121:
31:
210:
379:
448:. She was annoyed that the 1750 election had gone to the Whigs and she was determined that it should be righted in 1754. She set out to out manoever the opposition. Her house entertained guests and she was attacked in the popular press. She was said to be "the opposition" and it was said that she was the best candidate.
482:, saying: "A general election was now approaching: the great Oxfordshire contest already blazed with all the malevolence of party-zeal. Magdalen College was devoutly attached to the old interest! and the names of Wenman and Dashwood were more frequently pronounced, than those of Cicero and Chrysostom."
709:
The
Commons took months to reach its decision, examining the legitimacy of many of the individual votes; but since MPs almost invariably voted in such cases on partisan lines rather than on the merits of the case, the result was a foregone conclusion - the Commons had a Whig majority, and therefore
361:
of the county, amounting to about 4,000 in 1754, but because of the expense of a contested election the competing interests tried to reach a compromise without resorting to a poll if at all possible, and in 1754 Oxfordshire had not seen a contested election for 44 years. The expenses entailed not
738:
Both parties in
Oxfordshire were united in their determination to avoid a repetition of such a contest, and managed to reach an amicable compromise before the next general election, the Duke of Marlborough in future to nominate one member and the local Tories the other. Oxfordshire did not see a
722:
Nor, to this hour, can either side tell which had the majority of legal votes, nor any Member of
Parliament who voted in that question give any other reason for his vote but as he stood inclined for the
735:
Lady Keck had said that the campaign might be the death of her and this proved to be the case. Six weeks after victory was declared by parliament, on 3 June 1755, Lady Keck died.
972:
825:
422:
336:
76:
617:
490:
430:
410:
306:
221:
715:
850:
987:
874:
quoted in Robert Poole "'Give us our eleven days!': calendar reform in eighteenth-century
England". Past & Present, November 1995, see
764:
564:
402:
362:
only the cost of campaigning across the county, but the need for the candidates to meet the expenses of their voters in travelling to
131:
829:
711:
494:
434:
426:
982:
770:
584:
559:
394:
977:
589:
478:
406:
398:
314:
244:
239:
120:
652:
645:
610:
418:
310:
228:
530:
486:
62:
45:
17:
455:
promised £7,000 of government funds towards the Whigs' expenses, while the Tories raised £8,000 by public subscription).
875:
459:
358:
967:
962:
703:
339:
constituency, was probably the most notorious
English county election of the 18th century. It was depicted in
698:
The result was declared on 17 April 1754. Wenman and
Dashwood were ahead in the count of votes, however the
458:
Many commemorative objects were produced. A pot inscribed "Wenman & Dashwood
Forever. 1755" is in the
386:
367:
345:
710:
the two Whig candidates were declared elected on 23 April 1755. As one of the Tories on the
Committee,
414:
332:
854:
765:"Keck [née Hamilton], Lady Susanna [Susan] (bap. 1706, d. 1755), political manager"
466:. A glass inscribed "Hark Wenman & Dashwood Sr Watn & the old Interest forever." is in the
287:
370:) and in lavishly entertaining them while they were there; but outright bribery was also rife.
941:
699:
357:
Oxfordshire was a county constituency electing two MPs. The right to vote was held by all the
385:, depicting an election "treat" given by the Whigs to gain voters' support, one of Hogarth's
775:
467:
463:
706:
to make the decision), and both sides petitioned against the election of their opponents.
340:
209:
521:
It was suspected that Lady
Susanna Keck might have been the author of some of the poems.
331:, part of the British general election of that year and involving the selection of two
291:
136:
702:
made a "double return" (declaring both pairs of candidates to be elected, leaving the
956:
677:
473:
904:
462:, and one inscribed "I say Wenman & Dashwood, friend. What say you?" is in the
452:
441:
378:
807:
793:
876:
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2279/is_n149/ai_17782422/?tag=content;col1
779:
508:
445:
550:
489:
was one of the Tory issues in the election. Thomas Parker was the son of
493:, the astronomer who had chaired the committee stage of the bill in the
363:
377:
295:
151:
146:
851:"Memoirs of My Life and Writings / Gibbon, Edward, 1737-1794"
808:"Bowl - Griffith, William - V&A Search the Collections"
451:
Both sides were said to have spent £20,000. Prime
Minister
429:, joined Macclesfield in backing the two Whigs, while the
909:
The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1754–1790
389:
of paintings inspired by the Oxfordshire election of 1754
946:
The Representative History of Great Britain and Ireland
444:
whose husband was an MP and they owned the manor of
934:
To The Hustings: Election Scenes in English Fiction
83:
73:
774:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004.
763:
515:Drink Wenman and Dashwood, and stand to the Tack,
505:So he like Old Christmas shall too be turned out.
501:His fine moving Speeches are nothing but Froth;
278:
23:Oxfordshire in the 1754 British general election
513:'Twill signify nothing when honest Men join;
503:Our Time he has alter'd and turn'd it about,
8:
973:Elections to the Parliament of Great Britain
886:
22:
366:(where the poll was held in the grounds of
343:famous series of paintings and engravings,
528:
21:
517:We want no old Turner nor new Almanack.
440:A major player in the election was Lady
771:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
748:
491:George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield
401:(who was standing for re-election) and
421:. The other major local grandees, the
758:
756:
754:
752:
739:contested election again until 1826.
676:
537:
497:. Amongst the lampoons resulting was:
7:
948:, London: Baldwin, Cradock & Joy
183:
94:
14:
495:House of Commons of Great Britain
926:The Oxfordshire Election of 1754
826:"Ceramics and Glass Glass image"
640:
605:
580:
555:
476:referred to the election in his
393:The candidates in 1754 were two
208:
119:
29:
479:Memoirs of My Life and Writings
531:General Election 17 April 1754
1:
932:Nicholas, H. G., ed. (1956),
487:Calendar (New Style) Act 1750
18:1754 British general election
794:UK public library membership
329:Oxfordshire Election of 1754
988:18th century in Oxfordshire
936:, London: Cassell & Co.
1004:
460:Victoria and Albert Museum
437:supported the two Tories.
359:Forty Shilling Freeholders
346:The Humours of an Election
15:
714:noted in a letter to the
549:
546:
543:
540:
383:An Election Entertainment
276:
179:
91:
39:
27:
887:Namier & Brooke 1964
731:interest of Oxfordshire.
533:: Oxfordshire (2 seats)
51:April 17, 1754
983:Politics of Oxfordshire
907:; Brooke, John (1964),
565:The 6th Viscount Wenman
335:(MPs) to represent the
978:History of Oxfordshire
780:10.1093/ref:odnb/68355
733:
653:Sir Edward Turner, Bt.
590:Sir James Dashwood, Bt
390:
812:collections.vam.ac.uk
720:
511:do with him combine,
507:Tho' Lords and great
381:
333:Members of Parliament
712:Sir William Meredith
415:Earl of Macclesfield
534:
423:Duke of Marlborough
403:The Viscount Wenman
283:MPs before election
24:
942:Oldfield, T. H. B.
529:
399:Sir James Dashwood
391:
288:Sir James Dashwood
251:Popular vote
158:Popular vote
792:(Subscription or
700:returning officer
696:
695:
435:Earl of Lichfield
419:Sir Edward Turner
325:
324:
321:
320:
272:
271:
229:Sir Edward Turner
69:
68:
995:
968:1754 in politics
949:
937:
928:
912:
890:
884:
878:
872:
866:
865:
863:
862:
853:. Archived from
847:
841:
840:
838:
837:
828:. Archived from
822:
816:
815:
804:
798:
797:
789:
787:
786:
767:
760:
716:Duke of Portland
704:House of Commons
552:
535:
468:Museum of London
464:Ashmolean Museum
431:Earl of Abingdon
279:
212:
204:
123:
115:
93:
92:
58:
56:
41:
40:
34:
33:
32:
25:
1003:
1002:
998:
997:
996:
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963:1754 in England
953:
952:
940:
931:
924:Robson, R. J.,
923:
920:
918:Further reading
915:
903:
899:
894:
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873:
869:
860:
858:
849:
848:
844:
835:
833:
824:
823:
819:
806:
805:
801:
791:
784:
782:
762:
761:
750:
745:
618:Viscount Parker
527:
519:
516:
514:
512:
506:
504:
502:
411:Viscount Parker
376:
355:
313:
309:
304:
294:
290:
285:
277:
205:
200:
180:
116:
111:
74:
54:
52:
35:
30:
28:
20:
12:
11:
5:
1001:
999:
991:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
955:
954:
951:
950:
938:
929:
919:
916:
914:
913:
911:, London: HMSO
900:
898:
895:
892:
891:
879:
867:
842:
817:
799:
747:
746:
744:
741:
694:
693:
688:
683:
680:
674:
673:
666:
661:
656:
649:
642:
639:
638:
631:
626:
621:
614:
607:
604:
603:
598:
595:
592:
587:
582:
579:
578:
573:
570:
567:
562:
557:
554:
553:
548:
545:
542:
539:
526:
523:
499:
375:
372:
368:Exeter College
354:
351:
323:
322:
319:
318:
299:
292:Norreys Bertie
274:
273:
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177:
176:
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149:
144:
140:
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137:James Dashwood
134:
129:
125:
124:
117:
110:
108:
104:
103:
100:
97:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
75:Both seats in
71:
70:
67:
66:
60:
48:
37:
36:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1000:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
958:
947:
943:
939:
935:
930:
927:
922:
921:
917:
910:
906:
905:Namier, Lewis
902:
901:
896:
888:
883:
880:
877:
871:
868:
857:on 2012-02-29
856:
852:
846:
843:
832:on 2012-09-19
831:
827:
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813:
809:
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795:
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777:
773:
772:
766:
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749:
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736:
732:
730:
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719:
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689:
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619:
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602:
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586:
583:
581:
577:
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571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
536:
532:
524:
522:
518:
510:
498:
496:
492:
488:
483:
481:
480:
475:
474:Edward Gibbon
471:
469:
465:
461:
456:
454:
449:
447:
443:
438:
436:
432:
428:
427:Earl Harcourt
424:
420:
416:
413:(heir to the
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
388:
384:
380:
373:
371:
369:
365:
360:
352:
350:
348:
347:
342:
338:
334:
330:
317:
316:
312:
311:Edward Turner
308:
307:Thomas Parker
303:
300:
298:
297:
293:
289:
284:
281:
280:
275:
267:
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230:
226:
224:
223:
222:Thomas Parker
219:
216:
215:
211:
207:
203:
198:
195:
194:
191:Fourth party
190:
187:
184:
178:
174:
171:
168:
167:
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
133:
132:Philip Wenman
130:
127:
126:
122:
118:
114:
109:
106:
105:
102:Second party
101:
98:
95:
90:
86:
82:
78:
72:
65: →
64:
61:
59:
49:
47:
44:←
43:
42:
38:
26:
19:
945:
933:
925:
908:
882:
870:
859:. Retrieved
855:the original
845:
834:. Retrieved
830:the original
820:
811:
802:
783:. Retrieved
769:
737:
734:
728:
724:
721:
708:
697:
690:
685:
669:
668:
663:
658:
651:
644:
634:
633:
628:
623:
616:
609:
600:
575:
520:
500:
484:
477:
472:
457:
453:Henry Pelham
450:
442:Susanna Keck
439:
392:
382:
356:
344:
328:
326:
305:
301:
286:
282:
227:
220:
201:
188:Third party
112:
99:First party
79:constituency
50:
337:Oxfordshire
302:Elected MPs
262:Percentage
169:Percentage
77:Oxfordshire
957:Categories
861:2010-03-01
836:2010-03-01
796:required.)
785:2023-03-29
743:References
541:Candidate
405:; and two
353:Background
217:Candidate
128:Candidate
55:1754-04-17
16:See also:
446:Great Tew
341:Hogarth's
944:(1816),
509:Placemen
374:Campaign
897:Sources
814:. 1755.
678:Turnout
268:24.06%
265:24.43%
196:
185:
175:25.64%
172:25.88%
107:
96:
84:Turnout
53: (
790:
682:7,856
664:24.06
659:1,890
629:24.43
624:1,919
597:25.64
594:2,014
572:25.88
569:2,033
544:Votes
538:Party
525:Result
417:) and
395:Tories
387:series
364:Oxford
257:1,890
254:1,919
236:Party
164:2,014
161:2,033
143:Party
407:Whigs
87:7,856
646:Whig
611:Whig
585:Tory
560:Tory
485:The
433:and
425:and
327:The
315:Whig
296:Tory
245:Whig
240:Whig
202:Whig
152:Tory
147:Tory
113:Tory
63:1761
46:1747
776:doi
729:new
727:or
725:old
691:N/A
686:N/A
670:N/A
635:N/A
601:N/A
576:N/A
959::
810:.
768:.
751:^
718::
551:±%
547:%
470:.
409:,
397:,
349:.
889:.
864:.
839:.
788:.
778::
57:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
