72:
1194:, which exist only in the mind, have no correspondence with reality and are mere signs that symbolize a multiplicity of individuals. The further one goes from experience and generalizes, the more one imagines the constitution of the universal expressed by names. It is therefore necessary to revise the logical structures of discourse and language to separate the sign from the signified thing. Criticism of the concept of cause and substance, especially by the Occamistic
39:
1564:
1299:, a Benedictine monk of the 12th century who attacked the corruption of the laity and the Church of his time and who mentioned the nominalistic polemic of the 12th century against the reality of universals: a debate that, according to philosophical historiography, Occamism will take up in the 14th century. According to other authors, Occamism does not resume the nominalistic theses but expresses about universals the doctrine of
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80:
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1084:
20:
1214:. Despite this, they posited God's absolute power to explain the contingency of creatures and the laws of nature. Divine omnipotence also includes the idea that God can comprehend a nonexistent object: an anticipation of the "deceptive God", a theme
1205:
method separate theology from
Aristotelian foundations, making them lose any possibility of presenting themselves as science, and reducing confidence in the power of reason applied to supposed demonstrations of
1478:
1353:
William J. Courtenay, Ockham and
Ockhamism: Studies on the Dissemination and Impact of His Thought , 9004168303, 9789004168305, 9789047443575, Brill Academic Pub., 2008.
2054:
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1439:, The Science of Occamists. Late medieval science, from the origins of the nominalist paradigm to the scientific revolution, Maggioli 1982.
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Occamism had wide influence between the 14th and 17th centuries, contributing to the progressive dissolution of
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1161:(universals are the mind's abstract products and have no independent existence), and (2) the reduction of
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1403:. Catholic University of America Press (Wilfried Hartmann & Kenneth Pennington, eds.). p. 115.
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on two major points: (1) that only individuals exist, rather than supra-individual
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1139:(1285–1347) and his disciples, which had widespread currency in the 14th century.
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1444:
Ockham and
Ockhamism. Studies in the Dissemination and Impact of His Thought
1187:
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and, in particular, insists the only reality accessible to knowledge is
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1198:, reduces the sciences to immediate and intuitive ways of knowing.
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1984:
18:
1211:
553:
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1460:
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2260:
1135:) is the philosophical and theological teaching developed by
1401:
The history of medieval canon law in the classical period
1324:. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
1399:
Brundage, James (2008). "Canon Law in the Law schools".
4272:
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8:
1344:Garzanti's Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ibid.
1377:In Dictionary of philosophy Treccani (2009)
1320:Baird, Forrest E.; Walter Kaufmann (2008).
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33:
1312:
1218:used in asserting the certainty of the
54:
1386:In Enciclopedia Garzanti di Filosofia
7:
4387:Philosophical schools and traditions
1179:Occamism questions the physical and
16:Philosophical and theological system
1295:(book 1, v. 952) satirical work by
1451:A Companion to Responses to Ockham
14:
1142:Occamism differed from the other
4340:
4339:
4326:
2243:
2231:
2125:Stratification of emotional life
1574:
1568:
1562:
1363:Dizionario di filosofia Treccani
1082:
1070:
78:
70:
62:
37:
4377:Christian theological movements
4382:Catholic theology and doctrine
1287:
1:
3812:Ordinary language philosophy
3862:Contemporary utilitarianism
3777:Internalism and externalism
1717:Theological intellectualism
1210:and any immortality of the
4403:
3126:Svatantrika and Prasangika
2095:Principle of double effect
1172:
125:Principle of Double Effect
4320:
4035:
4018:
3425:
2771:
2760:
2348:Philosophy of mathematics
2338:Philosophy of information
2309:
2298:
2226:
1560:
1418:Panaccio, Claude (2004).
1201:The Occamists using the
3817:Postanalytic philosophy
3758:Experimental philosophy
1722:Theological voluntarism
1151:metaphysical universals
241:Theological determinism
3950:Social constructionism
2962:Hellenistic philosophy
2378:Theoretical philosophy
2353:Philosophy of religion
2343:Philosophy of language
2238:Catholicism portal
1442:William J. Courtenay,
1422:. Aldershot: Ashgate.
1196:Nicholas of Autrecourt
1077:Catholicism portal
429:Gregory (of Nazianzus)
293:Christian Neoplatonism
31:
4333:Philosophy portal
3852:Scientific skepticism
3832:Reformed epistemology
2358:Philosophy of science
2250:Philosophy portal
2065:Infused righteousness
1453:, Leiden, Brill 2016.
1446:, Leiden, Brill 2008.
1322:From Plato to Derrida
1089:Philosophy portal
22:
3753:Critical rationalism
3460:Edo neo-Confucianism
3304:Acintya bheda abheda
3283:Renaissance humanism
2994:School of the Sextii
2368:Practical philosophy
2363:Political philosophy
2198:Doctor of the Church
2080:Ontological argument
325:Second scholasticism
3324:Nimbarka Sampradaya
3235:Korean Confucianism
2982:Academic Skepticism
2025:Divine illumination
1681:Augustinian realism
1549:Theological virtues
1488:Catholic philosophy
155:Liberation Theology
56:Catholic philosophy
3945:Post-structuralism
3847:Scientific realism
3802:Quinean naturalism
3782:Logical positivism
3738:Analytical Marxism
2957:Peripatetic school
2869:Chinese naturalism
2396:Aesthetic response
2323:Applied philosophy
2193:Islamic philosophy
2147:Trademark argument
2040:Formal distinction
1990:Augustinian values
1663:Analytical Thomism
1643:Christian humanism
1420:Ockham on Concepts
1293:De contemptu mundi
1169:Content and method
434:Gregory (of Nyssa)
162:Christian Humanism
32:
4354:
4353:
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4315:
4312:
4311:
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4307:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4005:
3733:Analytic feminism
3705:
3704:
3667:Kierkegaardianism
3629:Transcendentalism
3589:Neo-scholasticism
3435:Classical Realism
3412:
3411:
3184:
3183:
2999:Neopythagoreanism
2756:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2373:Social philosophy
2258:
2257:
2173:Catholic theology
2120:Seven deadly sins
2090:Peripatetic axiom
2000:Cartesian dualism
1735:
1734:
1701:Scotistic realism
1658:Neo-scholasticism
1429:978-0-7546-3228-3
1331:978-0-13-158591-1
1137:William of Ockham
1126:
1125:
1059:
1058:
944:Garrigou-Lagrange
253:Divine Attributes
24:William of Ockham
4394:
4343:
4342:
4331:
4330:
4329:
4046:
4037:
4020:
3910:Frankfurt School
3857:Transactionalism
3807:Normative ethics
3787:Legal positivism
3763:Falsificationism
3748:Consequentialism
3743:Communitarianism
3716:
3584:New Confucianism
3423:
3230:Neo-Confucianism
3195:
3004:Second Sophistic
2989:Middle Platonism
2832:
2773:
2762:
2605:Epiphenomenalism
2472:Consequentialism
2406:Institutionalism
2311:
2300:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2262:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2236:
2235:
2060:Homo unius libri
2005:Cogito, ergo sum
1995:Cardinal virtues
1696:Moderate realism
1588:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1504:Cardinal virtues
1481:
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1467:
1458:
1437:Francesco Bottin
1433:
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1297:Bernard of Cluny
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1111:
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464:John of Damascus
372:
202:Moderate realism
110:Cardinal virtues
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4268:
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4002:
3991:Russian cosmism
3964:
3960:Western Marxism
3925:New Historicism
3890:Critical theory
3876:
3872:Wittgensteinian
3768:Foundationalism
3701:
3638:
3619:Social contract
3475:Foundationalism
3408:
3390:
3374:Illuminationism
3359:Aristotelianism
3345:
3334:Vishishtadvaita
3287:
3239:
3180:
3147:
3018:
2947:Megarian school
2942:Eretrian school
2883:
2844:Agriculturalism
2821:
2767:
2748:
2695:
2667:
2624:
2576:
2533:
2517:Incompatibilism
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2458:
2410:
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2294:
2289:
2259:
2254:
2244:
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2230:
2222:
2183:Aristotelianism
2161:
2010:Dehellenization
1958:
1731:
1727:Foundationalism
1705:
1667:
1624:
1579:
1575:
1573:
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1567:
1563:
1558:
1544:Social teaching
1490:
1485:
1449:Christian Rode,
1430:
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1398:
1395:
1393:Further reading
1390:
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1230:Aristotelianism
1220:cogito ergo sum
1208:God's existence
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150:Social teaching
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5:
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4136:Middle Eastern
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3907:
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3900:Existentialism
3897:
3895:Deconstruction
3892:
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3875:
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3728:Applied ethics
3724:
3722:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3692:Nietzscheanism
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3652:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3634:Utilitarianism
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3532:Transcendental
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3470:Existentialism
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3426:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3400:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3355:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3258:Augustinianism
3255:
3249:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3201:
3199:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3171:Zoroastrianism
3168:
3163:
3157:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3028:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3014:Church Fathers
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2896:
2894:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2840:
2838:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2769:
2768:
2765:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2634:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2529:Libertarianism
2526:
2525:
2524:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2502:
2496:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2468:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2392:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2333:Metaphilosophy
2330:
2325:
2319:
2317:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2265:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2240:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2137:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2085:Pascal's wager
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2045:Guardian angel
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1745:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1677:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1634:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1600:Augustinianism
1596:
1594:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1509:Divine command
1506:
1500:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1415:
1410:978-0813214917
1409:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1330:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1243:Augustinianism
1239:
1237:
1234:
1173:Main article:
1170:
1167:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1079:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
890:
889:
886:
885:
882:
881:
877:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
700:
699:
696:
695:
692:
691:
687:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
510:
509:
506:
505:
502:
501:
497:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
380:
379:
376:
375:
370:
365:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
355:
354:
349:
339:
334:
333:
332:
327:
317:
312:
307:
302:
301:
300:
298:Friends of God
290:
285:
280:
279:
278:
271:Augustinianism
267:
264:
263:
260:
259:
256:
255:
250:
249:
248:
243:
236:Predestination
233:
228:
223:
209:
204:
199:
194:
188:
183:
182:
179:
178:
175:
174:
172:Works of mercy
169:
164:
159:
158:
157:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
106:
101:
100:
97:
96:
83:
59:
58:
52:
51:
43:
42:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4399:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4372:Scholasticism
4370:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4347:
4346:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4323:
4322:
4319:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4273:Miscellaneous
4271:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4171:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4051:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4026:
4025:
4021:
4017:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3969:Miscellaneous
3967:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3955:Structuralism
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3940:Postmodernism
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:Phenomenology
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3867:Vienna Circle
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3797:Moral realism
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3708:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3599:Phenomenology
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3539:Individualism
3537:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3405:
3404:Judeo-Islamic
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3380:ʿIlm al-Kalām
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3329:Shuddhadvaita
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3290:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3263:Scholasticism
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2763:
2759:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2714:Conceptualism
2712:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2643:Particularism
2641:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2610:Functionalism
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2595:Eliminativism
2593:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2500:Compatibilism
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:Particularism
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2281:
2279:
2274:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2263:
2251:
2241:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2228:
2225:
2219:
2218:Phenomenology
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
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2171:
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2115:Rota Fortunae
2113:
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2101:
2098:
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2088:
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2075:Occam's razor
2073:
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2055:Head of a pin
2053:
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1970:Actus Essendi
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1804:Chateaubriand
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1691:Conceptualism
1689:
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1606:
1605:Scholasticism
1603:
1601:
1598:
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1595:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1555:
1554:Virtue ethics
1552:
1550:
1547:
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1542:
1540:
1539:Seven virtues
1537:
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1532:
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1527:
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1307:
1302:
1301:conceptualism
1298:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1273:Occam's razor
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1258:Peter Abelard
1256:
1254:
1253:Conceptualism
1251:
1249:
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1240:
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1217:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1189:
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1176:
1175:Scholasticism
1168:
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797:
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785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
749:Chateaubriand
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
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694:
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632:
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614:Gundissalinus
612:
610:
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368:
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353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
343:
340:
338:
335:
331:
328:
326:
323:
322:
321:
320:Scholasticism
318:
316:
313:
311:
310:Ressourcement
308:
306:
303:
299:
296:
295:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
277:
274:
273:
272:
269:
268:
262:
261:
254:
251:
247:
246:Compatibilism
244:
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234:
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229:
227:
224:
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217:
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210:
208:
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192:Conceptualism
190:
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167:Virtue ethics
165:
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153:
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138:
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61:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
44:
40:
36:
35:
29:
25:
21:
4338:
4324:
3995:
3986:Postcritique
3976:Kyoto School
3935:Posthumanism
3915:Hermeneutics
3770: /
3711:Contemporary
3687:Newtonianism
3650:Cartesianism
3609:Reductionism
3445:Conservatism
3440:Collectivism
3378:
3277:
3106:Sarvāstivadā
3084:Anekantavada
3009:Neoplatonism
2977:Epicureanism
2910:Pythagoreans
2849:Confucianism
2815:Contemporary
2805:Early modern
2709:Anti-realism
2663:Universalism
2620:Subjectivism
2416:Epistemology
2188:Neoplatonism
2110:Ressentiment
2105:Quinque viae
2070:Memento mori
2030:Double truth
1975:Actus primus
1741:Philosophers
1648:Cartesianism
1619:
1450:
1443:
1419:
1400:
1382:
1373:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1349:
1340:
1321:
1315:
1286:
1248:Cartesianism
1224:
1200:
1181:Aristotelian
1178:
1141:
1132:
1128:
1127:
989:John Paul II
914:Benedict XVI
887:Contemporary
367:Philosophers
314:
288:Cartesianism
231:Quinque Viae
30:of Occamism.
3981:Objectivism
3920:Neo-Marxism
3882:Continental
3792:Meta-ethics
3772:Coherentism
3677:Hegelianism
3614:Rationalism
3574:Natural law
3554:Materialism
3480:Historicism
3450:Determinism
3341:Navya-Nyāya
3116:Sautrāntika
3111:Pudgalavada
3047:Vaisheshika
2900:Presocratic
2800:Renaissance
2739:Physicalism
2724:Materialism
2630:Normativity
2615:Objectivism
2600:Emergentism
2590:Behaviorism
2539:Metaphysics
2505:Determinism
2444:Rationalism
2208:Rationalism
2203:Renaissance
2135:Augustinian
2020:Disputation
2015:Differentia
1980:Actus purus
1884:Malebranche
1799:Bonaventure
1534:Personalism
1529:Natural law
1524:Probabilism
1184:metaphysics
804:Malebranche
664:Roscellinus
609:Grosseteste
569:Bonaventure
389:Athenagoras
185:Metaphysics
145:Personalism
140:Natural law
135:Probabilism
4361:Categories
4280:Amerindian
4187:Australian
4126:Vietnamese
4106:Indonesian
3655:Kantianism
3604:Positivism
3594:Pragmatism
3569:Naturalism
3549:Liberalism
3527:Subjective
3465:Empiricism
3369:Avicennism
3314:Bhedabheda
3198:East Asian
3121:Madhyamaka
3101:Abhidharma
2967:Pyrrhonism
2734:Nominalism
2729:Naturalism
2658:Skepticism
2648:Relativism
2638:Absolutism
2567:Naturalism
2477:Deontology
2449:Skepticism
2434:Naturalism
2424:Empiricism
2388:Aesthetics
2292:Philosophy
2213:Empiricism
2035:Evil demon
1809:Chesterton
1686:Nominalism
1673:Universals
1514:Just price
1308:References
1227:Scholastic
1203:nominalist
1192:universals
1144:Scholastic
984:Hildebrand
924:Chesterton
789:La Mennais
719:Bellarmine
714:Azpilcueta
659:Paschasius
539:Autrecourt
494:Tertullian
454:Chrysostom
394:Athanasius
276:Victorines
207:Nominalism
115:Just price
4159:Pakistani
4121:Taiwanese
4068:Ethiopian
4041:By region
4027:By region
3842:Scientism
3837:Systemics
3697:Spinozism
3624:Socialism
3559:Modernism
3522:Objective
3430:Anarchism
3364:Averroism
3253:Christian
3205:Neotaoism
3176:Zurvanism
3166:Mithraism
3161:Mazdakism
2932:Cyrenaics
2859:Logicians
2492:Free will
2454:Solipsism
2401:Formalism
2178:Platonism
2152:Univocity
2050:Haecceity
1929:Ratzinger
1894:Montaigne
1874:MacIntyre
1829:Dionysius
1824:Descartes
1784:Augustine
1638:Salamanca
1216:Descartes
1188:intuitive
1133:Ockhamism
1004:MacIntyre
964:Gutiérrez
934:Copleston
904:Balthasar
759:Descartes
619:Hildegard
604:Gregory I
579:Catherine
529:Alexander
479:Dionysius
399:Augustine
352:Salamanca
226:Haecceity
130:Casuistry
4367:Occamism
4345:Category
4300:Yugoslav
4290:Romanian
4197:Scottish
4182:American
4111:Japanese
4091:Buddhist
4073:Africana
4063:Egyptian
3905:Feminist
3827:Rawlsian
3822:Quietism
3720:Analytic
3672:Krausism
3579:Nihilism
3544:Kokugaku
3507:Absolute
3502:Idealism
3490:Humanism
3278:Occamism
3245:European
3190:Medieval
3136:Yogacara
3096:Buddhist
3089:Syādvāda
2972:Stoicism
2937:Cynicism
2925:Sophists
2920:Atomists
2915:Eleatics
2854:Legalism
2795:Medieval
2719:Idealism
2673:Ontology
2653:Nihilism
2557:Idealism
2315:Branches
2304:Branches
2140:Irenaean
2130:Theodicy
2100:Quiddity
1963:Concepts
1889:Maritain
1859:Krasicki
1849:Gassendi
1839:Eriugena
1794:Boethius
1769:Anscombe
1759:Albertus
1653:Molinism
1620:Occamism
1592:Medieval
1519:Just war
1365:(2009),
1236:See also
1163:ontology
1155:essences
1129:Occamism
1019:Maritain
994:Lonergan
974:Guardini
899:Anscombe
874:Caramuel
784:Krasicki
779:Kołłątaj
734:Brentano
594:Eriugena
559:Berengar
507:Medieval
459:Climacus
439:Irenaeus
409:Boethius
404:Benedict
347:Analytic
315:Occamism
305:Molinism
283:Llullism
212:Quiddity
120:Just war
48:a series
46:Part of
4295:Russian
4264:Spanish
4259:Slovene
4249:Maltese
4244:Italian
4224:Finland
4192:British
4174:Western
4164:Turkish
4149:Islamic
4144:Iranian
4096:Chinese
4083:Eastern
4050:African
3997:more...
3682:Marxism
3512:British
3455:Dualism
3351:Islamic
3309:Advaita
3299:Vedanta
3273:Scotism
3268:Thomism
3210:Tiantai
3153:Persian
3141:Tibetan
3131:Śūnyatā
3072:Cārvāka
3062:Ājīvika
3057:Mīmāṃsā
3037:Samkhya
2952:Academy
2905:Ionians
2879:Yangism
2836:Chinese
2827:Ancient
2790:Western
2785:Ancient
2744:Realism
2701:Reality
2691:Process
2572:Realism
2552:Dualism
2547:Atomism
2429:Fideism
2166:Related
1954:Wojtyła
1934:Scheler
1879:Maistre
1869:Lombard
1854:Isidore
1834:Erasmus
1814:Clement
1779:Aquinas
1749:Abelard
1615:Scotism
1610:Thomism
1584:Schools
1268:Thomism
1263:Scotism
1147:schools
1029:Mounier
1024:McLuhan
979:Haldane
919:Blondel
869:Vitoria
844:Rosmini
819:Mercado
814:Meinong
809:Mariana
799:Maistre
794:Liguori
774:Gracián
769:Fénelon
764:Erasmus
744:Cajetan
729:Bossuet
704:Arnauld
684:Thierry
639:Lombard
629:Isidore
589:Eckhart
574:Buridan
564:Bernard
544:Aquinas
514:Abelard
474:Maximus
449:Cassian
419:Cyprian
414:Clement
384:Ambrose
377:Ancient
342:Thomism
337:Scotism
265:Schools
216:essence
197:Realism
85:Aquinas
4254:Polish
4234:German
4229:French
4214:Danish
4204:Canada
4154:Jewish
4116:Korean
4101:Indian
3643:People
3564:Monism
3517:German
3485:Holism
3418:Modern
3396:Jewish
3319:Dvaita
3292:Indian
3215:Huayan
3067:Ajñana
3024:Indian
2889:Greco-
2874:Taoism
2864:Mohism
2810:Modern
2777:By era
2766:By era
2681:Action
2562:Monism
2482:Virtue
2464:Ethics
2157:Utopia
1949:Suárez
1939:Scotus
1924:Rahner
1914:Pascal
1904:Newman
1844:Ficino
1774:Anselm
1764:Alcuin
1630:Modern
1496:Ethics
1426:
1407:
1367:ibidem
1328:
1190:. The
1049:Taylor
1039:Rahner
1034:Pieper
1014:Marion
1009:Marcel
969:Dávila
959:Girard
954:Gilson
939:Finnis
929:Congar
909:Barron
859:Suárez
839:Pascal
834:Newman
824:Molina
754:Cortés
739:Botero
724:Bonald
697:Modern
679:Symeon
669:Scotus
654:Oresme
649:Ockham
644:Martin
534:Anselm
524:Alcuin
519:Albert
484:Origen
469:Justin
444:Jerome
220:nature
103:Ethics
93:Ockham
91:, and
89:Scotus
76:
68:
28:eponym
4285:Aztec
4239:Greek
4219:Dutch
4209:Czech
4058:Bantu
3495:Anti-
3042:Nyaya
3032:Hindu
2892:Roman
2686:Event
2328:Logic
1985:Aevum
1944:Stein
1909:Occam
1864:Llull
1789:Bacon
1754:Adler
1710:Other
1280:Notes
1159:forms
1157:, or
1044:Stein
999:Lubac
949:Geach
894:Adler
849:Sales
709:Ávila
674:Siger
634:Llull
599:Giles
549:Bacon
424:Cyril
3386:Sufi
3220:Chan
3079:Jain
3052:Yoga
2582:Mind
2522:Hard
2510:Hard
1919:Pico
1899:More
1819:Cusa
1424:ISBN
1405:ISBN
1326:ISBN
1212:soul
1131:(or
864:Vico
854:Soto
829:More
624:Hugh
584:Cusa
554:Bede
489:Paul
26:the
3660:Neo
3225:Zen
330:Neo
4363::
1288:^α
1232:.
1222:.
1165:.
1153:,
218:/
87:,
50:on
2284:e
2277:t
2270:v
1480:e
1473:t
1466:v
1432:.
1413:.
1334:.
1303:.
1117:e
1110:t
1103:v
222:)
214:(
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