33:
1723:
509:
society. The natural lifestyle of physically labouring to provide for natural foods and building shelters and communities gave way to modern conveniences like drive through restaurants, motorised vehicles, air travel, wireless communications, and pharmaceutical and recreational drugs. The development of modern society, although advanced with technologies, has also made it easy for many to live an unhealthy lifestyle, therefore leading to obesity.
52:
44:
448:
407:
used to be rare in people under 70. Now, doctors report that they have become common amongst patients in their 20s and 30s. Research done on globalization's impact on health indicates that the rise in average BMI in Fiji correlates with the increase in imports of processed food. Dr Temo K Waqanivalu,
508:
The arrival of fast food restaurants and other contemporary food items on the islands are one of the issues responsible for the obesity in Samoa. The earliest photographs of
Samoans provide visual proof of the native population's natural physique before the introduction of processed foods by Western
610:
However, such existing public health programs based on nutrition and exercise, solely focusing on the domain of health, have achieved little success. Histories of social values surrounding food and health is often overlooked, and may explain why food habits are hard to change through public health
522:
In the early twentieth century, external people visiting the islands such as missionaries and colonial visitors to the
Pacific Islands influenced local food habits. In the 1910s, European colonial powers introduced a number of foods to the Nauruans to mitigate impacts of drought and famine and add
538:
foods), including past poor public education on diet, exercise and health. Micronutrient deficiencies are also common. Feasting and festivals are major parts of life, imported foods have been given higher social status than local, healthier foods, and historically a large body size was associated
606:
The World Health
Organization implemented various fiscal policies to fight the rise of childhood obesity. Policies include (1) taxation of sugar sweetened beverages (20% SSB Tax) (2) New Marketing on Unhealthy Foods and Beverages to Children (3) International Code of Marketing on Breast Milk
554:
Nutrient transmission (change in diet) is the primary cause of the obesity epidemic in the
Pacific Islands, with a high amount of imported foods high in salt and fat content. Much of the local diet as of at least 2008 consists of processed, salty and calorie-dense imported food such as
420:
in 2008, there were 2000 cases of diabetes out of a population of 53,000. Diabetes prevalence in adults in the
Marshall Islands in 2011 was 21.8%. A survey done in the Marshall Islands revealed that the percentage of the total population considered overweight or obese was 62.5%.
523:
variety to the
Nauruan diet. In the 1920s, the wife of one missionary taught Nauruans to fry fish in a pan rather than eat it raw. Over time, such changes led to skill loss (in fishing and food preservation) and dependence on foreign foods.
433:
comprises fifteen small islands and has a local population of about 10,000 people. In the Cook
Islands, meals and feasts exemplify a level of community. Food habits play a role in maintaining social status and hierarchy.
75:
bodies, which typically have larger bone and muscle mass than
Caucasian bodies; however, this would not account for the drastically higher rates of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes among these same islanders.
719:
Snowdon, Wendy; Malakellis, Mary; Millar, Lynne; Swinburn, Boyd (2014). "Ability of body mass index and waist circumference to identify risk factors for non-communicable disease in the
Pacific Islands".
1495:
59:
Pacific island nations and associated states make up the top seven on a 2007 list of heaviest countries, and eight of the top ten. In all these cases, more than 70% of citizens aged 15 and over are
1504:
898:
Lin, Tracy Kuo; Teymourian, Yasmin; Tursini, Maitri Shila (14 April 2018). "The effect of sugar and processed food imports on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 172 countries".
2269:
980:"An assessment of non-communicable diseases, diabetes, and related risk factors in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Kwajelein Atoll, Ebeye Island: a systems perspective"
598:
A trend of childhood overweight and obesity rates is on the rise. In 2016, the highest rates of obesity for girls (over 30%) were in Nauru and for boys in the Cook
Islands.
1488:
658:
32:
775:
680:
2072:
1977:
1481:
803:
620:
408:
a Fijian representative for WHO, attributes health problems in his country to the replacement of traditional foods by more glamorous imported foods.
1524:
2046:
469:
1325:
2011:
1989:
1984:
1298:
1519:
1147:
923:
495:
1192:
666:
2001:
1996:
755:
2259:
2087:
1193:"Bringing everyday life into the study of 'lifestyle diseases': lessons from an ethnographic investigation of obesity in Nauru"
1421:
Kaforau, Lydia S. K.; Tessema, Gizachew A.; Jancey, Jonine; Dhamrait, Gursimran; Bugoro, Hugo; Pereira, Gavin (1 April 2022).
2223:
1569:
473:
314:
114:
2188:
1950:
388:
2150:
2039:
1781:
37:
2228:
458:
1965:
2238:
2183:
1242:"Regulatory measures to fight obesity in Small Island Developing States of the Caribbean and Pacific, 2015 – 2017"
978:
Ichiho, Henry M.; Seremai, Johannes; Trinidad, Richard; Paul, Irene; Langidrik, Justina; Aitaoto, Nia (May 2013).
477:
462:
2198:
2178:
2107:
1640:
2117:
2279:
2274:
2264:
2218:
2173:
1928:
592:
384:
2213:
2193:
1034:"Obesity emergence in the Pacific islands: why understanding colonial history and social change is important"
17:
1791:
635:
701:
2097:
2032:
526:
A relatively sedentary lifestyle, including among children, is also contributing to rising obesity rates.
1130:
2233:
2132:
1960:
1689:
392:
2127:
1423:"Prevalence and risk factors of adverse birth outcomes in the Pacific Island region: A scoping review"
2203:
2067:
1972:
1652:
876:
2082:
1757:
1329:
953:
830:
625:
1081:
630:
371:. 31% of Nauruans are diabetic. This rate is as high as 45% among the 55–64-year-old age group .
534:
Obesity in the Pacific Islands is also thought to be influenced by social and cultural factors (
383:
is 71 and has been steadily rising since the 1960s. Up to 40% of the population is said to have
2208:
1834:
1819:
1796:
1460:
1442:
1403:
1279:
1261:
1073:
1055:
1009:
991:
737:
685:
1240:
Foster, Nicole; Thow, Anne Marie; Unwin, Nigel; Alvarado, Miriam; Samuels, T. Alafia (2018).
2122:
2112:
2102:
2092:
1870:
1824:
1786:
1732:
1674:
1589:
1564:
1450:
1434:
1393:
1350:
1269:
1253:
1177:
1099:
1063:
1045:
999:
903:
729:
607:
Substitutes. Different nations implemented these WHO recommendations to a different extent.
417:
362:
262:
2155:
2077:
1955:
1684:
1599:
1534:
931:
780:
584:
64:
1155:
1068:
1033:
1913:
1903:
1888:
1862:
1801:
1669:
1473:
1455:
1422:
1274:
1004:
979:
68:
51:
2253:
1908:
1880:
1829:
1706:
1696:
1664:
1635:
588:
564:
539:
with wealth, power and beauty. The Nauru term for satisfaction and feeling healthy,
43:
2006:
1923:
1918:
1893:
1741:
1380:
Colagiuri, S; Colagiuri, R; Na'Ati, S; Muimuiheata, S; Hussain, Z; Palu, T (2002).
1085:
568:
430:
395:
for being the heaviest-ever monarch— with a weight of 200 kilograms (440 lb).
236:
127:
1217:
1438:
1933:
1844:
1679:
1579:
560:
556:
447:
72:
1362:
954:"Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79) - Marshall Islands | Data"
847:
733:
563:, rather than traditional fresh fish, fruit and vegetables. Some foods high in
1398:
1381:
1148:"WHO | Pacific islanders pay heavy price for abandoning traditional diet"
1050:
908:
808:
55:
Share of adults that are obese in different countries in Oceania, 1975 to 2016
1446:
1265:
1241:
1059:
995:
1773:
1763:
1659:
1549:
572:
1464:
1407:
1283:
1257:
1077:
1013:
741:
1559:
924:"WHO | Pacific islanders pay heavy price for abandoning traditional diet"
327:
1852:
1722:
1647:
1614:
1508:
60:
2024:
1811:
1701:
1609:
404:
275:
595:. Maternal obesity has been associated with preterm birth in Palau.
27:
Overview of the causes for and prevalence of obesity in the Pacific
1630:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1574:
380:
368:
340:
301:
249:
223:
179:
140:
101:
50:
1898:
1746:
1554:
288:
166:
153:
2028:
1477:
575:
are sold in the Pacific islands due to relatively low wealth.
441:
583:
Obesity is leading to increased levels of illness, including
877:"Modern life means modern ills for obese Pacific islanders"
71:
bodies may need to be adjusted for appraising obesity in
546:
High rates of obesity appear within 15 months of birth.
1131:"WHO Western Pacific | World Health Organization"
756:"Obesity - adult prevalence rate - the World Factbook"
1032:
McLennan, Amy K.; Ulijaszek, Stanley J. (June 2015).
1382:"The Prevalence of Diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga"
2164:
2141:
2060:
1879:
1861:
1843:
1810:
1772:
1755:
1730:
1623:
1542:
1533:
769:
767:
765:
535:
1299:"Spam at heart of South Pacific obesity crisis"
1125:
1123:
1121:
984:Hawai'i Journal of Medicine & Public Health
702:"Island Where Obesity May Not be All It Seems"
2040:
1978:Political status of the Cook Islands and Niue
1489:
18:Obesity in the Federated States of Micronesia
8:
2270:Health in the Federated States of Micronesia
1427:The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific
1200:Journal of Anthropological Society of Oxford
776:"Fat of the land: Nauru tops obesity league"
681:"Fat of the land: Nauru tops obesity league"
476:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2047:
2033:
2025:
1769:
1539:
1496:
1482:
1474:
1326:"South Pacific Leads the World in Obesity"
621:List of countries by Body Mass Index (BMI)
205:
93:% of overweight persons (age 15 and over)
83:
1454:
1397:
1273:
1218:"Samoan obesity epidemic starts at birth"
1067:
1049:
1003:
907:
543:, is the same as fullness or distention.
496:Learn how and when to remove this message
1525:List of Oceanian countries by population
722:Obesity Research & Clinical Practice
652:
650:
42:
31:
1178:"Pacific islanders are world's fattest"
1100:"Pacific Islanders are world's fattest"
646:
367:Obesity is seen as a sign of wealth in
871:
869:
1246:Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
1235:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1027:
1025:
1023:
842:
840:
67:measures used to appraise obesity in
7:
2012:United States Minor Outlying Islands
1363:"How mutton flaps are killing Tonga"
848:"How mutton flaps are killing Tonga"
474:adding citations to reliable sources
63:. A mitigating argument is that the
1990:Australian Indian Ocean Territories
1985:States and territories of Australia
1520:List of Oceanian countries by area
518:Colonial history and social change
25:
774:Marks, Kathy (26 December 2010).
700:Bialik, By Carl (12 April 2013).
657:Lauren Streib (8 February 2007).
36:Nauruan residents walking around
2002:Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)
1997:Territories of the United States
1721:
1324:Phil Mercer (26 February 2007).
802:Streib, Lauren (2 August 2007).
530:Cultural standards and practices
446:
115:Micronesia, Federated States of
2073:Federated States of Micronesia
1297:Nick Squires (12 April 2008).
391:, who died in 2006, holds the
315:Federated States of Micronesia
1:
1951:British Overseas Territories
1439:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100402
1782:Ashmore and Cartier Islands
659:"World's Fattest Countries"
38:Nauru International Airport
2296:
1966:Overseas country of France
734:10.1016/j.orcp.2012.06.005
360:
1946:
1719:
1515:
1505:Countries and territories
1399:10.2337/diacare.25.8.1378
1051:10.1017/S136898001400175X
909:10.1186/s12992-018-0344-y
804:"Nauru: 94.5% overweight"
2224:Northern Mariana Islands
1929:Northern Mariana Islands
900:Globalization and Health
602:Efforts to treat obesity
593:noncommunicable diseases
2189:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1792:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1351:Obesity in Nauru#Causes
1038:Public Health Nutrition
636:Epidemiology of obesity
2260:Obesity in the Pacific
1641:Juan Fernández Islands
1258:10.26633/RPSP.2018.191
879:. AFP. 8 February 2008
831:"World Bank Open Data"
80:Overweight populations
56:
48:
47:Young Nauruans in 1914
40:
2167:and other territories
1961:Overseas collectivity
1191:McLennan, AK (2015).
591:and other associated
550:Nutrient transmission
393:Guinness World Record
54:
46:
35:
1973:Realm of New Zealand
990:(5 Suppl 1): 77–86.
470:improve this section
1303:The Daily Telegraph
1180:. 28 November 2001.
706:Wall Street Journal
689:. 26 December 2010.
669:on 25 January 2017.
626:Genetics of obesity
389:Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV
379:Life expectancy in
215:% of obese persons
2055:Obesity in Oceania
1369:. 18 January 2016.
1106:. 28 November 2001
958:data.worldbank.org
631:New World syndrome
57:
49:
41:
2247:
2246:
2239:Wallis and Futuna
2184:Clipperton Island
2142:Associated states
2022:
2021:
1942:
1941:
1835:Wallis and Futuna
1820:Clipperton Island
1797:Coral Sea Islands
1733:Associated states
1717:
1716:
1653:Galápagos Islands
854:. 18 January 2016
686:Independent.co.uk
506:
505:
498:
349:
348:
191:Obese populations
188:
187:
16:(Redirected from
2287:
2229:Pitcairn Islands
2199:French Polynesia
2179:Christmas Island
2108:Papua New Guinea
2088:Marshall Islands
2061:Sovereign states
2049:
2042:
2035:
2026:
1871:Pitcairn Islands
1825:French Polynesia
1787:Christmas Island
1770:
1725:
1590:Papua New Guinea
1565:Marshall Islands
1540:
1535:Sovereign states
1498:
1491:
1484:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1458:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1401:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1359:
1353:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1328:. Archived from
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1277:
1237:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1197:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1154:. Archived from
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1127:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1071:
1053:
1044:(8): 1499–1505.
1029:
1018:
1017:
1007:
975:
969:
968:
966:
964:
950:
944:
943:
941:
939:
930:. Archived from
920:
914:
913:
911:
902:. Vol. 14.
895:
889:
888:
886:
884:
873:
864:
863:
861:
859:
844:
835:
834:
827:
821:
820:
818:
816:
799:
793:
792:
790:
788:
771:
760:
759:
752:
746:
745:
716:
710:
709:
697:
691:
690:
677:
671:
670:
665:. Archived from
654:
501:
494:
490:
487:
481:
450:
442:
418:Marshall Islands
412:Marshall Islands
363:Obesity in Nauru
263:Marshall Islands
206:
203:
202:
198:
90:Pacific country
84:
21:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2280:Health in Samoa
2275:Health in Nauru
2265:Health in Tonga
2250:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2166:
2160:
2143:
2137:
2118:Solomon Islands
2056:
2053:
2023:
2018:
1956:Overseas France
1938:
1875:
1857:
1839:
1806:
1766:
1761:
1751:
1735:
1726:
1713:
1685:Southwest Papua
1619:
1600:Solomon Islands
1529:
1511:
1502:
1472:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1349:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1332:on 24 June 2016
1323:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1239:
1238:
1225:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1161:
1159:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1119:
1109:
1107:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1031:
1030:
1021:
977:
976:
972:
962:
960:
952:
951:
947:
937:
935:
922:
921:
917:
897:
896:
892:
882:
880:
875:
874:
867:
857:
855:
846:
845:
838:
829:
828:
824:
814:
812:
801:
800:
796:
786:
784:
781:The Independent
773:
772:
763:
754:
753:
749:
718:
717:
713:
699:
698:
694:
679:
678:
674:
656:
655:
648:
644:
617:
604:
585:type 2 diabetes
581:
552:
532:
520:
515:
502:
491:
485:
482:
467:
451:
440:
427:
414:
401:
387:. Tongan Royal
385:type 2 diabetes
377:
365:
359:
354:
204:
200:
196:
194:
193:
82:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2293:
2291:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2252:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2219:Norfolk Island
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2174:American Samoa
2170:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2144:of New Zealand
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2029:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1914:Johnston Atoll
1911:
1906:
1904:Howland Island
1901:
1896:
1891:
1889:American Samoa
1885:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1863:United Kingdom
1859:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1816:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1802:Norfolk Island
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1767:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1738:
1736:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1670:Highland Papua
1667:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1546:
1544:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1478:
1471:
1470:
1413:
1392:(8): 1378–83.
1372:
1354:
1343:
1316:
1289:
1223:
1209:
1183:
1169:
1158:on 19 May 2012
1139:
1117:
1091:
1019:
970:
945:
934:on 19 May 2012
915:
890:
865:
836:
822:
794:
761:
747:
711:
692:
672:
645:
643:
640:
639:
638:
633:
628:
623:
616:
613:
603:
600:
589:heart diseases
580:
577:
551:
548:
531:
528:
519:
516:
514:
511:
504:
503:
454:
452:
445:
439:
436:
426:
423:
413:
410:
400:
397:
376:
373:
361:Main article:
358:
355:
353:
350:
347:
346:
343:
338:
334:
333:
330:
325:
321:
320:
317:
312:
308:
307:
304:
299:
295:
294:
291:
286:
282:
281:
278:
273:
269:
268:
265:
260:
256:
255:
252:
247:
243:
242:
239:
234:
230:
229:
226:
221:
217:
216:
213:
210:
192:
189:
186:
185:
182:
177:
173:
172:
169:
164:
160:
159:
156:
151:
147:
146:
143:
138:
134:
133:
130:
125:
121:
120:
117:
112:
108:
107:
104:
99:
95:
94:
91:
88:
87:World ranking
81:
78:
26:
24:
14:
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2214:New Caledonia
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1665:Central Papua
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1386:Diabetes Care
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728:(1): e36–45.
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715:
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608:
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566:
565:saturated fat
562:
558:
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537:
529:
527:
524:
517:
512:
510:
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489:
486:November 2022
479:
475:
471:
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455:This section
453:
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70:
66:
62:
53:
45:
39:
34:
30:
19:
2165:Dependencies
2151:Cook Islands
2007:Insular area
1924:Midway Atoll
1919:Kingman Reef
1894:Baker Island
1758:Dependencies
1742:Cook Islands
1430:
1426:
1416:
1389:
1385:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1346:
1334:. Retrieved
1330:the original
1319:
1307:. Retrieved
1302:
1292:
1249:
1245:
1212:
1203:
1199:
1186:
1172:
1160:. Retrieved
1156:the original
1151:
1142:
1108:. Retrieved
1103:
1094:
1041:
1037:
987:
983:
973:
961:. Retrieved
957:
948:
936:. Retrieved
932:the original
927:
918:
899:
893:
881:. Retrieved
856:. Retrieved
851:
825:
813:. Retrieved
807:
797:
785:. Retrieved
779:
750:
725:
721:
714:
705:
695:
684:
675:
667:the original
662:
609:
605:
597:
582:
573:turkey tails
569:mutton flaps
553:
545:
540:
533:
525:
521:
507:
492:
483:
468:Please help
456:
431:Cook Islands
428:
425:Cook Islands
415:
402:
378:
366:
237:Cook Islands
128:Cook Islands
58:
29:
2098:New Zealand
1934:Wake Island
1845:New Zealand
1764:territories
1680:South Papua
1580:New Zealand
1152:www.who.int
928:www.who.int
561:corned beef
2254:Categories
1690:West Papua
1570:Micronesia
1433:: 100402.
1206:: 286–301.
1162:15 January
938:4 November
858:19 January
815:23 January
809:Forbes.com
787:23 January
642:References
611:programs.
73:Polynesian
2068:Australia
1774:Australia
1660:Indonesia
1550:Australia
1447:2666-6065
1309:21 August
1266:1020-4989
1110:21 August
1060:1368-9800
996:2165-8242
883:21 August
457:does not
403:In Fiji,
69:Caucasian
2083:Kiribati
1560:Kiribati
1465:35243458
1408:12145238
1367:BBC News
1305:. London
1284:31093218
1252:: e191.
1104:BBC News
1078:25166024
1069:10271720
1014:23901366
963:22 April
852:BBC News
742:24548575
615:See also
567:such as
328:Kiribati
2234:Tokelau
2133:Vanuatu
1853:Tokelau
1648:Ecuador
1624:In part
1615:Vanuatu
1509:Oceania
1456:8873950
1336:15 July
1275:6386011
1086:6823966
1005:3689463
579:Results
478:removed
463:sources
416:In the
405:strokes
352:Nations
212:Country
2209:Hawaii
2128:Tuvalu
1812:France
1762:other
1702:Hawaii
1610:Tuvalu
1543:Entire
1463:
1453:
1445:
1406:
1282:
1272:
1264:
1084:
1076:
1066:
1058:
1012:
1002:
994:
740:
663:Forbes
513:Causes
345:47.30
332:46.00
319:47.30
306:48.20
293:50.00
280:51.60
276:Tuvalu
267:52.90
254:55.30
241:55.90
228:61.00
195:": -->
2123:Tonga
2113:Samoa
2103:Palau
2093:Nauru
1675:Papua
1631:Chile
1605:Tonga
1595:Samoa
1585:Palau
1575:Nauru
1196:(PDF)
1134:(PDF)
1082:S2CID
541:pweda
536:tambu
438:Samoa
381:Tonga
375:Tonga
369:Nauru
357:Nauru
341:Samoa
302:Tonga
250:Palau
224:Nauru
184:78.4
180:Palau
171:80.4
158:81.7
145:90.8
141:Tonga
132:90.9
119:91.1
106:94.5
102:Nauru
61:obese
2204:Guam
2156:Niue
2078:Fiji
1899:Guam
1747:Niue
1555:Fiji
1461:PMID
1443:ISSN
1404:PMID
1338:2016
1311:2009
1280:PMID
1262:ISSN
1164:2022
1112:2009
1074:PMID
1056:ISSN
1010:PMID
992:ISSN
965:2022
940:2018
885:2009
860:2016
817:2013
789:2013
738:PMID
587:and
571:and
557:spam
461:any
459:cite
429:The
399:Fiji
289:Niue
209:Rank
197:edit
167:Fiji
154:Niue
1760:and
1507:of
1451:PMC
1435:doi
1394:doi
1270:PMC
1254:doi
1064:PMC
1046:doi
1000:PMC
904:doi
730:doi
559:or
472:by
65:BMI
2256::
1459:.
1449:.
1441:.
1431:21
1429:.
1425:.
1402:.
1390:25
1388:.
1384:.
1365:.
1301:.
1278:.
1268:.
1260:.
1250:42
1248:.
1244:.
1226:^
1202:.
1198:.
1150:.
1120:^
1102:.
1080:.
1072:.
1062:.
1054:.
1042:18
1040:.
1036:.
1022:^
1008:.
998:.
988:72
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982:.
956:.
926:.
868:^
850:.
839:^
806:.
778:.
764:^
736:.
724:.
704:.
683:.
661:.
649:^
337:10
176:7.
163:6.
150:5.
137:4.
124:3.
111:2.
98:1.
2048:e
2041:t
2034:v
1497:e
1490:t
1483:v
1467:.
1437::
1410:.
1396::
1340:.
1313:.
1286:.
1256::
1220:.
1204:7
1166:.
1136:.
1114:.
1088:.
1048::
1016:.
967:.
942:.
912:.
906::
887:.
862:.
833:.
819:.
791:.
758:.
744:.
732::
726:8
708:.
499:)
493:(
488:)
484:(
480:.
466:.
324:9
311:8
298:7
285:6
272:5
259:4
246:3
233:2
220:1
201:]
20:)
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