50:
1503:
811:
753:
734:
804:
797:
1508:
1062:
184:. With overt prolapses, the diagnosis can be confirmed if the cord can be palpated on vaginal examination. Without overt prolapse, the diagnosis can only be confirmed after a
1404:
119:
enters the blood stream of the mother to trigger a serious reaction. This reaction then results in cardiorespiratory (heart and lung) collapse and massive bleeding (
74:
reports that as of 2011, about one third of
American births have some complications; many are directly related to the mother's health including increasing rates of
1845:
353:, the need for instrumental delivery, and an inexperienced attendant. Specific situations that can contribute to birth injury include breech presentation,
325:
is of most concern and the least likely to quickly or completely heal. Treatment is immediate delivery (C-section). Causes of perinatal asphyxia include
87:
443:
623:
1542:
1042:
1009:
700:
214:(a small pelvis or large infant). Prolonged labour may result in maternal exhaustion, fetal distress, and other complications including
202:
The second stage of labour may be delayed or lengthy due to poor or uncoordinated uterine action, an abnormal uterine position such as
142:
of vital organs and death if not rapidly treated. Blood transfusion may be life-saving. Causes of heavy bleeding during labour include
1057:
1460:
1315:
1242:
937:
617:
545:
519:
1487:
1108:
846:
989:
134:
is the leading cause of death in birthing mothers globally, especially in the developing world. Heavy blood loss may lead to
1191:
439:
71:
1475:
1103:
255:
1271:
211:
1750:
1382:
1181:
1155:
891:
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642:"Long-term cognitive and behavioral consequences of neonatal encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia: A review"
1535:
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1327:
1227:
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1709:
945:
772:
432:
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1344:
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1024:
326:
159:
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1004:
981:
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604:
370:
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90:(CDC) has led an initiative to improve women's health previous to conception in an effort to improve both
789:
1650:
1429:
1424:
876:
433:"Healthy Women, Healthy Babies: How health reform can improve the health of women and babies in America"
176:. Umbilical cord prolapse should always be considered a possibility when there is a sudden decrease in
1791:
1737:
1434:
1303:
1198:
1019:
994:
408:
354:
181:
131:
407:. A uterine rupture is a life-threatening event for both mother and baby as it typically results in
49:
1819:
1760:
1691:
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1470:
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1237:
1222:
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866:
757:
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143:
83:
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1399:
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1339:
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871:
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if the fetus is mature (36 weeks or older), or if a younger fetus or the mother is in distress.
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38:
17:
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to a newborn infant during labour. Hypoxic damage can occur to most of the infant's organs (
185:
177:
1637:
1611:
1387:
1354:
1143:
1128:
908:
382:
147:
79:
399:
is still intact. With a complete rupture, the contents of the uterus may spill into the
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1137:
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666:
641:
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120:
777:
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Education material for teachers of midwifery : midwifery education modules
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480:
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43:
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from the uterus. Treatment of placental abruption during labour is immediate
1560:
962:
821:
747:
743:
139:
112:
675:
582:
496:
254:
Premature labour is labour that spontaneously occurs earlier than 37 weeks
612:(2nd ed.). Geneva : World Health Organization. 2008. pp. 38–44.
856:
233:
91:
726:
1520:
1161:
318:
188:, though even then it will not always be evident at time of procedure.
75:
514:. Chichester, West Sussex, UK Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
467:
Stafford, Irene; Sheffield, Jeanne (2007). "Amniotic Fluid
Embolism".
1583:
1165:
738:
169:
1124:
1095:
928:
310:
302:
277:
237:
173:
63:
is a difficulty or abnormality that arises during the process of
361:. Most fetal birth injuries resolve without long term harm, but
306:
1524:
793:
640:
Handel, M.; Swaab, H.; De Vries, L.S.; Jongmans, M.J. (2007).
1063:
Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP)
695:(35th British ed.). London: Longman. p. 1046.
272:
A nuchal cord is a complication that occurs when the
716:
1453:
1373:
1257:
1121:
1094:
1076:
1018:
980:
971:
927:
845:
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540:. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. pp. 223–224.
37:
32:
469:Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
180:or variable decelerations, particularly after the
1405:Childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder
561:Lin, MG (April 2006). "Umbilical cord prolapse".
395:wall is breached. In an incomplete rupture, the
1536:
805:
431:Levi, J.; Kohn, D.; Johnson, K. (June 2011).
8:
387:A uterine rupture is a serious event during
345:Risk factors for fetal birth injury include
1543:
1529:
1521:
977:
842:
812:
798:
790:
717:
689:Warwick, R.; Williams, P.L., eds. (1973).
538:Williams manual of pregnancy complications
172:with or before the presenting part of the
88:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
48:
29:
665:
232:Placental abruption is separation of the
164:Umbilical cord prolapse occurs when the
423:
563:Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey
297:is a medical condition resulting from
1043:Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
1010:Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
7:
1846:Complications of labour and delivery
1109:Pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability
1058:Pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy
575:10.1097/01.ogx.0000208802.20908.c6
25:
1316:Pain management during childbirth
1243:Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
1502:
1501:
1488:Sexual activity during pregnancy
629:from the original on 2015-02-21.
449:from the original on 2012-06-24
990:Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
646:European Journal of Pediatrics
391:by which the integrity of the
1:
1192:Prelabor rupture of membranes
18:Obstetric labour complication
1756:Obstetric labor complication
1471:Systemic lupus erythematosus
1122:Maternal care related to the
1104:Gestational thrombocytopenia
111:(AFE) is a rare childbirth (
61:obstetric labor complication
33:Obstetric labor complication
1272:Cephalopelvic disproportion
276:becomes wrapped around the
212:cephalopelvic disproportion
1862:
1751:Complications of pregnancy
1383:Breastfeeding difficulties
1182:Constriction ring syndrome
1156:Braxton Hicks contractions
440:Trust for America's Health
380:
287:
265:
247:
225:
195:
157:
94:and maternal death rates.
72:Trust for America's Health
1815:
1797:Connective tissue disease
1782:
1769:
1746:
1718:
1700:
1687:
1669:
1646:
1633:
1620:
1592:
1574:
1556:
1496:
1420:Peripartum cardiomyopathy
1410:Pubic symphysis diastasis
658:10.1007/s00431-007-0437-8
481:10.1016/j.ogc.2007.08.002
1787:Musculoskeletal disorder
1710:Gastrointestinal disease
946:Gestational hypertension
536:Leveno, Kenneth (2016).
1345:Umbilical cord prolapse
1267:Amniotic fluid embolism
1025:dermatoses of pregnancy
341:Mechanical fetal injury
327:umbilical cord prolapse
160:Umbilical cord prolapse
154:Umbilical cord prolapse
109:amniotic fluid embolism
103:Amniotic fluid embolism
1728:Female genital disease
1705:Maxillofacial disorder
1674:Cardiovascular disease
1461:Concomitant conditions
1440:Postpartum thyroiditis
1218:Circumvallate placenta
1038:Impetigo herpetiformis
1033:Gestational pemphigoid
1005:Hyperemesis gravidarum
938:hypertensive disorders
363:brachial plexus injury
1651:Neurological disorder
1430:Postpartum infections
1425:Postpartum depression
299:deprivation of oxygen
115:) emergency in which
1792:Soft tissue disorder
1738:Male genital disease
1551:Major Disease groups
1435:Postpartum psychosis
1304:Obstetrical bleeding
1199:Obstetrical bleeding
1020:Integumentary system
995:Gestational diabetes
974:related to pregnancy
972:Other, predominantly
510:Stein, Paul (2016).
438:. Washington, D.C.:
355:conduplicato corpore
182:rupture of membranes
132:Obstetrical bleeding
1820:Congenital disorder
1761:Postpartum disorder
1692:Respiratory disease
1625:Hematologic disease
1415:Postpartum bleeding
1238:Placental abruption
1223:Monochorionic twins
1053:Prurigo gestationis
371:Klumpke's paralysis
228:Placental abruption
222:Placental abruption
144:placental abruption
84:physical inactivity
1607:Metabolic disorder
1445:Puerperal mastitis
1400:Breast engorgement
1187:Monoamniotic twins
1177:Chorionic hematoma
512:Pulmonary embolism
413:perinatal asphyxia
295:Perinatal asphyxia
290:Perinatal asphyxia
284:Perinatal asphyxia
1833:
1832:
1679:Lymphatic disease
1597:Endocrine disease
1566:Parasitic disease
1518:
1517:
1476:Thyroid disorders
1466:Diabetes mellitus
1350:Uterine inversion
1282:Shoulder dystocia
1277:Obstructed labour
1253:
1252:
1117:
1116:
1086:Chorea gravidarum
862:Ectopic pregnancy
787:
786:
702:978-0-443-01011-8
409:severe hemorrhage
401:peritoneal cavity
359:shoulder dystocia
335:obstructed labour
216:obstetric fistula
208:shoulder dystocia
198:Obstructed labour
192:Obstructed labour
168:comes out of the
136:hypovolemic shock
65:labor or delivery
57:
56:
27:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
1853:
1723:Urologic disease
1545:
1538:
1531:
1522:
1505:
1504:
1340:Postmature birth
1328:Placenta accreta
1233:Placenta praevia
1228:Placenta accreta
1172:Chorioamnionitis
982:Digestive system
978:
904:Fetal resorption
892:Rudimentary horn
849:abortive outcome
843:
814:
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448:
437:
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351:maternal obesity
347:fetal macrosomia
244:Premature labour
186:cesarean section
178:fetal heart rate
53:
52:
30:
21:
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1856:
1855:
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1834:
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1778:
1765:
1742:
1714:
1696:
1683:
1665:
1642:
1638:Mental disorder
1629:
1616:
1612:Immune disorder
1588:
1570:
1552:
1549:
1519:
1514:
1492:
1449:
1393:Cracked nipples
1388:Low milk supply
1369:
1355:Uterine rupture
1249:
1144:Oligohydramnios
1129:amniotic cavity
1123:
1113:
1090:
1072:
1023:
1014:
973:
967:
936:
923:
909:Molar pregnancy
848:
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385:
383:Uterine rupture
379:
377:Uterine rupture
343:
292:
286:
270:
264:
256:gestational age
252:
246:
230:
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200:
194:
162:
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148:uterine rupture
138:, insufficient
129:
105:
100:
80:type 2 diabetes
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1766:
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1744:
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1741:
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1735:
1733:Breast disease
1730:
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1712:
1707:
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1483:Maternal death
1480:
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1478:
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1337:
1332:
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1318:
1313:
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1296:
1291:
1289:Fetal distress
1286:
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1284:
1274:
1269:
1263:
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1250:
1248:
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1240:
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1225:
1220:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1149:Polyhydramnios
1146:
1138:amniotic fluid
1133:
1131:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1100:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1082:
1080:
1078:Nervous system
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
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1040:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1016:
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1007:
1002:
997:
992:
986:
984:
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969:
968:
966:
965:
960:
959:
958:
956:HELLP syndrome
948:
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921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
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895:
894:
889:
884:
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869:
859:
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851:
847:Pregnancy with
840:
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833:
819:
817:
816:
809:
802:
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785:
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780:
769:
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725:
724:
722:
721:Classification
714:
713:External links
711:
709:
708:
701:
692:Gray's Anatomy
681:
632:
618:
596:
553:
546:
527:
520:
502:
475:(3): 545–553.
459:
422:
420:
417:
411:and can cause
405:broad ligament
381:Main article:
378:
375:
342:
339:
288:Main article:
285:
282:
274:umbilical cord
266:Main article:
263:
260:
248:Main article:
245:
242:
226:Main article:
223:
220:
196:Main article:
193:
190:
166:umbilical cord
158:Main article:
155:
152:
128:
125:
117:amniotic fluid
104:
101:
99:
96:
55:
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41:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
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1825:Fetal disease
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1506:
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1394:
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1372:
1366:
1365:Uterine atony
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
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1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1335:Preterm birth
1333:
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1323:
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1099:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1084:
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1081:
1079:
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1069:
1068:Stretch marks
1066:
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951:Pre-eclampsia
949:
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941:
939:
934:
930:
926:
920:
917:
915:
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820:Pathology of
815:
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42:
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1807:Chondropathy
1802:Bone disease
1774:Skin disease
1755:
1602:Malnutrition
1579:Benign tumor
1507:
1500:
1360:Vasa praevia
1320:
1294:Locked twins
1258:
1210:
1160:
1136:
882:Interstitial
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349:(big baby),
344:
323:brain damage
293:
271:
253:
231:
201:
163:
130:
121:coagulopathy
106:
69:
60:
58:
1661:Ear disease
1656:Eye disease
1299:Nuchal cord
1048:Linea nigra
1000:Hepatitis E
933:proteinuria
914:Miscarriage
899:Embryo loss
877:Heterotopic
367:Erb's palsy
331:nuchal cord
268:Nuchal cord
262:Nuchal cord
86:. The U.S.
1309:Postpartum
1204:Antepartum
919:Stillbirth
830:puerperium
828:, and the
826:childbirth
453:2013-08-29
419:References
397:peritoneum
393:myometrial
389:childbirth
44:Obstetrics
1561:Infection
1375:Puerperal
963:Eclampsia
867:Abdominal
838:Pregnancy
822:pregnancy
489:0889-8545
140:perfusion
113:obstetric
39:Specialty
1840:Category
1509:Category
1322:placenta
1212:placenta
872:Cervical
857:Abortion
676:17426984
624:Archived
591:26784072
583:16551378
497:17921014
444:Archived
238:delivery
234:placenta
127:Bleeding
92:neonatal
1162:chorion
887:Ovarian
778:D007744
667:1914268
403:or the
321:), but
319:kidneys
280:neck.
76:obesity
1584:Cancer
1166:amnion
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333:, and
210:, and
204:breech
170:uterus
82:, and
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1454:Other
1259:Labor
1125:fetus
1096:Blood
935:, and
929:Edema
627:(PDF)
610:(PDF)
587:S2CID
447:(PDF)
436:(PDF)
311:liver
307:lungs
303:heart
278:fetal
174:fetus
98:Types
1127:and
773:MeSH
758:9-CM
697:ISBN
672:PMID
614:ISBN
579:PMID
542:ISBN
516:ISBN
493:PMID
485:ISSN
357:and
146:and
70:The
767:659
763:650
754:ICD
748:O75
744:O60
735:ICD
662:PMC
654:doi
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