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38:
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This election set the tone for all further elections and referendums held in the Nazi era. Official results showed 92 percent of the voters approved the Nazi list, on a turnout of 96 percent. The vote was held in far-from secret circumstances; many voters feared that anyone who voted "no" would be
341:
detected and punished for doing so. In some communities, voters were threatened with reprisals if they dared to vote no, or even if they simply failed to vote at all. Nonetheless, 3.3 million voters submitted invalid ballots.
344:
By
November 1933 the Nazi government had already established a concentration camp system, although camp inmates retained the right to vote. In several camps the Nazi list was endorsed by a large majority of voters and
1211:
358:, which passed with similar numbers. The new Reichstag, exclusively composed of NSDAP members and sympathisers, convened on 12 December to elect a Presidium headed by President of the Reichstag
521:
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1024:
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The election liquidated what was left of Weimar democracy and reduced the
Reichstag to a mere stage for Hitler's speeches. It only met sporadically until the end of
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In August 1934, Hindenburg died, and Hitler seized the president's powers for himself in accordance with
325:(14 July 1933), and voters were presented with a single list containing Nazis and 22 non-party "guests" (
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referendum on Hitler's decision to pull
Germany out of the League of Nations
707:
551:
The Devil's
Disciples: The Lives and Times of Hitler's Inner Circle
366:
678:
329:) of the Nazi Party. These "guests", who included the likes of
613:. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. pp. 144–145.
577:(Touchstone Edition) (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990)
351:
reported that that meant an amnesty was considered likely.
504:, held no debates and enacted only a few laws, while the
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in March. All opposition parties had been banned by the
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The elections were held on the same day as a separate
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313:on 12 November 1933. They were the first since the
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317:seized complete power with the enactment of the
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611:Deutschland seit dem Ersten Weltkrieg 1918–1945
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8:
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30:November 1933 German parliamentary election
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652:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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1116:See also: Elections and referendums in
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508:was abolished in February 1934 by the
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333:, still fully supported the regime of
632:. Vol. 2. Bonn. pp. 32–33.
18:November 1933 German federal election
7:
713:Elections and referendums in Germany
575:The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
323:Law Against the Formation of Parties
126:
25:
628:Winkler, Heinrich August (2005).
373:One People, One Leader, One "Yes"
706:
662:"All Germans rounded up to vote"
588:"All Germans rounded up to vote"
553:. London: Pimlico. p. 344.
389:
371:Election poster with the slogan
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110:
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87:331 seats needed for a majority
1:
522:a law passed the previous day
1248:Federal elections in Germany
524:, an action confirmed via a
510:Law on the Abolition of the
489:Source: Nohlen & Stöver
526:referendum later that month
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1263:Single-candidate elections
413:
270:Government before election
58:12 November 1933
1243:Elections in Nazi Germany
1238:1933 elections in Germany
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630:Der lange Weg nach Westen
475:Registered voters/turnout
436:
433:
397:
285:Government after election
263:
123:
46:
34:
1233:1933 elections in Europe
609:Schulz, Gerhard (1982).
720:Parliamentary elections
307:Parliamentary elections
1164:North Rhine-Westphalia
1159:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
984:Presidential elections
549:Read, Anthony (2004).
376:
1207:Free State of Prussia
370:
82:All 661 seats in the
1253:November 1933 events
1169:Rhineland-Palatinate
1258:One-party elections
670:. 13 November 1933.
594:. 13 November 1933.
445:Invalid/blank votes
184:Last election
31:
1189:Schleswig-Holstein
1007:European elections
530:totalitarian state
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221:Popular vote
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1119:Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
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206:Seat change
187:43.9%, 288 seats
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16:(Redirected from
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603:Further reading
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309:were held in
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72: →
71:
68:
66:
56:
54:
51:←
50:
49:
45:
33:
27:
19:
1212:East Prussia
1202:East Germany
1198:
1154:Lower Saxony
1115:
972:
856:
667:The Guardian
665:
629:
610:
592:The Guardian
591:
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569:
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519:
515:
511:
502:World War II
499:
468:
463:
458:
453:
372:
353:
348:The Guardian
346:
343:
339:
335:Adolf Hitler
326:
319:Enabling Act
305:
288:
284:
273:
269:
236:
224:
197:
164:Adolf Hitler
95:45,178,701 (
57:
26:
1134:Brandenburg
1070:Referendums
842:1932 (July)
454:Total votes
233:Percentage
1227:Categories
857:1933 (Nov)
852:1933 (Mar)
847:1932 (Nov)
827:1924 (Dec)
822:1924 (May)
737:1867 (Aug)
732:1867 (Feb)
536:References
478:45,178,701
459:43,053,473
420:39,655,224
417:and guests
415:Nazi Party
315:Nazi Party
225:39,655,224
92:Registered
62:1933-11-12
1194:Thuringia
648:cite book
512:Reichsrat
506:Reichsrat
496:Aftermath
434:3,398,249
84:Reichstag
1174:Saarland
1199:former:
1144:Hamburg
1124:Bavaria
431:Against
382:Results
311:Germany
253:48.2pp
160:Leader
138:
128:
109:95.3% (
106:Turnout
60: (
1179:Saxony
1139:Bremen
1129:Berlin
636:
617:
557:
464:100.00
407:Seats
401:Votes
398:Party
245:Swing
172:Party
1149:Hesse
481:95.30
423:92.11
327:Gäste
294:NSDAP
279:NSDAP
237:92.1%
176:NSDAP
101:1.1%)
1103:1938
1098:1936
1093:1934
1088:1933
1083:1929
1078:1926
1060:2024
1055:2019
1050:2014
1045:2009
1040:2004
1035:1999
1030:1994
1025:1989
1020:1984
1015:1979
997:1932
992:1925
973:2025
967:2021
962:2017
957:2013
952:2009
947:2005
942:2002
937:1998
932:1994
927:1990
922:1987
917:1983
912:1980
907:1976
902:1972
897:1969
892:1965
887:1961
882:1957
877:1953
872:1949
867:1938
862:1936
837:1930
832:1928
817:1920
812:1919
807:1912
802:1907
797:1903
792:1898
787:1893
782:1890
777:1887
772:1884
767:1881
762:1878
757:1877
752:1874
747:1871
742:1868
727:1848
654:link
634:ISBN
615:ISBN
555:ISBN
437:7.89
426:661
214:373
70:1936
469:661
198:661
115:6.6
1229::
664:.
650:}}
646:{{
590:.
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484:–
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404:%
362:.
117:pp
698:e
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119:)
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
