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1058:, while touring his vast Canadian fur-trading empire in 1825. According to historical sources, "The small circular basin of water at the summit, twenty yards in diameter, is dignified with the name of the 'Committee's Punch Bowl' in honour of which the Governor treated them (his fur traders) to a bottle of wine as they had 'neither time nor convenience to make a bowl of
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in Mexico. Such basins can be, and routinely are, assigned to one side of the Divide or the other by their lowest perimeter pass; in other words, an assignment is made by determining how the drainage would occur if the basin were to be progressively filled with water until it overflowed. Large-scale
727:
While Triple Divide Peak (or, alternatively, Snow Dome) is the world's only oceanic triple divide, there are secondary triple divide points wherever any two continental divides meet. North
America has five major drainage systems: into the Pacific, Atlantic and Arctic oceans, plus Hudson Bay and the
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at 3,456 metres (11,300 ft). The exact location of this potential triple point is somewhat indeterminate because the
Columbia Icefield and the snow on top of it shifts from year to year. The snow that falls on it (about 10 metres (33 ft) per year) does not actually flow downhill as water,
748:
divide. Since there is no true consensus on what a continental divide is, there is no real agreement on where the secondary triple points are located. However, the main
Continental Divide described in this article is a far more distinctive geological feature than the others and its two main triple
590:, Montana, is the point where two of the principal continental divides in North America converge, the primary Continental Divide and the Northern or Laurentian Divide. From this point, waters flow to the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean via the Gulf of Mexico, and the
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topographic maps of the United States generally show only the main Divide as determined by the overflow rule. Among other things, this eliminates the need to trace out the boundary for a basin that is very shallow and has a nebulous rim, such as the
399:, passing along the western boundary of the endorheic Plains of San Agustin. Although the Divide represents the height of land between watersheds, it does not always follow the highest ranges/peaks within each state or province.
1031:
598:. Most geographers, geologists, meteorologists, and oceanographers consider this point the hydrological apex of North America, as Hudson Bay is generally considered part of the Arctic Ocean. For example, the
146:
Although there are many other hydrological divides in the
Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the
569:. Another secondary divide follows the Appalachian chain, which separates those streams and rivers that flow directly into the Atlantic Ocean from those that exit via the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.
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Another rare exception occurs when a stream near a divide splits and flows in both directions, or a lake straddling the divide overflows in both directions. Examples of these are, respectively,
656:, is part of the Atlantic or Arctic Ocean. Hudson Bay's water budget connects to the Atlantic more than to the Arctic Ocean. The channels to the north of Hudson Bay are largely cut off by
805:
regions in North and South
America complicate the simple view of east or west, "ocean-bound" water flow. Several endorheic basins straddle or adjoin the Continental Divide, notably the
781:. The trail itself is a corridor of pathways; that is, dedicated footpaths or back roads, either on or near the Continental Divide. A less-developed Canadian extension called the
339:. In Canada, it forms the western boundary of Waterton Lakes National Park, and in the US bisects Glacier National Park. Further south, the Divide forms the backbone of the
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tributaries are never within proximity of each other. Thus, North
America's status of having a single location draining into three oceans is unique in the world.
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basin. Using just the five, there are four secondary continental divides and three secondary triple points, the two mentioned previously and a third near
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1062:, although a glass of it would have been acceptable.'" The reference is to the governing committee of the Hudson's Bay Company in London, England.
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264:, where it reaches its more northerly point close to the U.S.-Canada border near the Beaufort Sea. The Divide zig-zags southwardly over
31:
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as the "Crown of the
Continent" of North America. The summit of the peak is the world's only oceanic triple divide point. Discounting
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between
Alberta and British Columbia flow into both provinces and thus into both the Arctic and Pacific Oceans. An example is the "
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maps, such as those on this page, often show double divide lines when endorheic basins are involved. However, the detailed
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565:(ultimately into the Atlantic) from watersheds that flow to the Gulf of Mexico (also part of the Atlantic Ocean) via the
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606:) defines the Hudson Bay, with its outlet extending from 62.5 to 66.5 degrees north (just a few miles south of the
542:
613:
This hydrological apex of North
America status of Triple Divide Peak is the main reason behind the designation of
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874:
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drainage region from the
Atlantic watershed region. Secondary divides separate the watersheds that flow into the
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often remains above the treeline and on the Divide, providing unobstructed views along its route.
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or Northern Divide in northern and western Canada separates the Arctic Ocean watershed from the
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529:. The Divide passes through the Punta Cancanan Pass in Peru at 4,700 metres (15,420 ft).
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from the Arctic, so much of the water that enters it mixes with the Atlantic to the east via
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Our World's Heritage: Creating a Culture Worthy of Place in Canada's Western Mountain Parks
37:
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is at an unimportant-looking, permanently snow and ice covered hump on the border between
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rather than north into the Arctic. The result is that most of the ice flowing down the
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194:, at 4,352 m (14,278 ft), is the highest point of the Continental Divide in
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at 4,352 metres (14,278 ft). It crosses US Hwy 160 in southwestern Colorado at
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610:) as being part of the Arctic Ocean, specifically "Arctic Ocean Subdivision 9.11."
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U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Continental Divide
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U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Continental Divide
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155:, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
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rivers. Ice flowing west goes to the Pacific Ocean via Bryce Creek and the
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1107:"IHO Publication S-23 Limits of Oceans and Seas; Chapter 9: Arctic Ocean"
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but creeps downhill in the form of glacial ice. That ice flows down the
478:. The divide reaches its lowest natural point in Central America at the
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Sources differ, however, on whether Hudson Bay, entirely south of the
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451:
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where it reaches its highest point in North America at the summit of
549:(also sometimes called the Northern Divide), further separates the
1032:
List of railroad crossings of the North American continental divide
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into Hudson Bay, while rain falling on the western half flowed via
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364:
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232:
201:
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36:
363:, where it forms the eastern third of the state boundary between
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monica driscollian rivers atlas (2006). "Minnesota Rivers Map".
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622:
521:
boundaries), southward to Cabo San Diego at the southern end of
506:
1490:
1109:. International Hydrographic Organization. 2002. Archived from
229:
of 1846 divided the area between Britain and the United States.
1203:
Lewis, Edward Lyn; Jones, E. Peter; et al., eds. (2000).
671:
If Hudson Bay is considered part of the Atlantic, then the
210:
used the Continental Divide as the eastern boundary of the
854:, both located on the Continental Divide in Wyoming. The
793:, ending at Kakwa Lake in east-central British Columbia.
708:. Ice flowing down the Saskatchewan Glacier goes via the
30:"Continental Divide" redirects here. For other uses, see
1134:. University of Montana Flathead Lake Biological Station
545:
watershed. Another, mainly non-mountainous, divide, the
482:
at 47 metres (154 ft) in Nicaragua. In Panama, the
308:
to the spine of the Rockies, following the crest of the
27:
Principal hydrological divide of North and South America
1470:
Parting of the Waters: a creek that flows to two oceans
1449:
A detailed overview of isolated wetlands from the USFWS
1343:"Continental Divides in North Dakota and North America"
268:, and forms part of the boundary between Yukon and the
241:
in the Teton Wilderness, where one fork flows into the
1239:"Snow Dome - The Hydrological Apex of North America"
458:. In Central America, it continues through southern
773:(CDT) follows the Divide through the U.S. from the
668:eventually ends up as water in the Atlantic Ocean.
602:(in its current unapproved working edition only of
821:in New Mexico and Chihuahua, Mexico, and both the
858:has this same feature, but is man-made. Both the
359:, through the Anaconda-Pintler Wilderness to the
1352:. North Dakota Geological Survey. Archived from
625:) borders three oceans, but the inward-draining
93:Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria
1477:(New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana)
621:and its ice sheets, only one other continent (
1502:
1444:A detailed map of watersheds in North America
123:from those river systems that drain into the
8:
869:Several small lakes along the Divide in the
1182:. Athabasca University Press. p. 160.
486:cuts through it at 26 metres (85 ft).
355:, then west past the namesake community of
1509:
1495:
1487:
1083:South American Handbook 2017: Vol. 93rd ed
728:Gulf of Mexico. Other sources such as the
252:Beginning at the westernmost point of the
107:. The Continental Divide extends from the
1461:Detailed article, maps, and boundary data
1294:"Snow Dome-South Slope, British Columbia"
1206:The Freshwater Budget of the Arctic Ocean
615:Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park
771:Continental Divide National Scenic Trail
1465:The National Atlas of the United States
1150:
1148:
1085:. Bath: Footprint Travel Guides. 2016.
1074:
1043:
730:International Hydrographic Organization
600:International Hydrographic Organization
567:Missouri-Mississippi-Ohio river system
304:. From there the Divide traverses the
131:, including those that drain into the
513:(essentially conforming to the Chile-
367:and Montana. The Divide crosses into
7:
1667:
645:Seas is so vast that any Arctic and
493:, where it follows the peaks of the
892:sat directly astride the Divide in
375:and continues southeast around the
300:and just south of the community of
32:Continental divide (disambiguation)
1380:Hiking Canada's Great Divide Trail
278:Northern British Columbia Interior
73:Continental Divide of the Americas
25:
839:in Colorado and the basin of the
18:North American Continental Divide
1695:Drainage basins of North America
1666:
1654:
1643:
1642:
1629:
1012:Great Divide Mountain Bike Route
936:
922:
866:, which empties to both oceans.
749:points are much more prominent.
276:. It then proceeds through the
95:) is the principal, and largely
1271:. climbwild.net. Archived from
1245:. climbwild.net. Archived from
877:", a small lake located in the
1720:History of the Rocky Mountains
1710:Geography of the United States
1423:. Province of British Columbia
1320:Minnesota State Map Collection
167:The Continental Divide in the
1:
1715:Great Divide of North America
245:and the other flows into the
1156:"Ocean Triple Divide Points"
692:to the Arctic Ocean via the
333:Waterton Lakes National Park
323:The Divide crosses into the
1176:Sanford, Robert W. (2010).
978:Saint Lawrence River Divide
862:and Gatun rivers flow into
683:, on the southern slope of
505:, western and southwestern
181:International Space Station
1736:
1705:Geography of North America
1341:Gonzalez, Mark A. (2002).
962:Eastern Continental Divide
576:
489:The Divide continues into
331:, at the boundary between
60:The Continental Divide in
41:The Continental Divide in
29:
1638:
1627:
1524:
1209:. Springer. p. 101.
604:Limits of Oceans and Seas
373:Yellowstone National Park
1383:. Rocky Mountain Books.
1132:"State of Flathead Lake"
1002:Continental Divide Trail
912:into the Pacific Ocean.
896:on the boundary between
763:Continental Divide Trail
1269:"The Columbia Icefield"
785:continues through five
470:, western/southwestern
345:Bob Marshall Wilderness
296:, north of the city of
1417:"Committee Punch Bowl"
1237:Timmer, Henry (2006).
875:Committee's Punch Bowl
766:
732:add a sixth: Canada's
347:, heads south towards
249:
230:
199:
184:
92:
68:
53:
1377:Lynx, Dustin (2000).
886:Alpine Club of Canada
848:North Two Ocean Creek
841:lost streams of Idaho
837:San Luis Closed Basin
811:Plains of San Agustin
760:
746:Saint Lawrence Seaway
588:Glacier National Park
497:, traversing western
343:(Front Range) in the
337:Glacier National Park
270:Northwest Territories
239:Parting of the Waters
236:
205:
190:
166:
59:
40:
1056:Hudson's Bay Company
666:Saskatchewan Glacier
563:Saint Lawrence River
406:, it passes through
341:Rocky Mountain Front
258:Cape Prince of Wales
119:that drain into the
115:, and separates the
1529:Atmospheric science
997:American Cordillera
951:Continental divides
898:Banff National Park
817:in New Mexico, the
314:120th meridian west
274:Mackenzie Mountains
101:hydrological divide
75:(also known as the
1621:Quaternary science
1518:Physical geography
1454:2006-05-15 at the
1054:, governor of the
1017:Great Divide Trail
967:Great Basin Divide
957:Continental divide
902:Yoho National Park
807:Great Divide Basin
783:Great Divide Trail
767:
738:Hibbing, Minnesota
710:North Saskatchewan
584:Triple Divide Peak
533:Additional divides
381:Sierra Madre Range
377:Great Divide Basin
250:
231:
200:
185:
113:Strait of Magellan
85:Continental Divide
69:
54:
1682:
1681:
1616:Landscape ecology
1560:Coastal geography
1216:978-0-7923-6439-9
1189:978-1-897425-57-2
974:(Northern Divide)
972:Laurentian Divide
734:Northwest Passage
690:Athabasca Glacier
547:Laurentian Divide
312:southeast to the
286:Omineca Mountains
282:Cassiar Mountains
179:, taken from the
175:of north central
45:in red and other
16:(Redirected from
1727:
1700:Drainage divides
1670:
1669:
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1551:Paleoclimatology
1511:
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1393:. Archived from
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1158:. Peakbagger.com
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1050:It was named by
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940:
932:
930:Geography portal
927:
926:
925:
827:Llanos el Salado
823:BolsĂłn de MapimĂ
809:in Wyoming, the
791:provincial parks
779:Canada–US border
775:Mexico–US border
681:British Columbia
527:Tierra del Fuego
480:Isthmus of Rivas
440:Federal District
361:Bitterroot Range
327:in northwestern
310:Canadian Rockies
306:McGregor Plateau
47:drainage divides
21:
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1555:Palaeogeography
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1456:Wayback Machine
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1350:NGDS Newsletter
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1267:Timmer, Henry.
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871:Rocky Mountains
799:
755:
744:intersects the
742:Northern Divide
706:Columbia Rivers
627:Endorheic basin
581:
575:
535:
495:Andes Mountains
474:, and southern
462:, southwestern
393:Wolf Creek Pass
357:Divide, Montana
290:Nechako Plateau
183:in October 2008
173:Rocky Mountains
161:
149:Rocky Mountains
62:Central America
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1438:External links
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1415:GeoBC (2013).
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944:Geology portal
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890:Abbot Pass Hut
879:Athabasca Pass
798:
795:
787:national parks
754:
751:
577:Main article:
574:
571:
534:
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509:, and eastern
420:Aguascalientes
379:, through the
247:Atlantic Ocean
216:United Kingdom
214:, which was a
212:Oregon Country
208:Treaty of 1818
160:
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133:Gulf of Mexico
83:or simply the
81:Western Divide
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1408:
1397:on 2016-03-16
1396:
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1390:0-921102-79-8
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1382:
1381:
1373:
1370:
1359:on 2013-01-17
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1323:. Geology.com
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655:
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650:
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633:from western
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579:Triple divide
573:Triple points
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539:Arctic Divide
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298:Prince George
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288:and northern
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262:Arctic Alaska
259:
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240:
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1569:Soil science
1564:Oceanography
1538:Biogeography
1464:
1425:. Retrieved
1420:
1410:
1399:. Retrieved
1395:the original
1379:
1372:
1361:. Retrieved
1354:the original
1349:
1336:
1325:. Retrieved
1319:
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1301:. Retrieved
1297:
1288:
1277:. Retrieved
1273:the original
1262:
1251:. Retrieved
1247:the original
1242:
1232:
1220:. Retrieved
1205:
1198:
1178:
1171:
1160:. Retrieved
1136:. Retrieved
1126:
1115:. Retrieved
1111:the original
1101:
1082:
1077:
1046:
883:
868:
856:Panama Canal
845:
819:Guzmán Basin
800:
768:
753:Hiking trail
740:, where the
726:
720:rivers into
714:Saskatchewan
673:triple point
672:
670:
651:
647:Indian Ocean
631:Central Asia
612:
603:
592:Arctic Ocean
582:
555:Arctic Ocean
536:
488:
401:
322:
251:
145:
129:Arctic Ocean
84:
80:
77:Great Divide
76:
72:
70:
1547:Climatology
1533:Meteorology
1222:26 November
910:Lake O'Hara
906:Lake Louise
559:Great Lakes
302:McLeod Lake
294:Summit Lake
223:condominium
169:Front Range
97:mountainous
1689:Categories
1602:Glaciology
1582:Geobiology
1577:Edaphology
1427:2014-09-29
1401:2010-04-08
1363:2007-12-29
1327:2007-12-29
1303:2015-09-28
1298:Peakbagger
1279:2014-07-30
1253:2007-12-28
1162:2017-07-01
1138:2015-09-28
1117:2017-07-01
1070:References
894:Abbot Pass
864:Gatun Lake
797:Exceptions
722:Hudson Bay
619:Antarctica
596:Hudson Bay
551:Hudson Bay
543:Hudson Bay
517:and Chile-
501:, central
472:Costa Rica
466:, western
428:Guanajuato
397:New Mexico
389:Grays Peak
225:until the
192:Grays Peak
141:Hudson Bay
117:watersheds
1611:Limnology
1607:Hydrology
1421:gov.bc.ca
1243:Snow Dome
1022:Laurentia
803:endorheic
698:Mackenzie
694:Athabasca
685:Snow Dome
523:Patagonia
519:Argentina
468:Nicaragua
460:Guatemala
432:Querétaro
416:Zacatecas
408:Chihuahua
159:Geography
1649:Category
1573:Pedology
1483:(Alaska)
1452:Archived
916:See also
852:Isa Lake
825:and the
813:and the
789:and six
629:area of
499:Colombia
464:Honduras
385:Colorado
280:via the
254:Americas
177:Colorado
125:Atlantic
105:Americas
1673:Commons
1587:Geology
860:Chagres
777:to the
677:Alberta
643:Caspian
637:to the
515:Bolivia
503:Ecuador
456:Chiapas
444:Morelos
424:Jalisco
412:Durango
371:within
369:Wyoming
329:Montana
318:Alberta
272:in the
171:of the
111:to the
103:of the
89:Spanish
1661:Portal
1387:
1213:
1186:
1089:
718:Nelson
716:, and
476:Panama
454:, and
452:Oaxaca
448:Puebla
438:, the
436:MĂ©xico
404:Mexico
349:Helena
139:, and
135:, the
79:, the
1463:from
1357:(PDF)
1346:(PDF)
1060:punch
801:Many
635:China
511:Chile
484:Canal
383:into
365:Idaho
353:Butte
266:Yukon
153:Andes
1385:ISBN
1224:2010
1211:ISBN
1184:ISBN
1087:ISBN
1038:Note
900:and
884:The
850:and
832:USGS
769:The
761:The
704:and
702:Bush
696:and
679:and
641:and
639:Aral
623:Asia
594:via
561:and
537:The
525:and
507:Peru
351:and
335:and
237:The
206:The
151:and
127:and
71:The
64:and
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586:in
402:In
292:to
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1147:^
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34:.
20:)
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