433:
learned
Esperanto as he deciphered Haugen's handwriting, entered records and kept the computer running. Despite eventually becoming fluent in Esperanto, he did not have sufficient knowledge of Esperanto to revise the materials further. Here the elderly, experienced Nils Utne came into the picture. He systematized the materials, and devised workable technical solutions for ordering the great data corpus to generate a dictionary. It was a major endeavour he devoted years of life to, but did not accomplish, before he died in 1999.
441:, it was difficult to proceed efficiently. Those with such expertise had other obligations that demanded most of their time and work capacity. Still, the club had chosen a dictionary committee that was committed to push the project forward. In order that the work would not stagnate, they began proofreading at club meetings and on their days off from work. This attracted many participants for several years, but the corpus was huge, and the feeling of inadequacy had slowed the work when
407:
Towards the end of his life he was encouraged to see young people joining the greybeards of the GET, the
Trondheim Esperanto club. He proclaimed jovially, "You have much to learn when it comes to Esperanto." He donated all his notes to GET, with a plea to handle the materials carefully, as he had not
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Haugen planned these notations as the basis of an eventual revision of the
Esperanto dictionary. Because he planned to make the revision himself, he only noted words and idioms he observed in actual use. He did not evaluate them for inclusion in the printed dictionary, a task he postponed till it was
374:
In the 1930s
Ragnvald Rian had edited the first Norwegian-Esperanto dictionary. With the collaboration of Erling Anker Haugen, a second edition was published in 1963. As many Esperantists in Norway now complain that this book is old, lacks many ordinary words and has an old-fashioned character that
399:
The younger of the 1963 edition authors, Erling Haugen, began even before the dictionary was published to collect words and expressions from
Esperanto journals and other literature. Those not already in the dictionary were carefully recorded on the blank pages in the specially bound copies. Haugen
432:
The work was slow, and the editorial committee saw no end to their task. One of the
Esperanto students in Trondheim, Agnar Tore Vaaje, took an interest in the old notes and was also interested in finding a practical technical solution. Together with Nils Utne and Ulf Lunde, he set to work. Vaaje
395:
When the 1963 book was published, two copies were bound with extra blank pages sewn between the leaves of the book. The idea had been to complete the books with new words and expressions that could not be found in the printed pages. The notations were to eventually find a new home in a future,
428:
legacy and received a grant of 35,000 kroner to help purchase a computer and to make a usable computer program for entering the data, beginning with the previously typeset book. Haugen's handwritten notations would be clarified and transcribed later, which later proved easier said than done.
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met the non-Norwegian delegates as they arrived at the Østbane railway station. The king jokingly remarked that the
Esperantists were easy to get along with, but it was impossible to understand what they were saying. The 76th Congress, held in Bergen in 1991, drew 2,400 delegates.
46:(UEA), the association has a permanent office in Oslo (also used by the Esperanto club of Oslo) and local subgroups scattered around the country. The Grupo Esperantista de Trondheim (Norwegian: Trondheim Esperantoklubb), for example, celebrated its centennial on June 16, 2007.
92:, another constructed language. Having been active in the Volapük movement for ten years, he came to prefer Esperanto and became an enthusiastic proponent for Esperanto as the ideal international language. Midthus attended the first
181:
but were revived again in the mid-1920s. By the 1930s the
Norwegian Esperanto League had grown to a membership of several thousand, with activities throughout Norway and with many participants in Esperanto courses.
436:
After the death of Utne, the GET tried in several ways to revive the dictionary project. Because carrying out the work required a person possessing both technical knowledge of work methods and subject knowledge in
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may tend to put
Esperanto in a bad light, the Norwegian Esperanto League has made its top priority the publication of a new dictionary. They have delegated the task to an editorial committee from the
169:
After the founding of the NEL, Norwegian
Esperantists began a comprehensive program of language promotion and instruction. One of the early results (1912) was that Esperanto become an
235:
Certain German soldiers who knew Esperanto sometimes tried to make contact with the underground group but were politely turned away because of the war situation and the danger that
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111:, an organization devoted to ending the consumption of alcohol, had established lodges in Scandinavia beginning in 1877. The Swedish parliamentarian
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been able to evaluate the quality of the collection he had amassed, a task he left for new generations. On his death in 1989, the tireless
195:
108:
611:
424:, Ulf Lunde had contemplated organizing the word corpus into a database. The Trondheim Esperanto club (GET) had sought funds from the
35:. The league has a modest size of a couple of hundred members, and work done within NEL is mostly voluntary. The youth wing of NEL is
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and the elected cabinet. With this legitimized government in exile in England, the occupying Nazis vested de facto power in
263:, and the NEL emerged a relatively strong organization. Esperanto was accepted as a subject for college study. In 1952 the
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The Norwegian Esperanto League was founded January 27, 1911 after earlier groundwork had been laid some years earlier by
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Persecuted Esperantists was forced underground but nevertheless continued with private meetings and study circles. In
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232:, in fact, the Norwegian Esperanto League successfully arranged a clandestine meeting in 1942 for 70 NEL delegates.
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Erling Haugen left the GET his materials containing over 20,000 words not found in the earlier 1963 dictionary.
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sailor who spoke Esperanto knocked on the door of the Bergen Esperanto club seeking assistance in fleeing to
115:, the international president of the IOGT, wrote a series of articles on Esperanto for the IOGT publication
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time for a new edition. After some time, however, he realized he would not live to see a new edition.
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the NEL, along with other Esperantist groups, is making more and more information available on the
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134:). He lectured on Esperanto, which brought many new members to Kristiania's Esperanto club.
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107:) was established. The first members were students and temperance activists. The
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Affiliated with the largest international Esperanto organization, the
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attendees heard a talk on Esperanto history in Norway delivered by
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247:. The Bergen club helped him, and he later became a member of the
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157:, and some members began to think of a national organization of
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153:(1910). The club began in 1909 the publication of the journal
358:. At the same time as the organization continues to publish
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In the following years several new clubs were founded in
23:
Norwegian Esperanto League) was founded in 1911. As the
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faced if exposed. In 1942, however, a deserting German
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Ellen Matland seminar on Norwegian Esperanto history
279:
In November 2006, Norwegian Esperantists arranged a
130:) visited the Royal Frederick University (now the
177:in Bergen. Esperanto activities broke off during
607:Contact information for NEL and affiliate clubs
463:"International Order of Good Templars history"
49:Since 1985 the NEL has published a magazine,
8:
400:continued with this labour until his death.
259:After the war Esperanto flowered again in
190:In 1936 Esperanto had been prohibited in
612:Article on Haldor Midthus (in Esperanto)
602:Courses and books for learning Esperanto
454:
96:in 1905 a few months before his death.
354:. The current president of the NEL is
318:Today the NEL has active branches in
7:
499:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
109:International Order of Good Templars
99:In 1906 the first Esperanto club in
271:, attracted 1,600 delegates. King
208:delegate all legislative authority
80:. In 1886 Midthus, a teacher from
14:
592:(News of Esperanto, in Norwegian)
487:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
267:, held in Oslo's newly completed
627:National Esperanto organizations
598:, Esperantist youth organization
383:, Jardar Eggesbø Abrahamsen and
283:by telephone among delegates in
221:and in the puppet government of
198:beginning on April 9, 1940, the
377:Grupo Esperantista de Trondheim
255:Postwar developments in Norway
1:
596:Norvega Junularo Esperantista
265:37th World Esperanto Congress
37:Norvega Junularo Esperantista
490:"Temperance Movements"
249:Swedish Esperanto Federation
202:met in emergency session at
391:Erling Anker Haugen's notes
122:In 1907 the German chemist
59:Norwegian Esperanto history
44:Universala Esperanto-Asocio
643:
126:(who was later to win the
583:Norvega Esperantista Ligo
536:Jardar Eggesbø Abrahamsen
356:Jardar Eggesbø Abrahamsen
206:and unanimously voted to
17:Norvega Esperantista Ligo
510:Norsk esperanto-historie
94:World Esperanto Congress
21:Norsk Esperanto-Forbund,
445:came into the picture.
443:Kjell Heggvold Ullestad
420:Already in the time of
385:Kjell Heggvold Ullestad
55:(six issues per year).
530:Norwegian Esperantists
370:Esperanto dictionaries
561:Johan Hammond Rosbach
496:Catholic Encyclopedia
416:Computerized database
390:
360:Norvega Esperantisto,
173:at a business school
64:Early history to 1911
379:(GET) consisting of
200:Norwegian parliament
196:occupation of Norway
52:Norvega Esperantisto
541:Erling Anker Haugen
422:Erling Anker Haugen
132:University of Oslo
29:Esperanto movement
546:Torstein Kvakland
396:revised edition.
194:. After the Nazi
117:Goodtemplarbladet
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465:. Archived from
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165:Between the wars
155:Esperanto-bladet
113:Edvard Wavrinski
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281:conference call
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223:Vidkun Quisling
216:Reichskommissar
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171:elective course
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124:Wilhelm Ostwald
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12:
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5:
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589:Esperanto Nytt
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577:External links
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556:Haldor Midthus
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309:teleconference
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219:Josef Terboven
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175:(handelsskole)
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88:, had learned
70:Haldor Midthus
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566:Ragnvald Rian
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469:on 2007-09-28
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72:(1841-1906),
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551:Elna Matland
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471:. Retrieved
467:the original
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439:lexicography
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398:
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381:Herman Ranes
373:
359:
332:Kristiansand
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313:Elna Matland
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241:Kriegsmarine
237:Esperantists
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227:
192:Nazi Germany
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186:World War II
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159:Esperantists
154:
136:
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116:
98:
67:
50:
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41:
20:
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15:
179:World War I
149:(1909) and
128:Nobel Prize
78:Esperantist
27:arm of the
571:Tron Øgrim
473:2008-03-18
426:Rolf Uhlen
273:Haakon VII
230:Vestlandet
212:Haakon VII
101:Kristiania
352:Trondheim
344:Stavanger
340:Sarpsborg
297:Trondheim
293:Stavanger
269:city hall
151:Stavanger
139:Trondheim
86:Hordaland
76:'s first
33:Esperanto
25:Norwegian
621:Category
364:Internet
210:to King
145:(1907),
141:(1907),
307:); the
204:Elverum
90:Volapük
348:Tromsø
320:Bergen
305:Hemnes
301:Korgen
289:Bergen
261:Norway
245:Sweden
147:Bergen
143:Narvik
74:Norway
449:Notes
328:Hamar
324:Bryne
103:(now
350:and
336:Oslo
299:and
285:Oslo
105:Oslo
84:in
623::
493:.
387:.
366:.
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82:Os
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303:(
19:(
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