Owens Valley Indian War - Knowledge (XXG)

1385:

County, State of California; that said valley is about 100 miles in length; that there are a number of towns and villages situated in said valley, and also many persons, of whom your petitioners form a part, engaged in farming; that the whole white population now resident therein may be about 250 souls; that this population is so sparse and scattered over such a large extent of country that in case of trouble with the Indians upon a sudden emergency they would be wholy unable to render material aid to each other. It is well known to the military headquarters at San Francisco that this valley has been for the last two or three years the scene of many Indian outrages and depredations, and that those who are now residents of the valley live in continual fear of an outbreak of the Indians, which, if it should occur, must necessarily result in the shedding of much innocent blood, as we have now among us many families of women and children. Your petitioners would further represent that the notorious Joaquin Jim, chief of the Pi-Utes in this region since the removal of Captain George to Fort Tejon, with his own particular adherents, together with many fugitives from Fort Tejon and renegades from Captain George's tribe or division, are now settled in our midst; that is to say, on Bishop's Creek, near Owensville and upon the identical ground upon which Mr. Scott, sheriff of this county, and Colonel Mayfield were killed some two years ago. It is a well-known fact that Joaquin Jim is now and ever has been an uncompromising enemy of the whites; that he refused to emigrate with his people under treaty made with the U. S. authorities; that the many murders and outrages committed in this valley since the withdrawal of Government troops from this locality is traceable to the implacable animosity of this captain or chief to our people. In view of the premises, feeling uneasey and insecure in our settlement, being as we are scattered over a wide extent of country, with helpless women and children among us, we would most respectfully pray that if compatible with the public service you would order to this locality one company of dragoons with such dispatch that the Indians, may be intimidated, and that your petitioners may rest in security; and your petitioners in duty bound will ever pray, &c."

1430:

them to come in. Sixteen came and made the following report: They said they had been maltreated by the whites in various ways. To use their own language, they said Americans no good men. Hire Indian, and not pay him according to agreement. I learned from Mr. Maloney, one of the present proprietors of Camp Independence, that the settlers of the valley were in the habit of sending to the Tule River Reservation for Indians to come and work for them, and when they would get them there decline paying them, and after a certain length of time drive them from their claims and cabins without pay or allowance. The Indians said they would retaliate and drive the whites out of the valley. From what I could learn from the best authority (white settlers), I find that unless troops are sent there the whites will have to leave the upper portion of the valley, as all the men connected with mining in White Mountain and vicinity had to leave on account of the Indians, supposed to be Captain Joaquin's party, composed of Pi-Utes and Owen's River Indians, and they are determined (so say peaceable Indians) to drive the whites out of the valley. From conversation with Indians left in the valley we were informed that all the Indians capable of doing duty as warriors left for the mountains, leaving those that could not fight to take care of themselves. These Indians say they will go to Tule River Reservation if war commences. I believe the Indians have not been properly treated by the whites in Owen's River Valley, and I think, by all the information I could gather, that unless troops are sent there an outbreak by the Indians is inevitable.

103: 229: 220: 209: 160: 879:, Colonel Evans, out of provisions after feeding both his men and citizens in the Owens Valley, decided to return to Camp Latham, via Putnam's Store. Lieutenant Noble and his detachment accompanied Colonel Evans as far as Putnam's. The settlers demanded protection from the Indians from Colonel Evans. Colonel Evans explained that he did not have the authority to leave troops to protect the citizens and had no provisions for them to live upon if they did. Settlers had three options: remain in the valley, accompany Colonel Evans to 1323:, which is the highest settlement in the valley. There the people are very uneasy, and fear to travel to and from Aurora, from whence their supplies are obtained. I would therefore respectfully recommend that so soon as the grass is sufficiently good that a force be sent into the valley to be stationed between Bishop Creek and Aurora, where the greater portion of the Indians supposed to be now in the valley are congregated. 1139:

prevailed upon to conduct the troops to where they supposed a large party belonging to Joaquin Jim was encamped and where they could be surrounded. From these Indians McLaughlin learned that Captain George was near Death Valley and furnished them with passes and white flags, allowing them fifteen days from the 16th of May to find Captain George and the other Indians and bring them into camp. - May 14, 1863

36: 797:, 2nd Cavalry, Detachment Commander in Aurora, Nevada, to proceed to the Owens Valley with Colonel Wasson on a peacekeeping mission. Lieutenant Noble and his detachment linked up with Colonel Wasson about 30 miles (48 km) south of Aurora on April 4, 1862, and proceeded southward towards the Owens Valley. 1085:

The captain will halt a few days in the upper end of the valley, where the difficulties are said to exist, and investigate the matter, and if the position of the Indians should be found as favorable as represented, if deemed advisable will give them battle. The captain will have about forty men, with

971:

Captain Rowe, Company A, 2nd Cavalry, California Volunteers, despatched a note to Colonel Evans at Camp Independence stating that he and Mr. Wasson, the Indian Agent, had talked to Indian leaders in the area and made a treaty with them. A temporary peace was made for the summer with the Owens Valley

652:

were closed. During the second week of January it warmed slightly and the snow became a torrential rain. Creeks overflowed their banks, flooding low-lying areas. After a week it cooled again and snow began to fall. Within a few days the snow was deeper than it had been before the rains had begun

1429:

Sir: In accordance with orders from headquarters Department of the Pacific, I have the honor to make the following report relative to the Indians in Owen's River Valley: I found Indian supplies in the valley not good, and the most of the Indians had left for the mountains. The Indian agent invited

1294:

George K. Phillips organized and led a company of thirty well-armed men from San Carlos, with others from Bend City and the Union mill. With Merriam as guide, they left San Carlos to aid the three other men of the Church party to recover their bodies and punish their attackers. - September 3, 1863

1384:

The undersigned, your petitioners, would most respectfully represent that they are now and have been citizens and residents of Owen's Valley for the last past twelve months, and a number of your peititioners for a much longer time. Your petitioners would state that said valley is situated in Mono

1122:

McLaughlin changed tactics previously used in the war. No longer pursuing the enemy up canyons in the mountains to be ambushed in places of their choosing, McLaughlin sent detachments of his men up the mountains at night. Then at daylight they would sweep downward toward the valley, driving any

1435:

Major McDermit, commanding Fort Churchill, was ordered by General McDowell to send a company of Nevada Territory infantry to reoccupy Camp Independence to protect the settlers in the vicinity of the Owens River Valley, and restrain the white settlers from attacking innocent Indians. - December

1138:

Several Indians who had remained hidden near the Owens River were captured by Captain Noble's men, and finding that they would not be harmed, but that they would receive food and clothing, and being informed through the interpreter that Captain McLaughlin came to make peace, not war, they were

1129:

Scouting parties were employed in searching for any smaller bands who might have remained behind hidden in the tule swamps along the river, and scarcely a day passed without two or three of them being found and killed, and everything destroyed that could be of any use to the living. McLaughlin

656:

This cold weather and flooding resulted in the local Paiute suffering the loss of much of the game they depended on. Additionally, the cattle driven into the Owens Valley in 1861 to feed the Aurora miners, competed with the native grazers. They also ate the native wild plant crops the Paiute

865:

Scouts were sent out and one scout returned reporting a large force of Indians 12 miles (19 km) away near Bishop Creek. Evans moved up in a snow storm, but the Indians had left at the approach of the main body of cavalry. Campfires were observed in a canyon to the north. - April 8,

1075:

to reinforce Camp Independence with a detachment of 24 men of Company D and 18 men of Company E, 2nd Cavalry, California Volunteers, with one 12-pounder howitzer, and four six-mule government teams, carrying rations, company property, ammunition, and forage. Because settlers of

915:

Several citizens escorted out of Owens Valley by Colonel Evans traveled to San Francisco and urged General Wright that a permanent military post be established in the valley. After reading Colonel Evans' report of the situation in Owens Valley, General Wright wrote to Colonel

857:

Colonel Mayfield reported to Colonel Evans that forty of his militia were still ready to march and fight the Indians. As Evans' and Mayfield's force marched north, Evans' scouts reported that Lieutenant Noble with fifty men of Company A, 2nd Cavalry, from

1130:

instructed the troops that it was of the utmost importance that prisoners should be taken, not only women but men, confident that their love of life would prompt them to furnish important information and that possibly they could be used as guides.

987:

Department of the Pacific concurred with the terms of the treaty with the addition of provisions that the Indians were to restore all property stolen from the whites and they were to surrender four or five hostages to be a guarantee of their good

991:

J. H. P. Wentworth, Indian Agent for the Southern California District, met with Colonel Wasson and as a result sent messages out to the Indians to gather at Camp Independence. The meeting was held and a treaty was signed. - October 6, 1862

1345:

Lieut. Robert Daley, commanding a detachment of Second Cavalry California Volunteers, was ordered to escort the Indian agent to the Owens River Valley to ascertain the true condition of the Indians there as soon as possible. - October 22,

1962: 764:, was ordered to proceed from Camp Latham to Owens Valley via Fort Tejon. Evans was to investigate the situation in Owens Valley and report back. His command was to take forty days rations and one hundred rounds of ammunition per man. 423: 938:

Colonel Evans with 201 men of Companies D, G and I, 2nd Cavalry, California Volunteers, departed Camp Latham for the Owens Valley. With them was a train of 46 wagons carrying equipment, ammunition and rations for the men.- June 14,

945:

After five days of chasing Indians in the valley, Colonel Evans decided that they would not come out to fight in the open and that it was impossible to follow them in the mountains and that a permanent military camp was required.

1906:, CORRESPONDENCE, ORDERS, AND RETURNS RELATING TO OPERATIONS ON THE PACIFIC COAST FROM JULY 1, 1862, TO JUNE 30, 1865. By United States. War Dept, Robert Nicholson Scott, Henry Martyn WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1897 1465:, where they told the story of the attack at Haiwai to the posse. For their desertion of Mrs. McGuire and her son, they were told to leave the country at once and not to return, under penalty of death. - January 2–3, 1865 1035:

Captain Jack's band sacked the cabin of a mining company, taking guns and ammunition and destroying everything else not taken. Several other cabins were also sacked and another miner killed in the next few days. At

1158:

Captain George came to Camp Independence to talk peace. He indicated that he no longer wanted war. As a result of his surrender, more than four hundred Indians came in to lay down their arms. - May 22, 1863

416: 1216:

Following the removal of the Paiute to the reservation, miners and other settlers believed that the Indian war was over, and began coming to the existing settlements, and new mining settlements sprang up:

1086:

arms to arm twenty more. This, with the number of citizens that will join him from Keysville, will give him a force sufficient to handle any number of Indians that he will be likely to meet at that place.

1460:

Settlers under W. L. Moore and W. A. Greenly tracked the killers of the McGuire family to an Owens Valley Indian village east of the Owens River mouth on Owens Lake. They tracked Newman and Flanigan to

1650:

Official Records of the War of the Rebellion Series I, vol. 50, Parts 2, p. 386. Colonel R. C. DRUM, Asst. Adjt. General, Dept. of the Pacific to WM. JONES, Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Camp Babbitt

311: 1301:

Returning to San Carlos the party encountered two men intending to build a sawmill at Big Pine. Indians had warned them to leave, and after talking with the Phillips company they decided to do so.

1967: 409: 814:, a retired Army officer. Combined with local settlers, Colonel William Mayfield, as senior officer, led a force of 60 men on a march 50 miles (80 km) north up the valley. - March 28, 1862 648:. There had been light snowfall in November, then mild weather until Christmas Eve when it began a heavy and rapid snowfall for days, the temperature dropped below zero and the passes over the 1477:

Settler force of seventeen men from Putnams went to the Black Rocks and found that the Paiutes had burned their camps and fled to the mountains, killing cattle as they went. - January 3, 1865

1133:

The Owens Valley Indians had never been taught how to maintain their firearms, and their firearms became rusted and encrusted with dirt, making many unserviceable. Some gun barrels exploded.

793:, for a fifty-man escort for the mission. General Wright ordered Captain E. A. Rowe, Commander of Fort Churchill, Nevada, to provide the necessary men. Captain Rowe ordered Post Lieutenant 1011:

outside Visalia with Company D and I, 2nd Cavalry. 100 men of Company G, 2nd Cavalry, under Captain Theodore H. Goodman was left behind to garrison and continue building Camp Independence.

1583:

Captain John W. Key, V., U. S. Army Reserve, The Owens Valley Indian War, 1861-1865, Submitted to the Faculty of U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 1979

657:

irrigated and depended on as a staple to survive. Starving, the Paiute began to kill the cattle and conflict with the cattlemen began, leading to the subsequent Owens Valley Indian War.

1977: 1332:, from Bend City, dated December 17, 1863, said: "With regard to the Indians, all has been quiet on Owens River for months past, and there is no prospect of a renewal of hostilities." 862:

on their way south to Putnam's Store were nearby. Colonel Evans halted until Lieutenant Noble's command could come up with them and then proceeded to the north. - April 7, 1862.

1523:

The company of Nevada Infantry at Fort Independence were relieved by Company E, 2nd Cavalry California Volunteers, from Camp Babbitt under Captain Herman Noble. - December 1865

920:, new commander of Camp Latham, to send two or three companies of the Second Cavalry with Lt. Colonel Evans as commander to establish a post in the Owens Valley. - May 2, 1862 1468:

Settlers meeting at Lone Pine decide to attack the village at Owens Lake. Four Paiute captured at Lone Pine after news of the Haiwai killings were killed. - January 3, 1865

982:

Colonel Evans felt that many of the promises made by Indian Agent Wasson could not be kept. He also reported that if the troops were withdrawn, the attacks would resume.

304: 1043:

Captain Ropes sent messages to Camp Babbit requesting assistance. Camp Babbitt immediately sent First Lieutenant S. R. Davis with 44 men to reinforce camp Independence.

1040:

sections of a water pipe was taken for its lead. Later two miners fetching water from the spring for Ida were attacked, killing one, the other saving himself by a ruse.

1298:

The bodies of two men were recovered, one was never found, presumed captured. Paiute were gone, leaving large supplies of pine nuts which Phillips' company destroyed.

1261:

Thousands of cattle were driven over the mountains into Owens Valley or through it into Nevada to escape the killing 1863-64 drought that beset the rest of California.

517: 1489:

Company C, Nevada Volunteer Infantry, commanded by Captain John G. Kelley, reached Bishop Creek, and established a camp there, remaining until April. - January, 1865

1148:

At Captain Noble's camp on Big Pine Creek, McLaughlin issued an order suspending hostilities until further orders and sent out more Indian messengers. - May 19, 1863

1530:

arrived at Camp Independence in mid May 1866. The Volunteers that were stationed there mustered out of the service, many remained in the Valley. Soon afterward

889:

The Owens Valley Indians found they were left unopposed in the valley and attacked isolated parties of stockmen and miners throughout the area. - May and June 1862

1401:

When McDowell did not immediately send any troops for Owens Valley, many residents left for safer locations, while the remaining inhabitants determined to fight.

1942: 1206:

Joaquin Jim in Long Valley and other remaining fugitive bands continued hostilities in the valley, no longer threatened by the soldiers at Camp Independence.

297: 1972: 761: 264: 1362:

The band of Joaquin Jim attacked a mine 10 miles (16 km) from the Cinderella Mine, but the miners escape in a running fight. - November 22, 1864

653:

to fall. Samuel Young of Aurora, recorded in his diary that the snow and rain had fallen for twenty six days out of thirty since December 24, 1861.

1480:

A settler posse was organized under Moore and Greenly at Lone Pine and marched on the village on Owens Lake at night of the 5th. - January 4–5, 1865

1437: 102: 1162:

The bands of Captain Dick and Tinemaha soon followed Captain George's example. By June there were 500 Paiute at the camp and almost 1000 by July.

850:

Lt. Colonel Evans met Col. Mayfield's militia retreating back to Putnam's Fort and camped overnight 30 miles (48 km) north of Putnam's, at

1721:, 22 November 1879; Ezra D. Merriam's personal account in the Henry G. Hanks manuscript collection as quoted in the Inyo Register, 5 March 1914 1527: 1342:

During the latter part of 1864 Indian depredations began again, and white settlers or travelers were picked off when it could be done safely.

906:

Evans' report recommended a military post be established in the Owens Valley to protect the citizens and the route to the mining areas from

1462: 1881:- History by Eugene L. Menefee and Fred A. Dodge - Historic Record Company - Los Angeles, California, 1913; Transcribed by Sally Kaleta. 1228: 979:, a war chief of the Paiutes. Captain George stated that he didn't want to fight anymore and wanted to become a friend of the white man. 859: 883:

or drive their livestock (4,000 cattle and 2,500 sheep) out of Owens Valley. Most of the settlers chose the latter. - April 10, 1862.

1283:

W. L. Moore and Mark Cornish, coming from Aurora, beat off an attack by Paiute, killing two, near Adobe Meadows. - Mid August, 1863

1937: 1194: 1116: 955: 886:

Colonel Evans started back some 400 miles (640 km) to Los Angeles, and Lieutenant Noble returned to Aurora. - April 14, 1862

621: 370: 728: 947: 705: 1014:

Captain Goodman resigned his commission, being replaced by Captain Ropes in command of Camp Independence. - January 31, 1863

1540: 831: 1505:

Captain Wallace returned to Fort Churchill from Walker Lake with the Indians who murdered Stewart and Rabe. March 19, 1865

1537:

U. S. Cavalry engages a party of Paiute east of Owens Lake, killing several warriors and capturing others. - August 1866.

1982: 1947: 1243: 804: 512: 1424:

Meanwhile, Lieut. Robert Daley, having returned from the Owens Valley, reported on conditions there: - December 3, 1864

1896:

The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies, Volume 27, Part 1

1563: 1309:

Captain McLaughlin made a tour of inspection of Owens Valley as far as Bishop Creek. - November 23 - December 16,1863

851: 1704:

McGrath, Gunfighters, p.42, Note 95. Inyo Register, 5 March 1914; San Francisco Daily Evening Post, 22 November 1879

1113:

Captain McLaughlin arrived at Camp Independence. As senior captain he became the new Camp Commander. - April 24, 1863

1142: 375: 810:

Volunteers arrive. 18 men from Aurora under John J. Kellogg, former Army captain and 22 from Visalia under Colonel

961:

Captain Rowe moved his command to a new camp east of the Owens River, opposite Camp Independence. - July 5, 1862.

1370: 1200:

Surrendered Mono people arrived at the Reservation, less 50 who had slipped away during the trip. - July 22, 1863

869: 790: 717: 682: 671: 507: 345: 1471: 1286: 1203:

Captain McLaughlin abandoned Camp Independence, under orders to reopen and garrison Fort Tejon. - July 31, 1863.

800: 624:

to Fort Tejon in 1863 was considered the end of the war. Minor hostilities continued intermittently until 1867.

385: 335: 1356: 1277: 1270: 1171: 838: 769:

When Acting Indian Agent for Nevada, Colonel Warren Wasson, had been informed of events to the south, he wired

688: 550: 1914:, by California. Adjutant General's Office, SACRAMENTO: State Office, J. D. Young, Supt. State Printing. 1890. 1175: 1061: 360: 1266:

However, it was still dangerous for single travelers or small groups in the valley or surrounding mountains.

1126:

Under Captain McLaughlin the soldiers were constantly seeking out the Indian food stores and destroying them.

1052: 1046: 355: 350: 1450: 1247: 1232: 1058:

Company E, 2nd Cavalry arrived, as reinforcements under the command of Captain Herman Noble. - April 4, 1863

951: 786: 641: 380: 1319:

The valley is fast filling up with settlers and miners, and no fear is entertained of Indians as far up as

743:

explaining the situation in the Owens Valley and requesting military assistance. Col. Carlton had Colonel

1559: 1405: 1320: 1236: 1077: 844: 502: 452: 433: 340: 1898:, CHAPTER LXII. Operations on the Pacific Coast, January 1,1861 — June 30, 1862, United States. War Dept. 1885: 1483: 1350: 390: 1952: 1531: 1416: 1365:

The Cinderella Mine Affair and others led to the citizens of Owens Valley sending a petition to General

1224: 1220: 928: 732: 694: 540: 527: 497: 477: 1515:

Captain Kelley of the Nevada Volunteer Infantry was ordered to occupy Camp Independence. - April, 1865

1409: 1306:

During the remaining months of 1863, there were no further incidents with the Paiutes in Owens Valley.

1255: 1027:

Captain Ropes sent soldiers to various settlements, warning people to stay home and be on their guard.

1496: 1183: 649: 457: 90: 1251: 976: 640:

resulted in snow and flooding conditions in the surrounding mountains and as far to the east as the

1106: 1098: 1072: 924: 907: 713: 637: 365: 233: 1170:

Captain Brown with 90 soldiers and 26 Paiute including Captain George trailed Joaquin Jim through

794: 785:

to prevent an Indian War from involving Nevada. Governor Nye approved the idea and asked General

1454: 782: 754: 593: 94: 1918: 1877:

California and the Indian Wars, Indian Troubles in the Owens River District; Extracted from the

1617: 1167:

Thomas M. Heston, of Visalia, was killed by Paiute, between Adobe Meadows and Aurora. - mid-June

1024:

Captain George disappeared from Camp Independence after receiving his rations. - March 1, 1863

1686:

McGrath, Gunfighters, p.42, Note 93. Visalia Delta, 27 August 1863; Inyo Register, 5 March 1914

1502:

Captain Kelly left camp on Owens River to chastise the Indians at Owen's Lake. - March 13, 1865

932: 1551: 1153:

Captain George and others surrender, Paiute removed to Fort Tejon, Camp Independence abandoned

1037: 724: 676: 482: 1032:

Four miners were attacked at Big Pine Creek, leaving 1 wounded and 1 killed. - March 2, 1863.

1894: 1555: 811: 774: 576: 487: 245: 198: 194: 1002:

chief of big pine band Joaquin Jim, not a participant in the treaty, continued hostilities.

841:

while Lt. Col. Evans advanced up the valley to catch up with Col. Mayfield. - April 5, 1862

1957: 1474:, north of Independence. Two prisoners at Camp Independence were shot. - January 2–3, 1865 876: 757: 744: 492: 447: 213: 972:

Indian leaders, in anticipation of a permanent arrangement to follow. - On July 7, 1862.

1366: 917: 834:- Evans chased off Paiute who had put settlers at Putnam's under siege. - April 4, 1862 709: 645: 535: 522: 182: 17: 1931: 1518:

Fort Independence was from this time continuously garrisoned until abandoned in 1877.

778: 545: 228: 219: 208: 165: 1492:

Paiute attacked J. N. Rogers at Hells Gate near Haiwai Meadows. - February 28, 1865

1068: 1008: 770: 740: 633: 609: 462: 128: 61: 1910: 1902: 1582: 1876: 1080:

had appealed to the Department of the Pacific, orders included the instructions:

900: 880: 748: 597: 240: 170: 975:

A meeting was arranged between Colonel Evans, Captain Rowe, Colonel Wasson and

1190: 1179: 825: 736: 701: 613: 132: 700:

Threatened settlers concentrated their herds 30 miles (48 km) north of

568: 560: 50: 1123:

enemy out into the valley where another detachment awaited to cut them off.

999:, and several others surrendered themselves and their families as hostages. 289: 1544: 1419:

W. L. Moore and W. A. Greenly were selected to lead the volunteer forces.

996: 923:

Captain E. A. Rowe, with a detachment of Company A, 2nd Cavalry, came to

605: 601: 472: 467: 401: 178: 174: 46: 1526:

Company E, 2nd California Cavalry, was relieved by two companies of the

1269:

Stephen Orjada was ambushed by Indians as he rode from Keyesville to

617: 1963:

Wars involving the indigenous peoples of North America in California

1835: 1833: 837:

Captain Wynne left with supplies, in command of a small garrison at

1912:

Records of California men in the war of the rebellion 1861 to 1867

1888:

Gunfighters, Highwaymen, and Vigilantes: Violence on the Frontier

1856: 1854: 1808: 1806: 1695:

McGrath, Gunfighters, p.42, Note 94. Inyo Register, 5 March 1914

1595:

Gunfighters, Highwaymen, and Vigilantes: Violence on the Frontier

620:

border region. The removal of a large number of the Owens River

1211:

Apparent peace, mining rush, new settlements and minor incidents

405: 293: 29: 27:

1862–1863 armed conflict between Native Americans and settlers

1668:

War of the Rebellion, Series I, Volume L, Part I, pp. 210-212

661:

Events, skirmishes and battles of the Owens Valley Indian War

950:, a base of operations in Owens Valley, was established on 824:

Lieutenant Colonel Evans' detachment of cavalry arrived at

1189:

By the time the surrendered Indians left under escort to

1659:

War of the Rebellion, Series I, Volume L, Part I, p. 210

1534:

took the place of the 9th Infantry companies. - May 1866

107:

Sierra Nevada mountains viewed from Owens Valley (1939)

57: 1923:, Hammond Press, W. B. Conkey Company, Chicago, 1922 1820: 1818: 1622:, Hammond Press, W. B. Conkey Company, Chicago, 1922 1968:

Wars between the United States and Native Americans

1717:, p.42, Note 97. Visalia Delta, 24 September 1863; 1289:

on Pine Creek in Round Valley. - September 2, 1863.

751:, issue Special Orders Number 7. - March 17, 1862. 1381:Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Coast, &c.: 1007:Colonel Evans left Camp Independence to establish 931:for the purpose of having talks with Mono leader 1879:History of Tulare and Kings Counties, California 1197:they numbered over nine hundred. - July 11, 1863 1978:Pacific Coast Theater of the American Civil War 1890:, University of California Press, 1987 pp.17-56 1376: 1083: 83: 1408:organized volunteers, with lawyer/gunfighter 720:, over the Sierra Nevada mountains, for help. 417: 305: 8: 1597:, University of California Press, 1987. p.20 942:Evans reaches Owens Valley. - June 30, 1862. 1904:The War of the Rebellion: Volume 35, Part 1 1186:, losing him a week later. - Late June 1863 518:Round Valley Settler Massacres of 1856–1859 1848:Daily Alta California, June 11, 1866; 1:3 1613: 1611: 1609: 1607: 1605: 1603: 899:Lt. Colonel Evans' detachment returned to 760:and a detachment of companies G, I and K, 424: 410: 402: 312: 298: 290: 80: 1495:Paiute killed miners Stewart and Rabe at 1235:, Galena, Graham City (or Riverside) and 712:, county seat of nearby Mono County, and 265:2nd Regiment California Volunteer Cavalry 1788:, Series I, Vol. 50, Part 2, p.1083-1084 1776:: Series 1, vol 50, Part 2, pp.1081-1082 1730:Chalfant, The story of Inyo, pp. 157-159 1097:McLaughlin's detachment carries out the 807:under Charles Anderson - March 20, 1862 592:was fought between 1862 and 1863 by the 1575: 1438:1st Battalion Nevada Volunteer Infantry 1117:McLaughlin's Operations in Owens Valley 632:During the winter of 1861–1862, in the 371:McLaughlin's Operations in Owens Valley 708:. They then sent messages for help to 1349:Horse trader named Watkins killed at 1105: 1067:Lt. Col. William Jones, Commander at 762:Second Cavalry, California Volunteers 679:peace conference - January 31, 1862 7: 1943:Indian wars of the American Old West 1641:McGrath, Gunfighters, ..., pp. 33-34 1242:There were rushes to strikes in the 1827:, Series I, Vol. 50, Part.2, p.1166 1800:, Series I, Vol. 50, Part 2, p.1085 731:, received correspondence from Mr. 1973:History of Inyo County, California 1869:Chalfant, The Story of Inyo, p.188 1558:and then 20 miles (32 km) to 1107:McLaughlin's Owens Valley Campaign 1019:Owens Valley Indians return to war 596:and American settlers against the 541:California's Pitt River Expedition 25: 1839:Records of California Men, p. 169 1223:, near the mouth of Owens River, 832:Skirmish at Putnam's Trading Post 1764:McGrath, Gunfighters, ..., p. 46 1742:, Series I, Vol. L, Pt. 2, p.699 1719:San Francisco Daily Evening Post 1632:McGrath, Gunfighters, ..., p. 33 1564:Skirmish at Rainy Springs Canyon 1562:where they defeated them in the 1195:San Sebastian Indian Reservation 532:Northeast California Indian Wars 227: 218: 207: 158: 101: 34: 1677:McGrath, Gunfighters, ..., p.42 781:, about a peace mission to the 729:District of Southern California 636:, the storms that produced the 1860:McGrath, Gunfighters, ... p.50 1812:McGrath, Gunfighters, ... p.49 1550:U. S. Cavalry pursuit of the " 893: 49:format but may read better as 1: 818: 739:and Mr. W. A. Greenly of the 565:Mojave Desert Indian Campaign 954:and named for the occasion, 528:Second Pitt River Expedition 513:Klamath and Salmon River War 1541:Raid on the "Spanish mines" 1510:End of Owens Valley warfare 1440:was dispatched to the area. 1258:, and the Sierra foothills. 716:, county seat of their own 683:McGee Brothers cattle drive 672:Thompson - Crossen Incident 1999: 1472:Skirmish at Division Creek 1378:Honorable IRVIN McDOWELL, 1287:Attack on the Church Party 1143:Raid on Joaquin Jim's Camp 1119:- April 25 - May 14, 1863 801:Raid on Alabama Hills Camp 386:Skirmish at Division Creek 376:Raid on Joaquin Jim's Camp 336:Raid on Alabama Hills Camp 1371:Presidio of San Francisco 1369:, then commanding at the 1357:Affair at Cinderella Mine 870:Battle of Mayfield Canyon 791:Department of the Pacific 689:Van Fleet - Shondow Fight 508:Sacramento River Massacre 443: 346:Battle of Mayfield Canyon 331: 275: 257: 188: 151: 111: 100: 88: 1919:Willie Arthur Chalfant, 1618:Willie Arthur Chalfant, 1276:Paiute attack miners in 1062:Battle of Big Pine Creek 875:Following the battle in 747:, Commanding Officer of 666:Beginning of hostilities 551:Bitter Spring Expedition 361:Battle of Big Pine Creek 1938:Owens Valley Indian War 1445:Haiwai Meadows Outbreak 1231:, further up the river 1053:Battle of Alabama Hills 1047:Skirmish at Black Rocks 935:. - June and July 1862. 727:, the Commander of the 628:Origins of the conflict 622:indigenous Californians 573:Calloway Affair of 1880 556:Owens Valley Indian War 356:Battle of Alabama Hills 351:Skirmish at Black Rocks 323:Owens Valley Indian War 84:Owens Valley Indian War 58:converting this article 1451:Haiwai Meadows Murders 1432: 1398: 1325: 1094: 966:First attempt at peace 894:Evans' second campaign 845:Battle of Bishop Creek 503:Sutter Buttes Massacre 453:Bloody Island Massacre 435:California Indian Wars 381:Haiwai Meadows Murders 341:Battle of Bishop Creek 189:Commanders and leaders 18:Owens River Expedition 1532:United States Cavalry 1528:9th Infantry Regiment 1499:. - February 29, 1865 1427: 1373:: - November 29, 1864 1317: 839:Putnam's Trading Post 819:Evans' first campaign 616:and the southwestern 498:Kabyai Creek Massacre 478:Bridge Gulch Massacre 276:Casualties and losses 268:60 Mayfield's militia 143:United States victory 1825:War of the Rebellion 1798:War of the Rebellion 1786:War of the Rebellion 1774:War of the Rebellion 1740:War of the Rebellion 1560:Rainy Springs Canyon 1312:McLaughlin reported: 458:El Dorado Indian War 91:American Indian Wars 1983:California genocide 1948:1860s in California 1566:. - March 12, 1867 1484:Owens Lake Massacre 1436:7,1864. Company C, 1359:- November 21, 1864 1351:Black Rocks Springs 1278:Little Round Valley 1099:Keyesville Massacre 1073:Moses A. McLaughlin 789:, Commander of the 638:Great Flood of 1862 391:Owens Lake Massacre 366:Keyesville massacre 234:Moses A. McLaughlin 1886:Roger D. McGrath, 1593:Roger D. McGrath, 1280:. - August 2, 1863 1071:, ordered Captain 854:. - April 6, 1862. 828:. - April 2, 1862. 783:Owens River Valley 755:Lieutenant Colonel 704:at the meadows on 695:Taylor Cabin Fight 594:United States Army 95:American Civil War 60:, if appropriate. 1921:The story of Inyo 1753:The story of Inyo 1620:The story of Inyo 1545:Panamint Shoshone 1486:- January 6, 1865 1457:- January 1, 1865 1410:Will Hicks Graham 1145:- May 15–19, 1863 958:. - July 4, 1862. 948:Camp Independence 725:James H. Carleton 677:San Francis Ranch 585: 584: 483:Yontoket Massacre 399: 398: 288: 287: 263:2-3 Companies of 147: 146: 79: 78: 16:(Redirected from 1990: 1870: 1867: 1861: 1858: 1849: 1846: 1840: 1837: 1828: 1822: 1813: 1810: 1801: 1795: 1789: 1783: 1777: 1771: 1765: 1762: 1756: 1749: 1743: 1737: 1731: 1728: 1722: 1711: 1705: 1702: 1696: 1693: 1687: 1684: 1678: 1675: 1669: 1666: 1660: 1657: 1651: 1648: 1642: 1639: 1633: 1630: 1624: 1615: 1598: 1591: 1585: 1580: 1556:Coso Hot Springs 1547:- March 4, 1867. 1328:A letter to the 1256:Head of the Lake 1092: 1055:- March 19, 1863 1049:- March 11, 1863 995:Captain George, 956:Independence Day 910:and Los Angeles. 812:William Mayfield 775:Nevada Territory 590:Owens Valley War 577:Round Valley War 488:Achulet Massacre 438: 436: 426: 419: 412: 403: 326: 324: 314: 307: 300: 291: 271:+500 Mono people 250: 232: 231: 223: 222: 212: 211: 203: 195:William Mayfield 164: 162: 161: 113: 112: 105: 81: 74: 71: 65: 56:You can help by 38: 37: 30: 21: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1991: 1989: 1988: 1987: 1928: 1927: 1873: 1868: 1864: 1859: 1852: 1847: 1843: 1838: 1831: 1823: 1816: 1811: 1804: 1796: 1792: 1784: 1780: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1759: 1750: 1746: 1738: 1734: 1729: 1725: 1712: 1708: 1703: 1699: 1694: 1690: 1685: 1681: 1676: 1672: 1667: 1663: 1658: 1654: 1649: 1645: 1640: 1636: 1631: 1627: 1616: 1601: 1592: 1588: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1512: 1447: 1388:WM. P. GEORGE, 1339: 1330:Alta California 1273:. - August 1863 1244:White Mountains 1213: 1155: 1110: 1101:- April 19,1863 1093: 1091:April 12, 1863. 1090: 1064:- April 9, 1863 1021: 968: 927:, establishing 896: 877:Mayfield Canyon 872:- April 9, 1862 847:- April 6, 1862 821: 758:George S. Evans 745:George W. Bowie 668: 663: 630: 586: 581: 493:Asbill Massacre 448:Gila Expedition 439: 434: 432: 430: 400: 395: 327: 322: 320: 318: 267: 252: 246: 243: 239: 226: 225: 217: 216: 214:George S. Evans 206: 205: 199: 181: 177: 173: 159: 157: 135: 106: 75: 69: 66: 55: 39: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1996: 1994: 1986: 1985: 1980: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1930: 1929: 1926: 1925: 1916: 1908: 1900: 1892: 1883: 1872: 1871: 1862: 1850: 1841: 1829: 1814: 1802: 1790: 1778: 1766: 1757: 1744: 1732: 1723: 1706: 1697: 1688: 1679: 1670: 1661: 1652: 1643: 1634: 1625: 1599: 1586: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1568: 1567: 1548: 1538: 1535: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1519: 1511: 1508: 1507: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1469: 1466: 1458: 1446: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1426: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1420: 1413: 1375: 1374: 1367:Irvin McDowell 1363: 1360: 1354: 1347: 1343: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1333: 1316: 1315: 1314: 1313: 1307: 1304: 1303: 1302: 1299: 1292: 1291: 1290: 1284: 1281: 1274: 1264: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1252:Keyes District 1248:Slate Mountain 1240: 1212: 1209: 1208: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1198: 1187: 1168: 1165: 1164: 1163: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1149: 1146: 1140: 1136: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1127: 1124: 1114: 1109: 1104: 1103: 1102: 1088: 1082: 1081: 1065: 1059: 1056: 1050: 1044: 1041: 1033: 1030: 1029: 1028: 1020: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1012: 1005: 1004: 1003: 1000: 989: 985: 984: 983: 980: 977:Captain George 967: 964: 963: 962: 959: 943: 940: 936: 921: 918:Ferris Foreman 913: 912: 911: 903:. - April 28. 895: 892: 891: 890: 887: 884: 873: 867: 863: 860:Fort Churchill 855: 852:Big Pine Creek 848: 842: 835: 829: 820: 817: 816: 815: 808: 798: 773:, Governor of 767: 766: 765: 721: 698: 692: 686: 680: 674: 667: 664: 662: 659: 629: 626: 608:allies in the 583: 582: 580: 579: 574: 571: 566: 563: 558: 553: 548: 543: 538: 536:Bald Hills War 533: 530: 525: 523:Tule River War 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 444: 441: 440: 431: 429: 428: 421: 414: 406: 397: 396: 394: 393: 388: 383: 378: 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 348: 343: 338: 332: 329: 328: 319: 317: 316: 309: 302: 294: 286: 285: 282: 278: 277: 273: 272: 269: 260: 259: 255: 254: 238:Captain George 236: 191: 190: 186: 185: 168: 154: 153: 149: 148: 145: 144: 141: 137: 136: 127: 125: 121: 120: 117: 109: 108: 98: 97: 86: 85: 77: 76: 42: 40: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1995: 1984: 1981: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1935: 1933: 1924: 1922: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1884: 1882: 1880: 1875: 1874: 1866: 1863: 1857: 1855: 1851: 1845: 1842: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1821: 1819: 1815: 1809: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1794: 1791: 1787: 1782: 1779: 1775: 1770: 1767: 1761: 1758: 1755:, pp. 163-164 1754: 1748: 1745: 1741: 1736: 1733: 1727: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1710: 1707: 1701: 1698: 1692: 1689: 1683: 1680: 1674: 1671: 1665: 1662: 1656: 1653: 1647: 1644: 1638: 1635: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1614: 1612: 1610: 1608: 1606: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1579: 1576: 1570: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1554:" raiders to 1553: 1552:Spanish mines 1549: 1546: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1522: 1517: 1516: 1514: 1513: 1509: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1459: 1456: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1433: 1431: 1423: 1418: 1414: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1402: 1400: 1399: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1391:J. H. SMITH, 1389: 1386: 1382: 1379: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1341: 1340: 1336: 1331: 1327: 1326: 1324: 1322: 1311: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1300: 1297: 1296: 1293: 1288: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1275: 1272: 1268: 1267: 1265: 1260: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1219: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1210: 1205: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1166: 1161: 1160: 1157: 1156: 1152: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1137: 1132: 1128: 1125: 1121: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1087: 1079: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1048: 1045: 1042: 1039: 1034: 1031: 1026: 1025: 1023: 1022: 1018: 1013: 1010: 1006: 1001: 998: 994: 993: 990: 986: 981: 978: 974: 973: 970: 969: 965: 960: 957: 953: 949: 944: 941: 937: 934: 930: 926: 925:Adobe Meadows 922: 919: 914: 909: 905: 904: 902: 898: 897: 888: 885: 882: 878: 874: 871: 868: 864: 861: 856: 853: 849: 846: 843: 840: 836: 833: 830: 827: 823: 822: 813: 809: 806: 802: 799: 796: 792: 788: 787:George Wright 784: 780: 779:San Francisco 776: 772: 768: 763: 759: 756: 753: 752: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 719: 718:Tulare County 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 696: 693: 690: 687: 684: 681: 678: 675: 673: 670: 669: 665: 660: 658: 654: 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 627: 625: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 578: 575: 572: 570: 567: 564: 562: 559: 557: 554: 552: 549: 547: 546:Mendocino War 544: 542: 539: 537: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 445: 442: 437: 427: 422: 420: 415: 413: 408: 407: 404: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 377: 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 337: 334: 333: 330: 325: 315: 310: 308: 303: 301: 296: 295: 292: 283: 280: 279: 274: 270: 266: 262: 261: 256: 251: 249: 244:Shondow 242: 237: 235: 230: 221: 215: 210: 204: 202: 196: 193: 192: 187: 184: 180: 176: 172: 169: 167: 166:United States 156: 155: 150: 142: 139: 138: 134: 130: 126: 123: 122: 118: 115: 114: 110: 104: 99: 96: 92: 87: 82: 73: 64:is available. 63: 59: 53: 52: 48: 43:This article 41: 32: 31: 19: 1953:Owens Valley 1920: 1911: 1903: 1895: 1887: 1878: 1865: 1844: 1824: 1797: 1793: 1785: 1781: 1773: 1769: 1760: 1752: 1747: 1739: 1735: 1726: 1718: 1714: 1709: 1700: 1691: 1682: 1673: 1664: 1655: 1646: 1637: 1628: 1619: 1594: 1589: 1578: 1497:Walkers Lake 1428: 1404:Citizens of 1396: 1394:S. JACKSON, 1393: 1390: 1387: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1329: 1321:Bishop Creek 1318: 1271:Walker Basin 1172:Round Valley 1084: 1069:Camp Babbitt 1009:Camp Babbitt 795:Herman Noble 771:James W. Nye 741:Owens Valley 733:S. A. Bishop 685:- Feb. 1862 655: 634:Owens Valley 631: 610:Owens Valley 589: 587: 555: 468:Garra Revolt 463:Mariposa War 321: 247: 224:Herman Noble 200: 152:Belligerents 129:Owens Valley 89:Part of the 67: 62:Editing help 44: 1715:Gunfighters 1463:Little Lake 1412:as captain. 1337:New trouble 1233:Chrysopolis 901:Camp Latham 881:Los Angeles 803:by settler 749:Camp Latham 642:Mono County 598:Mono people 241:Joaquin Jim 183:Tübatulabal 1932:Categories 1751:Chalfant, 1571:References 1406:Owensville 1237:Owensville 1229:San Carlos 1191:Fort Tejon 1180:Italy Pass 1176:Pine Creek 1078:Keyesville 826:Owens Lake 777:, then in 737:Fort Tejon 702:Owens Lake 614:California 600:and their 133:California 70:April 2020 1713:McGrath, 1455:McGuire's 1417:Bend City 1225:Bend City 1221:Lone Pine 1182:into the 1178:and over 952:Oak Creek 933:Mannawahe 706:Oak Creek 569:Modoc War 561:Snake War 119:1862–1867 1193:and the 1089:— 1038:Ida Camp 997:Tinemaha 723:Colonel 644:seat at 606:Kawaiisu 602:Shoshone 473:Yuma War 258:Strength 179:Kawaiisu 175:Shoshone 124:Location 1543:by the 1184:Sierras 908:Visalia 714:Visalia 691:- 253:Tinemba 248:† 201:† 1958:Paiute 1250:, the 988:faith. 929:a camp 710:Aurora 650:Sierra 646:Aurora 618:Nevada 197: 163: 140:Result 45:is in 1174:, up 939:1862. 805:posse 51:prose 1346:1864 866:1862 604:and 588:The 171:Mono 116:Date 93:and 47:list 1453:at 1415:At 735:of 612:of 284:200 1934:: 1853:^ 1832:^ 1817:^ 1805:^ 1602:^ 1254:, 1246:, 1227:, 697:- 281:60 131:, 1353:. 1239:. 425:e 418:t 411:v 313:e 306:t 299:v 72:) 68:( 54:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index