78:
1818:
736:
746:
1828:
1807:
1838:
341:
made a field trial demonstration data transmission on a live production network involving the service transmission of a 40 Gbit/s OC-768/STM-256 service over a 1,969 km terrestrial network spanning Europe and the U.S. In
November 2008, an OC-768 connection was successfully brought up on the
308:, is designed to inter-operate with OC-192 transport equipment while the common version of 10 Gigabit Ethernet is called LAN PHY (which is not compatible with OC-192 transport equipment in its native form). The naming is somewhat misleading, because both variants can be used on a wide area network.
182:
stands for "concatenated") concatenates three STS-1 (OC-1) frames into a single OC-3 look alike stream. The three STS-1 (OC-1) streams interleave with each other so that the first column is from the first stream, the second column is from the second stream, and the third is from the third stream.
281:
OC-48 is also used as a transmission speed for tributaries from OC-192 nodes in order to optimize card slot utilization where lower speed deployments are used. Slower cards that drop to OC-12, OC-3 or STS-1 speeds are more commonly found on OC-48 terminals, where use of these cards on an OC-192
183:
Concatenated STS (OC) frames carry only one column of path overhead because they cannot be divided into finer granularity signals. Hence, OC-3c can transmit more payload to accommodate a CEPT-4 139.264 Mbit/s signal. The payload rate is 149.76 Mbit/s and overhead is 5.76 Mbit/s.
154:
is a network line with transmission data rate of up to 155.52 Mbit/s (payload: 148.608 Mbit/s; overhead: 6.912 Mbit/s, including path overhead) using fiber optics. Depending on the system OC-3 is also known as STS-3 (electrical level) and
209:(WAN) connections. While a large ISP would not use an OC-12 as a backbone (main link), it would for smaller, regional or local connections. This connection speed is also often used by mid-sized (below
323:
is a network line with transmission speeds of up to 39,813.12 Mbit/s (payload: 38,486.016 Mbit/s (38.486016 Gbit/s); overhead: 1,327.104 Mbit/s (1.327104 Gbit/s)).
565:
297:
is a network line with transmission speeds of up to 9953.28 Mbit/s (payload: 9510.912 Mbit/s (9.510912 Gbit/s); overhead: 442.368 Mbit/s).
491:
1790:
1762:
1757:
782:
1862:
558:
1784:
1779:
1769:
1749:
1551:
516:
1867:
1774:
1620:
603:
529:
1546:
551:
473:
198:
is a network line with transmission speeds of up to 622.08 Mbit/s (payload: 601.344 Mbit/s; overhead: 20.736 Mbit/s).
1640:
405:
1425:
973:
775:
668:
1536:
739:
663:
1531:
1082:
326:
On
October 23, 2008, AT&T announced the completion of upgrades to OC-768 on 80,000 fiber-optic wavelength miles of their
160:
34:
1556:
1841:
266:, OC-48 connections are used as the backbones of many regional ISPs. Interconnections between large ISPs for purposes of
1831:
1592:
1489:
1032:
799:
683:
519:(via archive.org). North American Network Operators Group, Merit Network Email List Archives. Accessed 28 January 2009.
1821:
1328:
768:
673:
495:
492:"AT&T Completes Next-Generation IP/MPLS Backbone Network, World's Largest Deployment of 40-Gigabit Connectivity"
282:
terminal would not allow for full use of the available bandwidth due to the number of cards that would be required.
1680:
1602:
1541:
1248:
721:
41:
1452:
1413:
1258:
1158:
1087:
1020:
847:
695:
639:
385:
202:
435:
1811:
1053:
988:
941:
827:
749:
274:
are quite common. As of 2005, the only connections in widespread use that surpass OC-48 speeds are OC-192 and
33:
are a standardized set of specifications of transmission bandwidth for digital signals that can be carried on
262:
With relatively low interface prices, with being faster than OC-3 and OC-12 connections, and even surpassing
1650:
1635:
1479:
1430:
1353:
1253:
931:
817:
812:
654:
361:
is a network interface with transmission speeds of 159,252 Mbit/s (payload 153,944,064 Mbit/s).
1572:
1358:
1173:
1118:
1113:
926:
891:
52:
and an integer value of the multiple of the basic unit of rate, e.g., OC-48. The base unit is 51.84
1474:
1278:
1243:
1163:
1143:
1065:
953:
874:
574:
1388:
1348:
1318:
1075:
1010:
901:
716:
136:
1398:
1338:
1097:
1059:
916:
857:
842:
598:
301:
275:
132:
745:
1625:
1582:
1513:
1383:
1313:
1288:
1223:
1070:
791:
53:
240:); overhead: 41.472 Mbit/s). Implementations of OC-24 in commercial deployments are rare.
1665:
1587:
1501:
1484:
1447:
1333:
1293:
1123:
1092:
958:
852:
649:
608:
206:
1670:
1630:
1610:
1577:
1506:
1464:
1378:
1233:
1218:
1193:
1168:
1128:
978:
837:
832:
822:
330:
263:
1298:
1153:
921:
884:
413:
120:. For example, an OC-3 transmission medium has 3 times the transmission capacity of OC-1.
896:
333:. OC-768 SONET interfaces have been available with short-reach optical interfaces from
91:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
1496:
1368:
1343:
1303:
1273:
1148:
983:
869:
456:"ITU G.707/Y.1322 - Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)"
210:
259:(payload: 2405.376 Mbit/s (2.405376 Gbit/s); overhead: 82.944 Mbit/s).
1856:
1645:
1418:
1408:
1323:
1213:
1208:
1198:
1183:
1005:
864:
644:
334:
140:
1523:
1363:
1308:
1238:
1203:
1138:
1037:
1027:
879:
588:
1723:
1373:
1283:
1268:
1228:
1188:
1047:
688:
618:
214:
38:
1728:
1435:
1133:
1042:
998:
968:
946:
936:
911:
623:
613:
271:
1713:
1178:
993:
543:
45:
376:
is a network interface with transmission speeds of 639,009.92 Mbit/s.
1708:
1698:
1615:
1440:
1263:
338:
1703:
1688:
327:
305:
267:
48:
of the digital signal and are designated by hyphenation of the acronym
455:
1733:
1693:
1015:
807:
760:
593:
343:
256:
237:
233:
131:
is a SONET line with transmission speeds of up to 51.84 Mbit/s (
17:
1718:
1655:
963:
678:
517:"First Transatlantic 40G IP-Router--(optics only)--IP-Router link"
156:
474:"GR-253-CORE, Issue 5 - SONET Transport Systems: Common Criteria"
255:
is a network line with transmission speeds of up to 2488.32
232:
is a network line with transmission speeds of up to 1244.16
112:
followed by a number specifying a multiple of 51.84 Mbit/s:
56:. Thus, the speed of optical-carrier-classified lines labeled as
1660:
764:
547:
906:
108:
Optical
Carrier classifications are based on the abbreviation
71:
217:
companies or smaller ISPs buying service from larger ones.
346:
transatlantic cable, the longest hop being 7,500 km.
412:. International Engineering Consortium. Archived from
1742:
1679:
1601:
1565:
1522:
1463:
1397:
1106:
798:
704:
632:
581:
494:(Press release). October 23, 2008. Archived from
44:. Transmission rates are defined by rate of the
236:(payload: 1202.208 Mbit/s (1.202208
776:
559:
530:"ITU G.709/Y.1331 (2020) Amendment 3 (03/24)"
8:
1791:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
1827:
783:
769:
761:
566:
552:
544:
397:
434:Cartier C, Paynetitle T (2001-07-30).
406:"Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)"
7:
1837:
31:Optical Carrier transmission rates
27:Standardized set of specifications
25:
478:telecom-info.njdepot.ericsson.net
201:OC-12 lines are commonly used by
1836:
1826:
1817:
1816:
1805:
1426:Free-space optical communication
744:
735:
734:
76:
365:OC-1288 / STM-4096 / 640G SONET
350:OC-3072 / STM-1024 / 160G SONET
1863:Synchronous optical networking
436:"Optical Carrier levels (OCx)"
213:) internet customers, such as
68:Optical Carrier specifications
35:Synchronous Optical Networking
1:
116:× 51.84 Mbit/s => OC-
1812:Telecommunication portal
1593:Telecommunications equipment
312:OC-768 / STM-256 / 40G SONET
286:OC-192 / STM-64 / 10G SONET
1329:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
244:OC-48 / STM-16 / 2.5G SONET
139:: 1.728 Mbit/s) using
1884:
1868:Fiber-optic communications
1033:Telecommunications history
722:Modulating retro-reflector
300:A standardized variant of
1800:
1641:Public Switched Telephone
1453:telecommunication circuit
1414:Fiber-optic communication
1159:Francis Blake (telephone)
954:Optical telecommunication
730:
696:Optical Transport Network
575:Optical telecommunication
386:Optical transport network
85:This section needs to be
1552:Orbital angular-momentum
989:Satellite communications
828:Communications satellite
1431:Molecular communication
1254:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
1083:Undersea telegraph line
818:Cable protection system
1573:Communication protocol
1359:Charles Sumner Tainter
1174:Walter Houser Brattain
1119:Edwin Howard Armstrong
927:Information revolution
135:: 50.112 Mbit/s;
1547:Polarization-division
1279:Narinder Singh Kapany
1244:Erna Schneider Hoover
1164:Jagadish Chandra Bose
1144:Alexander Graham Bell
875:online video platform
64:× 51.84 Mbit/s.
1389:Vladimir K. Zworykin
1349:Almon Brown Strowger
1319:Charles Grafton Page
974:Prepaid mobile phone
902:Electrical telegraph
717:Intensity modulation
1339:Johann Philipp Reis
1098:Wireless revolution
1060:The Telephone Cases
917:Hydraulic telegraph
599:Hydraulic telegraph
498:on 20 December 2008
302:10 Gigabit Ethernet
276:10 Gigabit Ethernet
1537:Frequency-division
1514:Telephone exchange
1384:Charles Wheatstone
1314:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
1289:Innocenzo Manzetti
1224:Reginald Fessenden
959:Optical telegraphy
792:Telecommunications
1850:
1849:
1588:Store and forward
1583:Data transmission
1497:Network switching
1448:Transmission line
1294:Guglielmo Marconi
1259:Internet pioneers
1124:Mohamed M. Atalla
1093:Whistled language
758:
757:
609:Optical telegraph
207:wide area network
106:
105:
16:(Redirected from
1875:
1840:
1839:
1830:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1681:Notable networks
1671:Wireless network
1611:Cellular network
1603:Types of network
1578:Computer network
1465:Network topology
1379:Thomas A. Watson
1234:Oliver Heaviside
1219:Philo Farnsworth
1194:Daniel Davis Jr.
1169:Charles Bourseul
1129:John Logie Baird
838:Data compression
833:Computer network
785:
778:
771:
762:
748:
738:
737:
664:Optical wireless
568:
561:
554:
545:
538:
537:
526:
520:
514:
508:
507:
505:
503:
488:
482:
481:
470:
464:
463:
452:
446:
445:
443:
442:
431:
425:
424:
422:
421:
402:
374:
373:
359:
358:
331:backbone network
321:
320:
295:
294:
264:gigabit Ethernet
253:
252:
230:
229:
196:
195:
176:
175:
101:
98:
92:
80:
79:
72:
21:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1806:
1804:
1796:
1738:
1675:
1597:
1561:
1518:
1467:
1459:
1400:
1393:
1299:Robert Metcalfe
1154:Tim Berners-Lee
1102:
922:Information Age
794:
789:
759:
754:
726:
700:
628:
577:
572:
542:
541:
528:
527:
523:
515:
511:
501:
499:
490:
489:
485:
472:
471:
467:
454:
453:
449:
440:
438:
433:
432:
428:
419:
417:
404:
403:
399:
394:
382:
371:
370:
367:
356:
355:
352:
318:
317:
314:
292:
291:
288:
250:
249:
246:
227:
226:
223:
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192:
189:
173:
172:
169:
149:
126:
102:
96:
93:
90:
81:
77:
70:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1881:
1879:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1834:
1824:
1814:
1801:
1798:
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1794:
1787:
1782:
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1772:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1752:
1746:
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1739:
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1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1532:Space-division
1528:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1469:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1411:
1405:
1403:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1369:Camille Tissot
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1344:Claude Shannon
1341:
1336:
1334:Tivadar Puskás
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1304:Antonio Meucci
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1274:Charles K. Kao
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1249:Harold Hopkins
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1149:Emile Berliner
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1088:Videotelephony
1085:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1063:
1056:
1051:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1003:
1002:
1001:
991:
986:
984:Radiotelephone
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
950:
949:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
888:
887:
882:
877:
872:
870:Internet video
862:
861:
860:
855:
850:
845:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
804:
802:
796:
795:
790:
788:
787:
780:
773:
765:
756:
755:
753:
752:
742:
731:
728:
727:
725:
724:
719:
714:
708:
706:
702:
701:
699:
698:
693:
692:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
661:
660:
659:
658:
657:
652:
636:
634:
630:
629:
627:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
585:
583:
579:
578:
573:
571:
570:
563:
556:
548:
540:
539:
521:
509:
483:
465:
447:
426:
396:
395:
393:
390:
389:
388:
381:
378:
366:
363:
351:
348:
344:TAT-14/SeaGirt
313:
310:
287:
284:
245:
242:
222:
219:
188:
185:
168:
165:
148:
145:
125:
122:
104:
103:
84:
82:
75:
69:
66:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1880:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1843:
1835:
1833:
1825:
1823:
1815:
1813:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1759:
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1755:
1753:
1751:
1748:
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1745:
1741:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1557:Code-division
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1542:Time-division
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:and switching
1466:
1462:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1419:optical fiber
1417:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1409:Coaxial cable
1407:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1324:Radia Perlman
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1214:Lee de Forest
1212:
1210:
1209:Thomas Edison
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1199:Donald Davies
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1184:Claude Chappe
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1028:Smoke signals
1026:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1006:Semiconductor
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1524:Multiplexing
1399:Transmission
1364:Nikola Tesla
1354:Henry Sutton
1309:Samuel Morse
1239:Robert Hooke
1204:Amos Dolbear
1139:John Bardeen
1058:
1038:Telautograph
942:Mobile phone
897:Edholm's law
880:social media
813:Broadcasting
711:
705:Technologies
640:Fiber-optics
604:Ships' flags
589:Smoke signal
533:
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500:. Retrieved
496:the original
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1724:NPL network
1436:Radio waves
1374:Alfred Vail
1284:Hedy Lamarr
1269:Dawon Kahng
1229:Elisha Gray
1189:Yogen Dalal
1114:Nasir Ahmed
1048:Teleprinter
912:Heliographs
689:Consumer IR
619:Signal lamp
215:web hosting
39:fiber optic
1857:Categories
1770:Antarctica
1729:Toasternet
1651:Television
1134:Paul Baran
1066:Television
1050:(teletype)
1043:Telegraphy
1021:transistor
999:Phryctoria
969:Photophone
947:Smartphone
937:Mass media
669:Free-space
655:Connectors
624:Photophone
614:Heliograph
502:28 January
441:2007-05-25
420:2007-05-25
392:References
1754:Americas
1743:Locations
1714:Internet2
1475:Bandwidth
1179:Vint Cerf
1076:streaming
1054:Telephone
994:Semaphore
885:streaming
304:, called
46:bitstream
1822:Category
1709:Internet
1699:CYCLADES
1616:Ethernet
1566:Concepts
1490:terminal
1441:wireless
1264:Bob Kahn
1107:Pioneers
932:Internet
823:Cable TV
740:Category
712:OC Rates
684:In space
633:Advanced
380:See also
339:Infinera
137:overhead
42:networks
37:(SONET)
1842:Commons
1832:Outline
1785:Oceania
1704:FidoNet
1689:ARPANET
1502:circuit
1071:digital
800:History
534:itu.int
460:itu.int
372:OC-1288
357:OC-3072
328:IP/MPLS
306:WAN PHY
272:transit
268:peering
133:payload
87:updated
1780:Europe
1750:Africa
1734:Usenet
1694:BITNET
1631:Mobile
1507:packet
1016:MOSFET
1011:device
808:Beacon
750:Portal
594:Beacon
536:. ITU.
462:. ITU.
319:OC-768
293:OC-192
257:Mbit/s
238:Gbit/s
234:Mbit/s
211:Tier 2
54:Mbit/s
1763:South
1758:North
1719:JANET
1656:Telex
1646:Radio
1485:Nodes
1480:Links
1401:media
979:Radio
964:Pager
892:Drums
858:video
853:image
843:audio
679:Li-Fi
650:Cable
582:Basic
335:Cisco
251:OC-48
228:OC-24
221:OC-24
194:OC-12
174:OC-3c
157:STM-1
1775:Asia
1661:UUCP
1621:ISDN
504:2009
203:ISPs
152:OC-3
147:OC-3
129:OC-1
124:OC-1
58:OC-n
18:OC-3
1666:WAN
1636:NGN
1626:LAN
907:Fax
848:DCT
270:or
205:as
163:).
161:SDH
60:is
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