North Australian Pastoral Company

630: 442:, as well as improved fertility. The Barkalay Tableland in Australia's Northern Rangeland industry is home to 3,000 Alexandria composites. In 1995 NAPCO also developed the Kynuna composite which is a product of the remaining Shorthorn Herd that were bread with Braham Bulls to produce the Alexandria composite. The Boomarra station in Queensland is the breeding headquarters for the company's Kynuna composite. It is currently in possession of 10,000 individual cows which NAPCO distributes amongst its other properties. The development of the Kynuna composite also utilised Tuli and Red Angus cows, breeding them with Shorthorn species. The composites are closely monitored according to three particular traits; 192:

established. The company is currently in possession of cattle heads amounting to some 190,000 cows spread throughout each station from Queensland to the Northern Territory. There are currently twelve stations located in Queensland, and only two located in the Northern Territory. However, whilst Queensland contains more stations in comparison to the Northern Territory, its capacity of cattle is far less. For example, the Goldsborough station in Queensland only holds a capacity of 4,000 cattle, whereas the Northern Territory station of Mittiebah holds an approximate capacity of 80,000 cows.

298: 211: 670:‘cluster approach’ was utilised by the company when working towards certification; this meant that the entire company qualified for certification, rather than each individual worker. The effect of the ‘cluster approach’ was to reduce the substantive cost involved in certification and the subsequent surveillance audits that would have to be implemented; this meant that cost was able to be reduced by approximately 50%. This approach also provided a means by which workload and ideas between producers could be collectively distributed. 479: 4610: 661:

EMS strategies that can provide obstacles that make it difficult to maintain these initiatives. This is currently being achieved by way of a four tier approach which aims to cultivate the environment and ensure its longevity. The four tiered approach concerns an initial environmental self-assessment, secondly an environmental check-list, and then complementing the second step by following an industry standard of EMS and lastly by implementing a certified EMS that is to the ISO 14001.

348: 389: 461: 5035: 4372: 5025: 682: 114: 586:. These strategies include; improving herd genetics, utilising feed bases, and promoting both feedlot finishing and property infrastructure. Species of cows such as the Red Angus, Tuli, Belmont Reds, Senapol and Brahman bulls are common species utilised in the Northern Rangeland industry for sustained productivity and carcass yields given Australia's arid and semi arid climate. 5045: 696: 590: 559: 183:

Alexandria and Mittiebah, whilst Queensland stations encompass those such as Boomarra, Kynuna and Portland Downs. The company is most well known for its development of the Alexandria and Kynuna cattle composites which are species of cattle that are distinct to NAPCO and separate it from others in the pastoral industry.

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environmental and infrastructural conditions must be accounted for throughout Australian pastoral systems, thereby indicating how these influences have had an effect on the Southern and Northern rangeland industry. Further, in the Southern rangelands where there is a growing season of less than 5 months,

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of cattle is the primary use of Australia's Northern Rangelands, and as such, it has enabled them to become a central organ for Australian agricultural enterprises. The production of beef in these rangelands draws upon a traditional low input-low output system of land management. Australia's Northern

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The vast majority of Australian feedlot production falls in Queensland and the Northern Territory. The use of these feedlots has grown substantially since 1980 and the industry is currently able to feed over 1 million cattle in feedlots at once. The increasing use of feedlots in Australia is due to a

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The composite cattle proves to be more durable compared to the Shorthorn cow variations, due to their increased drought and disease resistance and heat tolerance. The composites are a more profitable long term species for NAPCO that has ensured beef productivity has been maintained whilst minimising

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and semi arid the rangelands offer wide variations in climate, land and soil. The pastoral industry and particularly pastoral practices equate to 60% of rangeland usage. Subsequently, Australia's 25.5 million beef cattle generate a gross average of $ 7.4 million per year. The Northern Rangelands are

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of their meat and pattern of maturation which is comparatively later to that of the other species that was being used in the Southern rangeland. Although the number of Wagyu cattle is low in comparison to other breeds in South Australia, crossbreeding programs between Wagyu bulls and Angus cows have

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Contrary to the Northern rangelands where NAPCO operates is the Southern rangeland industry. Angus and Hereford cow breeds are the customary species of cattle utilised in these rangelands. However, since the 1980s European breeds such as the Charolis and Limousine were introduced The introduction of

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stations have been implemented to complement the farming of cattle. In comparison, the Northern beef zone takes up 116 million hectares of Australia's total land mass, which equates to 24.3% of the total land mass available; this figure is markedly different form the 265 million hectares consumed by

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Whilst the southern states account for 51% of total feedlot capacity in Australia, NSW only possesses 45% of total feedlots. The effect of this feedlot distribution is that the southern states produce 1 266 710 heads of cows whilst NSW only owns 788 625 heads of cattle. These figures demonstrate how

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industry and are strongly influenced by the environment they are in. Only 25% of Australia (including its feedlots) have a growing season of more than 5 months. This is due to the Australian climate being incapable of sustaining crops and pastures over a sustained period of time. Characteristically,

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resistance. The Hereford species is well suited to both grain finishing and grasses as its primary form of sustenance, and for that reason is also able to produce high quality and dense carcasses. In the 1990s the Wagyu breed was introduced in the Southern rangelands and grew in popularity the next

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Currently, the Australian agricultural industry follows various models of Environmental Management Systems (EMS) which provides an environmental management service tool that assists the continued improvement of Australia's natural habitat. However, there is a significant financial cost involved in

1979:

Eldridge, David J, Poore, Alistair G. B, Ruiz-Colmenero, Marta, Letnic, Mike and Soliveres, Santiago, “Ecosystem structure, function, and composition in rangelands are negatively affected by livestock grazing” In Ecological Applications, Vol. 26 No. 4 (Ecological Society of America, 2016)

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to increase productivity and limit carbon emissions. Further, the company has significantly contributed to developing a genetic improvement program which has introduced a tropically adapted cattle breed which has improved fertility and growth. NAPCO's composite cattle breeds, the Alexandria and

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as the company developed. It is one of Australia's oldest cattle companies and is today, a leading national beef producer in the Australian cattle industry. The company has a variety of stations throughout the Northern Territory and Queensland. Northern Territory stations include those such as

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NAPCO began developing composite cow breeds in 1982 when they created the Alexandria composite by breeding Braham Bulls and Shorthorn cow herds. The Alexandria composite is a species of cow that is specific to the NAPCO. The composite was developed at NAPCO's Alexandria station in the Northern

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NAPCO was the first company which was able to progress to registration of final 14001 certification. This was primarily due to the increased costs of surveillance audits and an absence of market incentives to promote this certificate as the gold standard within the Australian beef industry. A

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which is the current system standard for principal management systems and particularises the requirements for the introduction and maintenance of an environmental management system. During this period of development, Commonwealth and state governments who had been promoting EMS models in the

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In January 2020 NAPCO announced it was purchasing Mantuan Downs, a large-scale cattle breeding and finishing property in Central Queensland. The 134,000-hectare (330,000-acre) property consists of two pastoral leases, known as Mantuan Downs and Castlevale as well as the freehold Semper Idem.

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Founded in 1877 the North Australian Pastoral Company is one of Australia's leading agricultural enterprises as well as being one of its oldest and largest. NAPCO’S rangelands span 6.1 million hectares across both Queensland and the Northern Territory where a variety of stations have been

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periods which can last for a number of years. This is due to the limited availability of grain which the onset of drought brings with it, meaning that feedlots are generally lacking in activity during this time. The Southern rangelands typically operate their feedlots by running smaller

1986:

Gerrard, Marjorie A and O’Leary, Patrick, “Union-Avoidance Strategies in the Meat Industry in Australia and the United States” In Frontiers of Labor: Comparative Histories of the United States and Australia, ed. Greg Patmore, (Illinois: University of Illinois Press, 2018),

1952:

Bentley, David, Hegarty, Rodger and Alford, Andrew, “Managing Livestock Enterprises in Australia’s Extensive Rangelands for Greenhouse Gas and Environmental Outcomes: A Pastoral Company Perspective,” Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 2, no. 48, (January 2008)

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David Bentley, Rodger Hegarty and Andrew Alford, “Managing Livestock Enterprises in Australia’s Extensive Rangelands for Greenhouse Gas and Environmental Outcomes: A Pastoral Company Perspective,” Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 2, no. 48, (January 2008)

457:, and therefore are without calves for an extended period of time. Bulls are also closely monitored, with particular attention given to testicle size, physical structure, feet composition and growth which is based on a predominantly grass based diet. 549:

can survive Australia's subterranean climate where conditions will endure for over 5 months. Further, this also encompasses those months where the ratio of rainfall and evaporation exceeds 1 cm and where the average monthly temperature exceeds 7 degrees.

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In the year 2000 Meat and Livestock Australia (MLA) initiated a pilot group of beef and cattle farmers to partake in an environmental management system that would be soon implemented into the cattle industry. The standard aimed for the pilot group was

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Territory. The Alexandria station possess a land mass of 1,641,416 hectares which are home to some 80,000 of the company's cattle. It exhibits features such as a stronger carcass yield, reduced fat cover, improved temperament and environmental

2014:

Velado-Alonso, Elena, Morales-Castilla, Ignacio, Rebollo, Salvador and Gómez-Sal, Antonio, “Relationships between the distribution of wildlife and livestock diversity” In Diversity and Distributions, Vol. 26 No. 10, (Wiley Publishers, 2010)

1975:

Dundon, Peter, "Feedlots" In The Australian Feedlot Directory, (Elders Press Ltd, 1994) 12; Quevedo Martin Morgan, “The Beef Cattle Industry” In Australia's Livestock and Meat Industry, (Urbana-Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 1971)

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The Australian cattle industry is responsible for producing 3.9% of world beef productivity and due to 60% of the nation's entire beef production being exported, Australia operates alongside America and Brazil as one of the largest beef

203:(EMS) which is a policy implementation that aims to reduce carbon emissions by engaging in environmentally sound beef production. By introducing an Environmental Management Strategy, the company is in step with the work of fellow 487:

a variation of tick which can compromise the health of cattle. NAPCO's development of the Knyuna composite possesses a stronger tick resistance in comparison to the Angus and Hereford cattle variations previous relied on by the

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cattle and grain supplies are located in close proximity to feedlots, and the 2012 Australian Lot feeders Association Industry survey indicated that feedlot capacity is typically divided into particular sectors.

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David J. Eldridge, Alistair G. B. Poore, Marta Ruiz-Colmenero, Mike Letnic and Santiago Soliveres, “Ecosystem structure, function, and composition in rangelands are negatively affected by livestock grazing” In

1965:

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization for the Australian Agricultural Council, Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, (Cornell University Publishers, 1979)

918:

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consumerist demand for grass fed beef. Feedlot sectors are typically characterised by climates where crops and pastures are able to survive and typically consist of vegetation where short term crops such as

2005:

Pearson, Michael, “Exploring in the 1860s and 1870s,” in Pastoral Australia: Fortunes, Failures and Hard Yakka: A Historical Overview 1788-1967 ed Jane Lennon, (Collingwood: CSIRO publishing, 2010) 103–106.

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these European breeds comes from their high growth rates and ability to sustain a heavy weight despite their age as the cows grow older. Like the Northern rangeland industry, the South has also introduced

1993:

Lesslie, Rob and Mewett, Jodie, “Land Use and Management - The Australian Context” in Land Use in Australia: Past, Present and Future, ed. Richard Trackway (Australian National University Press, 2018) 31.

1956:

Brightling, Anthony, Brightling, Tony and Fowler, Diane, "Issues with Cattle" In Livestock Diseases in Australia; Diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Goats and Farm Dogs (C.H. Jerram & Associates, 2006) 21.

2008:

Phillips, Amy, “NAPCO for sale; The North Australian Pastoral Company, One of the Largest Cattle Producers and Landholders in Northern Australia, is for Sale” ABC Regional News NSW, 13 May 2013, 3.

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Amy Phillips, “NAPCO for sale; The North Australian Pastoral Company, One of the Largest Cattle Producers and Landholders in Northern Australia, is for Sale” ABC Regional News NSW, 13 May 2013, 3.

1999:

Millard, Steve “Experiences with Composites: North Australia Pastoral Company (NAPCO)” Armidale Feeder Steer School; Conference Proceedings and Support Material no.1 (August 2003): 131–133.

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Steve Millard, “Experiences with Composites: North Australia Pastoral Company (NAPCO)” Armidale Feeder Steer School; Conference Proceedings and Support Material no.1 (August 2003): 131–133.

1949:

Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand, “Prediction of Food Intake” In Feeding Standards for Australian Livestock; Ruminants (CSIRO Publishing, 1990) 261.

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to develop composite breeds. Hereford cattle species are typically the traditional species the industry relies upon, due to the breed's climate suitability, heat tolerance and strong

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the Southern rangelands (sheep and beef) which amounts to 55.3% of total land mass. The Northern rangelands are operated by multiple companies which occupy more than one station.

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a particular species of cow used by NAPCO. It is particularly used in the Southern Rangelands where it is bred with Angus species in the development of their composite cow breeds.

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Meat and Livestock Australia, “Composite Breeds in the Northern Rangelands” In Beef Cattle Nutrition; An Introduction to the Essentials, (Meat and Livestock Australia, 2006) 76.

1972:

Derner, Justin D, “Livestock Production Systems,” in Rangeland Systems: Processes, Management and Challenges, ed. David D. Briske, (Springer International Publishing: 2017) 347.

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Justin D Derner, “Livestock Production Systems,” in Rangeland Systems: Processes, Management and Challenges, ed. David D. Briske, (Springer International Publishing: 2017) 347.

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Francis Foster invested in NAPCO in 1937 taking an 18% interest, which grew through his lifetime to 43%, bringing with it exceptional pastoral skills and a long-term vision.

1983:

Gerber, Pierre, Mooney, Harold A. and Dijkman, Jeroen “Livestock in a Changing Landscape” In Experiences and Regional Perspectives, Vol. 2 (Stanford: Island Press, 2010) 23.

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rates, pasture and feedlot growth. The company also partakes in a carcass assessment which draws upon data extracted from analysing feedlot trials and the specie's overall

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programs, from which it has developed two of its own registered cattle species known as the Alexandria composite and Kynuna composite. The company has also engaged in an

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Elena Velado-Alonso, Ignacio Morales-Castilla, Salvador Rebollo and Antonio Gómez-Sal, “Relationships between the distribution of wildlife and livestock diversity” In

1969:

Denniss, Siobhan, A Critique of Environmental Management Systems and their Relevance in the North Australian Pastoral Industry (Melbourne: MTEM Publishers, 2002) 28.

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operating in the Northern Rangeland industry who have also implemented a particular model of EMS to specifically target the impact they have on the environment.

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Kahn, Lewis and Cottle, David John, “Beef Composition of the Northern Beef Herd” In Beef Cattle Production and Trade (CSIRO publishing, 2014) 180.

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which are pasture raised and grain finished before sale to Australian meat processors, who onsell beef to domestic and international customers.

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Infographic providing an practical example of the ISO 14001 level of Environmental Management being applied to distribution of material usage.

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Kynuna composites, are suited to arid and semi arid climates which are the product of the environmental conditions in the northern rangelands

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The North Australian Pastoral Company (NAPCO) is an Australian cattle company, founded in 1877. It was originally established in the

4499: 3499: 2523: 738: 266: 84: 1081: 5099: 4514: 4063: 3235: 3079: 1959:

Buckley, David, The Cattle Parasite Atlas; A Regional Guide to Cattle Parasite Control in Australia (CSIRO publishing, 2005) 32.

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Marjorie A Gerrard and Patrick O’Leary, “Union-Avoidance Strategies in the Meat Industry in Australia and the United States” In

5049: 4745: 4741: 4723: 4652: 4469: 237: 200: 1962:

Cranston, Michael, “Leading Cattle Company The North Australian Pastoral” The North Queensland Register, 13 September 2012, 5.

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Michael Cranston, “Leading Cattle Company The North Australian Pastoral” The North Queensland Register, 13 September 2012, 5.

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Reid, Robert L, "Agriculture and the Economy" from The Manual of Australian Agriculture (Butterworths publishers, 1990) 1.

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The North Australian Pastoral Company digital story and oral history: Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame 2016

210: 1245: 1215: 1137: 150:(as well as the Wainui farm and feedlot) covering over 60,000 km, managing around 200,000 cattle, throughout 5109: 4925: 4774: 4638: 4223: 4168: 3947: 3932: 3912: 3190: 2610: 2106: 1401: 1189: 618: 229: 1882:

Managing Livestock Enterprises in Australia’s Extensive Rangelands for Greenhouse Gas and Environmental Outcomes

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A Critique of Environmental Management Systems and their Relevance in the North Australian Pastoral Industry

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were acquired in 1939 as part of their plan to breed cattle at Alexandria and then fatten and sell from the

2002:

M. Moore, Raymond, “Proceedings” In Australian Grasslands, (Australian National University Press, 1970) 22.

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the centre for beef productivity in Australia, producing 70% of national beef in the year 2005 - 2006. The

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Critique of Environmental Management Systems and their Relevance in the North Australian Pastoral Industry

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Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand, “Prediction of Food Intake” In

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state of Australia where a vast majority of NAPCO stations are located. Some of these stations include

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location where the North Australian Pastoral company was founded and home to its major cattle stations.

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The company's standing in the Australian agricultural industry is attributed to its advanced composite

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rangelands have engaged in recent innovations to increase beef productivity whilst reducing

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Australian rangelands cover approximately 75% of the nation's land mass. Characteristically

460: 337: 196: 171: 1854:

Pierre Gerber, Harold A. Mooney and Jeroen Dijkman, “Livestock in a Changing Landscape” In

4698: 4628: 4534: 4504: 4453: 4448: 4432: 4386: 4281: 4002: 3907: 3661: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3064: 3027: 3022: 3017: 3012: 3007: 3002: 2997: 990:"Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame | North Australian Pastoral Company Pty Limited" 742: 251: 4569: 4424: 3569: 3317: 3129: 2992: 2982: 2977: 2972: 2967: 2962: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2316: 2306: 759: 333: 147: 814:

Pastoral Australia: Fortunes, Failures and Hard Yakka: A Historical Overview 1788-1967

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Rob Lesslie and Jodie Mewett, “Land Use and Management - The Australian Context” in

1701:

National Guidelines for Beef Cattle Feedlots in Australia, (CSIRO publishing, 1997).

1602:, (Elders Press Ltd, 1994) 12; Quevedo Martin Morgan, “The Beef Cattle Industry” In 520:

worldwide. Slaughter rates in the Australian feedlot sector tend to increase during

4895: 4509: 4218: 4188: 4048: 3392: 3387: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3159: 3104: 3054: 2987: 2942: 2917: 2847: 2842: 2837: 2832: 2827: 2785: 2750: 2660: 2655: 2483: 2291: 2057: 1506:

The Cattle Parasite Atlas; A Regional Guide to Cattle Parasite Control in Australia

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Lewis Kahn and David John Cottle, “Beef Composition of the Northern Beef Herd” In

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acquired a 79% interest in NAPCO with the Foster family owning the remaining 21%.

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Livestock Diseases in Australia; Diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Goats and Farm Dogs

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Meat and Livestock Australia, “Composite Breeds in the Northern Rangelands” In

4859: 4643: 4183: 4088: 3795: 3770: 3534: 3489: 3225: 2882: 2695: 2588: 2583: 2578: 2538: 2513: 2388: 2144: 763: 746: 677: 450: 439: 315: 247: 179: 151: 113: 240:. The first station acquired was Alexandria Downs in the Northern Territory. 4945: 4869: 4759: 4754: 4673: 4668: 4549: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4312: 4302: 4263: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4083: 4073: 4058: 4038: 4033: 4028: 3977: 3922: 3917: 3897: 3875: 3855: 3810: 3790: 3745: 3740: 3735: 3703: 3666: 3656: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3616: 3601: 3596: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3494: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3459: 3454: 3402: 3397: 3377: 3347: 3322: 3307: 3277: 3230: 3220: 3200: 3195: 3180: 3175: 3089: 2810: 2805: 2700: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2219: 972:

Frontiers of Labor: Comparative Histories of the United States and Australia

729: 644: 453:. Female Kynunas are culled if they fall out of sync with regular times for 416: 143: 127: 123: 1675:

Anthony Brightling, Tony Brightling, Diane Fowler, "Issues with Cattle" In

1453: 1045: 4920: 4910: 3987: 3765: 3469: 3297: 3134: 3124: 3109: 3084: 3069: 3044: 3039: 2922: 2897: 2892: 2877: 2872: 2867: 2857: 2822: 2817: 2800: 2780: 2775: 2770: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2745: 2730: 2720: 2715: 2705: 2690: 2685: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2615: 2600: 2573: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2533: 2528: 2508: 2503: 2493: 2488: 2478: 2473: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2428: 2418: 2311: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 1371: 1345: 1293: 1267: 1107: 649: 517: 412: 974:, ed. Greg Patmore, (Illinois: University of Illinois Press, 2018), 129. 4276: 4068: 4053: 3850: 3840: 3830: 3606: 3422: 3372: 3267: 3255: 2413: 2408: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2321: 2276: 2271: 2256: 2251: 2246: 1754:, ed. Richard Trackway (Australian National University Press, 2018) 31. 1237: 1211: 1133: 733: 725: 608: 589: 578: 558: 529:

via more intense operations compared to the Northern rangeland sector.

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Composition in Rangelands are Negatively Affected by Livestock Grazing

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NAPCO has adopted these strategies and complemented them by utilising

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agricultural sector began to introduce these methods to the nation's

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The official greenhouse gas emissions data of developed countries

2039: 4524: 3820: 3683: 3676: 3342: 3287: 2887: 2498: 2043: 1728:, Vol. 26 No. 4 (Ecological Society of America, 2016) 1273-1283. 573: 538: 498: 4390: 2061: 4821: 4307: 3997: 3049: 816:

ed Jane Lennon, (Collingwood: CSIRO publishing, 2010) 103-106.

1606:, (Urbana-Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 1971) 2. 787: 105: 507:

been used to accelerate the dissemination of Wagyu genes.

228:

The NAPCO partnership was formed in 1877 by Queenslanders

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Beef Cattle Nutrition; An Introduction to the Essentials,

1022:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2012. Archived from 288:

As at 2017, the company operated the following stations:

812:

Michael Pearson, “Exploring in the 1860s and 1870s,” in

1548:

Feeding Standards for Australian Livestock; Ruminants

399:

Other properties that the company has owned include:

4878: 4835: 4809: 4707: 4617: 4431: 4290: 4016: 3168: 2117: 101: 91: 80: 72: 58: 50: 42: 34: 26: 1710:Robert L Reid, "Agriculture and the Economy" from 1657:, (Australian National University Press, 1970) 22. 187:Overview of the North Australian Pastoral Company 1780:, Vol. 26 No. 10, (Wiley Publishers, 2010) 1264. 4936:Environmental, social, and corporate governance 1830:Land Use and Management: The Australian Context 1817:Land Use and Management: The Australian Context 1752:Land Use in Australia: Past, Present and Future 788:"The North Australian Pastoral Company Pty Ltd" 4402: 2073: 1623: 1621: 1559:Agriculture and Resource Management Council, 1516: 1514: 927: 925: 8: 5085:Food and drink companies established in 1877 1921:The North Australia Pastoral Company (NAPCO) 21: 1858:, Vol. 2 (Stanford: Island Press, 2010) 23. 1482:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1456:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1400:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1374:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1348:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1322:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1296:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1270:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1214:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1188:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1136:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 1110:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 2017. 474:Species utilised in the Southern Rangelands 130:and particularly by NAPCO in its composite 4409: 4395: 4387: 2080: 2066: 2058: 20: 511:Overview of the Australian Feedlot Sector 22:North Australian Pastoral Company Pty Ltd 5090:Australian companies established in 1877 1679:(C.H. Jerram & Associates, 2006) 21. 1576:(Meat and Livestock Australia, 2006) 76. 1051:Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame 607:systems, perennial pastures and minimum 415:play an integral role in the Australian 395:detailing the variations in its climate. 274:Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame 4770:Pollutant release and transfer register 1604:Australia's Livestock and Meat Industry 782: 780: 776: 554:Australia’s Northern Rangeland Industry 948:(Melbourne: MTEM Publishers, 2002) 28. 4555:Principles for Responsible Investment 1856:Experiences and Regional Perspectives 1486:from the original on 13 December 2018 1460:from the original on 13 December 2018 1434:from the original on 13 December 2018 1430:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 1404:from the original on 13 December 2018 1378:from the original on 13 December 2018 1352:from the original on 13 December 2018 1326:from the original on 13 December 2018 1300:from the original on 13 December 2018 1274:from the original on 13 December 2018 1248:from the original on 13 December 2018 1244:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 1218:from the original on 13 December 2018 1192:from the original on 13 December 2018 1166:from the original on 13 December 2018 1162:. North Australian Pastoral Company. 1140:from the original on 13 December 2018 1114:from the original on 13 December 2018 1000:from the original on 23 February 2017 984: 982: 980: 710:List of oldest companies in Australia 142:(NAPCO) is a large, privately owned, 7: 5044: 1712:The Manual of Australian Agriculture 1062:from the original on 23 October 2018 272:In 2016 NAPCO was inducted into the 1653:Raymond M. Moore, “Proceedings” In 794:from the original on 7 October 2011 384:Wainui Feedlot and Farm, Queensland 258:along with the adjoining property, 5080:Agriculture companies of Australia 4734:Environmental full-cost accounting 2040:Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI) 1791:North Australian Pastoral Company, 1714:(Butterworths publishers, 1990) 1. 593:Graph showing the distribution of 562:Graph showing the distribution of 381:Portland Downs Station, Queensland 236:, with Englishmen John Warner and 14: 739:Australian States and Territories 267:Queensland Investment Corporation 254:. u In 1968 the company acquired 146:cattle company which operates 14 140:North Australian Pastoral Company 85:Queensland Investment Corporation 5043: 5034: 5033: 5023: 4608: 4515:Extended producer responsibility 4371: 4370: 1934:Environmental Management Systems 1600:The Australian Feedlot Directory 959:Environmental Management Systems 871:Beef Cattle Production and Trade 694: 680: 625:Environmental Management Systems 343:Landsborough Station, Queensland 330:Goldsborough Station, Queensland 4724:Eco-Management and Audit Scheme 1690:Livestock Diseases in Australia 408:Livestock feedlots in Australia 201:Environmental Management System 122:the common species utilised by 4996:Socially responsible marketing 4991:Socially responsible investing 1765:Managing Livestock Enterprises 321:Cungelella Station, Queensland 1: 4986:Socially responsible business 1763:Bentley, Hegarty and Alford, 1550:(CSIRO Publishing, 1990) 261. 873:(CSIRO publishing, 2014) 180. 849:The North Australian Pastoral 836:The North Australian Pastoral 656:Current EMS used in Australia 312:Coolullah Station, Queensland 4931:Environmental pricing reform 4462:environmental responsibility 1908:Livestock Production Systems 1598:Peter Dundon, "Feedlots" In 1587:The North Australia Pastoral 1508:(CSIRO publishing, 2005) 32. 545:and long term crops such as 309:Boomarra Station, Queensland 5105:Environmental certification 4961:Market governance mechanism 4817:Global Reporting Initiative 4787:standards and certification 4694:Social return on investment 2035:ISO 14000 family at ISO.org 2030:State Library of Queensland 1804:Agriculture and the Economy 1778:Diversity and Distributions 1642:Experiences with Composites 1629:Experiences with Composites 1480:"Wainui Feedlot & Farm" 1056:State Library of Queensland 378:Monkira Station, Queensland 5131: 4901:Community interest company 4845:Community-based monitoring 4679:Genuine progress indicator 1739:Union-Avoidance Strategies 433:Species of cattle utilised 262:, at about the same time. 5019: 4926:Environmental degradation 4775:Sustainability accounting 4639:Ethical positioning index 4606: 4366: 2099: 1561:Prediction of Food Intake 1535:The Cattle Parasite Atlas 1522:The Cattle Parasite Atlas 619:environmental degradation 16:Australian cattle company 4956:Health impact assessment 4827:Sustainability reporting 4796:Toxics Release Inventory 4590:Transparency (behavioral 4565:Social impact assessment 4454:Corporate accountability 752:Environmental Management 584:greenhouse gas emissions 403:Gordon Downs, Queensland 358:Boomarra, Portland Downs 106:http://www.napco.com.au/ 5100:Environmental standards 5011:Supply chain management 4951:Global justice movement 4750:profit-and-loss account 1726:Ecological Applications 665:NAPCO’s EMS development 4976:SDG Publishers Compact 4738:Environmental conflict 4545:Organizational justice 994:leaders.slq.qld.gov.au 639: 600: 569: 489: 470: 396: 364: 305: 232:, William Forrest and 220: 135: 4966:Product certification 4765:Life-cycle assessment 4684:Performance indicator 4575:Social responsibility 4540:Organizational ethics 4470:social responsibility 1737:Gerrard and O’Leary, 1655:Australian Grasslands 1020:"NAPCo - Our History" 632: 599:throughout the globe. 592: 568:throughout the globe. 561: 502:few years due to the 481: 463: 391: 350: 300: 234:Sir Thomas McIlwraith 213: 116: 4971:Public participation 4906:Conflict of interest 4496:inequality in the UK 4488:in the United States 4480:Environmental racism 375:, Northern Territory 367:Marion Downs Station 325:Glenormiston Station 301:Example format of a 295:, Northern Territory 178:before expanding to 63:Brisbane, Queensland 4941:Ethical consumerism 4891:Benefit corporation 4783:metrics and indices 4585:Sullivan principles 4500:injustice in Europe 216:Northern Territory: 93:Number of employees 23: 5115:Northern Australia 5029:Environment portal 4801:Triple bottom line 4729:Emission inventory 4634:Double bottom line 4580:Stakeholder theory 2093:by standard number 1026:on 3 December 2014 933:Managing Livestock 907:Managing Livestock 894:Managing Livestock 640: 601: 596:semi-arid climates 570: 490: 471: 397: 365: 353:Map of Queensland: 316:Coorabulka Station 306: 293:Alexandria Station 238:Sir William Ingram 221: 176:Northern Territory 156:Northern Territory 136: 5064: 5063: 4981:Social enterprise 4886:Bangladesh Accord 4746:management system 4742:impact assessment 4719:Carbon accounting 4649:Impact assessment 4600:UN Global Compact 4492:in Western Europe 4444:Aarhus Convention 4384: 4383: 2107:ISO romanizations 1088:. 24 January 2020 944:Siobhan Denniss, 373:Mittiebah Station 111: 110: 5122: 5110:Greenhouse gases 5047: 5046: 5037: 5036: 5027: 4612: 4530:Little Eichmanns 4411: 4404: 4397: 4388: 4374: 4373: 2094: 2082: 2075: 2068: 2059: 1937: 1930: 1924: 1917: 1911: 1904: 1898: 1891: 1885: 1878: 1872: 1865: 1859: 1852: 1846: 1839: 1833: 1826: 1820: 1813: 1807: 1800: 1794: 1787: 1781: 1774: 1768: 1761: 1755: 1748: 1742: 1735: 1729: 1721: 1715: 1708: 1702: 1699: 1693: 1686: 1680: 1673: 1667: 1664: 1658: 1651: 1645: 1638: 1632: 1625: 1616: 1613: 1607: 1596: 1590: 1583: 1577: 1570: 1564: 1557: 1551: 1544: 1538: 1531: 1525: 1518: 1509: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1491: 1476: 1470: 1469: 1467: 1465: 1454:"Portland Downs" 1450: 1444: 1443: 1441: 1439: 1420: 1414: 1413: 1411: 1409: 1394: 1388: 1387: 1385: 1383: 1368: 1362: 1361: 1359: 1357: 1342: 1336: 1335: 1333: 1331: 1316: 1310: 1309: 1307: 1305: 1290: 1284: 1283: 1281: 1279: 1264: 1258: 1257: 1255: 1253: 1234: 1228: 1227: 1225: 1223: 1208: 1202: 1201: 1199: 1197: 1182: 1176: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1156: 1150: 1149: 1147: 1145: 1130: 1124: 1123: 1121: 1119: 1104: 1098: 1097: 1095: 1093: 1078: 1072: 1071: 1069: 1067: 1042: 1036: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1016: 1010: 1009: 1007: 1005: 986: 975: 968: 962: 955: 949: 942: 936: 929: 920: 916: 910: 903: 897: 890: 884: 880: 874: 867: 861: 858: 852: 845: 839: 832: 826: 823: 817: 810: 804: 803: 801: 799: 784: 704: 702:Companies portal 699: 698: 697: 690: 688:Australia portal 685: 684: 683: 393:Map of Australia 338:Dagworth Station 172:Barkly Tableland 24: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5124: 5123: 5121: 5120: 5119: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5065: 5060: 5015: 4874: 4831: 4805: 4710: 4703: 4699:Whole-life cost 4629:Corporate crime 4620: 4613: 4604: 4535:Loss and damage 4505:Ethical banking 4449:Climate justice 4436: 4427: 4415: 4385: 4380: 4362: 4286: 4012: 3164: 2113: 2095: 2092: 2086: 2022: 1946: 1941: 1940: 1931: 1927: 1918: 1914: 1905: 1901: 1892: 1888: 1879: 1875: 1866: 1862: 1853: 1849: 1840: 1836: 1827: 1823: 1814: 1810: 1802:Robert L Reid, 1801: 1797: 1788: 1784: 1775: 1771: 1762: 1758: 1749: 1745: 1736: 1732: 1722: 1718: 1709: 1705: 1700: 1696: 1687: 1683: 1674: 1670: 1665: 1661: 1652: 1648: 1639: 1635: 1626: 1619: 1614: 1610: 1597: 1593: 1584: 1580: 1571: 1567: 1558: 1554: 1545: 1541: 1532: 1528: 1519: 1512: 1504:David Buckley, 1503: 1499: 1489: 1487: 1478: 1477: 1473: 1463: 1461: 1452: 1451: 1447: 1437: 1435: 1422: 1421: 1417: 1407: 1405: 1396: 1395: 1391: 1381: 1379: 1370: 1369: 1365: 1355: 1353: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1329: 1327: 1318: 1317: 1313: 1303: 1301: 1292: 1291: 1287: 1277: 1275: 1266: 1265: 1261: 1251: 1249: 1236: 1235: 1231: 1221: 1219: 1210: 1209: 1205: 1195: 1193: 1184: 1183: 1179: 1169: 1167: 1158: 1157: 1153: 1143: 1141: 1132: 1131: 1127: 1117: 1115: 1106: 1105: 1101: 1091: 1089: 1080: 1079: 1075: 1065: 1063: 1044: 1043: 1039: 1029: 1027: 1018: 1017: 1013: 1003: 1001: 988: 987: 978: 969: 965: 956: 952: 943: 939: 930: 923: 917: 913: 904: 900: 891: 887: 881: 877: 868: 864: 859: 855: 846: 842: 833: 829: 824: 820: 811: 807: 797: 795: 786: 785: 778: 773: 768: 743:New South Wales 700: 695: 693: 686: 681: 679: 676: 667: 658: 627: 556: 513: 484:Ixodes recinus: 476: 435: 410: 303:cattle feedlot. 286: 252:Channel Country 230:William Collins 226: 189: 168: 158:. It produces 148:cattle stations 94: 68: 64: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5128: 5126: 5118: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5072: 5071: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5058: 5053: 5041: 5031: 5020: 5017: 5016: 5014: 5013: 5008: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4882: 4880: 4876: 4875: 4873: 4872: 4867: 4857: 4847: 4841: 4839: 4833: 4832: 4830: 4829: 4824: 4822:GxP guidelines 4819: 4813: 4811: 4807: 4806: 4804: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4715: 4713: 4705: 4704: 4702: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4660: 4655: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4625: 4623: 4615: 4614: 4607: 4605: 4603: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4570:Social justice 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4477: 4472: 4466:responsibility 4451: 4446: 4440: 4438: 4429: 4428: 4425:accountability 4416: 4414: 4413: 4406: 4399: 4391: 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2003: 2000: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1984: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1950: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1938: 1925: 1912: 1899: 1886: 1873: 1860: 1847: 1834: 1821: 1808: 1795: 1782: 1769: 1756: 1743: 1730: 1716: 1703: 1694: 1681: 1668: 1659: 1646: 1633: 1617: 1608: 1591: 1578: 1565: 1552: 1539: 1526: 1510: 1497: 1471: 1445: 1415: 1389: 1372:"Marion Downs" 1363: 1346:"Landsborough" 1337: 1311: 1294:"Goldsborough" 1285: 1268:"Glenormiston" 1259: 1229: 1203: 1177: 1151: 1125: 1108:"Our stations" 1099: 1073: 1046:"Hall of Fame" 1037: 1011: 976: 963: 950: 937: 921: 911: 898: 885: 875: 862: 853: 840: 827: 818: 805: 775: 774: 772: 769: 767: 766: 760:Sustainability 749: 736: 714: 713: 712: 706: 705: 691: 675: 672: 666: 663: 657: 654: 626: 623: 555: 552: 512: 509: 475: 472: 434: 431: 409: 406: 405: 404: 386: 385: 382: 379: 376: 370: 344: 341: 334:Kynuna Station 331: 328: 322: 319: 313: 310: 307: 285: 282: 225: 222: 188: 185: 167: 164: 109: 108: 103: 99: 98: 95: 92: 89: 88: 82: 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NAPCO. 730:Livestock 645:ISO 14001 518:exporters 417:livestock 128:Australia 124:livestock 67:Australia 5039:Category 4837:Auditing 4658:equality 4376:Category 2101:List of 1932:Banney, 1906:Derner, 1884:, 60-62. 1880:Alford, 1867:Dennis, 1845:, 1273 . 1815:Mewett, 1793:131–133. 1688:Fowler, 1537:, 39-41. 1484:Archived 1458:Archived 1432:Archived 1402:Archived 1376:Archived 1350:Archived 1324:Archived 1320:"Kynuna" 1298:Archived 1272:Archived 1246:Archived 1216:Archived 1190:Archived 1164:Archived 1138:Archived 1112:Archived 1060:Archived 1030:28 April 998:Archived 935:, 64-65. 792:Archived 674:See also 650:red meat 504:marbling 488:company. 413:Feedlots 197:breeding 154:and the 134:program. 132:breeding 73:Products 35:Industry 5050:Commons 5003: ( 4879:Related 4862: ( 4852: ( 4651: ( 4595:social) 4277:29199-2 4149:23094-2 4144:23094-1 4134:23090-3 4003:19794-5 3998:19775-1 3786:16612-2 3776:16355-1 3465:13406-2 3423:12234-2 3191:10118-3 1893:Moore, 1828:Mewett, 1004:3 March 734:Pasture 726:Farming 609:tillage 579:grazing 522:drought 455:calving 448:climate 224:History 174:in the 102:Website 51:Founder 43:Founded 30:Private 4689:SA8000 4663:social 4619:Social 4560:Racism 4433:Ethics 4418:Social 4291:30000+ 3130:9797-1 2938:8820-5 2883:8501-1 2439:1073-2 2434:1073-1 2118:1–9999 2053:UNFCCC 1953:60–64. 1644:, 144. 1631:, 131. 1563:, 262. 883:60–64. 718:Cattle 547:clover 543:barley 4358:80000 4353:56000 4348:55000 4343:50001 4338:45001 4333:42010 4328:40500 4323:39075 4318:38500 4313:37001 4308:32000 4303:31000 4298:30170 4282:29500 4272:29148 4268:29110 4264:28000 4259:27729 4254:27006 4249:27005 4244:27002 4239:27001 4234:27000 4224:26324 4219:26300 4214:26262 4209:26000 4204:25964 4199:25178 4194:24728 4189:24707 4184:24617 4179:24613 4174:24517 4169:23941 4164:23360 4159:23271 4154:23270 4139:23092 4129:23009 4124:23008 4119:23003 4114:23000 4109:22537 4104:22395 4099:22301 4094:22300 4089:22275 4084:22000 4079:21827 4074:21500 4069:21122 4064:21047 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