2068:
276:
ran his letter to George
Peabody asking for the funds by Aunt Judith first, who disapprovingly noted it contained two spelling errors. Peabody agreed to cover Marsh's expenses and give him an allowance for spending money, and Marsh moved to New Haven in September. Marsh was a good student, but not a thrifty one; Aunt Judith, who was in charge of monitoring Marsh while Peabody was in Europe, regularly upbraided her nephew for his lax accounting habits and large expenses. Marsh graduated eighth in his class, using a scholarship he won for the best examination in Greek to finance a masters degree from Yale's
403:
172:
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42:
955:, Marsh was able to keep discovery teams in the field almost continuously from 1870 until his death. The material recovered in his 30 years of collection was simply astonishing to the scientific community. At the Peabody Museum, Marsh was the first to create skeletal displays of dinosaurs, which are now common in countless museums of natural history.
461:, Cope and Marsh " left a legacy, and each was a distinguished researcher. But really it seems impossible to say one name without the other. Cope and Marsh." Marsh's names for three dinosaur groups, and nineteen genera, have survived, and though only three of Cope's named genera are still in use, he published a record 1400 scientific papers.
333:
280:, as he developed an interest in becoming a professor of science. While in graduate school, Marsh published his first scientific papers on minerals and vertebrate fossils from his Nova Scotia trips, which possibly inspired Marsh's interest in vertebrate paleontology. He obtained his masters degree in 1862.
275:
Marsh applied himself to his studies and graduated valedictorian of his class in 1856. In the summers off of school, he prospected for minerals in New York, Massachusetts, and Nova Scotia. Upon gradation, Marsh decided to attend Yale, rather than
Harvard, where many of his relatives had attended. He
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Marsh organized a series of private expeditions starting in 1870 to 1874, with the prospecting groups composed of Yale students or recent graduates. The first of these uncovered more than a hundred new species of vertebrate fossils. After 1876, Marsh employed bone hunters who shipped specimens back
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which included his discoveries of birds with teeth. These skeletons helped bridge the gap between dinosaurs and birds, and provided invaluable support for Darwin's theory of evolution. Darwin wrote to Marsh saying, "Your work on these old birds & on the many fossil animals of N. America has
271:
in 1851. Older than most of the other students, he was nicknamed "Daddy" by his peers. He was initially an unremarkable student, devoting much of his time to leisure and games, but the next year decided to focus on his studies. "I changed my mind," he later told a biographer, "during an afternoon
251:
Caleb purchased a farm in
Lockport when Marsh was twelve. As the eldest son, Othniel was expected to assist his father on the farm, and the two had a contentious relationship. Othniel much preferred excursions in the woods to his chores. Among his childhood influences was Ezekiel Jewett, a former
243:
Othniel
Charles Marsh was born on October 29, 1831, near Lockport, New York. He was the third of four children born to Mary Gaines Peabody (1807–1834) and Caleb Marsh (1800–1865). The Marsh (nee Marshe) family and Peabody families immigrated to America from England in the 1630s. Mary died shortly
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After a salmon fishing excursion with
Peabody in Ireland, Marsh returned to America in July or August 1865. Marsh had expected Peabody's gift would have resulted in a position at Yale, but it took until 1866 when Yale established a chair of paleontology at the university. Marsh was given the
358:, was flawed: Cope had placed the head of the animal where its tail should have been. Marsh's criticism wrankled Cope, and threatened his nascent career; he responded by critiquing errors in Marsh's work, and moving in on areas Marsh was prospecting in. Their relationship began to sour.
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While teaching, Marsh toured the country, visiting museums to inform the planning of the Yale Museum. In 1868, he visited Cope; since their meeting, they had expressed warm wishes in letters to each other and even named species after each other. Cope took Marsh on a tour of the
324:
position, but no salary was attached; biographer George
Grinnell suggested that this suited Marsh just fine, as he was more interested in research than teaching. Marsh's interests shifted entirely to paleontology, and after 1869 his other scientific contributions mostly ceased.
351:
pits in New Jersey where he was finding fossils; unbeknownst to Cope, Marsh would later pay the pit operators to divert their finds to him instead of Cope. Marsh later noted that Cope's reconstruction of his newest find, the aquatic reptile
292:, although he might have also been disqualified from service on account of his eyesight. Marsh traveled through England, France, Germany, and Switzerland, studying with or making the acquaintance of prominent scientists such as
320:, who was also on a scientific tour of Europe. Cope had much less formal schooling than Marsh, but had already published thirty-seven papers. The two Americans spent a few days together and would become friends.
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Biographers
Charles Schuchert and Clara Mae LeVene say that the story of the professorship is "probably true" as Marsh included it in an outline of his life, but that there was no confirming record of such an
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263:, and later attended the Lockport Union School. Othniel was undecided as to what he would do for a living, but the course of his future was dramatically changed due to the intervention of his uncle
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period, many taxonomic groups presented gradual increase in the size of the brain. This evolutionary law remains being used due to its explanatory, and to a certain extent, predictive potential
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958:
Marsh biographer Mark J. McCarren summed it up this way, Marsh's "contributions to the understanding of extinct reptiles, birds and mammals are unequaled in the history of paleontology."
195:. He was one of the preeminent scientists in the field of paleontology. Among his legacies are the discovery or description of dozens of new species and theories on the origins of birds.
222:. Marsh's greatest legacy is the collection of Mesozoic reptiles, Cretaceous birds, and Mesozoic and Tertiary mammals that now constitute the backbone of the collections of Yale's
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military officer and amateur scientist who influenced
Othniel's interest in the sciences. Jewett had been drawn to the area by the fossils unearthed by the enlargement of the
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973:
published the piece “IT’S A COMEDIAN’S JOB TO MAKE FUN OF EVERYBODY, AND THAT’S WHY MY ACT IS ENTIRELY ABOUT 1880s PALEONTOLOGIST OTHNIEL MARSH”, by
Anthony Scibelli.
361:
Marsh was looking further afield than New Jersey for fossils. After visiting
Chicago for a meeting of the American Association, Marsh elected to join other members to
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Author Mark Jaffe suggests Marsh's sudden change in mindset was sparked by the death of his sister Mary, who died at age 23, almost the same age as his mother.
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Following school, Marsh declined a professorship at Yale and instead took a tour of Europe; it is possible the trip was to avoid being drafted into the
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When Cope began prospecting for fossils in the Bridger Basin, which Marsh considered "his" territory, their relationship deteriorated into hostility.
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383:, head of the USGS, and Marsh's contacts in Washington, Marsh was placed at the head of the consolidated government survey in the late 1880s.
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on a "geological excursion"; it was Marsh's first trip to the far western United States, and it inspired him to return to prospect.
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Prior to Marsh's efforts, the entirety of fossil remains known in North America was quite small. As a result of the generosity of
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afforded the best support to the theory of evolution, which has appeared within the last 20 years" (since Darwin's publication of
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989:
Marsh would not go by his given name outside of childhood, with Othniel omitted from his passport entirely, and preferred "O.C."
230:. Marsh has been called "both a superb paleontologist and the greatest proponent of Darwinism in nineteenth-century America."
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1857:"It's a Comedian's Job to Make Fun of Everybody, and That's Why My Act Is Entirely About 1880s Paleontologist Othniel Marsh"
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214:. He obtained a teaching position at Yale upon his return. From the 1870s to 1890s, he competed with rival paleontologist
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267:, who was a successful banker. With Peabody's financial assistance (spurred by Marsh's aunt, Judith), Marsh enrolled in
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Born into a modest family, Marsh was able to afford higher education thanks to the generosity of his wealthy uncle
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248:. Soon after, Caleb's business fortunes soured, and Othniel's early years were marked by financial struggles.
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1880:
The Second Jurassic Dinosaur Rush: Museums and Paleontology in America at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
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after the birth of her fourth child in 1834. Caleb remarried in 1836 and Othniel moved with the family to
81:
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114:
110:
41:
1964:
The Gilded Dinosaur: The Fossil War Between E. D. Cope and O. C. Marsh and the Rise of American Science
1657:"A specimen-level phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of Diplodocidae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda)"
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a species of ancient flightless bird with teeth, as drawn by Othniel Marsh, and published in his book,
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spent on Dracut Heights . I resolved that I would return to Andover, take hold, and really study."
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The pinnacle of Marsh's work with dinosaurs came in 1896 with the publication of his two quartos,
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The Bonehunters' Revenge: Dinosaurs, Greed, and the Greatest Scientific Feud of the Gilded Age
2006:
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pp. 2, 8-9, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 1993.
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pp. 16-17, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 1993.
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Cianfaglione, Paul. "O.C. Marsh Odontornithes Monograph Still Relevant Today", 20 Jul 2016,
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188:
154:
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Othneil Charles Marsh papers (MS 343). Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library.
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p. 55, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 1993.
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p. 11, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 1993.
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1984:
The Scientific Contributions of Othniel Charles Marsh: Birds, Bones, and Brontotheres
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In 1880, Marsh caught the attention of the scientific world with the publication of
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Marsh dubbed many additional species of dinosaur as well, notable taxa including
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He donated his home in New Haven, Connecticut, to Yale University in 1899. The
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1782:"Marsh's law of brain growth and the idea of biological progress in evolution"
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202:. After graduating from Yale College in 1860 he travelled the world, studying
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308:. In discussions with his uncle, Marsh convinced the businessman to fund a
17:
964:, located in the Grand Canyon, was officially named in his honor in 1906.
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for a time. However, an extensive study published in 2015 concluded that
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552:
411:
Odontornithes: A Monograph on the Extinct Toothed Birds of North America.
336:
Othniel Marsh (center, back row) and assistants ready for digging in 1872
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Marsh formulated the Law of brain growth, which states that, during the
883:. The museum's Great Hall is dominated by the first fossil skeleton of
211:
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926:. Marsh Hall serves as the home of the Yale School of Forestry at the
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Marsh's finds formed the original core of the collection of Yale's
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401:
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in a period of frenzied Western American expeditions known as the
183:(October 29, 1831 – March 18, 1899) was an American professor of
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pp. 210-11, David McKay Company, Inc., New York, New York, 1964.
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2126:
1397:
1395:
256:, and the two would hunt and prospect for specimens together.
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which demonstrated his unsurpassed knowledge of the subject.
393:
Odontornithes: a Monograph on Extinct Birds of North America,
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Collection: Othniel Charles Marsh papers | Archives at Yale
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1572:
The Dinosaur Hunters: Othniel C. Marsh and Edward D. Cope,
1334:
1332:
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in late 1863, the 32-year-old Marsh first met 25-year-old
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Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1942:(1910). "Othniel Charles Marsh". In Jordan, David (ed.).
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1052:
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Yale School of Engineering & Applied Science alumni
1835:
The Scientific Contributions of Othniel Charles Marsh,
1814:
The Scientific Contributions of Othniel Charles Marsh,
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The Scientific Contributions of Othniel Charles Marsh,
1551:
The Scientific Contributions of Othniel Charles Marsh,
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Tschopp, E.; Mateus, O. V.; Benson, R. B. J. (2015).
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Dinosaurs named by others in honour of Marsh include
369:to him; he did not return west himself until 1879.
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416:Between 1883 and 1895, Marsh was President of the
1763:"MemberListM | American Antiquarian Society"
1715:"A Prehistoric Giant Is Revived, if Only in Name"
915:are also represented in the Peabody fossil hall.
375:Marsh served as Vertebrate Paleontologist of the
2103:National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir
1899:The Bone Sharp: The Life of Edward Drinker Cope
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2001:Schuchert, Charles; LeVene, Clara Mae (1978).
887:that he discovered, which was reclassified as
2138:
1585:Avian Musings: "going beyond the field mark."
259:By 1847, Othniel was attending school at the
193:President of the National Academy of Sciences
8:
2099:online at the Biodiversity Heritage Library.
895:was a valid genus of sauropod distinct from
466:Category:Taxa named by Othniel Charles Marsh
2354:Members of the American Antiquarian Society
1924:. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
922:, now known as Marsh Hall, is designated a
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2123:
2108:Scientist of the Day-Othniel Charles Marsh
1508:
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29:
2359:United States Geological Survey personnel
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434:On December 13, 1897, Marsh received the
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2069:Works by or about Othniel Charles Marsh
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1518:Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History
1986:. Peabody Museum of Natural History.
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1362:
1311:
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7:
1967:. New York: Crown Publishing Group.
2003:O.C. Marsh: Pioneer in Paleontology
930:. The grounds are now known as the
470:Marsh named the following dinosaur
27:American paleontologist (1831–1899)
937:Marsh was elected a member of the
25:
881:Peabody Museum of Natural History
224:Peabody Museum of Natural History
2394:Scientists from New York (state)
2389:Burials at Grove Street Cemetery
2344:19th-century American geologists
2339:19th-century American zoologists
1920:When Dinosaurs Roamed New Jersey
1799:10.11606/51678-31662017000200009
1698:
170:
1944:Leading American Men of Science
1901:. Academy of Natural Sciences.
1882:. University of Chicago Press.
2384:People from Lockport, New York
2047:. New York: Knopf Publishing.
1916:Gallagher, William B. (1997).
1713:Gorman, James (7 April 2015).
928:Yale School of the Environment
310:natural history museum at Yale
1:
1861:McSweeney's Internet Tendency
899:. Some other Marsh taxa like
379:from 1882 to 1892. Thanks to
302:Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg
2364:Heidelberg University alumni
2155:National Academy of Sciences
2039:Wilford, John Noble (1985).
939:American Antiquarian Society
418:National Academy of Sciences
1767:www.americanantiquarian.org
1462:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1414:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1387:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1375:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1324:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1300:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1276:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1264:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1237:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1225:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1213:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1177:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1165:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1153:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1141:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1083:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1071:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
1044:Schuchert & LeVene 1978
278:Sheffield Scientific School
261:Wilson Collegiate Institute
2415:
2043:The Riddle of the Dinosaur
1946:. Henry Holt and Company.
1743:"The Brontosaurus Is Back"
924:National Historic Landmark
463:
425:Dinosaurs of North America
339:
2161:
1982:McCarren, Mark J (1993).
444:French Academy of Science
169:
160:
133:
39:
2329:American paleontologists
312:. While studying at the
2379:Yale University faculty
2369:Phillips Academy alumni
2020:Wallace, David (1999).
1897:Davidson, Jane (1997).
1878:Brinkman, Paul (2010).
1622:Popular Science Monthly
1514:"Othniel Charles Marsh"
387:Other career highlights
246:Bradford, Massachusetts
228:Smithsonian Institution
1780:Faria, Felipe (2017).
967:On December 15, 2023,
932:Marsh Botanical Garden
920:Othniel C. Marsh House
413:
377:U.S. Geological Survey
337:
294:Heinrich Ernst Beyrich
82:New Haven, Connecticut
2097:Othniel Charles Marsh
1389:, pp. 59–60, 65.
1326:, pp. 49, 56–57.
1215:, pp. 22, 25–27.
870:(Galton, 1977), and
838:Brontosaurus excelsus
405:
335:
239:Early life and family
181:Othniel Charles Marsh
115:University of Breslau
111:Heidelberg University
34:Othniel Charles Marsh
2334:American taxonomists
2024:. Houghton Mifflin.
1961:Jaffe, Mark (2000).
824:Triceratops horridus
407:Hesperornis regalis,
398:Origin of Species).
314:University of Berlin
107:University of Berlin
2399:Yale College alumni
2220:Albert A. Michelson
2083:American Experience
1855:Scibelli, Anthony.
1833:McCarren, Mark J.
1812:McCarren, Mark J.
1748:Scientific American
1645:, pp. 381–382.
1595:McCarren, Mark J.
1549:McCarren, Mark J.
1540:, pp. 175–179.
1488:, pp. 296–297.
1191:, pp. 285–286.
1112:, pp. 284–285.
912:Camptosaurus dispar
902:Camarasaurus lentus
828:Stegosaurus stenops
820:Allosaurus fragilis
429:Vertebrate Fossils,
318:Edward Drinker Cope
216:Edward Drinker Cope
2153:Presidents of the
2112:Linda Hall Library
2092:. marsh.dinodb.com
2090:O. C. Marsh Papers
2085:. 2011-01-17. PBS.
1618:"Minor Paragraphs"
1404:, p. 290–291.
832:Ornithomimus velox
763:He also named the
414:
381:John Wesley Powell
338:
290:American Civil War
63:Lockport, New York
2301:
2300:
2286:Ralph J. Cicerone
2196:Alexander Agassiz
2031:978-0-618-08240-7
2012:978-0-405-10733-7
1993:978-0-912532-32-5
1953:978-0-598-75112-6
1931:978-0-8135-2349-1
1908:978-0-910006-53-8
1889:978-0-226-07473-3
1674:10.7717/peerj.857
1464:, pp. 96–97.
1452:, pp. 13–20.
1440:, pp. 34–36.
1365:, pp. 11–13.
1314:, pp. 23–24.
1278:, pp. 41–45.
1266:, pp. 39–40.
1179:, pp. 20–21.
1143:, pp. 16–18.
1085:, pp. 13–15.
1046:, pp. 15–16.
906:Nanosaurus agilis
453:Scientific legacy
178:
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135:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
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2232:William Campbell
2208:William H. Welch
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2086:
2073:Internet Archive
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1997:
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1940:Grinnell, George
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1786:Scientiae Studia
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876:(Galton, 2007).
864:(Madsen, 1976),
858:(Clarke, 2004),
284:European travels
269:Phillips Academy
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129:
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59:October 29, 1831
58:
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2324:Paleozoologists
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2262:Frederick Seitz
2250:Alfred Richards
2244:Frank B. Jewett
2214:Charles Walcott
2166:Alexander Bache
2157:
2151:
2079:"Dinosaur Wars"
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1741:Choi, Charles.
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2063:External links
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2017:
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2005:. Arno Press.
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1792:(2): 387–410.
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1500:, p. 118.
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1438:Gallagher 1997
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1290:, p. 290.
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873:Othnielosaurus
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804:Ornithomimidae
796:Dryptosauridae
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776:Camptosauridae
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2054:0-394-74392-X
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1486:Grinnell 1910
1482:
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1474:Grinnell 1910
1470:
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1458:
1455:
1451:
1446:
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1434:
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1428:, p. 12.
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1410:
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1403:
1402:Grinnell 1910
1398:
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1380:
1377:, p. 63.
1376:
1371:
1368:
1364:
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1356:
1353:, p. 29.
1352:
1351:Davidson 1997
1347:
1344:
1340:
1339:Grinnell 1910
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1305:
1302:, p. 47.
1301:
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1289:
1288:Grinnell 1910
1284:
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1277:
1272:
1269:
1265:
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1254:, p. 23.
1253:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1239:, p. 30.
1238:
1233:
1230:
1227:, p. 29.
1226:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1201:Grinnell 1910
1197:
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1190:
1189:Grinnell 1910
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1173:
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1166:
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1134:
1131:, p. 22.
1130:
1125:
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1119:
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1110:Grinnell 1910
1106:
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1095:Grinnell 1910
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1034:
1030:
1029:McCarren 1993
1025:
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992:
986:
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869:
868:
863:
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855:
850:
848:
847:Hoplitosaurus
842:
840:
839:
834:
833:
829:
825:
821:
815:
813:
812:Stegosauridae
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
772:Anchisauridae
769:
766:
761:
759:
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747:
743:
740:
737:He named the
731:
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555:
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547:
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539:
538:
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531:
530:
526:
523:
522:
521:Atlantosaurus
518:
515:
514:
510:
507:
506:
502:
499:
498:
494:
491:
490:
486:
483:
482:
478:
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462:
460:
457:According to
452:
450:
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432:
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95:
92:
88:
83:
73:
69:
64:
51:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
2256:Detlev Bronk
2238:Frank Lillie
2183:
2172:Joseph Henry
2082:
2042:
2021:
2002:
1983:
1963:
1943:
1919:
1898:
1879:
1872:Bibliography
1860:
1850:
1834:
1829:
1813:
1808:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1766:
1757:
1746:
1736:
1724:. Retrieved
1718:
1708:
1664:
1660:
1650:
1638:
1626:. Retrieved
1621:
1612:
1596:
1591:
1584:
1579:
1571:
1566:
1550:
1545:
1538:Wallace 1999
1533:
1522:. Retrieved
1517:
1498:Wilford 1985
1493:
1481:
1469:
1457:
1445:
1433:
1421:
1409:
1382:
1370:
1358:
1346:
1319:
1307:
1295:
1283:
1271:
1259:
1232:
1220:
1208:
1196:
1184:
1172:
1160:
1148:
1136:
1090:
1078:
1066:
1059:Wilford 1985
1031:, p. 1.
1024:
1003:
994:
985:
968:
966:
960:
957:
950:
943:
936:
917:
910:
900:
896:
893:Brontosaurus
892:
888:
885:Brontosaurus
884:
878:
871:
865:
861:Marshosaurus
859:
852:
845:
843:
836:
818:
816:
810:(1895), and
800:Nodosauridae
792:Diplodocidae
780:Ceratopsidae
768:Allosauridae
762:
756:(1877), and
746:Ceratosauria
736:
727:
719:
711:
703:
697:Pleurocoelus
695:
689:Ornithomimus
687:
679:
671:
663:
655:
647:
639:
631:
625:Dryptosaurus
623:
615:
607:
599:
591:
583:
575:
567:
561:Ceratosaurus
559:
551:
545:Camptosaurus
543:
537:Brontosaurus
535:
527:
519:
511:
503:
495:
487:
479:
469:
459:Peter Dodson
456:
448:
436:Cuvier Prize
433:
428:
424:
422:
415:
410:
406:
397:
392:
390:
374:
371:
367:
360:
355:Elasmosaurus
353:
345:
322:
287:
274:
258:
250:
242:
197:
189:Yale College
185:Paleontology
180:
179:
151:Institutions
145:Paleontology
134:
125:Bigsby Medal
94:Yale College
76:(1899-03-18)
2319:1899 deaths
2314:1831 births
2288:(2005–2016)
2282:(1993–2005)
2276:(1981–1993)
2274:Frank Press
2270:(1969–1981)
2264:(1962–1969)
2258:(1950–1962)
2252:(1947–1950)
2246:(1939–1947)
2240:(1935–1939)
2234:(1931–1935)
2228:(1927–1931)
2222:(1923–1927)
2216:(1917–1923)
2210:(1913–1917)
2204:(1907–1913)
2198:(1901–1907)
2192:(1895–1900)
2186:(1883–1895)
2180:(1879–1882)
2174:(1868–1878)
2168:(1863–1867)
970:McSweeney's
962:Marsh Butte
897:Apatosaurus
889:Apatosaurus
754:Stegosauria
750:Ornithopoda
729:Triceratops
713:Stegosaurus
649:Labrosaurus
641:Ichthyornis
633:Hesperornis
513:Apatosaurus
497:Anchisaurus
18:O. C. Marsh
2308:Categories
2202:Ira Remsen
1643:Jaffe 2000
1524:2017-07-27
1450:Jaffe 2000
1426:Jaffe 2000
1363:Jaffe 2000
1312:Jaffe 2000
1252:Jaffe 2000
1129:Jaffe 2000
1016:References
788:Coeluridae
742:Ceratopsia
721:Torosaurus
705:Priconodon
681:Nodosaurus
673:Nanosaurus
617:Dryosaurus
601:Diplodocus
593:Creosaurus
569:Claosaurus
529:Barosaurus
489:Ammosaurus
481:Allosaurus
464:See also:
340:See also:
328:Trips west
254:Erie Canal
208:mineralogy
55:1831-10-29
977:Footnotes
941:in 1877.
867:Othnielia
854:Iaceornis
758:Theropoda
739:suborders
665:Lestornis
657:Laosaurus
609:Diracodon
585:Coniornis
505:Apatornis
442:from the
438:of 1,500
342:Bone Wars
234:Biography
220:Bone Wars
165:Signature
1693:25870766
1667:: e857.
946:tertiary
814:(1880).
806:(1890),
802:(1890),
798:(1890),
794:(1884),
782:(1890),
778:(1885),
774:(1885),
770:(1878),
765:families
760:(1881).
752:(1881),
748:(1884),
744:(1890),
577:Coelurus
553:Ceratops
226:and the
2294:(2016–)
2071:at the
1726:7 April
1684:4393826
212:geology
204:anatomy
2051:
2028:
2009:
1990:
1971:
1950:
1928:
1905:
1886:
1841:
1820:
1691:
1681:
1628:13 May
1603:
1557:
1520:. 2017
1008:offer.
909:, and
856:marshi
849:marshi
835:, and
732:(1889)
724:(1891)
716:(1877)
708:(1888)
700:(1891)
692:(1890)
684:(1889)
676:(1877)
668:(1876)
660:(1878)
652:(1896)
644:(1873)
636:(1872)
628:(1877)
620:(1894)
612:(1881)
604:(1878)
596:(1878)
588:(1893)
580:(1879)
572:(1890)
564:(1884)
556:(1888)
548:(1885)
540:(1879)
532:(1890)
524:(1877)
516:(1877)
508:(1873)
500:(1885)
492:(1890)
484:(1877)
472:genera
440:francs
141:Fields
128:(1877)
121:Awards
1661:PeerJ
363:Omaha
2049:ISBN
2026:ISBN
2007:ISBN
1988:ISBN
1969:ISBN
1948:ISBN
1926:ISBN
1903:ISBN
1884:ISBN
1839:ISBN
1818:ISBN
1728:2015
1689:PMID
1630:2013
1601:ISBN
1555:ISBN
427:and
349:marl
304:and
210:and
191:and
84:, US
71:Died
49:Born
2110:at
1794:doi
1679:PMC
1669:doi
187:in
2310::
2081:.
1859:.
1790:15
1788:.
1784:.
1765:.
1745:.
1717:.
1687:.
1677:.
1663:.
1659:.
1620:.
1516:.
1505:^
1394:^
1331:^
1244:^
1117:^
1102:^
1051:^
1036:^
934:.
904:,
841:.
830:,
826:,
822:,
790:,
786:,
474::
446:.
420:.
300:,
296:,
206:,
102:MA
100:,
98:BA
2146:e
2139:t
2132:v
2057:.
2034:.
2015:.
1996:.
1977:.
1956:.
1934:.
1911:.
1892:.
1863:.
1845:.
1824:.
1802:.
1796::
1769:.
1751:.
1730:.
1695:.
1671::
1665:3
1632:.
1607:.
1561:.
1527:.
104:)
96:(
57:)
53:(
20:)
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