1793:
1912:
1119:
1959:
community quickly prepared its application for cultural autonomy. Statistics on Jewish citizens were compiled. They totaled 3,045, fulfilling the minimum requirement of 3000 for cultural autonomy. In June 1926 the Jewish
Cultural Council was elected and Jewish cultural autonomy was declared. Jewish cultural autonomy was of great interest to the global Jewish community. The Jewish National Endowment presented the Estonian government with a certificate of gratitude for this achievement.
1351:
continued the practice of dragooning
Estonian men, although the majority joined the German Army voluntarily, often out of the desire to fight the USSR, which had made strong enemies with many groups of society in Estonia after introducing their Marxist economic system. Up to March 1942 drafted Estonians mostly served in the rear of the Army Group North security. On August 28, 1942 the German powers announced the legal compilation of the so-called "Estonian Legion" within the
639:
1991:
877:
1589:
1294:
1223:
1055:
1521:
agreement had been reached with the
Germans, and the Estonians were promised amnesty if they chose to return and fight in the SS. As soon as they landed, the regiment was sent to perform a counter-attack against the Soviet 3rd Baltic Front, which had managed a breakthrough on the Tartu front, and was threatening the capital Tallinn.
2044:, Aleksander Laak and Ervin Viks that have faced trials for crimes against humanity. Since the reestablishment of the Estonian independence markers were put in place for the 60th anniversary of the mass executions that were carried out at the Lagedi, Vaivara and Klooga (Kalevi-Liiva) camps in September 1944.
2097:
even made a motion for a resolution acknowledging the 48 years of occupation as a fact. The final version of the resolution of
European parliament, however, only acknowledged Estonia's loss of independence lasting from 1940 to 1991 and that annexation of Estonia by Soviet Union was considered illegal
1102:
stopped its advance and hung back, leaving the
Estonians to do the fighting. The battle of Tartu lasted two weeks, and destroyed most of the city. Under the leadership of Friedrich Kurg, the Estonian partisans drove the Soviets from Tartu on their own. In the meanwhile, the Soviets had been murdering
1180:
Rosenberg felt that the "Estonians were the most
Germanic out of the people living in the Baltic area, having already reached 50 percent of Germanization through Danish, Swedish and German influence". Non-suitable Estonians were to be moved to a region that Rosenberg called "Peipusland" to make room
2893:
Estonia, as an independent Member State of the EU and NATO, has the sovereign right to assess its recent tragic past, starting with the loss of independence as a result of the Hitler-Stalin Pact of 1939 and including three years under Hitler's occupation and terror, as well as 48 years under Soviet
2079:
Given the frequency with which police units changed their personnel, the
Commission does not believe that membership in the cited units, or in any specific unit is, on its own, proof of involvement in crimes. However, those individuals who served in the units during the commission of crimes against
1840:
Although the
Directorate did not have complete freedom of action, it exercised a significant measure of autonomy, within the framework of German policy, political, racial and economic. For example, the Directors exercised their powers pursuant to the laws and regulations of the Republic of Estonia,
1520:
received a letter from the
Estonians. It had been signed in the name of "all national organizations of Estonia" by Aleksander Warma, Karl Talpak and several others, seconding the request. It was then announced that the regiment would be disbanded and that the volunteers were free to return home. An
2002:
Unlike German forces, some support apparently existed among an undefined segment of the local collaborators for anti-Jewish actions. The standard form used for the cleansing operations was arrest 'because of communist activity'. The equation between Jews and communists evoked a positive response
1958:
and 70 of these men were volunteers. From the very first days of her existence as a state, Estonia showed her tolerance towards all the peoples inhabiting her territories. On 12 February 1925 the
Estonian government passed a law pertaining to the cultural autonomy of minority peoples. The Jewish
1388:
delivered a radio address on February 7 that implored all able-bodied men born from 1904 through 1923 to report for military service in the SS (before this, Uluots had opposed any German mobilization of Estonians.) Following Uluots' address, 38.000 conscripts jammed registration centers. Several
1350:
countries. After the annexation, Estonians were subject to conscription into the Red Army, which by international law is illegal if Estonia is not considered to have been a part of the USSR. When the Soviets retreated from Estonia and Germany fully occupied it, in the summer of 1941, the Germans
1114:
on August 28. On that day, the Soviet flag shot down earlier on Pikk Hermann was replaced with the flag of Estonia by Fred Ise. After the Soviets were driven from Estonia, German troops disarmed all partisan groups. The Estonian flag was soon replaced with the German one, and the 2,000 Estonian
2920:
Estonia, as an independent Member State of the EU and NATO, has the sovereign right to assess its recent tragic past, starting with the loss of independence resulting from the Hitler-Stalin Pact of 1939 and ending only in 1991, the Soviet occupation and annexation of the Baltic States was never
1393:
to join the newly formed Territorial Defense Force, assigned to defend Estonia against the Soviet advance. The maximum number of Estonians enrolled in German military units was 70,000. The initial formation of the volunteer Estonian Legion created in 1942 was eventually expanded to become a
1368:, recalled to Finland for political reasons. In March 1943, a partial mobilization was carried out in Estonia during which 12,000 men were conscripted into the SS. On May 5, 1943 the 3rd Waffen-SS Brigade (Estonian), another fully Estonian unit, was formed and sent to the front near
1074:
lost the most men, as a large group of Estonian soldiers and officers deserted from it. Furthermore, the border guards of Soviet Estonia mostly had fought for an independent Estonia, and they also escaped to the forests, becoming some of the best Estonian fighters. Estonian writer
2016:. Jews that had remained in Estonia (921 according to Martin Sandberger, 929 according to Evgenia Goorin-Loov and 963 according to Walter Stahlecker) were killed. Fewer than a dozen Estonian Jews are known to have survived the war in Estonia. The Nazi regime also established 22
1243:
In June 1944 the elector's assembly of the Republic of Estonia gathered in secrecy from the occupying powers in Tallinn and appointed JĂĽri Uluots as the prime minister with the responsibilities of the President. On June 21 JĂĽri Uluots appointed Otto Tief as deputy prime minister.
1259:
was replaced with the tricolor flag of Estonia. On September 22 the Red Army took Tallinn and the Estonian flag on Pikk Hermann was replaced with the Soviet flag. The Estonian underground government, not officially recognized by either the Nazi Germany or Soviet Union, fled to
2074:
The conclusions of the Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity are available online. It says that there is an evidence of Estonian units' involvement in crimes against humanity, and acts of genocide; however, the commission noted
1232:
In June 1942 political leaders of Estonia who had survived Soviet repressions held a hidden meeting from the occupying powers in Estonia where the formation of an underground Estonian government and the options for preserving continuity of the republic were discussed.
1359:
was nominated the commander of the legion. Up to the end of 1942 about 1,280 men volunteered into the training camp. Bataillon Narwa was formed from the first 800 men of the Legion to have finished their training at Heidelager, being sent in April 1943 to join the
3737:
1188:
The initial enthusiasm that accompanied the liberation from Soviet occupation quickly waned as a result and the Germans had limited success in recruiting volunteers. The draft was introduced in 1942, resulting in some 3400 men fleeing to Finland to fight in the
1967:
by the Soviets. It is estimated that 350–500 Jews suffered this fate. About three-fourths of Estonian Jewry managed to leave the country during this period. Out the approximately 4,300 Jews in Estonia prior to the war, almost 1000 were entrapped by the Nazis.
1406:
throughout 1944. Many Estonians hoped that they would attract support from the Allies, and ultimately a restoration of their interwar independence, by resisting the Soviet reoccupation of their country. In the end, there was no Allied military support
2064:
6041:
2188:
3730:
2119:
Views of World War II veteran, a Russian fought on the Soviet side in Estonia answering a question: How do you feel being called an "occupier"? " Viktor Andreyev: "Half believe one thing half believe another. That's in the run of
1493:) of the 45th Regiment led by Harald Riipalu and the fusiliers (previously "Narva"), under the leadership of Hatuf Hando Ruus, were involved in repelling the attack. Finally, Narva was evacuated and a new front was settled on the
3723:
1130:
as soon as the Soviet regime retreated and before German troops arrived. Estonian partisans that drove the Red Army from Tartu made it possible. That all was for nothing since the Germans had made their plans as set out in
1454:
was successful against another bridgehead, at Vaasa-Siivertsi-VepsakĂĽla. On March 6, this work was complete. The Leningrad Front concentrated 9 corps at Narva against 7 divisions and one brigade. On March 1, the Soviet
1962:
There were, at the time of Soviet occupation in 1940, approximately 4000 Estonian Jews. The Jewish Cultural Autonomy was immediately abolished. Jewish cultural institutions were closed down. Many of Jewish people were
4453:
1383:
By January 1944, the front was pushed back by the Red Army almost all the way to the former Estonian border. JĂĽri Uluots, the last constitutional Prime Minister of the Republic of Estonia, the leader of Estonian
1570:
Peninsula. According to the Soviet data, the conquest of the territory of Estonia cost them 126,000 casualties. Some disregard the official figures and argue that a more realistic number is 480,000 for the
1610:
1311:
600:
1953:
granted them the right to enter the region. The creation of the Republic of Estonia in 1918 marked the beginning of a new era for the Jews. Approximately 200 Jews fought in combat for the creation of the
2115:
fought on the Soviet side: "Estonia's participation in World War II was inevitable. Every Estonian had only one decision to make: whose side to take in that bloody fight – the Nazis' or the anti-Hitler
2108:
Views of World War II veteran, an Estonian Ilmar Haaviste fought on the German side: "Both regimes were equally evil – there was no difference between the two except that Stalin was more cunning".
1575:
only, considering the intensity of the fighting at the front. On the German side, their own data shows 30,000 dead, which some have similarly seen as underrated, preferring at the minimum 45,000.
2101:
The position of the Russian Government: Russia has denied that Soviet Union illegally annexed the Baltic republics of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia in 1940. The Kremlin's European affairs chief
2093:
According to the Estonian point of view, the occupation of Estonia by Soviet Union lasted five decades, only interrupted by the German occupation of 1941–1944. Estonian representatives at the
2067:
has reviewed the role of Estonian military units and police battalions in an effort to identify the role of Estonian military units and police battalions participation during World War II in
5612:
1467:
and the 659th Eastern Battalion commanded by Georg Sooden were involved in defeating the operation. On March 17, twenty Soviet divisions again unsuccessfully attacked the three divisions in
1204:
With the Allied victory over Germany becoming certain in 1944, the only option to save Estonia's independence was to stave off a new Soviet invasion of Estonia until Germany's capitulation.
281:
5180:
966:
1558:
As Finland left the war on September 4, 1944 according to their peace agreement with the USSR, the defence of the mainland became practically impossible and the German command decided to
6131:
3109:
5365:
2144:
1399:
1213:
297:
4443:
2003:
among some Estonians. Estonians often argued that their Jewish colleagues and friends were not communists and submitted proofs of pro-Estonian conduct in hope to get them released.
1079:
wrote in 1941: "These days bogs and forests are more populated than farms and fields. The forests and bogs are our territory while the fields and farms are occupied by the enemy ".
4901:
4746:
593:
5175:
5129:
3208:
319:
5687:
1792:
59:
2024:
housed 1,300 prisoners at a time. These prisoners were mainly Jews, with smaller groups of Russians, Dutch, and Estonians. Several thousand foreign Jews were killed at the
1717:(SSPF) was responsible for internal security and war against the resistance and was directly subordinated to the Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) of Ostland, not to the
336:
5929:
5667:
5632:
4820:
3658:
3118:
962:
91:
1471:. On April 7, the leadership of the Red Army ordered to go on the defensive. In March the Soviets committed bombing attacks towards the towns of Estonia, including the
5024:
3581:
3496:
586:
360:
6166:
3467:
409:
3484:
796:
314:
184:
5697:
5503:
5473:
5456:
3246:
2105:: "There was no occupation." Russian State officials look at the events in Estonia in the end of World War II as the liberation from fascism by the Soviet Union.
996:
953:
In the summer of 1941, the German invaders were at first seen by most Estonians as liberators from Soviet terror, since the Germans arrived only a week after the
2475:
5498:
4487:
3613:
1971:
Round-ups and killings of Jews began immediately following the arrival of the first German troops in 1941, who were closely followed by the extermination squad
1512:, the Estonian Ambassador to Finland (1939–1940 (1944)) announced that the National Committee of the Estonian Republic had sent a telegram, which requested the
1217:
958:
160:
5431:
1911:
174:
5296:
3663:
3593:
3102:
1365:
1236:
On January 6, 1943 a meeting was held at the Estonian foreign delegation in Stockholm. It was decided that, in order to preserve the legal continuity of the
905:
2906:
504:
179:
5730:
5513:
3306:
3301:
1106:
At the end of July the Germans resumed their advance in Estonia, working with the Estonian Forest Brothers. Both German troops and Estonian partisans took
341:
2032:. Two were later executed, while the Soviet occupation authorities were unable to press charges against two who lived in exile. There have been knowingly
6136:
5692:
5672:
5390:
3489:
3474:
1272:, the Prime Minister of the Republic of Estonia in duties of the President in exile, presented his credentials to the newly elected President of Estonia
2561:
1427:
137:
122:
4510:
3680:
3171:
1043:
policy in areas to be abandoned. Because the northernmost areas of the Baltic states were the last to be reached by the Germans, it was here that the
1126:
Most Estonians greeted the Germans with relatively open arms and hoped for the restoration of independence. Estonia set up an administration, led by
6116:
5627:
4987:
4522:
3756:
447:
40:
127:
112:
5482:
4731:
4655:
4355:
3638:
3095:
1545:
132:
1098:
on July 10 and prepared for another battle with the Soviets, they realized that Estonian partisans were already fighting the Soviet troops. The
1062:
Even though the Germans did not cross the southern Estonian border until July 7–9, many Estonian deserters from Soviet units opened fire on the
5052:
4726:
4600:
4430:
1361:
5370:
4477:
4467:
4345:
2744:
2267:
2217:
1833:
491:
4565:
3675:
2334:
1456:
6156:
5160:
5017:
4675:
849:
814:
680:
442:
2184:
1376:
4335:
6036:
5306:
4787:
4610:
4225:
3424:
2603:
2356:
969:. Despite high hopes for Estonian independence, the people there soon realized that the Germans were just a different occupying power.
509:
2879:
824:
5585:
5461:
5072:
3049:
2689:
2033:
1472:
1048:
839:
432:
417:
383:
253:
230:
5533:
6161:
6146:
5682:
5607:
5553:
5301:
5243:
5210:
5134:
5067:
4482:
3178:
3122:
3059:
3020:
2824:
2646:
2519:
2506:
2450:
2408:
2371:
2299:
2244:
1636:
1333:
1044:
437:
4948:
4340:
3064:
748:
713:
499:
4365:
2844:
2793:
2591:
6151:
6126:
5639:
5375:
5323:
5313:
4751:
4665:
3779:
3648:
3571:
2862:
2029:
1964:
1051:, numbering about 50,000, inflicted heavy casualties on the remaining Soviets; as many as 4,800 were killed and 14,000 captured.
898:
243:
4756:
4670:
3653:
1555:
On August 19, 1944 JĂĽri Uluots, in a radio broadcast, called for the Red Army to hold back and a peace agreement to be reached.
58:
5723:
5328:
5010:
4640:
4370:
4350:
3962:
3286:
947:
248:
48:
4721:
4595:
3556:
1054:
556:
6141:
6085:
5662:
5617:
5200:
5190:
4825:
4650:
3927:
3080:
2651:
1906:
1614:
1315:
1031:
on June 22, 1941. Three days later, on June 25, Finland declared herself to once again be at war with the USSR, starting the
1162:, born and raised in Tallinn, Estonia, laid out his plans for the East. According to Rosenberg a future policy was created:
4375:
5350:
5335:
5258:
5228:
5205:
5047:
4761:
4706:
4322:
4210:
4021:
3618:
3347:
3042:
2727:
1513:
1194:
1118:
514:
216:
4330:
3075:
1987:. Arrests and executions continued as the Germans, with the assistance of local collaborators, advanced through Estonia.
1415:
546:
5973:
5677:
5558:
5548:
5538:
5426:
5274:
5248:
5238:
5124:
4871:
4866:
4856:
4766:
4575:
4570:
4545:
4448:
4438:
4360:
3533:
3501:
3462:
2766:
2149:
1787:
1240:, the last constitutional prime minister, JĂĽri Uluots, must continue to fulfill his responsibilities as prime minister.
927:
865:
819:
117:
3598:
2547:
Sinimäed 1944: II maailmasõja lahingud Kirde-Eestis (Sinimäed Hills 1944: Battles of World War II in Northeast Estonia)
939:
551:
146:
99:
6051:
5568:
5528:
5523:
5253:
5185:
4830:
4741:
4041:
3623:
3576:
3188:
2620:
2048:
1479:
891:
791:
618:
206:
3069:
2352:
Professor Uluots, the Estonian Government in Exile and the Continuity of the Republic of Estonia in International Law
1599:
3087:
5978:
5919:
5775:
5716:
5644:
5602:
5590:
5563:
5518:
5451:
5195:
5170:
5097:
5082:
5077:
4840:
4835:
4701:
4560:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4164:
4074:
3700:
3668:
3633:
3377:
2164:
2021:
1928:
1671:
1663:), a German civilian administration was established. On 5 December 1941, the territory of Estonia was organized as
1563:
1011:
736:
346:
4861:
4680:
4585:
3715:
3037:
2722:
1618:
1603:
1304:
5968:
5580:
5573:
5345:
5165:
5119:
4472:
3687:
3608:
3409:
3399:
2159:
2132:
1995:
1655:
In 1941 Estonia was occupied by German troops and after a brief period of military rule by the commanders of the
1494:
1439:
211:
6121:
5795:
5765:
5739:
5595:
5508:
5380:
5355:
5284:
5155:
4555:
3892:
3877:
3695:
3434:
3296:
3241:
3236:
3161:
981:
973:
472:
302:
4876:
2565:
2466:
6090:
5898:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5770:
5622:
5543:
5493:
5488:
5478:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5421:
5411:
5112:
5092:
5033:
4711:
4660:
4605:
4580:
4288:
4149:
4139:
4104:
3643:
3603:
3561:
3543:
3538:
3457:
3414:
3404:
3389:
3337:
3269:
3231:
3193:
2397:
Estonian Vikings: Estnisches SS-Freiwilligen Bataillon Narwa and Subsequent Units, Eastern Front, 1943–1944.
2068:
2017:
1920:
1460:
1083:
834:
698:
467:
324:
31:
1346:
The annexation of Estonia by the USSR in 1940 was complete, but never recognized internationally except by
5279:
5233:
5150:
5102:
4311:
4293:
4144:
3912:
3213:
1950:
1797:
1699:
1572:
1544:" which involved military groups sent from Narva under the command of Alfons Rebane and Paul Vent and the
1403:
786:
781:
368:
225:
5385:
4492:
4129:
5360:
5318:
5087:
5057:
4515:
4134:
4124:
4054:
4026:
3419:
2959:
1665:
1650:
1005:
703:
675:
571:
4114:
4109:
1066:
as early as June 22. On that day, a group of Forest Brothers attacked Soviet trucks in the district of
2781:
2089:
Views diverge on history of Estonia during World War II and following the occupation by Nazi Germany.
6069:
6031:
5395:
4984:
4943:
4906:
4771:
4416:
4099:
4069:
4049:
4031:
3978:
3952:
3947:
3867:
3511:
3384:
3372:
3362:
3256:
3251:
3221:
2842:
Conclusions of the Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity
2704:
2589:
Conclusions of the Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity
2102:
1902:
1714:
1695:
919:
393:
17:
4963:
4615:
5893:
5858:
4716:
4243:
4154:
4059:
3982:
3847:
3832:
3822:
3516:
3429:
3357:
3281:
2094:
1955:
1765:
1743:
1524:
After an attempt to break through the Tannenberg Line failed, the main struggle was carried to the
1385:
1280:; it was replaced with the flag of Estonia to mark Estonian Independence Day on February 24, 1989.
1237:
1003:
from other countries, and others). For the duration of the occupation, Estonia was incorporated as
561:
477:
2750:
1841:
but only to the extent that these had not been repealed or amended by the German military command.
1836:. According to Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity
4803:
4400:
4283:
4235:
4119:
4064:
3988:
3872:
3812:
3291:
3076:
Extermination of the Gypsies in Estonia during World War II: Popular Images and Official Policies
2331:
2125:
2013:
1517:
1389:
thousand Estonians who had volunteered to join the Finnish army were transferred back across the
1144:
844:
763:
627:
566:
457:
267:
5002:
4958:
4248:
1990:
638:
2192:
926:
invaded Estonia in July–December 1941, and occupied the country until 1944. Estonia had gained
6015:
5888:
5878:
5827:
5107:
4911:
3937:
3862:
3817:
3586:
3166:
3016:
2820:
2718:
2642:
2502:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2295:
2263:
2240:
2236:
2230:
2213:
1984:
1976:
1972:
1825:
1811:
1731:
1498:
1431:
1086:(Major General Ljubovtsev), retreated in front of the 2nd corps of the German Army behind the
992:
972:
The Nazi German authorities exploited occupied Estonia for their war effort, and in 1941–1944
521:
388:
193:
2600:
5883:
5062:
4979:
3857:
3827:
3274:
3261:
3226:
2131:
In April 2007 the divergent views on history of World War II in Estonia centered around the
1739:
1656:
1549:
1541:
1509:
1483:
1423:
1356:
1155:
1071:
1032:
954:
753:
708:
526:
427:
422:
373:
258:
3038:
Collaboration with Nazi Germany in Eastern Europe: the Case of the Estonian Security Police
2723:
Collaboration with Nazi Germany in Eastern Europe: the Case of the Estonian Security Police
2686:
5937:
5863:
5832:
5340:
4645:
4635:
4263:
4253:
3882:
3771:
3628:
3328:
2866:
2848:
2770:
2693:
2607:
2595:
2338:
1980:
1916:
1559:
1525:
1435:
1402:. Units consisting largely of Estonians – often under German officers – saw action on the
1390:
1135:, they disbanded the provisional government and the territory of Estonia was organized as
1132:
758:
648:
378:
5994:
2525:
2414:
2377:
2468:
The White Book: Losses inflicted on the Estonian nation by occupation regimes. 1940–1991
5947:
5914:
5873:
4685:
4620:
4461:
4457:
4258:
4079:
3506:
3449:
3183:
2841:
2799:
2588:
2037:
1924:
1879:
1855:
1801:
1451:
1411:
1248:
1226:
1148:
1127:
1087:
1058:
German advance in Latvia, Estonia and on the Leningrad front from June to December 1941
1040:
935:
881:
829:
723:
2859:
2028:
camp. Four Estonians most responsible for the murders at Kalevi-Liiva were accused at
1181:
for German colonists. The removal of 50% of Estonians was in accordance with the Nazi
6110:
5868:
5853:
5755:
4625:
3942:
3932:
3902:
3887:
3842:
3198:
3149:
3054:
2289:
1867:
1727:
1464:
1269:
1159:
1036:
988:
984:
931:
718:
660:
655:
69:
1949:
The process of Jewish settlement in Estonia began in the 19th century, when in 1865
462:
5952:
5848:
5811:
5468:
4590:
3957:
3802:
3747:
3551:
3311:
3144:
2499:
The Baltic States: The National Self-Determination of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
2124:
In 2004 controversy regarding the events of World War II in Estonia surrounded the
2025:
1769:
1660:
1447:
1419:
1369:
1347:
1277:
1273:
1256:
1190:
1103:
citizens held in Tartu Prison, killing 192 before the Estonians captured the city.
1067:
1028:
1016:
943:
923:
743:
79:
74:
2065:
Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity
2814:
950:
in June 1940, and the country was formally annexed into the USSR in August 1940.
5942:
4896:
3917:
3852:
3316:
3135:
3008:
2986:
2933:
2763:
2112:
2041:
1588:
1490:
1375:
1293:
1222:
6064:
6059:
4938:
4736:
3922:
3907:
3807:
2670:
2351:
2189:
Estonian International Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity
2052:
1505:
1443:
1379:
Divisional insignia of 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian)
1091:
1076:
452:
5999:
5416:
5289:
4004:
3837:
3797:
3566:
3526:
3521:
3352:
2154:
2008:
1941:
1395:
1352:
1261:
1252:
1099:
977:
5708:
2465:
Estonian State Commission on Examination of Policies of Repression (2005).
1442:, the counterattack of the so-called Estonian Division to break the Soviet
1115:
soldiers who took part in the parade in Tartu on July 29, were disbanded.
4953:
3897:
3394:
3342:
3203:
1927:. Marked "Secret Reich Matter," the map shows the number of Jews shot in
1567:
1063:
1276:. On February 23, 1989 the flag of the Estonian SSR had been lowered on
2665:
1936:
1829:
1533:
1529:
1318: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1111:
854:
4385:
1755:(Responsible for the operation of all concentration camps within the
1487:
1468:
1450:
destroyed a Soviet bridgehead. Another battalion of Estonians led by
1265:
1201:'boys of Finland') was formed out of Estonian volunteers in Finland.
1516:
to be returned to Estonia fully equipped. On the following day, the
957:
of tens of thousands of people from Estonia and other territories
4550:
3367:
1989:
1910:
1791:
1537:
1374:
1221:
1117:
1107:
1095:
1053:
665:
4630:
1000:
670:
5712:
5006:
3719:
3091:
2059:
Estonian military units' involvement in crimes against humanity
2020:
on occupied Estonian territory for foreign Jews. The largest,
1582:
1287:
1147:
was established for internal security under the leadership of
3013:
Between Giants: The Battle for the Baltics in World War II
2960:"Russia threatens Estonia over removal of Red Army statue"
2764:
Communism and Crimes against Humanity in the Baltic states
2080:
humanity are to be held responsible for their own actions.
2047:
There are three Estonians who have been honoured with The
1122:
Estonians greeted German soldiers as liberators in Tallinn
1158:, Reich minister for the Occupied Eastern territories, a
2908:
European Parliament resolution of 24 May 2007 on Estonia
2647:
The Soviet Occupation of Estonia in 1940–41 and the Jews
1566:
until November 23, 1944, when the Germans evacuated the
2601:
Phase II: The German occupation of Estonia in 1941–1944
2260:
The Absolute War. Soviet Russia in the Second World War
2210:
The Absolute War. Soviet Russia in the Second World War
2145:
20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian)
1933:"the estimated number of Jews still on hand is 128,000"
1540:, the 3rd Baltic Front was stopped by the Kampfgruppe "
1504:
On 1 August 1944, the Finnish government and President
1400:
20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian)
2438:
Resistance! Occupied Europe and Its Defiance of Hitler
2232:
Resistance! Occupied Europe and Its Defiance of Hitler
1251:
formed a government led by the Deputy Prime Minister,
2058:
2837:
2835:
2291:
Estonia and the Estonians (Studies of Nationalities)
6078:
6050:
6024:
6008:
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4538:
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4409:
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4310:
4276:
4234:
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4163:
4092:
4040:
4014:
4001:
3971:
3790:
3768:
3755:
3447:
3327:
3143:
3133:
2881:
Motion for a resolution on the Situation in Estonia
2012:quite early by the German occupation regime at the
1143:, an administrative subdivision of Nazi Germany. A
1094:river line on July 12. As German troops approached
1039:made a public statement over the radio calling for
1214:Estonian anti-German resistance movement 1941–1944
1154:In April 1941, on the eve on the German invasion,
976:tens of thousands of people (including indigenous
5371:Sarawak, Brunei, Labuan, and British North Borneo
2816:The Righteous: The Unsung Heroes of the Holocaust
2739:
2737:
2682:
2680:
2666:The Peculiarities of Jewish Settlement in Estonia
2584:
2582:
1247:As the Germans retreated, on September 18, 1944
6132:Military history of Estonia during World War II
2077:
1414:reached the border of Estonia as a part of the
3247:National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands
3119:Collaboration with Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy
2921:recognised as legal by the Western democracies
2746:Museum of Tolerance Multimedia Learning Center
1965:deported to Siberia along with other Estonians
1418:which began on 1 February 1944. Field Marshal
5724:
5034:History of World War II by region and country
5018:
3731:
3103:
2204:
2202:
2055:and his wife Eha Masing and Polina Lentsman.
1994:Holocaust memorial at the site of the former
1915:Map titled "Jewish Executions Carried Out by
1800:and head of the Estonian Self-Administration
1218:National Committee of the Republic of Estonia
1047:had their most extreme effects. The Estonian
899:
594:
8:
4801:
4002:
3777:
3769:
1919:" from January 31, 1941 report by commander
1176:Exile, deportations of undesirable elements.
27:Period of Estonian history from 1941 to 1944
2376:(in Estonian), president.ee, archived from
2111:Views of World War II veteran, an Estonian
1617:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5731:
5717:
5709:
5025:
5011:
5003:
4928:
4810:
4535:
4390:
4318:
4231:
4215:
4160:
4037:
4011:
3787:
3765:
3738:
3724:
3716:
3140:
3130:
3110:
3096:
3088:
1255:. On September 20 the Nazi German flag on
938:. However, in the wake of the August 1939
906:
892:
612:
601:
587:
35:
2564:. Historical Text Archive. Archived from
1637:Learn how and when to remove this message
1334:Learn how and when to remove this message
2262:, p. 198. Vintage Books, New York 2008.
2212:, p. 197. Vintage Books, New York 2008.
2714:
2712:
2176:
1546:5th SS Volunteer Sturmbrigade Wallonien
1446:began. A battalion of Estonians led by
1422:was nominated the leader of the German
1268:and operated in exile until 1992, when
1015:, an administrative subdivision of the
626:
615:
47:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
1459:began in the direction of Auvere. The
1170:) of the "racially suitable" elements.
1110:on August 17 and the Estonian capital
6096:Occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany
1834:occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany
1564:continued in the Moonsund Archipelago
1478:On July 24 the Soviets began the new
1428:Narva Offensive (15–28 February 1944)
1394:full-sized conscript division of the
18:Occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany
7:
6025:War crimes investigations and trials
2474:. Estonian Encyclopedia Publishers.
1892:1941–1944 Alfred Wendt (1902-1986)
1615:adding citations to reliable sources
1316:adding citations to reliable sources
500:Baltic diplomatic services (1940–91)
6037:War crimes trials in Soviet Estonia
3425:Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman
2934:"Russia denies Baltic 'occupation'"
2357:Nordic Journal of International Law
6167:Estonia–Germany military relations
1284:Estonians in German military units
418:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
384:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
25:
6137:World War II occupied territories
6042:Estonian International Commission
5908:Nazi occupation and organizations
4173:Friesland, Groningen, and Drenthe
3179:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
2798:, Heritage Abroad, archived from
1562:. Resistance against the Soviets
1508:were to resign. On the next day,
959:occupied by the USSR in 1939–1941
4661:Serbia (Commissioner Government)
3275:Russian Liberation People's Army
3055:Estonian SS-Legion (photographs)
3050:Estonian SS-Legion (photographs)
2985:Jackson, Patrick (May 9, 2007),
1587:
1457:Narva Offensive (1–4 March 1944)
1292:
1173:Colonization by Germanic people.
967:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
875:
637:
57:
6117:Occupation of the Baltic states
4641:Norway (Administrative Council)
3287:Slovak Expeditionary Army Group
2958:Booth, Jenny (April 27, 2007).
2625:The Virtual Jewish History Tour
2549:(in Estonian). Tallinn: Varrak.
2481:from the original on 2013-01-14
2185:"Conclusions of the Commission"
1410:The advance guard units of the
1303:needs additional citations for
6086:History of the Jews in Estonia
3081:Holocaust and Genocide Studies
2652:Holocaust and Genocide Studies
2524:, president.ee, archived from
2413:, president.ee, archived from
1907:History of the Jews in Estonia
1364:in Ukraine. They replaced the
1193:rather than join the Germans.
930:in 1918 from the then-warring
1:
4666:Serbia (Council of Ministers)
3348:Collaborationist Chinese Army
3043:Contemporary European History
2988:When giants fought in Estonia
2728:Contemporary European History
2018:concentration and labor camps
1438:, commenced. On February 24,
1195:Finnish Infantry Regiment 200
1045:Soviet destruction battalions
4439:Army Group Rear Area Command
3746:Administrative divisions in
2813:Gilbert, Sir Martin (2003),
2749:, Wiesenthal, archived from
2687:The Holocaust in the Baltics
2150:Estonian resistance movement
2040:, Jaan Viik, Juhan JĂĽriste,
1808:Estonian Self-Administration
1788:Estonian Self-Administration
1782:Estonian Self-Administration
948:invaded and occupied Estonia
749:Duchy of Estonia (1561–1721)
361:Soviet re-occupation in 1944
6157:German military occupations
6052:Righteous Among the Nations
5761:Related articles by country
4821:Belgium and Northern France
4444:Belgium and Northern France
3189:Battaglione Azad Hindoustan
3074:Weiss-Wendt, Anton (2003).
3036:Birn, Ruth Bettina (2001),
2865:September 29, 2007, at the
2049:Righteous Among the Nations
1931:, and reads at the bottom:
1514:Estonian volunteer regiment
1480:Narva Offensive (July 1944)
1366:Finnish Volunteer Battalion
850:Restoration of independence
815:Declaration of Independence
6183:
5920:Reichskommissariat Ostland
4323:Civil Administration Areas
3928:Southern Hanover–Brunswick
3378:First Indian National Army
2795:Holocaust Markers, Estonia
2165:Reichskommissariat Ostland
2022:Vaivara concentration camp
1998:, opened on 24th July 2005
1900:
1862:Director for Home Affairs
1785:
1757:Reichskommissariat Ostland
1672:Reichskommissariat Ostland
1648:
1211:
1141:Reichskommissariat Ostland
1012:Reichskommissariat Ostland
557:Lithuania–Russia relations
169:Mutual Assistance Treaties
29:
5746:
4193:North Brabant and Limburg
4188:South Holland and Zeeland
4183:North Holland and Utrecht
4178:Gelderland and Overijssel
3129:
2819:, Macmillan, p. 31,
2562:"Estonia in World War II"
2160:Klooga concentration camp
2133:Bronze Soldier of Tallinn
2030:war crimes trials in 1961
1996:Klooga concentration camp
1440:Estonian Independence Day
1027:Nazi Germany invaded the
161:Soviet occupation in 1940
6162:The Holocaust in Estonia
6147:Politics of World War II
5740:The Holocaust in Estonia
4431:Military administrations
3963:WĂĽrttemberg-Hohenzollern
3297:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
3242:National Republican Army
3237:Latvian Auxiliary Police
3162:Albanian Fascist Militia
3070:Saksa okupatsioon Eestis
3065:Hjalmar Mäe (photograph)
1687:Reichskommissar Ostland.
1416:Kingisepp–Gdov Offensive
547:Estonia–Russia relations
6152:Estonia in World War II
6127:Jewish Estonian history
6091:Estonia in World War II
5899:Franz Walter Stahlecker
3415:Royal Thai Armed Forces
3405:Manchukuo Imperial Army
3390:Lanka Sama Samaja Party
3338:Burma Independence Army
3270:Russian Liberation Army
3232:Kalmykian Cavalry Corps
3194:Belarusian Home Defence
3158:Albanian collaborators
2501:, Graham Smith, p. 91,
2350:Mälksoo, Lauri (2000).
2288:Raun, Toivo U. (2001),
2098:by Western democracies.
2069:crimes against humanity
1461:658th Eastern Battalion
1434:, the commander of the
997:Soviet prisoners of war
552:Latvia–Russia relations
147:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
100:Baltic–Soviet relations
32:Estonia in World War II
4802:
4532:Puppet administrations
4336:Carinthia and Carniola
4003:
3778:
3770:
3750:and German occupations
3400:Malayan Volunteer Army
3266:Russian collaborators
3214:Finnish Defence Forces
2894:occupation and terror,
2847:June 21, 2007, at the
2606:June 29, 2007, at the
2594:June 21, 2007, at the
2191:. 1998. Archived from
2082:
1999:
1951:Alexander II of Russia
1946:
1884:1943–1944 Oskar Öpik
1874:Directors for Justice
1843:
1815:
1804:
1798:Karl-Siegmund Litzmann
1708:S.S. und PolizeifĂĽhrer
1700:Karl-Siegmund Litzmann
1669:, subordinated to the
1528:, where on August 11,
1430:led by Soviet General
1386:underground government
1380:
1229:
1139:, subordinated to the
1123:
1059:
1009:, subordinated to the
965:, Latvia, Lithuania,
6142:Generalbezirk Estland
5930:Notable collaborators
3983:Reichsfestung Belgrad
3420:Russian Fascist Party
3209:Croatian Armed Forces
3015:. Osprey Publishing.
2006:Estonia was declared
1993:
1914:
1888:Director for Finance
1838:
1818:), also known as the
1795:
1685:(Subordinated to the
1666:Generalbezirk Estland
1651:Generalbezirk Estland
1579:German administrators
1486:. The 1st battalion (
1378:
1225:
1137:Generalbezirk Estland
1121:
1057:
1006:Generalbezirk Estland
676:Baltic Finnic peoples
572:Russians in Lithuania
6032:Einsatzgruppen trial
4985:Strength Through Joy
4944:Weather Station Kurt
4646:Norway (Quisling II)
3893:Munich–Upper Bavaria
3878:March of Brandenburg
3385:Inner Mongolian Army
3373:Indian National Army
3257:Royal Hungarian Army
3252:Romanian Land Forces
2435:Lande, Dave (2000),
2229:Lande, Dave (2000),
2103:Sergey Yastrzhembsky
1903:Holocaust in Estonia
1715:SS and Police Leader
1611:improve this section
1560:retreat from Estonia
1526:south of Lake Peipus
1312:improve this article
1208:Political resistance
920:Operation Barbarossa
855:Contemporary Estonia
394:Lithuanian partisans
107:Non-aggression pacts
5962:Concentration camps
5894:Rudolf Joachim Seck
5859:Ernst Kaltenbrunner
5483:Carpathian Ruthenia
4804:Reichskommissariats
4636:Norway (Quisling I)
4566:Chechnya-Ingushetia
4226:Bohemia and Moravia
4211:Partial annexations
4022:Danzig–West Prussia
3430:Takasago Volunteers
3358:Gando Special Force
3282:Security Battalions
2860:Moscow celebrations
2664:Berg, Eiki (1994).
2095:European Parliament
1956:Republic of Estonia
1536:on August 13. Near
1484:direction of Auvere
1238:Republic of Estonia
1023:Military occupation
820:War of Independence
562:Russians in Estonia
478:Congress of Estonia
448:Territorial changes
226:People's Parliament
5842:Major perpetrators
5073:French West Africa
5053:British Somaliland
4236:General Government
3913:Schleswig-Holstein
3292:Slovene Home Guard
2769:2011-09-29 at the
2719:Birn, Ruth Bettina
2692:2008-03-07 at the
2643:Weiss-Wendt, Anton
2545:Mart Laar (2006).
2337:2007-06-09 at the
2313:Buttar, 2013 p. 54
2278:Buttar, 2013 p. 54
2126:Monument of Lihula
2034:7 ethnic Estonians
2014:Wannsee Conference
2000:
1947:
1805:
1518:Finnish Government
1473:bombing of Tallinn
1381:
1230:
1145:Sicherheitspolizei
1124:
1060:
882:Estonia portal
845:Singing Revolution
792:National awakening
764:Great Northern War
567:Russians in Latvia
458:Singing Revolution
268:Welles Declaration
6104:
6103:
6016:Sonderaktion 1005
5889:Martin Sandberger
5828:Zelig Kalmanovich
5821:Prominent victims
5706:
5705:
5297:Dutch East Indies
5135:Southern Rhodesia
5068:French Somaliland
5000:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4920:
4919:
4890:Other occupations
4885:
4884:
4796:
4795:
4511:Adriatic Littoral
4504:Operational Zones
4425:
4424:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4272:
4271:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4088:
4087:
3997:
3996:
3713:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3692:
3548:
3443:
3442:
3331:collaborationists
3307:Wehrmacht foreign
3302:Waffen-SS foreign
3218:
3152:collaborationists
2869:at newsfromrussia
2268:978-0-375-72471-8
2218:978-0-375-72471-8
2195:on June 29, 2008.
1985:Walter Stahlecker
1977:Martin Sandberger
1973:Sonderkommando 1a
1850:Director General
1826:puppet government
1816:Eesti Omavalitsus
1796:Generalkommissar
1696:ObergruppenfĂĽhrer
1659:(in the occupied
1647:
1646:
1639:
1432:Leonid A. Govorov
1344:
1343:
1336:
918:In the course of
916:
915:
840:Soviet occupation
797:German occupation
611:
610:
522:Kersten Committee
410:Under Soviet rule
389:Latvian partisans
282:German occupation
185:Soviet-Lithuanian
138:German–Lithuanian
123:Soviet–Lithuanian
49:Occupation of the
16:(Redirected from
6174:
6079:Related articles
5884:Alfred Rosenberg
5762:
5752:
5733:
5726:
5719:
5710:
5457:Military history
5211:Native Americans
5027:
5020:
5013:
5004:
4929:
4811:
4807:
4536:
4523:Alpine Foothills
4391:
4341:Gebiet Bialystok
4319:
4232:
4216:
4161:
4075:Tyrol–Vorarlberg
4038:
4012:
4008:
3953:Westphalia-South
3948:Westphalia-North
3868:Magdeburg-Anhalt
3788:
3783:
3775:
3766:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3717:
3690:
3546:
3262:Royal Iraqi Army
3216:
3141:
3131:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3089:
3026:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2973:
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2955:
2949:
2948:
2947:
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2930:
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2917:
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2897:
2896:
2890:
2889:
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2839:
2830:
2829:
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2803:
2790:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2741:
2732:
2716:
2707:
2702:
2696:
2684:
2675:
2662:
2656:
2640:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2617:
2611:
2586:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2560:Hannes, Walter.
2557:
2551:
2550:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2521:Aleksander Warma
2516:
2510:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2480:
2473:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2370:Mark, Heinrich,
2367:
2361:
2348:
2342:
2329:
2314:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2285:
2279:
2276:
2270:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2226:
2220:
2206:
2197:
2196:
2181:
2036:: Ralf Gerrets,
1925:Nazi death squad
1766:HauptsturmfĂĽhrer
1744:Walther Schröder
1719:Generalkommissar
1680:Generalkommissar
1657:Army Group North
1642:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1622:
1591:
1583:
1510:Aleksander Warma
1424:Army Group North
1357:Franz Augsberger
1339:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1319:
1296:
1288:
1156:Alfred Rosenberg
1072:22nd Rifle Corps
1033:Continuation War
978:ethnic Estonians
955:mass deportation
940:Nazi-Soviet Pact
908:
901:
894:
880:
879:
878:
709:Livonian Crusade
693:Medieval Estonia
681:Ancient counties
641:
631:
613:
603:
596:
589:
527:Helsinki Accords
492:State continuity
428:Operation Jungle
423:Operation Priboi
374:Baltic offensive
259:June deportation
61:
36:
21:
6182:
6181:
6177:
6176:
6175:
6173:
6172:
6171:
6122:1941 in Estonia
6107:
6106:
6105:
6100:
6074:
6070:Polina Lentsman
6046:
6020:
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1981:Einsatzgruppe A
1917:Einsatzgruppe A
1909:
1901:Main articles:
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1751:Lagerkommandant
1737:1944 SS-
1725:1941–1944 SS-
1711:
1693:1941–1944 SA-
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1573:Battle of Narva
1495:Tannenberg Line
1436:Leningrad Front
1391:Gulf of Finland
1362:Division Wiking
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1049:Forest Brothers
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936:Russian Empires
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825:Interwar period
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787:Russian Livonia
782:Russian Estonia
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369:Battle of Narva
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3757:Administrative
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3450:Axis countries
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3435:Vanguard Youth
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3123:Imperial Japan
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3031:External links
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1649:Main article:
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1532:was taken and
1499:Sinimäed Hills
1452:Ain-Ervin Mere
1412:2nd Shock Army
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5988:Documentation
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5869:Hinrich Lohse
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5826:
5825:
5823:
5819:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5803:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5759:
5757:
5756:The Holocaust
5754:
5749:
5748:
5745:
5741:
5734:
5729:
5727:
5722:
5720:
5715:
5714:
5711:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5652:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5615:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5583:
5582:
5579:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5509:Liechtenstein
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5484:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5454:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5407:
5403:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5298:
5295:
5291:
5288:
5287:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5244:Latin America
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5222:South America
5220:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5181:United States
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5144:North America
5142:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5048:Belgian Congo
5046:
5045:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5028:
5023:
5021:
5016:
5014:
5009:
5008:
5005:
4989:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4971:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4923:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4812:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4799:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4747:Russia (KONR)
4745:
4743:
4742:Russia (ODNR)
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4693:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4537:
4534:
4530:
4524:
4521:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4462:zone réservée
4459:
4458:Atlantic Wall
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4408:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4383:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4309:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4284:Burgundy (SS)
4282:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4166:
4162:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4000:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3938:Upper Silesia
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3863:Lower Silesia
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3789:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3774:
3773:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3754:
3749:
3741:
3736:
3734:
3729:
3727:
3722:
3721:
3718:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3475:Baltic states
3473:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3446:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3363:Golden Square
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3326:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3222:Golden Square
3220:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3199:Blue Division
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3173:
3172:Cham Albanian
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3113:
3108:
3106:
3101:
3099:
3094:
3093:
3090:
3083:
3082:
3077:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:10.2, 181–98.
3045:
3044:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3022:9781780961637
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3005:
2990:
2989:
2981:
2978:
2965:
2961:
2954:
2951:
2940:, May 5, 2005
2939:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2910:
2909:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2883:
2882:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2826:0-8050-6260-2
2822:
2818:
2817:
2809:
2806:
2802:on 2009-08-23
2801:
2797:
2796:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2760:
2757:
2753:on 2007-09-28
2752:
2748:
2747:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2720:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2644:
2639:
2636:
2626:
2622:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2568:on 2006-03-17
2567:
2563:
2556:
2553:
2548:
2541:
2538:
2528:on 2007-09-27
2527:
2523:
2522:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2507:0-312-16192-1
2504:
2500:
2495:
2492:
2477:
2470:
2469:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2452:0-7603-0745-8
2448:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2431:
2428:
2417:on 2007-09-27
2416:
2412:
2411:
2403:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2380:on 2007-11-14
2379:
2375:
2374:
2373:Heinrich Mark
2366:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2301:0-8179-2852-9
2297:
2293:
2292:
2284:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2246:0-7603-0745-8
2242:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2177:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2118:
2116:coalition's."
2114:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2085:Controversies
2084:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2004:
1997:
1992:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1952:
1944:
1943:
1939:is marked as
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1896:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1869:
1868:Oskar Angelus
1865:
1864:
1863:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1781:
1777:Collaboration
1776:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1750:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1740:BrigadefĂĽhrer
1736:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1709:
1706:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1641:
1638:
1630:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1596:This section
1594:
1590:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1550:LĂ©on Degrelle
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1465:Alfons Rebane
1462:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1426:. The Soviet
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1398:in 1944, the
1397:
1392:
1387:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1355:. OberfĂĽhrer
1354:
1349:
1338:
1335:
1327:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1301:This section
1299:
1295:
1290:
1289:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1270:Heinrich Mark
1267:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1184:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1168:Eindeutschung
1165:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1160:Baltic German
1157:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1070:. The Soviet
1069:
1065:
1056:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1037:Joseph Stalin
1035:. On July 3,
1034:
1030:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
989:Romani people
986:
985:Estonian Jews
983:
979:
975:
970:
968:
964:
960:
956:
951:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
909:
904:
902:
897:
895:
890:
889:
887:
886:
883:
873:
872:
869:
868:
864:
863:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
806:
805:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
773:
772:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
741:
738:
733:
732:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
696:
690:
689:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
661:Narva culture
659:
657:
656:Kunda culture
654:
653:
650:
645:
644:
640:
636:
635:
632:
625:
620:
614:
604:
599:
597:
592:
590:
585:
584:
582:
581:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
544:
537:
536:
528:
525:
523:
520:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
502:
501:
498:
497:
493:
488:
487:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
468:Tautas fronte
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
415:
411:
406:
405:
395:
392:
390:
387:
386:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
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370:
367:
366:
362:
357:
356:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
334:
332:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
312:
310:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
290:
288:
283:
278:
277:
269:
266:
265:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
241:
239:
236:
235:
232:
231:Sovietization
229:
227:
224:
223:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
204:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
191:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
172:
170:
167:
166:
162:
157:
156:
148:
145:
144:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
110:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
97:
93:
88:
87:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
70:Baltic states
68:
67:
65:
64:
60:
56:
55:
52:
51:Baltic states
46:
42:
38:
37:
33:
19:
6095:
5995:Jäger Report
5953:Evald Mikson
5849:Hans Aumeier
5812:Kalevi-Liiva
5751:Main article
5640:Vatican City
5559:Soviet Union
5307:West Sumatra
5176:Newfoundland
5130:South Africa
5125:Sierra Leone
5103:North Africa
4949:Schatzgräber
4371:West Prussia
4351:Lower Styria
4289:Holland (SS)
4060:Upper Danube
4055:Lower Danube
3858:Hesse-Nassau
3828:East Prussia
3798:Baden-Alsace
3761:Nazi Germany
3759:divisions of
3748:Nazi Germany
3659:Soviet Union
3547:(until 1944)
3479:
3312:Afrika Korps
3217:(until 1944)
3084:17.1, 31–61.
3079:
3041:
3012:
3009:Buttar, Prit
2993:, retrieved
2987:
2980:
2968:. Retrieved
2963:
2953:
2942:, retrieved
2937:
2928:
2919:
2913:, retrieved
2911:, 2007-05-24
2907:
2901:
2892:
2886:, retrieved
2884:, 2007-05-21
2880:
2874:
2855:
2815:
2808:
2800:the original
2794:
2788:
2777:
2759:
2751:the original
2745:
2726:
2700:
2669:
2660:
2650:
2638:
2628:, retrieved
2624:
2615:
2599:
2570:. Retrieved
2566:the original
2555:
2546:
2540:
2530:, retrieved
2526:the original
2520:
2514:
2498:
2494:
2483:. Retrieved
2467:
2460:
2437:
2430:
2419:, retrieved
2415:the original
2409:
2402:
2393:
2382:, retrieved
2378:the original
2372:
2365:
2355:
2346:
2309:
2290:
2283:
2274:
2259:
2254:
2231:
2224:
2209:
2193:the original
2179:
2130:
2123:
2088:
2078:
2073:
2062:
2046:
2026:Kalevi-Liiva
2007:
2005:
2001:
1970:
1961:
1948:
1940:
1932:
1887:
1878:1941–1943
1873:
1866:1941–1944
1861:
1854:1941–1944
1849:
1839:
1820:
1819:
1807:
1806:
1770:Hans Aumeier
1764:
1756:
1754:
1738:
1726:
1718:
1712:
1707:
1694:
1686:
1684:
1679:
1670:
1664:
1654:
1633:
1624:
1609:Please help
1597:
1557:
1554:
1523:
1503:
1477:
1475:on March 9.
1448:Rudolf Bruus
1420:Walter Model
1409:
1382:
1348:Eastern Bloc
1345:
1330:
1321:
1310:Please help
1305:verification
1302:
1278:Pikk Hermann
1274:Lennart Meri
1257:Pikk Hermann
1246:
1242:
1235:
1231:
1203:
1198:
1191:Finnish Army
1187:
1182:
1179:
1167:
1153:
1140:
1136:
1125:
1105:
1081:
1061:
1029:Soviet Union
1026:
1017:German Reich
1010:
1004:
987:, Estonia's
971:
952:
944:Soviet Union
928:independence
924:Nazi Germany
917:
866:
835:World War II
744:Livonian War
433:Estonian SSR
330:
308:
292:
286:
244:from Estonia
238:Deportations
237:
217:to Lithuania
200:
168:
106:
80:Soviet Union
75:Nazi Germany
6009:Concealment
5943:Karl Linnas
5688:New Zealand
5654:Oceania and
5608:Switzerland
5569:Byelorussia
5524:Netherlands
5366:Philippines
5206:Puerto Rico
5161:El Salvador
4826:Netherlands
4626:Netherlands
4366:Sudetenland
4314:occupations
4150:Vistulaland
4027:Sudetenland
3979:Prinz-Eugen
3883:Mecklenburg
3664:Byelorussia
3634:Philippines
3624:Netherlands
3317:Ostlegionen
3136:Axis forces
3060:Hjalmar Mäe
2410:JĂĽri Uluots
2341:at the EIHC
2113:Arnold Meri
2042:Karl Linnas
1880:Hjalmar Mäe
1870:(1892–1979)
1858:(1901–1978)
1856:Hjalmar Mäe
1821:Directorate
1802:Hjalmar Mäe
1772:(1906–1947)
1746:(1902–1973)
1734:(1906–1974)
1702:(1893-1945)
1491:Paul Maitla
1444:bridgeheads
1249:JĂĽri Uluots
1227:JĂĽri Uluots
1199:soomepoisid
1197:(Estonian:
1128:JĂĽri Uluots
1088:Pärnu River
719:Old Livonia
628:History of
438:Latvian SSR
249:from Latvia
6111:Categories
6065:Eha Masing
6060:Uku Masing
5854:Karl Jäger
5683:New Guinea
5663:Antarctica
5656:Antarctica
5645:Yugoslavia
5564:Azerbaijan
5519:Luxembourg
5302:New Guinea
5201:New Mexico
5191:California
5098:Madagascar
5083:Gold Coast
5078:The Gambia
4959:Bassgeiger
4939:New Swabia
4907:San Marino
4732:Montenegro
4656:Montenegro
4478:Luxembourg
4356:Luxembourg
4140:Vandalland
4105:Beskidland
4032:Wartheland
4005:Reichsgaus
3818:DĂĽsseldorf
3614:Luxembourg
2915:2010-03-05
2888:2010-03-05
2671:GeoJournal
2630:2009-03-11
2572:2008-10-21
2532:2007-07-07
2485:2018-08-30
2441:, p.
2332:Chronology
2235:, p.
2171:References
2053:Uku Masing
1979:, part of
1921:Stahlecker
1828:set up in
1824:, was the
1728:OberfĂĽhrer
1627:April 2022
1506:Risto Ryti
1404:Narva line
1324:April 2022
1077:Juhan Jaik
867:Chronology
704:Viking Age
515:Lithuanian
473:Rahvarinne
453:Baltic Way
342:Resistance
337:Occupation
320:Resistance
315:Occupation
298:Resistance
293:Occupation
207:to Estonia
92:Background
6000:Judenfrei
5776:Lithuania
5668:Australia
5633:Gibraltar
5591:Catalonia
5514:Lithuania
5376:Singapore
5324:Indochina
5314:Hong Kong
5290:Manchuria
5259:Venezuela
5229:Argentina
5166:Greenland
5120:Nyasaland
4980:Nordstern
4964:Edelweiss
4872:Turkestan
4862:Don-Volga
4762:Turkestan
4712:Cossackia
4651:Macedonia
4611:Lithuania
4516:Ljubljana
4401:Bialystok
4386:Districts
4050:Carinthia
3943:Weser-Ems
3933:Thuringia
3903:Pomerania
3888:Moselland
3843:Franconia
3691:(limited)
3594:Indonesia
3572:Indochina
3522:Manchukuo
3490:Lithuania
3448:Lists by
3353:Gakutotai
3134:Lists by
2964:The Times
2621:"Estonia"
2155:Judenfrei
2009:Judenfrei
1942:judenfrei
1897:Holocaust
1846:Directors
1598:does not
1396:Waffen SS
1353:Waffen SS
1262:Stockholm
1253:Otto Tief
1100:Wehrmacht
699:Oeselians
540:Aftermath
347:Holocaust
331:Lithuania
325:Holocaust
303:Holocaust
212:to Latvia
5554:Slovenia
5549:Slovakia
5539:Portugal
5427:Bulgaria
5381:Thailand
5356:Mongolia
5329:Cambodia
5249:Suriname
5239:Colombia
5063:Ethiopia
4973:Proposed
4954:Holzauge
4857:Caucasia
4850:Proposed
4788:Brittany
4781:Proposed
4772:Wallonia
4757:Slovakia
4707:Bulgaria
4681:Wallonia
4671:Slovakia
4586:Flanders
4468:Slovakia
4417:Brussels
4410:Proposed
4376:Zichenau
4346:Lorraine
4294:Lombardy
4277:Proposed
4165:Westland
4155:Wallonia
4135:Nordmark
4130:Gothland
4120:Flanders
4115:Burgundy
4093:Proposed
4065:Salzburg
3972:Proposed
3958:Westmark
3898:NSDAP/AO
3803:Bayreuth
3780:Altreich
3696:Thailand
3676:Chechnya
3654:Slovakia
3577:Cambodia
3527:Mongolia
3502:Bulgaria
3395:Makapili
3343:Chinilpa
3329:Japanese
3204:Chetniks
3011:(2013).
2966:. London
2938:BBC News
2863:Archived
2845:Archived
2767:Archived
2721:(2001),
2690:Archived
2645:(1998).
2604:Archived
2592:Archived
2476:Archived
2335:Archived
2139:See also
2120:things."
1812:Estonian
1084:8th Army
1064:Red Army
993:Russians
974:murdered
619:a series
617:Part of
505:Estonian
201:Ultimata
41:a series
39:Part of
5979:Vaivara
5796:Ukraine
5766:Belarus
5596:Galicia
5574:Ukraine
5544:Romania
5494:Ireland
5489:Iceland
5479:Hungary
5469:Germany
5447:Finland
5442:Estonia
5437:Denmark
5422:Belgium
5417:Austria
5412:Albania
5254:Uruguay
5186:Arizona
5113:Morocco
5108:Tunisia
5093:Liberia
4932:Founded
4912:Tunisia
4897:Finland
4867:Muscovy
4841:Ukraine
4836:Ostland
4814:Founded
4767:Ukraine
4737:Romania
4727:Hungary
4702:Belarus
4676:Ukraine
4601:Hungary
4581:Denmark
4571:Croatia
4561:Belarus
4556:Austria
4546:Albania
4539:Founded
4449:Croatia
4394:Founded
4244:Galicia
4219:Founded
4125:Galicia
4110:Brabant
4042:Austria
4015:Founded
3989:Holland
3918:Silesia
3853:Hamburg
3791:Founded
3681:Ukraine
3669:Belarus
3644:Romania
3587:Vietnam
3562:Hungary
3544:Finland
3539:Denmark
3534:Croatia
3497:Belgium
3480:Estonia
3458:Albania
3150:Italian
2995:May 20,
2970:May 20,
2944:May 20,
2782:Vaivara
2705:Estonia
2421:12 July
2384:12 July
1983:led by
1937:Estonia
1929:Ostland
1832:during
1830:Estonia
1619:removed
1604:sources
1548:led by
1530:Petseri
1497:in the
1482:in the
1463:led by
1112:Tallinn
1092:Emajõgi
630:Estonia
510:Latvian
463:Sąjūdis
287:Estonia
5974:Jägala
5969:Klooga
5805:Crimes
5791:Russia
5786:Poland
5781:Norway
5771:Latvia
5603:Sweden
5534:Poland
5529:Norway
5504:Latvia
5474:Greece
5452:France
5405:Europe
5391:Turkey
5351:Malaya
5280:Ceylon
5234:Brazil
5196:Nevada
5171:Mexico
5151:Canada
5041:Africa
4902:Monaco
4831:Norway
4752:Serbia
4722:Greece
4717:France
4695:Exiled
4596:Greece
4591:France
4488:Serbia
4483:Poland
4473:Greece
4454:France
4331:Alsace
4312:German
4264:Warsaw
4254:Lublin
4249:KrakĂłw
4145:Venice
4080:Vienna
4070:Styria
3923:Swabia
3908:Saxony
3808:Berlin
3701:Taiwan
3649:Serbia
3639:Poland
3629:Norway
3619:Malaya
3557:Greece
3552:France
3512:Ceylon
3485:Latvia
3145:German
3019:
2823:
2505:
2449:
2298:
2266:
2243:
2216:
1975:under
1542:Wagner
1488:Stubaf
1469:Auvere
1266:Sweden
942:, the
932:German
671:Chudes
621:on the
309:Latvia
43:on the
5678:Nauru
5623:Wales
5581:Spain
5499:Italy
5386:Tibet
5361:Nepal
5346:Japan
5319:India
5285:China
5275:Burma
5088:Kenya
5058:Egypt
4925:Other
4621:Lokot
4616:Lepel
4606:Italy
4493:Banat
4361:Posen
4259:Radom
4100:Banat
3838:Essen
3688:Spain
3609:Korea
3604:Italy
3567:India
3517:China
3507:Burma
3368:Heiho
2991:, BBC
2479:(PDF)
2472:(PDF)
1923:of a
1713:(The
1568:Sõrve
1538:Tartu
1370:Nevel
1108:Narva
1096:Tartu
1068:Harju
982:local
666:Aesti
5396:Tuva
5341:Iraq
5336:Iran
5268:Asia
5156:Cuba
4877:Ural
4631:Nias
4551:Asch
3772:Gaus
3599:Iraq
3582:Laos
3410:PETA
3227:Hiwi
3121:and
3017:ISBN
2997:2010
2972:2010
2946:2010
2821:ISBN
2503:ISBN
2447:ISBN
2423:2013
2386:2013
2296:ISBN
2264:ISBN
2241:ISBN
2214:ISBN
2063:The
1905:and
1661:USSR
1602:any
1600:cite
1534:Võru
1216:and
1082:The
1001:Jews
946:had
934:and
3147:and
2443:200
2237:188
1763:SS-
1759:.)
1721:.)
1613:by
1314:by
1090:to
6113::
4460:‧
3078:.
3040:.
2962:.
2936:,
2918:,
2891:,
2834:^
2736:^
2725:.
2711:^
2679:^
2668:.
2649:.
2623:,
2598:–
2581:^
2445:,
2354:.
2318:^
2294:,
2239:,
2201:^
2187:.
2135:.
2128:.
2071:.
2051::
1935:.
1814::
1689:)
1675:.
1552:.
1501:.
1372:.
1264:,
1185:.
1151:.
1019:.
999:,
995:,
991:,
980:,
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922:,
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5481:(
5026:e
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4464:)
4456:(
3985:)
3981:(
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3776:(
3739:e
3732:t
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3025:.
2974:.
2575:.
2509:.
2488:.
1945:.
1810:(
1640:)
1634:(
1629:)
1625:(
1621:.
1607:.
1337:)
1331:(
1326:)
1322:(
1308:.
907:e
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
