352:
3125:
669:
561:
132:
57:
69:
445:
594:
important because it gave citizens of
British Cameroons autonomy and helped to establish βa greater vitality of local political institutions in West Cameroonβ. Despite the indirect rule used to invigorate the spirit of citizens, the British found that they had to "approach various developmental programs" because "there was little involvement of the local people in planning and executing community development programmes."
313:
3014:
697:
3024:
683:
338:
1170:
645:
Despite being united, the
Anglophones in Cameroon did not feel represented in government politics. In 1993, the All Anglophone Conference argued at their meeting that "the 1961 Foumban Accord. . .was hardly represented by the Francophone majority who ultimately scrapped the Federal Constitution and
614:
was agreed to and held on 11 February 1961. The Muslim-majority
Northern Area opted for union with Nigeria, and the Southern Area voted to join Cameroon. No option was given for British Cameroonian independence. The driving force for the unification of east and south Cameroon was Ahmadou Ahidjo and
609:
As French
Cameroon gained independence, British Cameroons was still under the administration of Nigeria. French Cameroun became independent, as Cameroun or Cameroon, on January 1, 1960, and Nigeria was scheduled for independence later that same year, which raised the question of what to do with the
593:
Under colonial rule, Cameroons was ruled on the basis of indirect rule which allowed natives to execute judicial and executive decisions. The
British in Cameroons used indirect rule because it meant that Cameroonians would comply willingly rather than having to coercively force compliance. This was
641:
During the reunification period, the
Anglophone education system began to change as Francophone teachers came to the former British Cameroons. However, because of the language barrier, the teachers would only speak in French or pidgin which hindered the educational development of students. During
600:
The legal system established during the colonial era continues to be implemented, specifically, customary laws and the two legal systems. As the community development programmes grew, there was a large delay in educational efforts because
British Cameroons ". . .had no secondary school in the
113:
119:
121:
120:
107:
111:
112:
118:
117:
114:
108:
106:
115:
104:
103:
102:
101:
105:
116:
110:
109:
509:) and the other would be British administered (British Cameroons). The British were more concerned with other areas of Africa, specifically Nigeria. Thus, the French gained a larger portion of Cameroon when the country was divided.
505:. During World War I, French and British troops invaded the German colony Kamerun (Present day Cameroon) and decided to divide the German colony into two regions. One of the regions would be French administered (
3001:
585:. The object of trusteeship was to prepare the lands for eventual independence. The United Nations approved the Trusteeship Agreements for British Cameroons to be governed by Britain on 6 December 1946.
100:
597:
In
British Cameroons, European immigrants were subject to the laws of their home country while natives of Cameroons were held to customary law which was typically overseen by British administrators.
3284:
2812:
553:. Northern Cameroons consisted of two non-contiguous sections, divided by a point where the Nigerian and Cameroun borders met. In the 1930s, most of the white population consisted of
3334:
1217:
710:
557:, who were interned in British camps starting in June 1940. The native population of 400,000 showed little interest in volunteering for the British forces; only 3,500 men did so.
3060:
1671:
3319:
618:
Upon reunification with French
Cameroon, Anglophone Cameroonians "made up about 20% of the federal populationβ¦their French counterparts made up a majority at 80 percent".
2385:
99:
3309:
3314:
2544:
2972:
2955:
2833:
615:
the
Kamerun National Democratic Party (KNDP) as the French were not concerned because southern Cameroon did not align with the French community established.
564:
Detailed map of Cameroons under United Kingdom trusteeship, 1949, showing provinces, districts and towns. Produced by the Survey Department, Lagos, Nigeria.
2424:
2114:
2108:
1186:
National Service Memoirs of a National Serviceman who served in the British Cameroons at the time of the vote to join with the French Cameroons or Nigeria
1210:
642:
this period, there began to be preference and domination of the French language as English language certificates became replaced by French certificates.
610:
British territory. As colonizers of Nigeria, the British desired for the two to be united. After some discussion (which had been going on since 1959), a
2170:
3329:
3294:
1118:
3279:
3053:
940:
Ndille, R. N.; Litt, D. (2018). "British and French Implementation of Colonial Educational policies in Cameroon 1916-1961: A Comparative Analysis".
2979:
Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
1092:
Njung, George N. (1 December 2019). "The British Cameroons Mandate Regime: The Roots of the Twenty-First-Century Political Crisis in Cameroon".
760:
Njung, George N. (1 December 2019). "The British Cameroons Mandate Regime: The Roots of the Twenty-First-Century Political Crisis in Cameroon".
3324:
2018:
655:
3299:
2379:
1203:
2717:
2327:
1553:
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646:
replaced it with a Unitary Constitution." The Foumban Accord "was the basis of Cameroon's post-independence Federal Constitution".
3289:
3046:
2657:
1439:
1324:
2375:
3304:
961:"One Country, Three Colonial Legacies: The Politics of Colonialism, Capitalism and Development in the Pre- and Post-Colonial Cameroon"
601:
territory." Secondary education was largely the work of missionaries such as St. Joseph College which opened in Sasse, Buea, in 1939.
582:
995:
Mokube, Eric (2012). "Diplomacy and Nation-Building in Africa: Franco-British Relations and Cameroon at the End of Empire (review)".
3102:
2537:
1730:
1053:
856:
Lee, Alexander; Schultz, Kenneth A. (2011). "Comparing British and French Colonial Legacies: A Discontinuity Analysis of Cameroon".
611:
1138:
Awasom, Nicodemus Fru (1998). "Colonial Background to the Development of Autonomist Tendencies in Anglophone Cameroon, 1946-1961".
902:
Kwo, Emil Molindo (1984). "Community Education and Community Development in Cameroon: The British Colonial Experience, 1922-1961".
3212:
2410:
2397:
578:
2626:
2357:
1956:
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2448:
2062:
1773:
1457:
795:
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1583:
1515:
68:
3274:
3269:
2530:
1980:
1904:
1880:
1874:
1231:
131:
1174:
2947:
2613:
1463:
429:
425:
179:
56:
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2102:
3264:
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2297:
2008:
1683:
1653:
1411:
1195:
530:
393:
284:
142:
31:
2800:
2508:
2455:
2363:
2321:
2285:
2239:
1854:
1503:
1445:
626:
1065:
Njeuma, Martin Z. (1995). "Reunification and Political Opportunism in the Making of Cameroon's Independence".
3225:
1686:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
3180:
3107:
3094:
3017:
2849:
2724:
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2339:
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1942:
1886:
1262:
3124:
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2469:
2345:
2309:
2081:
2069:
1968:
1848:
1836:
1724:
1679:
1667:
1298:
622:
3088:
3027:
2633:
1788:
1565:
1547:
1356:
1287:
1027:
331:
736:
3144:
2976:; Ascension Island (1922β) and Tristan da Cunha (1938β) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.
2938:
2756:
2669:
2603:
2581:
2482:
2442:
2351:
2315:
2253:
2178:
1930:
1866:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1191:
Cameroons under British Administration Trusteeship Documents β UN Documentation: Trusteeship Council
560:
2417:
2220:
2127:
2075:
1962:
1950:
1918:
1830:
1621:
1533:
494:
397:
3023:
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2202:
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2140:
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2012:
1559:
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1350:
1330:
1256:
1147:
1074:
1012:
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549:
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401:
3038:
3195:
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2227:
2192:
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1754:
1738:
1577:
1571:
1521:
1491:
1049:
861:
857:
574:
534:
91:
86:
3185:
3159:
3154:
2980:
2913:
2905:
2897:
2825:
2736:
2704:
2591:
2391:
2303:
2088:
1614:
1607:
1509:
1394:
1339:
1101:
1004:
972:
911:
810:
796:"French and British Colonial Legacies in Education: Evidence from the Partition of Cameroon"
769:
166:
444:
3164:
2933:
2710:
2639:
2430:
2369:
2208:
1892:
1794:
1497:
702:
629:
on 1 June 1961, while Southern Cameroons became West Cameroon, a constituent state of the
506:
469:
187:
2818:
2806:
2651:
2267:
2196:
2185:
1974:
1936:
1842:
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1800:
1766:
1304:
1227:
688:
390:
175:
171:
146:
1190:
3258:
3139:
2859:
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1860:
1744:
1016:
674:
498:
413:
183:
822:
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1898:
1633:
1540:
1479:
1473:
1020:
977:
960:
490:
417:
199:
17:
1031:
875:
Jua, Nantang Ben (1995). "Indirect Rule in Colonial and Post-Colonial Cameroon".
98:
3006:
2502:
2403:
2214:
1818:
1718:
1433:
1427:
1008:
518:
409:
220:
2279:
2260:
2003:
1782:
1401:
1318:
814:
664:
577:
ceased to exist in 1946, most of the mandate territories were reclassified as
3240:
3227:
2925:
1778:
1527:
1311:
715:
915:
1169:
1105:
773:
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233:
1024:
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1467:
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443:
206:
1824:
156:
3042:
2877:
2789:
2526:
2035:
1707:
1382:
1275:
1199:
656:
List of colonial governors of Cameroon Β§ British Cameroons
737:"The Nigerian States that Formed Parts of Northern Cameroons"
942:
International Journal for Research in Educational Studies
541:
and the British territory was administered as two areas,
711:
Postage stamps and postal history of British Cameroons
2011:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the
3285:
Former British colonies and protectorates in Africa
3173:
3132:
3081:
1181:
The road to the unitary state of Cameroon 1959β1972
408:. Today, the Northern Cameroons forms parts of the
366:
280:
270:
265:
244:
230:
216:
194:
162:
152:
138:
39:
1044:Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999)
959:Lekane, Gillo Momo; Asuelime, Lucky (June 2017).
424:, while the Southern Cameroons forms part of the
485:The area of present-day Cameroon was claimed by
30:"Cameroons" redirects here. For other uses, see
3335:States and territories disestablished in 1961
3054:
2538:
1211:
8:
2973:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
2956:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
2834:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
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3039:
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2560:
2545:
2531:
2523:
2032:
1704:
1379:
1272:
1218:
1204:
1196:
130:
36:
3320:1922 establishments in the British Empire
976:
537:in 1922. The French mandate was known as
2017:Legitimacy of territorial establishment
1120:Parties and Politics in Northern Nigeria
727:
276:89,526 km (34,566 sq mi)
269:
264:
3002:Historical flags of the British Empire
2986:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985
581:, henceforth administered through the
497:" at the end of the 19th century. The
1133:
1131:
1129:
990:
988:
735:El-Sudi, Ibrahim Tukur (2019-04-20).
633:, later that year on 1 October 1961.
243:
229:
225:
7:
1046:Elections in Africa: A data handbook
935:
933:
851:
849:
847:
845:
837:The Oxford Companion to World War II
789:
787:
785:
783:
2813:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands
1656:. British Cameroons is now part of
533:to Great Britain and France by the
1672:unilaterally declared independence
1367:1708β1757, 1763β1782 and 1798β1802
794:Dupraz, Yannick (September 2019).
583:United Nations Trusteeship Council
25:
3310:CameroonβUnited Kingdom relations
2879:Antarctica and the South Atlantic
2858:Occupied by Argentina during the
27:British mandate from 1916 to 1961
3330:1961 disestablishments in Africa
3315:NigeriaβUnited Kingdom relations
3295:United Nations trust territories
3213:United Nations Trust Territories
3123:
3022:
3013:
3012:
2425:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1168:
965:Journal for Contemporary History
695:
681:
667:
579:United Nations trust territories
350:
336:
311:
96:
67:
55:
3280:Historical geography of Nigeria
803:The Journal of Economic History
2921:Australian Antarctic Territory
1777:since 1965 (before as part of
1774:British Indian Ocean Territory
1660:, while Tanganyika is part of
1291:since 1960 (before as part of
1140:Journal of Third World Studies
1094:The American Historical Review
762:The American Historical Review
621:Northern Cameroons became the
521:, it was occupied by British,
448:Cameroon from 1901–1972
1:
3325:1922 establishments in Africa
904:Community Development Journal
3300:Former British protectorates
1232:British Overseas Territories
978:10.18820/24150509/JCH42.v1.8
631:Federal Republic of Cameroon
2948:British Antarctic Territory
2658:Western Pacific Territories
1123:, Routledge, 1968, page 155
1009:10.2979/africatoday.59.2.94
3351:
3290:League of Nations mandates
2686:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
2103:British Arctic Territories
653:
612:UN-administered plebiscite
29:
3305:Former colonies in Africa
3209:
3121:
2997:
2966:
2926:Commonwealth of Australia
2884:
2873:
2844:
2796:
2785:
2751:
2558:
2522:
2328:Newfoundland and Labrador
2042:
2031:
2009:League of Nations mandate
1990:
1714:
1703:
1684:Lancaster House Agreement
1654:League of Nations mandate
1643:
1389:
1378:
1282:
1271:
1238:
815:10.1017/S0022050719000299
531:League of Nations mandate
513:League of Nations mandate
290:
285:British West Africa pound
261:
226:
129:
81:
51:
46:
32:Cameroon (disambiguation)
2456:Turks and Caicos Islands
1763:(protectorate) 1907β1949
1335:(integrated into the UK)
246:β’ Integration into
2739:1919β1942 and 1945β1968
2564:18th and 19th centuries
2380:Queen Charlotte Islands
2340:North-Western Territory
2312:1665β1674 and 1702β1776
1915:1781β1784 and 1795β1819
1580:1923β1965 and 1979β1980
1263:Commonwealth of Nations
462: British Cameroons
2489:West Indies Federation
1678:) and continued as an
1261:Current member of the
565:
482:
2411:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1682:state until the 1979
1288:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
563:
447:
332:Federation of Nigeria
163:Common languages
2939:Realm of New Zealand
2937:(transferred to the
2924:(transferred to the
2757:Realm of New Zealand
2358:Prince Edward Island
2236:1671β1816, 1833β1960
1177:at Wikimedia Commons
916:10.1093/cdj/19.4.204
529:troops, and a later
501:named the territory
479:Republic of Cameroon
3275:History of Cameroon
3270:British West Africa
3237: /
2970:Since 2009 part of
2862:of AprilβJune 1982.
2449:Trinidad and Tobago
2063:Antigua and Barbuda
1963:Straits Settlements
1106:10.1093/ahr/rhz1025
774:10.1093/ahr/rhz1025
495:Scramble for Africa
398:British West Africa
3191:South Seas Mandate
2122:Cape Breton Island
2013:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
1855:Unfederated States
1670:Southern Rhodesia
1257:Commonwealth realm
566:
550:Southern Cameroons
544:Northern Cameroons
483:
406:Southern Cameroons
402:Northern Cameroons
92:God Save the Queen
18:Northern Cameroons
3220:
3219:
3196:South West Africa
3150:British Cameroons
3103:Syria and Lebanon
3074:League of Nations
3036:
3035:
2993:
2992:
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2868:
2801:Providence Island
2781:
2780:
2746:
2745:
2614:Western Australia
2582:Van Diemen's Land
2518:
2517:
2495:Associated States
2193:Columbia District
2027:
2026:
1881:Manila and Cavite
1699:
1698:
1578:Southern Rhodesia
1572:South-West Africa
1522:Northern Rhodesia
1434:Cape of Good Hope
1374:
1373:
1251:Current territory
1175:British Cameroons
1173:Media related to
1021:Project MUSE
623:Sardauna Province
575:League of Nations
535:League of Nations
430:Southwest regions
383:British Cameroons
380:
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87:God Save the King
41:British Cameroons
16:(Redirected from
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3155:French Cameroons
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3015:
2981:Antarctic Treaty
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2914:Falkland Islands
2906:Tristan da Cunha
2898:Ascension Island
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2755:Now part of the
2627:Pitcairn Islands
2592:Auckland Islands
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2533:
2524:
2509:Windward Islands
2463:Vancouver Island
2240:MassachusettsBay
2109:British Columbia
2033:
1849:Federated States
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1615:Tristan da Cunha
1584:Southern Nigeria
1516:Northern Nigeria
1395:Ascension Island
1380:
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1100:(5): 1715β1722.
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210:(northern area)
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2567:20th century
2483:West Florida
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2386:Rhode Island
2364:Pennsylvania
2322:Newfoundland
2259:
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2134:East Florida
2105:16th c.β1880
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1943:Crown Colony
1931:Pulo Condore
1905:Crown Colony
1899:North Borneo
1772:
1731:Protectorate
1680:unrecognised
1674:in 1965 (as
1613:
1566:South Africa
1554:Sierra Leone
1541:Saint Helena
1539:
1534:Orange River
1421:
1412:Bechuanaland
1393:
1351:Protectorate
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1003:(2): 94β98.
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839:(1995) p 163
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744:. Retrieved
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493:during the "
491:protectorate
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301:Succeeded by
300:
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272:β’ Total
240:20 July 1916
236:partitioned
200:Christianity
145:of the
82:
74:Coat of arms
3244: /
3215:(post-1946)
3113:not enacted
3108:Mesopotamia
3095:Transjordan
3076:(1919β1946)
3007:Anglosphere
2725:New Zealand
2634:New Zealand
2503:West Jersey
2418:Saint Lucia
2404:Saint Kitts
2398:Saint Croix
2378:1763β1791*
2346:Nova Scotia
2292:New England
2248:, 1691β1776
2215:East Jersey
2203:Connecticut
2082:Bay Islands
1969:Transjordan
1887:Mesopotamia
1725:Afghanistan
1719:Aden Colony
1504:Niger Coast
1470:) 1874β1957
1446:East Africa
1428:Cape Colony
1418:) 1884β1966
1408:) 1868β1966
519:World War I
296:Preceded by
221:World War I
180:Grassfields
94:(1952β1961)
89:(1916β1952)
3259:Categories
3211:See also:
3181:New Guinea
3145:Tanganyika
2959:since 1908
2951:since 1908
2917:since 1833
2909:since 1816
2901:since 1815
2893:since 1658
2850:department
2837:since 1908
2829:since 1833
2630:since 1838
2610:Swan River
2604:Queensland
2491:1958β1962
2473:since 1666
2459:since 1799
2310:New Jersey
2280:New Albion
2264:since 1632
2261:Montserrat
2242:1629β1691
2189:since 1670
2111:1858β1866
2099:since 1619
2051:since 1650
2004:Bangladesh
1939:1841β1946
1901:1882β1963
1867:Federation
1845:1819β1826
1783:Seychelles
1727:1839β1842
1618:since 1816
1602:Tanganyika
1560:Somaliland
1548:Seychelles
1544:since 1658
1464:Gold Coast
1458:The Gambia
1402:Basutoland
1398:since 1815
1340:Free State
1333:1542β1800
1319:Heligoland
1315:since 1713
1032:1281851956
948:(5): 1β18.
746:2020-04-25
722:References
169:(official)
3089:Palestine
2943:1841β1947
2930:1841β1933
2821:1831β1966
2815:1670β1688
2809:1651β1667
2803:1631β1641
2733:1914β1962
2727:1907β1947
2720:1901β1942
2718:Australia
2713:1900β1974
2707:1900β1970
2695:1893β1978
2688:1892β1979
2682:1889β1948
2676:1888β1901
2670:Rarotonga
2666:1884β1902
2660:1877β1976
2654:1874β1970
2648:1851β1901
2642:1846β1847
2636:1841β1907
2622:1836β1901
2616:1829β1901
2606:1824β1901
2600:1824β1980
2594:1807β1863
2588:1803β1901
2578:1788β1901
2511:1833β1960
2505:1674β1702
2497:1967β1983
2485:1763β1783
2479:1607β1776
2465:1849β1866
2451:1889β1962
2445:1862β1863
2439:1712β1776
2433:1635β1644
2427:1627β1979
2420:1605β1979
2413:1882β1983
2406:1623β1983
2400:1625β1650
2394:1670β1870
2388:1636β1776
2382:1853β1863
2372:1620β1691
2366:1681β1776
2360:1763β1873
2348:1713β1867
2342:1859β1870
2336:1712β1776
2330:1583β1907
2324:1907β1949
2318:1664β1776
2306:1637β1662
2304:New Haven
2300:1680β1776
2294:1686β1689
2288:1784β1867
2276:1628β1983
2270:1655β1860
2256:1632β1776
2230:1655β1962
2223:1733β1776
2217:1674β1702
2211:1701β1776
2205:1636β1776
2199:1818β1846
2181:1663β1712
2173:1867β1931
2167:1841β1867
2161:1791β1841
2155:1791β1841
2143:1762β1974
2136:1763β1783
2130:1763β1978
2124:1754β1820
2115:1866β1871
2091:1871β1981
2084:1643β1860
2078:1624β1966
2072:1670β1973
2065:1860β1981
2058:1632β1860
1983:1898β1930
1977:1892β1971
1971:1921β1946
1965:1826β1946
1959:1945β1946
1953:1946β1963
1951:Singapore
1945:1946β1963
1933:1702β1705
1927:1786β1946
1921:1923β1948
1919:Palestine
1907:1946β1963
1895:1891β1971
1889:1920β1932
1883:1762β1764
1877:1796β1965
1869:1948β1957
1863:1946β1948
1857:1885β1946
1851:1895β1946
1839:1848β1946
1833:1918β1961
1827:1811β1816
1821:1858β1947
1815:1841β1997
1813:Hong Kong
1809:1878β1960
1803:1795β1948
1797:1888β1984
1791:1824β1948
1779:Mauritius
1769:1874β1963
1757:1757β1947
1751:1812β1824
1741:1685β1824
1739:Bencoolen
1733:1879β1919
1721:1839β1967
1636:1887β1897
1630:1890β1963
1624:1890β1962
1610:1900β1910
1608:Transvaal
1604:1922β1961
1598:1899β1956
1592:1893β1968
1590:Swaziland
1586:1900β1914
1574:1915β1931
1568:1910β1931
1562:1884β1960
1556:1792β1961
1550:1903β1976
1536:1900β1910
1530:1891β1964
1528:Nyasaland
1524:1924β1964
1518:1900β1914
1512:1914β1960
1506:1884β1900
1500:1856β1910
1494:1810β1968
1492:Mauritius
1488:1807β1808
1482:1862β1906
1476:1920β1963
1460:1816β1965
1454:1882β1922
1448:1895β1920
1442:1891β1907
1436:1806β1910
1430:1795β1803
1424:1919β1961
1422:Cameroons
1359:1813β1964
1353:1800β1813
1342:1921β1931
1327:1809β1864
1321:1807β1890
1312:Gibraltar
1307:1878β1960
1301:1794β1796
1255:*Current
1073:: 27β37.
1017:142614803
883:: 39β47.
716:Ambazonia
650:Governors
573:When the
426:Northwest
195:Religion
47:1916β1961
3241:6Β°N 10Β°E
3070:Mandates
3018:Category
2854:Colombia
2769:Kiribati
2646:Victoria
2586:Tasmania
2477:Virginia
2443:Stickeen
2431:Saybrook
2370:Plymouth
2316:New York
2254:Maryland
2246:Province
2209:Delaware
2179:Carolina
2171:Dominion
2165:Province
2128:Dominica
2076:Barbados
2048:Anguilla
2019:disputed
2000:Pakistan
1875:Maldives
1749:Billiton
1676:Rhodesia
1662:Tanzania
1658:Cameroon
1634:Zululand
1628:Zanzibar
1416:Botswana
1152:45197789
1079:40341690
1067:Paideuma
1028:ProQuest
924:44256284
889:40341691
877:Paideuma
823:28463640
661:See also
539:Cameroun
434:Cameroon
371:Cameroon
346:Cameroon
281:Currency
252:Cameroon
3174:Class C
3133:Class B
3082:Class A
3072:of the
3009:culture
2763:Vanuatu
2553:Oceania
2228:Jamaica
2221:Georgia
2141:Grenada
2096:Bermuda
2070:Bahamas
2056:Antigua
1937:Sarawak
1649:Namibia
1510:Nigeria
1486:Madeira
1406:Lesotho
1365:Minorca
1331:Ireland
1299:Corsica
1226:Former
1048:, p177
862:1903316
555:Germans
527:Belgian
517:During
503:Kamerun
487:Germany
440:History
422:Nigeria
414:Adamawa
394:mandate
391:British
375:Nigeria
319:Kamerun
248:Nigeria
234:Kamerun
232:β’
167:English
153:Capital
143:Mandate
83:Anthem:
3028:Portal
2848:Now a
2819:Guiana
2773:Tuvalu
2376:Quebec
2148:Canada
2089:Belize
1981:Weihai
1925:Penang
1913:Padang
1843:Malaya
1837:Labuan
1831:Kuwait
1807:Cyprus
1801:Ceylon
1795:Brunei
1767:Borneo
1761:Bhutan
1755:Bengal
1691:Zambia
1622:Uganda
1384:Africa
1357:Colony
1347:Malta
1305:Cyprus
1293:Cyprus
1277:Europe
1243:Legend
1150:
1077:
1052:
1030:
1025:494435
1023:
1015:
922:
887:
860:
821:
523:French
477:
475:
468:
466:
460:
453:
451:
389:was a
188:Kanuri
139:Status
85:
3246:6; 10
3186:Nauru
2771:and *
2737:Nauru
2731:Samoa
2705:Tonga
2664:Papua
2274:Nevis
2159:Upper
2153:Lower
1996:India
1861:Union
1819:India
1789:Burma
1745:Banka
1596:Sudan
1498:Natal
1480:Lagos
1474:Kenya
1468:Ghana
1452:Egypt
1148:JSTOR
1075:JSTOR
1013:S2CID
971:(1).
920:JSTOR
885:JSTOR
819:S2CID
799:(PDF)
489:as a
410:Borno
207:Islam
176:Oroko
172:Duala
3232:10Β°E
2767:Now
2761:Now
2711:Niue
2652:Fiji
2354:1843
2282:1579
2002:and
1994:Now
1825:Java
1781:and
1747:and
1709:Asia
1689:Now
1647:Now
1050:ISBN
858:SSRN
547:and
525:and
428:and
416:and
404:and
266:Area
250:and
184:Fula
157:Buea
62:Flag
3229:6Β°N
2852:of
1102:doi
1098:124
1005:doi
973:doi
912:doi
811:doi
770:doi
766:124
625:of
432:of
420:of
385:or
3261::
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1001:59
999:.
987:^
969:42
967:.
963:.
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918:.
908:19
906:.
881:41
879:.
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817:.
807:79
805:.
801:.
782:^
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2416:*
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2226:*
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2054:*
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