272:
293:
362:
785:
Most of the hymn’s original lyrics are an almost-verbatim expression of Roman
Catholic dogmas regarding the person of Jesus Christ. As stated elsewhere in this article, the hymn takes almost all its contents from Bible verses and the Nicene Creed. To Irish musicologist William H. Grattan Flood, it is
781:
are uncertain. It is not known whether Wade might have simply copied the hymn from other sources (for instance, it could have been composed by
Cistercian monks and eventually sung at the Portuguese embassy chapel in London), or to what extent he might have innovated on the contributions of the hymn’s
764:
are meant to be "a call to arms for faithful
Jacobites to return with triumphant joy to England (Bethlehem) and venerate the king of angels, that is, the English king (Bonnie Prince Charlie).” However, certain historical circumstances would seem to disprove or at least problematize the Jacobite ode
709:
Although, as previously stated, the hymn’s exact sources and origins remain unproven, there is universal agreement among musicologists that it was through the efforts of
Catholic layman and music copyist John Francis Wade that it first appeared in print. Wade himself fled to France after the
773:
as a piece of political propaganda. In the absence of such evidence, the
Jacobite imagery found in Wade’s books might be merely an expression of the author’s idiosyncratic blend of political and religious thought, which in turn might have reflected the sentiments of Catholic Jacobites as a
181:, lived in exile in France and made a living as a copyist of musical manuscripts which he found in libraries. He often signed his copies, possibly because his calligraphy was so beautiful that his clients requested this . In 1751 he published a printed compilation of his manuscript copies,
267:, whom Wade knew, is another possible composer. There are several similar musical themes written around that time, though it can be hard to determine whether these were written in imitation of the hymn, whether the hymn was based on them, or whether they are totally unconnected.
381:
786:
so readily evident that the hymn is merely an artistic expression of the
Catholic spiritual and intellectual tradition that he concludes that the words and music of the song "are to be attributed to a Catholic source and for Catholic worship".
230:
nonetheless argue for Wade's authorship of the most popular
English language version. Bennett Zon offers limited support for that argument, although he also suggests that the author may instead have been someone known to Wade.
795:
In performance, verses are often omitted – either because the hymn is too long in its entirety or because the words are unsuitable for the day on which they are sung. For example, the eighth anonymous verse is only sung on
714:
rising of 1745 was crushed, and his liturgical books were often decorated with
Jacobite imagery (for context, the aim of the rebellion had been to restore a Catholic monarch – Charles Edward Stuart, popularly known as
343:
tradition, appearing as "Hither Ye
Faithful, Haste with Songs of Triumph" in an 1860 collection. With "Herbei, o ihr Gläub'gen" a German translation of the Latin text was published in 1823 by
573:
These are the additional Latin verses composed in the 18th century. The first three verses have translations by
William Thomas Brooke, while the others have English prose translations:
908:
380:
405:
223:
741:– which is found in the hymn’s original Latin lyrics and translates literally to "King of Angels" – to refer to the king of England via a pun on the Latin words
35:
730:. It essentially holds that "the song’s original Latin version was actually a coded rallying cry for the Stewart cause". Elements of this theory include:
379:
371:
404:
1121:
396:
1466:
1221:
719:” – to the throne of England). These aspects of Wade’s life and political leanings have given rise to speculation that he might have intended for
900:
210:'s translations of the original four verses, and William Thomas Brooke's translation of the three additional verses. It was first published in
852:
1456:
1441:
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244:
111:
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198:
1339:
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137:
were extended to a total of eight, and these have been translated into many languages. In 1841, the English Catholic priest
218:(London), before it was altered to its current form. The song was sometimes referred to as the "Portuguese Hymn" after the
1380:
1148:
355:
These are the original four Latin verses as published by Wade, along with their English translation by Frederick Oakeley.
275:
1363:
1030:
805:
206:
The text has been translated innumerable times into English. The most common version today is a combination of one of
193:
141:
translated the hymn into English as "O Come All Ye Faithful", which became widespread in English-speaking countries.
122:
monks. The earliest printed version is in a book published by Wade. A manuscript by Wade, dating to 1751, is held by
1297:
726:
This theory regarding the hymn’s meaning has been most recently proposed by Professor Bennett Zon, head of music at
192:
The version published by Wade consisted of four Latin verses. Later in the 18th century, the French Catholic priest
1436:
1397:
214:
in 1852. Oakeley originally titled the song "Ye Faithful, approach ye" when it was sung at his Margaret Chapel in
1416:
760:
Proponents of this theory interpret the notions and circumstances described above as evidence that the lyrics of
252:
1134:
879:
841:
344:
1451:
1421:
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248:
170:
monks – the German, Portuguese or Spanish provinces of that order having at various times been credited.
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The fact that during the mid-18th century some English Roman Catholic liturgical books would place
260:
163:
115:
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1074:
825:
797:
278:
227:
123:
734:
The as-yet-unproven but popular claim that "Bethlehem" was a common Jacobite cipher for England.
777:
Sources that credit the hymn’s composition to Wade overlook the fact that the exact origins of
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957:
820:
769:
The absence of any textual evidence that can conclusively prove that Wade explicitly composed
727:
301:
240:
207:
174:
138:
107:
203:
wrote an additional three verses in Latin. Another anonymous Latin verse is rarely printed.
178:
812:
411:
313:
309:
256:
159:
103:
66:
975:
811:
In the United Kingdom and United States it is often sung today in an arrangement by Sir
904:
860:
1323:
1161:
17:
1410:
801:
800:, if at all; while the last verse of the original is normally reserved for Christmas
219:
997:
1276:"Behind the Carols: O Come, All Ye Faithful – University Lutheran – Tallahassee FL"
325:
317:
158:
has been from time to time attributed to various groups and individuals, including
403:
378:
1322:
Montani, Nicola A. (Nicola Aloysius); Society of St. Gregory of America (1915).
340:
331:
264:
119:
737:
The claim (also currently unproven) that Wade deliberately meant for the title
222:, in 1795, heard a version of it sung at the Portuguese embassy in London, now
166:
in the 17th, though it was more commonly believed that the text was written by
1391:
837:
711:
423:
387:
215:
167:
127:
961:
320:, contrary to modern versions. It was published again in the 1760 edition of
1034:
336:
1013:
Be Still, My Soul: The Inspiring Stories behind 175 of the Most-Loved Hymns
952:
Neves, José Maria (1998). "Música Sacra em Minas Gerais no século XVIII".
866:
Adeste Fideles is traditionally the final anthem during Midnight Mass at
1386:
1101:
833:
830:
1184:"O' Come All Ye Faithful: The Story Behind The Famous Christmas Carol"
847:
This carol has served as the penultimate hymn sung at the Festival of
844:
in verse seven (verse four in the original), which is sung in unison.
856:
1222:"Bonnie Prince Charlie and the Christmas Carol – Durham University"
823:
series. This arrangement makes use of the basic harmonisation from
291:
836:
in verse six (verse three in the original) with its reharmonised
308:(1751), with four Latin verses, and music set in the traditional
1374:
177:, whose name appears on the earliest printed versions. Wade, an
155:
134:
1250:"The history of a Christmas classic, 'O Come, All Ye Faithful'"
723:
to be a ciphered birth ode to the Jacobite’s Young Pretender.
360:
1092:
Zon, Bennett (May 1996). "The Origin of 'Adeste fideles'".
756:
physically close to prayers for the would-be king in exile.
173:
In modern English hymnals, the text is usually credited to
243:, the tune has been attributed to several musicians, from
277:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
224:
Our Lady of the Assumption and St Gregory, Warwick Street
1340:"Libretto for Midnight Mass 2019, St. Peter's Basilica"
901:"Adeste Fideles: A Study on Its Origin and Development"
106:
that has been attributed to various authors, including
1244:
1242:
1387:
Original Latin, English translation, historical notes
1360:
Text, translations and settings of "Adeste fideles"
659:
We to the Christ Child bring our hearts’ oblations.
80:
72:
62:
50:
45:
557:Yea, Lord, we greet thee, born this happy morning;
183:Cantus Diversi pro Dominicis et Festis per annum
522:O come, all ye faithful, joyful and triumphant!
1400:, sung to David Willcocks' arrangement by the
1096:. Vol. 24, no. 2. pp. 279–288.
655:Lo! star led chieftains, Magi, Christ adoring,
648:We too will thither bend our joyful footsteps;
644:See how the shepherds, summoned to His cradle,
1298:"History of Hymns: "O Come, All Ye Faithful""
670:Who would not love Thee, loving us so dearly?
666:Child, for us sinners poor and in the manger,
36:O Come, All Ye Faithful (The Vampire Diaries)
8:
815:, which was originally published in 1961 by
581:
561:Word of the Father, now in flesh appearing!
546:Sing, choirs of angels, sing in exultation,
511:
498:
491:
478:
471:
458:
451:
436:
96:
54:
941:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 47.
42:
1122:International Music Score Library Project
668:We would embrace Thee, with love and awe;
296:Adeste fideles (earliest printed version)
1069:
1067:
1024:
1022:
646:Leaving their flocks, draw nigh to gaze;
1081:. Harvard University Press. p. 14.
932:
930:
928:
926:
891:
679:Of the Eternal Father, veiled in flesh,
185:. This is the first printed source for
548:Sing, all ye citizens of Heaven above!
421:
1325:The Catholic Choirmaster, Volumes 1-5
594:Stella duce, Magi Christum adorantes,
27:Christmas carol of unknown authorship
7:
911:from the original on 13 October 2007
537:Lo, he abhors not the Virgin's womb;
806:Mass at Dawn or Mass during the Day
657:Offer Him incense, gold, and myrrh;
627:Cantet nunc hymnos chorus angelorum
609:Sic nos amantem quis non redamaret?
583:En grege relicto, humiles ad cunas,
550:Glory to God, glory in the highest:
976:"The One Show films at Stonyhurst"
853:Choir of King's College, Cambridge
677:We shall see the eternal splendour
616:Æterni Parentis splendorem æternum
605:Pro nobis egenum et fœno cubantem,
596:Aurum, tus et myrrham dant munera.
524:O come ye, O come ye to Bethlehem;
422:Problems playing these files? See
25:
1373:of "O Come, All ye Faithful" for
1162:"Carol is 'ode to Bonnie Prince'"
1149:The Hymns and Carols of Christmas
939:The Presbyterian Hymnal Companion
681:The infant God wrapped in cloths.
504:Patris æterni Verbum caro factum.
480:Cantet nunc io, chorus angelorum;
438:Adeste fideles læti triumphantes,
539:Very God, begotten, not created:
401:
376:
300:The hymn was first published by
133:The original four verses of the
1467:Hymns in The New English Hymnal
1383:, two 19th-century arrangements
1209:Secret Symbols of the Jacobites
1151:, Source for other five verses.
1079:The Harvard Dictionary of Music
954:Magis: Cadernos de fé e cultura
690:Sing now halls of the heavenly!
688:Sing now choir of angels hymns!
587:Et nos ovanti gradu festinemus,
484:Gloria, gloria in excelsis Deo,
464:Deum verum, genitum non factum.
251:, and even the German composer
194:Jean-François-Étienne Borderies
978:. Stonyhurst. 19 November 2014
956:(in Portuguese). No. 25.
705:Claims of Jacobite connections
694:O come, let us adore Him, (3Ă—)
683:O come, let us adore Him, (3Ă—)
672:O come, let us adore Him, (3Ă—)
661:O come, let us adore Him, (3Ă—)
650:O come, let us adore Him, (3Ă—)
620:Deum infantem pannis involutum
563:O come, let us adore Him, (3Ă—)
559:Jesus, to thee be glory given!
552:O come, let us adore Him, (3Ă—)
541:O come, let us adore Him, (3Ă—)
530:O come, let us adore Him, (3Ă—)
1:
1015:. Tyndale House. p. 219.
998:"Frederick Oakeley 1802–1880"
855:, after the last lesson from
322:Evening Offices of the Church
1364:Choral Public Domain Library
692:Glory to God in the highest!
598:Iesu infanti corda præbeamus
585:Vocati pastores adproperant:
500:Ergo qui natus die hodierna.
460:Deum de Deo, lumen de lumine
440:Venite, venite in Bethlehem.
274:
162:in the 13th century or King
1457:Hymns in The English Hymnal
1442:18th-century hymns in Latin
629:Cantet nunc aula cælestium,
618:Velatum sub carne videbimus
535:God of God, light of light,
482:Cantet nunc aula cælestium,
118:(1604–1656), and anonymous
1483:
1058:The Christmas Encyclopedia
1056:Crump, William D. (2013).
937:McKim, LindaJo H. (1993).
255:. The Portuguese composer
29:
1462:Christmas carols in Latin
1393:"O Come, All Ye Faithful"
819:in the first book in the
607:Piis foveamus amplexibus.
582:
339:also made its way to the
314:medieval liturgical music
263:have also been credited.
154:The original text of the
97:
1135:Evangelisches Gesangbuch
1031:"O Come All Ye Faithful"
1011:Petersen, Randy (2014).
880:List of Christmas carols
842:last verse harmonisation
782:other plausible authors.
528:Born the King of Angels:
345:Friedrich Heinrich Ranke
261:King John IV of Portugal
164:John IV of Portugal
116:King John IV of Portugal
1427:English Christian hymns
1302:Discipleship Ministries
1164:. BBC. 18 December 2008
849:Nine Lessons and Carols
817:Oxford University Press
631:Gloria in excelsis Deo!
330:An Essay on the Church
279:download the audio file
92:O Come, All Ye Faithful
46:O Come, All Ye Faithful
899:Stephan, John (1947).
745:("of the angels") and
512:
502:Jesu, tibi sit gloria,
499:
492:
479:
472:
462:Gestant puellæ viscera
459:
452:
437:
390:choir Collegium Vocale
365:
324:. It also appeared in
297:
55:
18:O Come All Ye Faithful
1447:Charles Edward Stuart
1362:: Free scores at the
840:accompaniment, and a
717:Bonnie Prince Charlie
364:
316:. This version is in
295:
1220:University, Durham.
868:St. Peter's Basilica
633:Venite adoremus (3Ă—)
622:Venite adoremus (3Ă—)
611:Venite adoremus (3Ă—)
600:Venite adoremus (3Ă—)
589:Venite adoremus (3Ă—)
1345:. 24 December 2019.
1075:Randel, Don Michael
1037:on 11 December 2012
749:("of the English").
526:Come and behold Him
32:The Vampire Diaries
30:For the episode of
1377:from Cantorion.org
1256:. 10 December 2021
826:The English Hymnal
366:
304:in his collection
298:
288:Published versions
124:Stonyhurst College
94:", also known as "
1437:Songs about Jesus
1402:Georgia Boy Choir
1278:. 6 December 2017
821:Carols for Choirs
728:Durham University
702:
701:
696:Christ the Lord.
571:
570:
565:Christ the Lord.
406:
382:
302:John Francis Wade
283:
241:John Francis Wade
208:Frederick Oakeley
175:John Francis Wade
139:Frederick Oakeley
108:John Francis Wade
88:
87:
16:(Redirected from
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1417:Christmas carols
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1033:. Archived from
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870:in the Vatican.
765:theory. Namely:
685:Christ the Lord.
674:Christ the Lord.
663:Christ the Lord.
652:Christ the Lord.
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554:Christ the Lord.
543:Christ the Lord.
532:Christ the Lord.
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444:Regem angelorum:
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397:"Adeste Fideles"
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372:"Adeste Fideles"
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247:and his son, to
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179:English Catholic
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1060:(3rd ed.).
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739:Regem Angelorum
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506:Venite adoremus
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310:square notation
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257:Marcos Portugal
237:
212:Murray's Hymnal
196:
160:St. Bonaventure
152:
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104:Christmas carol
67:Christmas music
39:
28:
23:
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15:
12:
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5:
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1452:Jacobite songs
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1422:Catholic music
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1381:Adeste Fideles
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1354:External links
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1190:. 6 April 2018
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861:Gospel of John
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762:Adeste Fideles
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76:Latin, English
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329:
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321:
318:triple meter
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1371:sheet music
1307:25 December
1282:25 December
1260:25 December
1231:25 December
1194:25 December
1168:18 December
1094:Early Music
982:16 December
915:19 December
829:but adds a
791:Performance
743:"Angelorum"
341:Sacred Harp
332:Plain Chant
265:Thomas Arne
259:as well as
197: [
51:Native name
1432:Hymn tunes
1411:Categories
1188:MyNativity
1041:4 December
886:References
747:"Anglorum"
424:media help
388:A cappella
216:Marylebone
168:Cistercian
128:Lancashire
120:Cistercian
962:1676-7748
857:Chapter 1
337:hymn tune
312:used for
81:Published
1077:(2003).
909:Archived
874:See also
798:Epiphany
712:Jacobite
635:Dominum.
624:Dominum.
613:Dominum.
602:Dominum.
591:Dominum.
513:Dominum.
493:Dominum.
473:Dominum.
453:Dominum.
239:Besides
102:", is a
73:Language
1398:YouTube
1102:3128115
859:of the
851:by the
834:descant
831:soprano
228:Randell
145:History
1100:
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774:group.
351:Lyrics
249:Handel
34:, see
1369:Free
1343:(PDF)
1098:JSTOR
838:organ
253:Gluck
201:]
63:Genre
1375:SATB
1309:2022
1284:2022
1262:2022
1233:2022
1196:2022
1170:2007
1043:2012
984:2015
958:ISSN
917:2019
509:(3Ă—)
489:(3Ă—)
469:(3Ă—)
449:(3Ă—)
235:Tune
156:hymn
150:Text
135:hymn
84:1751
1396:on
328:'s
126:in
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