906:
324:
The function of the ORF3d protein is not known, and it is possible that the gene does not code for a protein with any functional role in the viral life cycle. When expressed under experimental conditions in
213:) and SARS-CoV-2 (only 22 codons). Exacerbating the confusion, both the 57-codon protein product and the 22-codon protein product have been described to have similar effects as
1411:
1406:
1106:
1463:
1118:
850:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1938:
1933:
2313:
1971:
1966:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1156:
2694:
2833:
2457:
205:. Many scientific papers have referred to ORF3d and its protein product as ORF3b, due to confusion caused by differences in the length of
905:
1269:
1101:
296:
and raises the possibility that the gene does not encode a functional protein, despite experimental evidence of protein expression.
2427:
2361:
1588:
843:
2055:
1723:
894:
667:"SARS-CoV-2 ORF3b Is a Potent Interferon Antagonist Whose Activity Is Increased by a Naturally Occurring Elongation Variant"
312:
long and one 33 residues long, the latter of which is known as ORF3d-2. There is experimental evidence from studies such as
2828:
2574:
618:"Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding"
2048:
2043:
1149:
1113:
888:
882:
836:
2676:
2611:
2283:
2259:
2066:
1951:
1857:
1783:
1708:
1603:
1487:
1422:
1342:
1308:
1259:
914:
434:
1352:
1279:
1244:
433:
Finkel Y, Mizrahi O, Nachshon A, Weingarten-Gabbay S, Morgenstern D, Yahalom-Ronen Y, et al. (January 2021).
2234:
2038:
1239:
876:
2733:
2621:
2547:
2485:
2437:
2389:
2341:
2293:
2172:
2021:
1916:
1677:
1583:
1563:
1546:
1396:
1284:
1219:
1123:
868:
36:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
944:
933:
928:
1142:
1015:
1386:
1096:
1091:
556:"Conflicting and ambiguous names of overlapping ORFs in the SARS-CoV-2 genome: A homology-based resolution"
2796:
2632:
2517:
1357:
2766:
2657:
2537:
2409:
2269:
293:
189:
There has been significant confusion in the scientific literature around the nomenclature used for the
2568:
2506:
2193:
1637:
1628:
1550:
1497:
1318:
1209:
938:
779:
449:
292:
analysis of the ORF3d region suggests that the sequence of the predicted protein product is not well
2239:
1633:
1623:
1542:
496:"ORF8 and ORF3b antibodies are accurate serological markers of early and late SARS-CoV-2 infection"
2761:
2638:
525:
473:
313:
309:
279:
247:
166:
135:
2213:
1961:
1900:
1665:
815:
745:
696:
647:
595:
517:
465:
412:
275:
190:
2475:
2081:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1772:
949:
805:
795:
787:
735:
727:
686:
678:
637:
629:
585:
575:
567:
507:
457:
402:
392:
243:
198:
768:"SARS-CoV-2 gene content and COVID-19 mutation impact by comparing 44 Sarbecovirus genomes"
2705:
2162:
2152:
1905:
150:
76:
783:
665:
Konno Y, Kimura I, Uriu K, Fukushi M, Irie T, Koyanagi Y, et al. (September 2020).
453:
379:
Nelson CW, Ardern Z, Goldberg TL, Meng C, Kuo CH, Ludwig C, et al. (October 2020).
2779:
2662:
2207:
2032:
1927:
1533:
1453:
810:
767:
740:
715:
691:
666:
642:
617:
590:
555:
554:
Jungreis I, Nelson CW, Ardern Z, Finkel Y, Krogan NJ, Sato K, et al. (June 2021).
407:
380:
289:
633:
316:
for expression of at least ORF3d-2, without clear evidence for the full-length ORF3d.
2822:
2728:
2379:
1840:
1477:
1194:
1169:
1165:
529:
477:
263:
381:"Dynamically evolving novel overlapping gene as a factor in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic"
2448:
2400:
2352:
2304:
2225:
2010:
1846:
1523:
1332:
1199:
1173:
494:
Hachim A, Kavian N, Cohen CA, Chin AW, Chu DK, Mok CK, et al. (October 2020).
326:
123:
1134:
731:
266:
of the same sequence region encoding functional proteins. ORF3d is not present in
682:
2788:
2331:
1651:
1614:
859:
571:
114:
86:
791:
2670:
2602:
2199:
2005:
1836:
1832:
512:
495:
461:
330:
283:
259:
214:
194:
158:
106:
52:
2716:
2711:
2652:
2646:
1890:
1767:
1757:
1745:
1518:
1182:
819:
749:
700:
651:
599:
521:
469:
416:
274:. SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences have been extensively sampled throughout the
1298:
800:
714:
Lam JY, Yuen CK, Ip JD, Wong WM, To KK, Yuen KY, Kok KH (December 2020).
580:
345:
337:
271:
267:
262:
genome. This potentially represents a rare example of all three possible
174:
162:
127:
118:
110:
57:
397:
341:
305:
154:
142:
138:
828:
616:
Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, et al. (February 2020).
2558:
2496:
2244:
2183:
2076:
1574:
1230:
919:
170:
121:, though it is not found in other closely related viruses within the
2129:
2119:
2114:
2099:
2094:
2089:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1053:
1048:
1033:
1028:
1023:
270:
or other related coronaviruses, except for a coronavirus found in
255:
251:
227:
222:
210:
206:
202:
131:
2681:
2512:
2124:
2109:
1538:
1274:
1058:
1043:
178:
102:
1138:
832:
2742:
2738:
2721:
1867:
1718:
1083:
145:
have been described, of which the shorter 33-residue form,
220:
The recommended nomenclature for SARS-CoV-2 uses the term
344:
from ORF3d have been reported in patients recovered from
153:, or even the only form expressed. It is reported to be
282:
with truncations in ORF3d due to the introduction of a
761:
759:
286:
have been identified with relatively high prevalence.
161:
to the ORF3d protein occur in patients recovered from
716:"Loss of orf3b in the circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains"
2787:
2778:
2755:
2692:
2619:
2610:
2601:
2557:
2545:
2536:
2495:
2483:
2474:
2447:
2435:
2426:
2399:
2387:
2378:
2351:
2339:
2330:
2303:
2291:
2282:
2257:
2224:
2182:
2170:
2161:
2146:
2064:
2019:
2004:
1949:
1914:
1899:
1884:
1855:
1831:
1781:
1766:
1753:
1744:
1706:
1675:
1664:
1613:
1601:
1573:
1561:
1532:
1514:
1485:
1476:
1451:
1420:
1394:
1385:
1374:
1340:
1331:
1306:
1297:
1257:
1229:
1217:
1208:
1190:
1181:
1082:
1014:
913:
867:
82:
72:
67:
51:
43:
31:
26:
21:
549:
547:
545:
543:
541:
539:
1150:
1119:Coronavirus frameshifting stimulation element
844:
489:
487:
428:
426:
374:
372:
370:
368:
366:
364:
362:
360:
8:
1107:Coronavirus 3′ stem-loop II-like motif (s2m)
766:Jungreis I, Sealfon R, Kellis M (May 2021).
230:end of ORF3b in SARS-CoV, and uses the term
2784:
2775:
2616:
2607:
2554:
2542:
2492:
2480:
2444:
2432:
2396:
2384:
2348:
2336:
2300:
2288:
2179:
2167:
2158:
2016:
1911:
1896:
1852:
1778:
1763:
1750:
1672:
1610:
1570:
1558:
1529:
1482:
1391:
1382:
1337:
1303:
1226:
1214:
1205:
1187:
1157:
1143:
1135:
851:
837:
829:
64:
2314:Parainfluenza hemagglutinin-neuraminidase
809:
799:
739:
690:
641:
611:
609:
589:
579:
511:
406:
396:
226:for the 22-codon gene homologous to the
356:
18:
2458:Respiratory syncytial virus G protein
329:, the ORF3d protein appears to be an
7:
435:"The coding capacity of SARS-CoV-2"
113:) and at least one closely related
720:Emerging Microbes & Infections
141:of unknown function. At least two
14:
2362:Mumps hemagglutinin-neuraminidase
173:of the otherwise closely related
1724:Hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase
904:
1555:(non-enveloped circular ds-DNA)
1:
2575:Vesiculovirus matrix proteins
1102:Coronavirus 3′ UTR pseudoknot
732:10.1080/22221751.2020.1852892
634:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8
2834:Viral nonstructural proteins
1114:Coronavirus packaging signal
683:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108185
134:long and encodes a novel 57
2612:Structure and genome of HIV
1669:(circular partially ds-DNA)
915:Viral nonstructural protein
572:10.1016/j.virol.2021.02.013
2850:
1245:Herpesvirus glycoprotein B
792:10.1038/s41467-021-22905-7
304:The ORF3d protein has two
177:(which causes the disease
1240:HHV capsid portal protein
902:
513:10.1038/s41590-020-0773-7
462:10.1038/s41586-020-2739-1
63:
1124:Human identical sequence
1006:nonstructural protein 16
1001:nonstructural protein 15
996:nonstructural protein 14
991:nonstructural protein 13
986:nonstructural protein 12
981:nonstructural protein 11
976:nonstructural protein 10
869:Viral structural protein
16:Gene found in SARS-CoV-2
2235:Influenza hemagglutinin
1016:Viral accessory protein
971:nonstructural protein 9
966:nonstructural protein 8
961:nonstructural protein 7
956:nonstructural protein 6
945:nonstructural protein 4
934:nonstructural protein 2
929:nonstructural protein 1
234:for the 57-codon gene.
209:in SARS-CoV (about 155
109:(the virus that causes
2797:Gag-onc fusion protein
2767:murine leukemia virus
2658:Reverse transcriptase
2538:Indiana vesiculovirus
2410:Measles hemagglutinin
772:Nature Communications
197:, especially several
149:, may be more highly
2829:Coronavirus proteins
1498:Early 35 kDa protein
939:papain-like protease
895:nucleocapsid protein
238:Comparative genomics
784:2021NatCo..12.2642J
454:2021Natur.589..125F
398:10.7554/eLife.59633
310:amino acid residues
280:SARS-CoV-2 variants
2762:Rous sarcoma virus
1097:Coronavirus 3′ UTR
1092:Coronavirus 5′ UTR
628:(10224): 565–574.
314:ribosome profiling
278:, and examples of
248:open reading frame
191:accessory proteins
136:amino acid residue
2816:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2751:
2750:
2597:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2532:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2278:
2277:
2253:
2252:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2000:
1999:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1827:
1826:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1660:
1659:
1647:
1646:
1597:
1596:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1472:
1471:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1327:
1326:
1293:
1292:
1253:
1252:
1132:
1131:
506:(10): 1293–1301.
500:Nature Immunology
448:(7840): 125–130.
276:COVID-19 pandemic
199:overlapping genes
96:
95:
92:
91:
2841:
2785:
2776:
2617:
2608:
2555:
2543:
2493:
2481:
2476:Zaire ebolavirus
2445:
2433:
2397:
2385:
2349:
2337:
2301:
2289:
2180:
2168:
2159:
2082:3C-like protease
2017:
1912:
1897:
1853:
1779:
1773:Duplornaviricota
1764:
1751:
1673:
1611:
1571:
1559:
1530:
1483:
1392:
1383:
1338:
1304:
1227:
1215:
1206:
1188:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1136:
950:3C-like protease
918:(expressed from
908:
889:membrane protein
883:envelope protein
853:
846:
839:
830:
824:
823:
813:
803:
763:
754:
753:
743:
726:(1): 2685–2696.
711:
705:
704:
694:
662:
656:
655:
645:
613:
604:
603:
593:
583:
551:
534:
533:
515:
491:
482:
481:
439:
430:
421:
420:
410:
400:
376:
244:overlapping gene
65:
39:
19:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2800:
2747:
2706:transactivators
2688:
2581:
2524:
2462:
2414:
2366:
2318:
2274:
2249:
2220:
2163:Influenza virus
2153:Negarnaviricota
2150:
2148:
2134:
2060:
2008:
1996:
1945:
1906:Kitrinoviricota
1903:
1888:
1886:
1872:
1844:
1823:
1770:
1755:
1728:
1702:
1668:
1656:
1643:
1593:
1554:
1536:
1522:
1516:
1502:
1468:
1447:
1416:
1378:
1377:(Duplodnaviria,
1376:
1375:circular ds-DNA
1362:
1323:
1289:
1249:
1198:
1192:
1177:
1163:
1133:
1128:
1078:
1010:
917:
909:
900:
863:
857:
827:
765:
764:
757:
713:
712:
708:
664:
663:
659:
615:
614:
607:
553:
552:
537:
493:
492:
485:
437:
432:
431:
424:
378:
377:
358:
354:
322:
302:
240:
187:
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2847:
2845:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2821:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2794:
2792:
2782:
2780:Fusion protein
2773:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2701:
2699:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2663:HIV-1 protease
2660:
2655:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2628:
2626:
2614:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2569:matrix protein
2564:
2562:
2552:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2507:matrix protein
2502:
2500:
2490:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2454:
2452:
2442:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2394:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2358:
2356:
2346:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2310:
2308:
2298:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2231:
2229:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2208:viral envelope
2204:
2203:
2202:
2194:matrix protein
2189:
2187:
2177:
2165:
2156:
2149:negative-sense
2144:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2073:
2071:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2033:viral envelope
2028:
2026:
2014:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1928:viral envelope
1923:
1921:
1909:
1894:
1887:positive-sense
1882:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1850:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1790:
1788:
1776:
1761:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1715:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1689:
1684:
1682:
1670:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1631:
1626:
1620:
1618:
1608:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1578:
1568:
1556:
1534:Polyomaviridae
1527:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1494:
1492:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1458:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1403:
1401:
1389:
1380:
1379:Varidnaviria?)
1372:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1349:
1347:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1315:
1313:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1236:
1234:
1224:
1212:
1210:Herpes simplex
1203:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1166:Viral proteins
1164:
1162:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1139:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1094:
1088:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
947:
942:
936:
931:
925:
923:
911:
910:
903:
901:
899:
898:
892:
886:
880:
873:
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677:(12): 108185.
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290:Bioinformatics
264:reading frames
250:overlaps both
239:
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186:
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165:. There is no
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2284:Parainfluenza
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2256:
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2240:Neuraminidase
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1478:Baculoviridae
1475:
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1207:
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1196:
1195:Duplodnaviria
1191:linear ds-DNA
1189:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1175:
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1167:
1160:
1155:
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916:
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893:
890:
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884:
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877:spike protein
875:
874:
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861:
854:
849:
847:
842:
840:
835:
834:
831:
821:
817:
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801:1721.1/130581
797:
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773:
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623:
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612:
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582:
581:1721.1/130363
577:
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351:
349:
347:
343:
340:responses to
339:
334:
333:antagonist.
332:
328:
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311:
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281:
277:
273:
269:
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261:
257:
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245:
237:
235:
233:
229:
225:
224:
218:
217:antagonists.
216:
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59:
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50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
2704:
2693:
2669:
2645:
2631:
2620:
2567:
2546:
2505:
2484:
2449:glycoprotein
2436:
2401:glycoprotein
2388:
2353:glycoprotein
2340:
2305:glycoprotein
2292:
2258:
2226:glycoprotein
2206:
2192:
2171:
2104:
2065:
2056:Nucleocapsid
2031:
2020:
2011:Pisuviricota
1950:
1926:
1915:
1856:
1847:Pisuviricota
1782:
1707:
1676:
1602:
1562:
1524:Monodnaviria
1486:
1452:
1421:
1395:
1387:Epstein–Barr
1341:
1333:Adenoviridae
1307:
1258:
1218:
1200:Varidnaviria
1038:
775:
771:
723:
719:
709:
674:
671:Cell Reports
670:
660:
625:
621:
563:
559:
503:
499:
445:
441:
388:
384:
335:
327:cell culture
323:
303:
288:
242:ORF3d is an
241:
231:
221:
219:
188:
185:Nomenclature
146:
124:Sarbecovirus
122:
98:
97:
2789:oncoprotein
1901:Hepatitis C
1666:Hepatitis B
1652:Agnoprotein
1615:oncoprotein
1589:VP2 and VP3
860:Coronavirus
778:(1): 2642.
566:: 145–151.
130:. It is 57
115:coronavirus
77:Swiss-model
27:Identifiers
2823:Categories
2214:M2 protein
2200:M1 protein
2006:SARS-CoV-2
391:: e59633.
352:References
331:interferon
300:Expression
284:stop codon
260:SARS-CoV-2
215:interferon
195:SARS-CoV-2
159:antibodies
107:SARS-CoV-2
73:Structures
68:Search for
37:SARS-CoV-2
2756:Multiple
2653:Integrase
1891:Riboviria
1768:Rotavirus
1758:Riboviria
1519:Riboviria
530:221136730
478:218582461
308:, one 57
294:conserved
272:pangolins
155:antigenic
151:expressed
119:pangolins
117:found in
105:found in
2049:Membrane
2044:Envelope
1638:SV40 Tag
1299:Vaccinia
820:33976134
750:33205709
701:32941788
652:32007145
600:33774510
560:Virology
522:32807944
470:32906143
417:33001029
346:COVID-19
342:peptides
338:antibody
320:Function
306:isoforms
268:SARS-CoV
175:SARS-CoV
163:COVID-19
143:isoforms
128:subgenus
111:COVID-19
87:InterPro
32:Organism
2380:Measles
1833:Rhinov.
1280:ICP34.5
862:genomes
811:8113528
780:Bibcode
741:7782295
692:7473339
643:7159086
591:7967279
450:Bibcode
408:7655111
336:Robust
258:in the
169:in the
167:homolog
147:ORF3d-2
139:protein
83:Domains
53:UniProt
2559:capsid
2497:capsid
2245:HA-tag
2184:capsid
2147:ss-RNA
2077:ORF1ab
1885:ss-RNA
1845:etc. (
1754:ds-RNA
1575:capsid
1443:EBNA-3
1438:EBNA-2
1433:EBNA-1
1231:capsid
952:(nsp5)
941:(nsp3)
920:ORF1ab
818:
808:
748:
738:
699:
689:
650:
640:
622:Lancet
598:
588:
528:
520:
476:
468:
442:Nature
415:
405:
246:whose
211:codons
171:genome
132:codons
58:P0DTG0
44:Symbol
2695:VRAPs
2677:gp120
2332:Mumps
2130:ORF9b
2120:ORF7b
2115:ORF7a
2105:ORF3d
2100:ORF3c
2095:ORF3b
2090:ORF3a
2084:(NS5)
2039:Spike
1841:Hep A
1837:Polio
1697:HBeAg
1692:HBcAg
1687:HBsAg
1551:HaPyV
1547:MCPyV
1515:other
1454:ncRNA
1412:LMP-2
1407:LMP-1
1285:ICP47
1270:vmw65
1170:early
1074:ORF10
1069:ORF9c
1064:ORF9b
1054:ORF7b
1049:ORF7a
1039:ORF3d
1034:ORF3c
1029:ORF3b
1024:ORF3a
526:S2CID
474:S2CID
438:(PDF)
385:eLife
256:ORF3c
252:ORF3a
232:ORF3d
223:ORF3b
207:ORF3b
203:ORF3a
201:with
101:is a
99:ORF3d
47:ORF3d
22:ORF3d
2682:gp41
2622:VSPs
2548:VSPs
2518:VP24
2513:VP40
2486:VSPs
2438:VSPs
2390:VSPs
2342:VSPs
2294:VSPs
2260:VNPs
2173:VSPs
2125:ORF8
2110:ORF6
2067:VNPs
2022:VSPs
1992:NS5B
1987:NS5A
1982:NS4B
1977:NS4A
1952:VNPs
1917:VSPs
1858:VNPs
1819:NSP6
1814:NSP5
1809:NSP4
1804:NSP3
1799:NSP2
1794:NSP1
1784:VNPs
1709:VNPs
1678:VSPs
1634:LTag
1629:MTag
1624:STag
1604:VNPs
1564:VSPs
1543:MPyV
1539:SV40
1488:VNPs
1464:EBER
1423:VNPs
1397:VSPs
1343:VNPs
1319:B13R
1309:VNPs
1275:ICP8
1260:VNPs
1220:VSPs
1174:late
1172:and
1059:ORF8
1044:ORF6
816:PMID
746:PMID
697:PMID
648:PMID
596:PMID
518:PMID
466:PMID
413:PMID
254:and
179:SARS
157:and
103:gene
2743:Vpx
2741:or
2739:Vpu
2734:Vif
2729:Nef
2722:Vpr
2717:Rev
2712:Tat
2671:env
2647:pol
2639:p24
2633:gag
2428:RSV
2270:NS1
1972:NS3
1967:NS2
1868:VPg
1746:RNA
1719:HBx
1584:VP1
1358:E1B
1353:E1A
1183:DNA
1084:RNA
897:(N)
891:(M)
885:(E)
879:(S)
806:PMC
796:hdl
788:doi
736:PMC
728:doi
687:PMC
679:doi
638:PMC
630:doi
626:395
586:PMC
576:hdl
568:doi
564:558
508:doi
458:doi
446:589
403:PMC
393:doi
348:.
193:of
181:).
2825::
2603:RT
1962:P7
1939:E2
1934:E1
1839:,
1835:,
1549:,
1545:,
1541:,
814:.
804:.
794:.
786:.
776:12
774:.
770:.
758:^
744:.
734:.
722:.
718:.
695:.
685:.
675:32
673:.
669:.
646:.
636:.
624:.
620:.
608:^
594:.
584:.
574:.
562:.
558:.
538:^
524:.
516:.
504:21
502:.
498:.
486:^
472:.
464:.
456:.
444:.
440:.
425:^
411:.
401:.
387:.
383:.
359:^
228:5'
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2307::
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2175::
2155:)
2151:(
2069::
2024::
2013:)
2009:(
1954::
1919::
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1904:(
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1889:(
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1771:(
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1756:(
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1517:(
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1193:(
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798::
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419:.
395::
389:9
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