442:
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before the use of modern synthetic tannins. By 1907, the use of tanoak for tannin was subsiding due to the scarcity of large tanoak trees. There were not enough trees around for a worthwhile economic return. By the early 1960s, there were only a few natural tannin operations left in
California. The
374:
are alternate, 8–13 cm (3–5 in), with toothed margins and a hard, leathery texture. At first they are covered in dense orange-brown scurfy hairs on both sides, which wear off over time, more slowly on the underside of the leaf. The leaves will persist for three to four years.
441:
673:
people use the acorns to make meal, from which they would make mush, bread, biscuits, pancakes, and cakes. They also roast the acorns and eat them. Roasted, the seeds can be used as a coffee substitute.
421:
nut. The nut sits in a cup during its 18-month maturation; the outside surface of the cup is rough with short spines. The nuts are produced in clusters of a few together on a single stem.
1006:
2417:
2412:
1356:
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1925:
624:. It is susceptible to wildfire and wounds that are exploited by rot fungi. It is one of the species most seriously affected by the disease "sudden oak death" (
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830:
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1873:
945:
2289:
2105:
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1129:
1045:
966:
Merriam, C. Hart 1966 Ethnographic Notes on
California Indian Tribes. University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley (p. 200)
499:
in southwest Oregon are smaller, rarely exceeding 3 m (9 ft 10 in) in height and often shrubby, with smaller leaves, 4–7 cm (
1951:
678:
reports that despite their bitterness they are easy to dry, grind, and leach and produce a better-tasting flour than do acorns of oaks in the
1067:
806:
650:
463:
2402:
1089:
2392:
864:"Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status of the paleoendemic Fagaceae of Western North America: recognition of a new genus,
2302:
2131:
2037:
1899:
363:, though 15–25 m (49–82 ft) is more usual, and can have a trunk diameter of 60–190 centimeters (24–75 inches). The
92:
709:
The wood is strong and sometimes used as lumber, but suitable trees are usually inaccessible. It is also used as firewood.
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1041:
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1930:
1019:
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1964:
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351:. It ranges from 15–40 meters (49–131 feet) in height, with a trunk diameter of 60–190 centimeters (24–75 inches).
1079:
429:
2201:
1969:
703:
industry was beginning to switch to a synthetic alternative. The tree's tannins has been used as an astringent.
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Fine hairs on the young leaves and twigs discourage deer from eating them. Various animals, including
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428:. It has a circumference of 7.9 m (26 ft), is about 2.51 m (8 ft 3 in) in
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1990:
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prefer this nut to those of many oak acorns because it stores well due to the comparatively high
270:
87:
559:), based on multiple lines of evidence. It is most closely related to the north temperate oaks (
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1938:
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812:
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432:, and is 37 m (121 ft) tall with an average crown spread of 17 m (56 ft).
1943:
925:
Sudden Oak Death at
University of California, Riverside, Center for Invasive Species Research
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with the type in northwest
California and southwest Oregon. Tanoak grows as a shrub on
536:
424:
Currently, the largest known tanoak specimen is on private timberland near the town of
322:
117:
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1341:
1301:
1158:
736:
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1982:
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794:
Northwest Trees: Identifying & Understanding the Region's Native Trees
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2209:
2016:
1977:
1830:
1731:
1604:
1459:
1271:
1241:
634:
608:. It grows from sea level to elevations of 1,200 m (3,900 ft).
577:
326:
176:
143:
1005:
University of
California Oak Woodland Management: Home Url = ucanr.edu
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2097:
1878:
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166:
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A mulch made from the leaves of the tanoak can repel grubs and slugs.
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371:
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1018:
Tappeiner, John C.; McDonald, Philip M.; Roy, Douglass F. (1990).
658:
645:
The nut kernel is very bitter, and is inedible for people without
418:
414:
383:
104:
630:), with high mortality reported over much of the species' range.
580:), the name is written as 'tanoak' because it is not a true oak.
2074:
1692:
1618:
1568:
1517:
1464:
670:
569:, where it was previously placed), but instead is an example of
379:
1811:
1111:
1007:
Reference page = Does It Make Cents to
Process Tanoak to Lumber
563:) and not as closely related to the Asian tropical stone oaks (
491:
Members of populations in interior
California (in the northern
1276:
411:
974:
972:
941:
Plants used by the
Indians of Mendocino County, California
980:
Reference page = Herb latin name: Lithocarpus pachyphylla
862:
Manos, Paul S.; Cannon, Charles H.; Oh, Sang-Hun (2008).
410: in) long and 2 cm in diameter, very similar to an
527: in) long; these are separated as "dwarf tanoak",
1026:. In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.).
417:, but with a very hard, woody nut shell more like a
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2006:
1820:
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751:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T62005598A62005616.en
551:By 2008, the species was moved into a new genus,
27:Species of flowering plant in the family Fagaceae
791:Arno, Stephen F.; Hammerly, Ramona P. (2020) .
2418:Natural history of the California Coast Ranges
359:It can reach 40 meters (130 feet) tall in the
1123:
1048:(USDA) – via Southern Research Station.
995:. Forager's Harvest Press. pp. 162, 165.
8:
367:is fissured, and ranges from gray to brown.
2413:Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
1808:
1337:
1130:
1116:
1108:
691:refers to its tannin-rich bark, a type of
253:
66:
42:
31:
923:http://cisr.ucr.edu/sudden_oak_death.html
749:
1046:United States Department of Agriculture
718:
437:
2398:Plants used in Native American cuisine
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7:
2383:IUCN Red List least concern species
737:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2202:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60451161-2
1970:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60451160-2
1090:University of California, Berkeley
576:While related to oaks (as well as
339:. It is native to the far western
25:
797:(field guide ed.). Seattle:
637:, deer, and bears, eat the nuts.
2334:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:215751-2
1095:Interactive Distribution Map of
1061:
831:"Tanoak Lithocarpus densiflorus"
588:It is native to the far western
462:
440:
91:
1:
684:genus that he has processed.
2038:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
2008:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
1068:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
1042:United States Forest Service
730:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
529:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
482:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
310:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
263:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
247:) Manos, Cannon & S.H.Oh
233:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
18:Notholithocarpus densiflorus
1103:Forest Service Fire Ecology
2434:
946:Government Printing Office
887:10.3120/0024-9637-55.3.181
203:Manos, Cannon & S.H.Oh
2403:Trees of Northern America
1766:Tizra heartwood and root
1299:Tanner's sumach leaves -
978:Natural Medicinal Herbs:
573:morphological evolution.
430:diameter at breast height
299:(Hook. & Arn.) Koidz.
291:(Hook. & Arn.) Rehder
276:
269:
261:
252:
229:
222:
88:Scientific classification
86:
64:
55:
50:
41:
34:
2393:Monotypic Fagales genera
1208:Myrtan or black marlock
1034:Silvics of North America
744:: e.T62005598A62005616.
313:, commonly known as the
1791:Anadenanthera colubrina
1097:Lithocarpus densiflorus
1081:Lithocarpus densiflorus
1075:Jepson Manual treatment
1022:Lithocarpus densiflorus
991:Thayer, Samuel (2010).
695:, used in the past for
361:California Coast Ranges
288:Lithocarpus densiflorus
1493:Myracrodruon urundeuva
1070:at Wikimedia Commons
592:, found in southwest
1530:Bergenia crassifolia
1252:Anogeissus latifolia
1234:hydrolysable tannins
936:Chesnut, Victor King
843:on December 13, 2010
801:. pp. 225–229.
726:Stritch, L. (2018).
627:Phytophthora ramorum
600:as far south as the
456:Berkeley, California
296:Synaedrys densiflora
2408:Flora of California
1771:Searsia pentaphylla
1581:Rumex hymenosepalus
1556:Coriaria myrtifolia
1305:or Chinese gall on
471:N. densiflorus
215:N. densiflorus
58:Conservation status
2240:Quercus densiflora
1783:Undetermined organ
1735:sp. bark and wood
1712:Quercus infectoria
1705:Quercus lusitanica
1656:Libidibia coriaria
1427:Conocarpus erectus
1287:Quercus macrolepis
1264:Terminalia chebula
1213:Eucalyptus redunca
799:Mountaineers Books
649:. Some California
620:and benefits from
280:Quercus densiflora
2370:
2369:
2171:Open Tree of Life
1939:Open Tree of Life
1814:Taxon identifiers
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1631:Senegalia catechu
1593:Quercus coccifera
1201:Acacia mollissima
1150:condensed tannins
1066:Media related to
904:on March 20, 2017
808:978-1-68051-329-5
602:Transverse Ranges
497:Klamath Mountains
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16:(Redirected from
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1852:Notholithocarpus
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1822:Notholithocarpus
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1759:Notholithocarpus
1740:Prosopis humilis
1422:Button mangrove
1391:Senna auriculata
1368:Acacia decurrens
1362:Acacia pycnantha
1338:
1259:Myrobalan fruit
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1088:photo database,
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1038:Washington, D.C.
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897:. Archived from
872:
866:Notholithocarpus
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848:
839:. Archived from
836:American Forests
827:
821:
820:
788:
763:
762:
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723:
651:Native Americans
604:and east in the
553:Notholithocarpus
541:serpentine soils
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36:Notholithocarpus
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1680:Moullava digyna
1668:Acacia nilotica
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1403:Acacia nilotica
1353:
1349:General :
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1327:
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1053:
1036:. Vol. 2.
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993:Nature's Garden
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667:Konkow language
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2360:wfo-0000290454
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1996:wfo-4000026285
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1747:Prosopis nigra
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1651:Divi-divi pod
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1057:External links
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881:(3): 181–190.
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618:shade tolerant
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535:. The variety
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448:N. densiflorus
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323:broadleaf tree
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1332:Other sources
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1302:Rhus coriaria
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948:. p. 405
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676:Samuel Thayer
672:
668:
664:
661:call the nut
660:
657:content. The
656:
652:
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631:
629:
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623:
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606:Sierra Nevada
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426:Ophir, Oregon
422:
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386:2–3 cm (
385:
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341:United States
338:
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73:Least Concern
63:
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37:
33:
30:
19:
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2007:
1821:
1789:
1769:
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1505:Salix caprea
1503:
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1401:
1389:
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1320:Tara spinosa
1318:
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1300:
1285:
1282:Valonia oak
1262:
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1211:
1199:
1196:Mimosa bark
1189:
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1166:arecatannins
1157:
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950:. Retrieved
940:
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918:
906:. Retrieved
899:the original
878:
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845:. Retrieved
841:the original
834:
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793:
757:November 19,
755:. Retrieved
741:
735:
729:
721:
708:
705:
688:
686:
679:
662:
659:Concow tribe
644:
632:
625:
622:disturbances
615:
587:
584:Distribution
575:
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550:
532:
528:
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377:
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334:
331:type species
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150:
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124:
111:
35:
29:
2119:iNaturalist
2032:Wikispecies
1846:Wikispecies
1724:Whole plant
1172:Broad bean
1138:Sources of
566:Lithocarpus
557:Lithocarpus
537:intergrades
355:Description
319:tanbark-oak
187:Quercoideae
183:Subfamily:
131:Angiosperms
2377:Categories
2189:kew-458543
2184:Plant List
2137:60451161-2
2046:Calflora:
1905:60451160-2
1588:Garouille
1231:Sources of
1177:Vicia faba
1147:Sources of
952:August 24,
817:1141235469
713:References
616:Tanoak is
598:California
571:convergent
533:echinoides
495:) and the
486:echinoides
452:echinoides
349:California
329:, and the
2255:Q38941433
2215:100391589
2023:Q17271024
1983:100391588
1837:Q17410244
1700:Gall oak
1675:Teri pod
1663:Sant pod
1576:Canaigre
1416:Betula sp
1315:Tara pod
1221:Quebracho
1086:CalPhotos
1029:Hardwoods
847:March 24,
687:The name
635:squirrels
578:chestnuts
469:Acorn of
209:Species:
101:Kingdom:
2388:Fagaceae
2347:13101535
2342:Tropicos
2321:10516603
2308:215751-2
2249:Wikidata
2210:Tropicos
2150:62005598
2017:Wikidata
1978:Tropicos
1918:11905749
1831:Wikidata
1732:Prosopis
1605:Limonium
1488:Urunday
1482:Picea sp
1470:Pinus sp
1460:Mangrove
1453:Larix sp
1434:Hemlock
1380:Alnus sp
1334:by organ
1272:Oak bark
1242:Chestnut
1044:(USFS),
938:(1902).
908:July 11,
895:85671229
647:leaching
547:Taxonomy
327:Fagaceae
271:Synonyms
177:Fagaceae
173:Family:
144:Eudicots
78:IUCN 3.1
51:Foliage
2282:2877289
2098:3906623
2075:1156250
1944:3931004
1931:1302704
1879:3906622
1794:(vilca)
1754:Tanoak
1551:Redoul
1538:Gambier
1500:Willow
1386:Avaram
1357:Acacias
1351:Tanbark
1140:tannins
1084:in the
875:Madroño
700:leather
697:tanning
693:tanbark
681:Quercus
669:). The
612:Ecology
596:and in
561:Quercus
522:⁄
508:⁄
405:⁄
391:⁄
321:, is a
193:Genus:
167:Fagales
163:Order:
105:Plantae
76: (
2295:411565
2176:456637
2163:165545
2111:465924
2085:notden
2082:FEIS:
1957:NOTHO9
1952:PLANTS
1626:Cutch
1525:Badan
1518:Leaves
1477:Spruce
1398:Babul
1247:Dhawa
893:
815:
805:
689:tanoak
663:hä’-hä
655:tannin
594:Oregon
555:(from
382:is an
372:leaves
345:Oregon
315:tanoak
265:range
243:&
157:Rosids
2316:IRMNG
2269:4R4RW
2124:69823
2062:74CBX
2049:11880
1913:IRMNG
1892:29211
1866:8VZS4
1693:Galls
1644:Fruit
1619:Woods
1569:Roots
1448:Larch
1439:Tsuga
1411:Birch
1375:Alder
1342:Barks
1295:Sumac
1185:Grape
1162:seed
902:(PDF)
891:S2CID
871:(PDF)
531:var.
484:var.
450:var.
419:hazel
415:acorn
384:acorn
241:Hook.
151:Clade
138:Clade
125:Clade
112:Clade
2329:POWO
2303:IPNI
2290:GRIN
2277:GBIF
2197:POWO
2158:NCBI
2145:IUCN
2132:IPNI
2106:GRIN
2093:GBIF
1965:POWO
1926:NCBI
1900:IPNI
1887:GRIN
1874:GBIF
1465:Pine
1365:and
1279:wood
1244:wood
1223:wood
954:2012
910:2011
849:2022
813:OCLC
803:ISBN
759:2021
742:2018
671:Hupa
641:Uses
380:seed
378:The
370:The
365:bark
347:and
245:Arn.
2355:WFO
2264:CoL
2223:WFO
2070:EoL
2057:CoL
1991:WFO
1861:CoL
1277:Oak
883:doi
746:doi
454:in
412:oak
317:or
2379::
2357::
2344::
2331::
2318::
2305::
2292::
2279::
2266::
2251::
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2095::
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2019::
1993::
1980::
1967::
1954::
1941::
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1915::
1902::
1889::
1876::
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1848::
1833::
1607:sp
1441:sp
1040::
1032:.
971:^
944:.
889:.
879:55
877:.
873:.
833:.
811:.
767:^
740:.
734:.
543:.
153::
140::
127::
114::
1371:)
1131:e
1124:t
1117:v
1024:"
1020:"
956:.
912:.
885::
868:"
851:.
819:.
761:.
748::
732:"
728:"
665:(
524:4
520:3
517:+
515:2
513:–
510:2
506:1
503:+
501:1
407:4
403:1
400:+
398:1
396:–
393:4
389:3
239:(
80:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
