427:, a girl). After 36 BC, Octavia returned to Rome with the daughters of her second marriage. On several occasions she acted as a political advisor and negotiator between her husband and brother. For example, in the spring of 37 BC, while pregnant with her daughter Antonia Minor, she was considered essential to an arms deal held at Tarentum, in which Antony and Augustus agreed to aid each other in their Parthian and Sicilian campaigns. She had won over her brother's advisers Agrippa and Maecenas and convinced him to renew their alliance. She was hailed as a "marvel of womankind." In 35 BC, after Antony suffered a disastrous campaign in Parthia, she brought fresh troops, provisions, and funds to Athens. There Antony had left a letter for her, instructing her to go no further. Mark Antony divorced Octavia in late 33 BC. In 33, Antony sent men to eject her from his house in Rome. She became sole caretaker of their children, except for Antyllus who was already with his father in the East. After Antony's suicide in 30 BC, her brother executed Antyllus but allowed Octavia to raise Antony's younger son Iullus by Fulvia as well as his children by Cleopatra (the two sons Alexander Helios and
40:
536:
363:
2262:
1082:
1004:
968:
843:
440:
1894:"Octavian was much attached to his sister, and she possessed all the charms, accomplishments and virtues likely to fascinate the affections and secure a lasting influence over the mind of a husband. Her beauty was universally allowed to be superior to that of Cleopatra and her virtue was such as to excite even admiration in an age of growing licentiousness and corruption."
338:, and was eventually pardoned by him. In 47 BC he was able to intercede with Caesar for his cousin and namesake, also a former consul, then living in exile. Presumably, Octavia continued to live with her husband from the time of their marriage (she would have been between 12 and 15 when they married) to her husband's death. They had three surviving children:
552:
in her memory). Augustus also had the Roman senate declare his sister to be a goddess. Augustus declined some other honors decreed to her by the senate, for reasons unknown. She was one of the first Roman women to have coins minted bearing her image; only Antony's previous wife Fulvia pre-empted her.
470:
were required to have. This meant they could freely manage their own finances. Finally, they were the first women in Rome to have statues and portraits displayed en masse in public places. Previously, only one woman, Cornelia, mother of the
Gracchi, had been part of the public statues displayed in
547:
Octavia died of natural causes. Suetonius says she died in
Augustus' 54th year, thus 11 BC with Roman inclusive counting. Her funeral was a public one, with her sons-in-law (Drusus, Ahenobarbus, Iullus Antonius, and possibly Paullus Aemillius Lepidus) carrying her to the grave in the Mausoleum of
491:
recited three whole books for
Augustus: the second, fourth, and sixth—this last out of his well-known affection for Octavia, who (being present at the recitation) is said to have fainted at the lines about her son, "… You shall be Marcellus" . Revived only with difficulty, she sent Virgil ten
510:, II.) but Seneca may wish to show off his rhetorical skill with hyperbole, rather than adhere to fact. Some dispute Seneca's version, as Octavia publicly opened the Library of Marcellus, dedicated in his memory, while her brother completed the building of
514:
in his honor. Undoubtedly
Octavia attended both ceremonies, as well as the Ara Pacis ceremony to welcome her brother's return in 13BC from the provinces. She was also consulted in regard to, and in some versions advised, that Augustus's daughter
471:
Rome. In
Augustus' rebuilding of Rome as a city of marble, Octavia was featured. In all her representations, she wore the "nodus" hairstyle, which at the time was considered conservative and dignified, and worn by women from many classes.
382:
having died shortly before). This marriage had to be approved by the Senate, as she was pregnant with her first husband's child, and was a politically motivated attempt to cement the uneasy alliance between her brother
Octavian and
249:
One of the most prominent women in Roman history, Octavia was respected and admired by contemporaries for her loyalty, nobility and humanity, as well as for maintaining traditional Roman feminine virtues.
1167:
1161:, in which the poet read the passage in Book VI in praise of Octavia's late son Marcellus and Octavia fainted with grief, has inspired several works of art. The most famous example is
327:. Thus, Octavia's husband continued to oppose Julius Caesar, including in the crucial year of his consulship, 50 BC. Civil war broke out when Caesar invaded Italy from Gaul in 49 BC.
1437:
387:; however, Octavia does appear to have been a loyal and faithful wife to Antony. Between 40 and 36 BC, she travelled with Antony to various provinces and lived with him in his
500:
She may have never fully recovered from the death of her son, and retired from public life, except on important occasions. The major source that
Octavia never recovered is
1709:
61. A Roman child is 1 year old until its 365th day, when it becomes 2. Thus
Augustus' 54th year = 10 BC, since he was born in 63. Note that Dio 54.35.4-5 is not datable.
39:
2064:
658:
570:
475:
347:
291:. Octavia spent much of her childhood travelling with her parents. Marcius was in charge of educating Octavia and her brother Octavian, later known as Augustus.
724:
323:(Caesar's daughter, and thus Octavia's cousin once removed). The couple did not want to get a divorce, so instead Pompey declined the proposal and married
683:
548:
Augustus. Drusus delivered one funeral oration from the rostra and
Augustus gave her the highest posthumous honors (building the Gate of Octavia and
2203:
878:
729:
835:
428:
300:
288:
110:
462:, meaning it was illegal to verbally insult them. Previously, this had only been granted to tribunes. Livia and Octavia were made immune from
984:
2180:
2002:
1845:
2303:
1966:
Fulvia und
Octavia: die beiden Ehefrauen des Marcus Antonius in den politischen Kämpfen der Umbruchszeit zwischen Republik und Principat
2057:
797:
791:
591:
Octavia and Mark Antony had two surviving daughters by their marriage (her second, his fourth), and both were the ancestors of later
334:, was an initial opponent of Julius Caesar when Caesar invaded Italy, but did not take up arms against his wife's great uncle at the
2133:
2125:
1558:
882:
478:. When Marcellus died of illness in 23 BC unexpectedly, Augustus was thunderstruck and Octavia disconsolate almost beyond recovery.
315:. In 54 BC, Octavia's great-uncle Julius Caesar is said to have been anxious for her to divorce her husband so that she could marry
2175:
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716:
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1898:
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1244:
785:
178:
143:
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1162:
909:
415:
The alliance was severely tested by Antony's abandonment of Octavia and their children in favor of his former lover Queen
287:; her father, a Roman governor and senator, died in 59 BC from natural causes. Her mother later remarried, to the consul
2288:
2313:
1812:"St. Melania (the Younger)." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 15 Mar. 2013
1292:
Their names are unknown, but it is known that all of them were killed by Nero, thus descent from this line is extinct.
1252:
867:
827:
771:
675:
506:
268:
1194:
Octavia's later life, around the time of the death of Marcellus, is depicted in the 1976 television adaptation of
308:
272:
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1422:
2026:
1260:
821:
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2016:
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Continuité gentilice et continuité sénatoriale dans les familles sénatoriales romaines à l'époque impériale
2293:
1172:
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of Egypt (Antony and Cleopatra had met in 41 BC, an interaction that resulted in Cleopatra bearing twins,
343:
339:
320:
168:
138:
133:
2308:
2298:
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992:
235:
96:
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511:
2106:
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335:
1680:
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1268:
1233:
A highly fictionalized version of Octavia's early life is depicted in the 2005 television series
1184:
942:
501:
454:
In 35 BC, Augustus accorded a number of honours and privileges to Octavia, and also to his wife,
1204:. The role was played by Angela Morant, and should not be confused with her great-granddaughter
1554:
1188:
1069:
815:
765:
735:
599:
549:
540:
400:
354:
Octavia bore Marcellus four sons and four daughters. Her husband Marcellus died in May 40 BC.
223:
148:
125:
1449:
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1992:
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1546:
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1158:
1029:
566:
Octavia and her first husband had one son and two daughters who survived to adulthood.
481:
200:
65:
1553:. Vol. Women of the Ancient World (illustrated ed.). Routledge. p. 25.
2282:
2094:
1461:
1195:
1035:
948:
927:
689:
633:
609:
592:
467:
404:
276:
242:, and paternal great-grandmother and maternal great-great-grandmother of the Emperor
215:
153:
1933:
17:
2223:
1240:
630:
371:
304:
85:
1938:
963:
Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus Major (born between 7 and 12 AD), died in childhood
523:
after her mourning for Marcellus ended. Agrippa had to divorce Octavia's daughter
391:
mansion. There she raised her children by Marcellus as well as Antony's two sons;
2218:
1868:
1759:
1487:
1200:
1081:
1049:
1003:
967:
842:
751:
384:
375:
227:
115:
81:
61:
1846:"Domina, il cast: Claire Forlani e Alexandra Moloney presentano Ottavia. VIDEO"
1010:
Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus) (same man as
954:
Tiberius Julius Caesar Germanicus (born between 7 and 12 AD), died as an infant
2213:
2036:
1921:
1916:
1731:
1453:
1227:
933:
1811:
800:(c. 75 – after 115), according to some authors, this man may be one of Saint
527:
in order to marry Julia, so Augustus wanted Octavia's endorsement very much.
458: – previously unheard of for women in Rome. They were granted
1324:
1149:
439:
416:
1075:
Tiberius Claudius Caesar Germanicus II Gemellus (19 AD – 23 AD), died young
1400:
1209:
1085:
971:
641:
637:
617:
613:
493:
264:
239:
231:
219:
1971:
Foubert, Lien. “Vesta and Julio-Claudian women in imperial propaganda.”
1521:
1043:
163:
1906:
says merely that she was "distinguished for her beauty and her virtue"
1801:
Potter, David S., The Roman Empire at Bay: AD 180-395 (2004), pg. 389
1479:
1154:
485:
388:
379:
331:
316:
350:. All three were born in Italy. However, according to the anonymous
1950:
Cluett, Ronald. “Roman women and triumviral politics, 43-37 B.C.”
455:
361:
284:
299:
Some time before 54 BC, her stepfather arranged for her to marry
1213:
847:
645:
603:
280:
243:
77:
57:
2046:
466:, the male guardianship which all women in Rome except for the
1168:
Virgil reading The Aeneid before Augustus, Livia and Octavia
303:. He was a member of the influential plebeian branch of the
1662:
1957:
Erhart, K. P. “A new portrait type of Octavia Minor (?).”
1869:"Octavia Minor and the Transition from Republic to Empire"
399:, as well as the two daughters of her marriage to Antony,
1341:
1339:
1337:
1147:
A famous anecdote, recorded in the late fourth-century
1980:
The First ladies of Rome: the women behind the Caesars
1649:
The First Ladies of Rome: The Women behind the Caesars
1600:
The First Ladies of Rome: The Women behind the Caesars
1576:
The First Ladies of Rome: The Women behind the Caesars
378:
in October 40 BC, as his fourth wife (his third wife
1272:(2021), Octavia was played by Alexandra Moloney and
648:, were amongst the most famous of her descendants.
230:. She was also the great-grandmother of the Emperor
2196:
2144:
2117:
2086:
1061:
Gaius Rubellius Blandus (? – ?), issue unknown
184:
174:
162:
124:
103:
91:
71:
46:
32:
2039:entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith
1777:Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193-284
1191:, have also been inspired to depict this scene.
1243:) seduces and sleeps with her younger brother,
1208:(also referred to as "Octavia" in the series),
886:
874:
873:Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus (same man as
1934:Marcellus, Octavia's only son who died aged 20
1717:
1715:
854:(Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus) (37 AD – 68 AD)
263:Octavia was born around 66 BC. Full sister to
2058:
960:(born between 7 and 12 AD), died as an infant
222:(known also as Octavian), the half-sister of
8:
1064:Rubellius Drusus (? – ?), issue unknown
474:Augustus adored, but never adopted, her son
1263:), none of which has any historical basis.
1212:'s daughter and wife of the future emperor
680:Iullus Antonius (? – ?), issue unknown
214:– 11 BC) was the elder sister of the first
2065:
2051:
2043:
1939:Julia, Octavia's daughter-in-law and niece
1917:Octavia's birth and life discussed briefly
1755:
1753:
1751:
431:, and one daughter, Cleopatra Selene II).
29:
1952:Echos du monde classique. Classical views
860:(January 63 AD – April 63 AD), died young
27:Roman noblewoman, full-sister of Augustus
2204:List of cultural depictions of Cleopatra
1602:. London: Jonathan Cape. pp. 30–37.
620:, and great-grandmother to Emperor Nero.
534:
438:
267:, Octavia was the only daughter born of
1464:– via Cambridge University Press.
1305:
1285:
447:, Book VI, to Augustus and Octavia, by
1438:"Marcia Catonis and the Fulmen Clarum"
901:
893:
238:, maternal grandmother of the Emperor
1383:
1312:
1058:(33 AD – 62 AD), had several children
484:, in his Life of Vergil, states that
7:
1922:Octavia's marriage discussed briefly
1651:. London: Jonathan Cape. p. 38.
1596:49.33.3-4. See also a modern source,
1426:, Νέος Ἑλληνομνήμων 1 (1904), p. 148
1216:, who was played by Cheryl Johnson.
1117:
1070:Tiberius Julius Caesar Nero Gemellus
1255:) and a romantic relationship with
975:Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (
851:Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus
1663:"Aelius Donatus, "Life of Virgil""
747:(39 AD or 40 AD – 62 AD), no issue
25:
1239:, in which Octavia of the Julii (
1072:(19AD – 37 AD or 38 AD), no issue
892:Valeria Messalina (same woman as
725:Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus
2261:
2260:
1959:The J. Paul Getty Museum journal
1128:
1080:
1002:
966:
841:
717:Marcus Valerius Messala Barbatus
38:
2209:Cultural depictions of Augustus
1647:Freisenbruch, Annelise (2010).
1598:Freisenbruch, Annelise (2010).
1574:Freisenbruch, Annelise (2010).
1436:Tansey, Patrick (May 7, 2013).
1116:Claudia Octavia (same woman as
949:Drusus Julius Caesar Germanicus
786:Gaius Vipstanus Messalla Gallus
1978:Freisenbruch, Annelise. 2010.
1421:Ἀνέκδοτον ἀπόσπασμα συγγραϕῆς
1108:
728:(? – ?), possibly son of
686:(20 BC – AD 25), issue unknown
1:
1171:but other artists, including
1163:Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
1044:Claudia Livia Julia (Livilla)
943:Nero Julius Caesar Germanicus
910:Faustus Cornelius Sulla Felix
319:, who had just lost his wife
208:
50:
2027:Resources in other libraries
1968:. Berlin: Logos-Verl., 1999.
1904:Nuttall Encyclopedia profile
1779:(2011), pg. 123-124-125-127.
1247:, has a lesbian affair with
987:(39 AD – 41 AD), died young
836:Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus
780:(? – ?), issue unknown
706:(? – ?), issue unknown
692:(? – ?), issue unknown
2340:
2304:1st-century BC Roman women
1423:περὶ τοῦ Καισαρείου γένους
1107:A son (same individual as
1090:Caesar Augustus Germanicus
868:Domitia Lepida the Younger
828:Quintus Haterius Antoninus
772:Lucius Vipstanus Poplicola
539:Today's appearance of the
507:De Consolatione ad Marciam
352:Περὶ τοῦ καισαρείου γένους
311:, a famous general in the
307:family and descended from
2256:
2022:Resources in your library
1852:(in Italian). 6 May 2021.
1792:(2000), pgs. 227-228-229.
1687:. Encyclopædia Britannica
1454:10.1017/S000983881200081X
1259:(based on the historical
1123:Tiberius Claudius Caesar
1038:(18 AD – 42 AD), no issue
1032:(16 AD – 38 AD), no issue
1019:
1011:
798:Lucius Vipstanus Messalla
792:Lucius Vipstanus Messalla
758:(41 AD – 55 AD), no issue
752:Tiberius Claudius Caesar
739:(17 AD or 20 AD – 48 AD)
661:(42 BC – 23 BC), no issue
659:Marcus Claudius Marcellus
616:, grandmother to Emperor
602:: grandmother to Emperor
587:Children with Mark Antony
571:Marcus Claudius Marcellus
348:Marcus Claudius Marcellus
309:Marcus Claudius Marcellus
226:, and the fourth wife of
144:Marcus Claudius Marcellus
37:
1982:. London: Jonathan Cape.
1954:17, no. 1 (1998), 67–84.
1764:The Augustan Aristocracy
1578:. London: Jonathan Cape.
1347:"Octavia Minor - Livius"
1261:Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
1251:(the series' version of
1096:Tiberius Claudius Drusus
951:(8 AD – 33 AD), no issue
945:(6 AD – 30 AD), no issue
822:Domitia Lepida the Elder
778:Gaius Valerius Poplicola
704:Paullus Aemilius Regulus
496:for each of the verses."
374:decree, Octavia married
301:Gaius Claudius Marcellus
289:Lucius Marcius Philippus
111:Gaius Claudius Marcellus
2169:The Spread of the Eagle
1899:Details on Octavia pt 2
1891:Details on Octavia pt 1
1867:Moore, Katrina (2017).
1442:The Classical Quarterly
1230:in an uncredited role.
1056:Gaius Rubellius Plautus
818:(39 BC – before 25 AD)
676:Vipsania Marcella Minor
671:Vipsania Marcella Major
562:Children with Marcellus
366:Mark Antony and Octavia
330:Marcellus, a friend of
2319:Julio-Claudian dynasty
1928:Family and descendants
1788:Settipani, Christian.
1532:5.93-95; Cassius Dio,
1173:Jean-Joseph Taillasson
788:(c. 10 BC – after 60)
698:Claudia Marcella Minor
665:Claudia Marcella Major
581:Claudia Marcella Minor
576:Claudia Marcella Major
544:
525:Claudia Marcella Major
498:
451:
367:
344:Claudia Marcella Minor
340:Claudia Marcella Major
279:. Octavia was born in
204:
139:Claudia Marcella Minor
134:Claudia Marcella Major
1874:. Clemson University.
1616:57.4-5; Cassius Dio,
1249:Servilia of the Junii
538:
489:
442:
407:who were born there.
365:
271:' second marriage to
236:Agrippina the Younger
97:Mausoleum of Augustus
2324:Wives of Mark Antony
2134:Antony and Cleopatra
2126:Antony and Cleopatra
2079:Antony and Cleopatra
1524:in 37 BC: Plutarch,
1520:So at the treaty of
768:(c. 10 BC – ?)
612:: mother to Emperor
429:Ptolemy Philadelphus
18:Octavia of the Julii
2289:Octavia the Younger
2074:William Shakespeare
2008:Octavia the Younger
1975:45 (2015), 187–204.
1736:virtualreligion.net
1226:, she is played by
1181:Jean-Baptiste Wicar
1143:Cultural depictions
1104:(c. 30 AD – 66 AD)
879:Aurelius Messalinus
877:), possibly son of
824:(c. 19 BC – 59 AD)
774:(c. 10 – after 59)
730:Aurelius Messalinus
654:Octavia the Younger
512:Marcellus's theatre
336:Battle of Pharsalus
197:Octavia the Younger
2314:Family of Augustus
1834:on March 10, 2016.
1824:"Cleopatra (1963)"
1185:Jean-Bruno Gassies
545:
452:
368:
75:11 BC (aged c. 55)
2276:
2275:
2087:Stage adaptations
2003:Library resources
1961:8 (1980), 117–28.
1685:Britannica Online
1633:87; Cassius Dio,
1592:53; Cassius Dio,
1266:In the TV series
1189:Angelica Kaufmann
1165:'s 1812 painting
997:(Agrippina Minor)
883:Valerius Barbatus
766:Valeria Messallia
736:Valeria Messalina
550:Porticus Octaviae
541:Porticus Octaviae
224:Octavia the Elder
194:
193:
149:Antonia the Elder
16:(Redirected from
2331:
2264:
2263:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2044:
1885:Life and virtues
1875:
1873:
1854:
1853:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1830:. Archived from
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1814:
1808:
1802:
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1780:
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1417:Spyridon Lambros
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1362:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1343:
1332:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1293:
1290:
1092:(10 BC – 54 AD)
1084:
1046:(13 BC – 31 AD)
1006:
981:(12 AD – 41 AD)
970:
939:(15 BC – 19 AD)
930:(36 BC – 37 AD)
917:
912:(22 AD – 62 AD)
870:(10 BC – 54 AD)
853:
845:
838:(17 BC – 40 AD)
794:(c. 45 – c. 80)
757:
746:
738:
727:
720:(11 BC – 20/21)
719:
425:Cleopatra Selene
421:Alexander Helios
325:Cornelia Metella
313:Second Punic War
213:
210:
55:
52:
42:
30:
21:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2332:
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2329:
2328:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2252:
2246:Roman Tragedies
2192:
2140:
2113:
2082:
2071:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1989:
1973:Ancient society
1882:
1880:Further reading
1871:
1866:
1858:
1857:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1810:Schlitz, Carl.
1809:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1787:
1783:
1774:
1770:
1766:(1986), pg. 242
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1628:
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1607:
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1587:
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1568:
1561:
1547:Fantham, Elaine
1545:
1544:
1540:
1519:
1515:
1502:
1498:
1486:5.64 and 5.66;
1473:
1469:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1415:
1411:
1394:
1390:
1382:
1378:
1369:
1365:
1355:
1353:
1345:
1344:
1335:
1323:
1319:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1206:Claudia Octavia
1145:
1140:
1102:Claudia Antonia
1052:(7 AD – 43 AD)
915:
858:Claudia Augusta
846:
750:
744:Claudia Octavia
742:
734:
723:
715:
710:Claudia Pulchra
684:Lucius Antonius
627:
559:
533:
443:Virgil reading
437:
413:
360:
358:Second marriage
297:
261:
256:
211:
158:
120:
99:
76:
56:
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2337:
2335:
2327:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2281:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2242:
2234:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2173:
2165:
2159:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2130:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2103:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1988:
1987:External links
1985:
1984:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1901:
1896:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1863:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1837:
1815:
1803:
1794:
1781:
1775:Mennen, Inge.
1768:
1747:
1723:
1711:
1698:
1672:
1654:
1639:
1622:
1605:
1581:
1566:
1559:
1538:
1513:
1496:
1467:
1448:(1): 423–426.
1428:
1409:
1388:
1376:
1363:
1351:www.livius.org
1333:
1317:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1274:Claire Forlani
1257:Marcus Agrippa
1245:Gaius Octavian
1177:Antonio Zucchi
1159:Aelius Donatus
1144:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1121:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1099:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1033:
1030:Julia Drusilla
1027:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1023:
990:
989:
988:
985:Julia Drusilla
964:
961:
955:
952:
946:
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924:
923:
922:
921:
920:
919:
907:
906:
905:
890:
865:
864:
863:
862:
861:
833:
832:
831:
813:
812:
811:
810:
809:
808:
807:
806:
805:
783:
782:
781:
763:
762:
761:
760:
759:
748:
732:
713:
707:
695:
694:
693:
687:
681:
678:
673:
662:
650:
626:
623:
622:
621:
607:
593:Roman emperors
589:
588:
584:
583:
578:
573:
564:
563:
558:
555:
532:
529:
482:Aelius Donatus
468:Vestal Virgins
460:sacrosanctitas
436:
433:
412:
409:
359:
356:
296:
295:First marriage
293:
283:, present-day
269:Gaius Octavius
260:
257:
255:
252:
192:
191:
186:
182:
181:
179:Gaius Octavius
176:
172:
171:
169:Julio-Claudian
166:
160:
159:
157:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
130:
128:
122:
121:
119:
118:
113:
107:
105:
101:
100:
95:
93:
89:
88:
73:
69:
68:
66:Roman Republic
48:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2336:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2294:60s BC births
2292:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2269:
2268:
2259:
2258:
2255:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2095:The False One
2092:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2068:
2063:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1997:on livius.org
1996:
1995:
1994:Octavia Minor
1991:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1945:Print sources
1944:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1807:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1756:
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1752:
1748:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1686:
1682:
1676:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1658:
1655:
1650:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1635:Roman History
1632:
1626:
1623:
1619:
1618:Roman History
1615:
1609:
1606:
1601:
1595:
1594:Roman History
1591:
1585:
1582:
1577:
1570:
1567:
1562:
1560:9781134323449
1556:
1552:
1551:Julia Augusti
1548:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1534:Roman History
1531:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1492:Roman History
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1432:
1429:
1425:
1424:
1418:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1386:, p. 28.
1385:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1364:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1306:
1299:
1289:
1286:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1196:Robert Graves
1192:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1142:
1130:
1127:(same man as
1126:
1122:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1037:
1036:Julia Livilla
1034:
1031:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1018:See his line
1016:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
1000:
999:(15 AD – 59)
998:
996:
991:
986:
983:
982:
980:
978:
974:
969:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
940:
938:
937:Julius Caesar
936:
932:
931:
929:
928:Antonia Minor
926:
914:
913:
911:
908:
904:
903:
900:See her line
898:
897:
895:
891:
888:
885:(same man as
884:
880:
876:
872:
871:
869:
866:
859:
856:
855:
852:
850:
844:
840:
839:
837:
834:
829:
826:
825:
823:
820:
819:
817:
816:Antonia Major
814:
804:'s ancestors.
803:
799:
796:
795:
793:
790:
789:
787:
784:
779:
776:
775:
773:
770:
769:
767:
764:
756:
755:
749:
745:
741:
740:
737:
733:
731:
726:
722:
721:
718:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
701:
700:(born 40 BC)
699:
696:
691:
690:Iulla Antonia
688:
685:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
668:
667:(born 41 BC)
666:
663:
660:
657:
656:
655:
652:
651:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
632:
624:
619:
615:
611:
610:Antonia Minor
608:
605:
601:
600:Antonia Major
598:
597:
596:
594:
586:
585:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
568:
567:
561:
560:
556:
554:
551:
542:
537:
530:
528:
526:
522:
518:
513:
509:
508:
503:
497:
495:
488:
487:
483:
479:
477:
472:
469:
465:
461:
457:
450:
446:
441:
434:
432:
430:
426:
423:, a boy, and
422:
418:
417:Cleopatra VII
410:
408:
406:
405:Antonia Minor
402:
401:Antonia Major
398:
394:
390:
386:
381:
377:
373:
364:
357:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
294:
292:
290:
286:
282:
278:
277:Julius Caesar
274:
270:
266:
258:
253:
251:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
216:Roman emperor
206:
205:Octavia Minor
202:
198:
190:
187:
183:
180:
177:
173:
170:
167:
165:
161:
155:
154:Antonia Minor
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
131:
129:
127:
123:
117:
114:
112:
109:
108:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
87:
83:
79:
74:
70:
67:
63:
59:
49:
45:
41:
36:
33:Octavia Minor
31:
19:
2309:Octavii Rufi
2299:11 BC deaths
2265:
2244:
2236:
2228:
2224:Thomas North
2189:(2016; film)
2167:
2132:
2124:
2107:All for Love
2105:
2099:
2093:
2077:
2017:Online books
2007:
1993:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1893:
1849:
1840:
1832:the original
1827:
1818:
1806:
1797:
1789:
1784:
1776:
1771:
1763:
1760:Syme, Ronald
1739:. Retrieved
1735:
1726:
1706:
1701:
1689:. Retrieved
1684:
1675:
1666:
1657:
1648:
1642:
1634:
1630:
1625:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1599:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1575:
1569:
1550:
1541:
1533:
1529:
1528:35; Appian,
1525:
1516:
1508:
1507:33; Appian,
1504:
1499:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1470:
1445:
1441:
1431:
1420:
1412:
1404:
1396:
1391:
1379:
1371:
1366:
1354:. Retrieved
1350:
1328:
1320:
1315:, p. 9.
1308:
1288:
1267:
1265:
1241:Kerry Condon
1234:
1232:
1222:
1218:
1199:
1193:
1166:
1148:
1146:
1124:
1098:, died young
1087:
1017:
1007:
994:
976:
972:
957:
934:
918:, died young
899:
848:
830:(? – ?)
753:
653:
628:
590:
565:
546:
505:
499:
490:
480:
473:
463:
459:
453:
444:
414:
369:
351:
329:
298:
262:
248:
234:and Empress
212: 66 BC
196:
195:
86:Roman Empire
54: 66 BC
1721:Dio 54.35.5
1488:Cassius Dio
1395:Suetonius,
1370:Suetonius,
1201:I, Claudius
1125:Britannicus
1050:Julia Livia
754:Britannicus
625:Descendants
385:Mark Antony
376:Mark Antony
275:, niece of
228:Mark Antony
116:Mark Antony
2283:Categories
2214:Salad days
2172:(1963; TV)
1911:Discussion
1741:2016-03-08
1667:virgil.org
1629:Plutarch,
1612:Plutarch,
1588:Plutarch,
1530:Civil Wars
1509:Civil Wars
1503:Plutarch,
1484:Civil Wars
1474:Plutarch,
1384:Moore 2017
1313:Moore 2017
1300:References
1228:Jean Marsh
1221:1963 film
935:Germanicus
712:(14 BC–26)
449:Taillasson
435:Later life
372:Senatorial
2238:Cleopatra
2230:Cleopatra
2145:On screen
1964:Fischer.
1732:"Octavia"
1707:Div. Aug.
1681:"Octavia"
1462:170989205
1325:Suetonius
1223:Cleopatra
1198:'s novel
1086:Tiberius
995:Agrippina
494:sesterces
492:thousand
476:Marcellus
411:Breakdown
259:Childhood
207: ;
2267:Category
2187:Zulfiqar
1549:(2006).
1401:Plutarch
1397:Augustus
1356:March 8,
1329:Augustus
1253:Servilia
1210:Claudius
1088:Claudius
977:Caligula
642:Claudius
638:Caligula
634:emperors
618:Caligula
614:Claudius
393:Antyllus
389:Athenian
305:Claudian
265:Augustus
240:Claudius
232:Caligula
220:Augustus
2197:Related
2037:Octavia
1861:Sources
1637:51.15.5
1522:Taranto
1494:48.31.3
1219:In the
958:Ignotus
802:Melania
521:Agrippa
164:Dynasty
2249:(2007)
2241:(1917)
2233:(1912)
2137:(2022)
2129:(1966)
2110:(1677)
2005:about
1850:sky.it
1705:Suet.
1691:21 May
1631:Antony
1620:50.3.2
1614:Antony
1590:Antony
1557:
1526:Antony
1505:Antony
1480:Appian
1476:Antony
1460:
1405:Antony
1399:63.1;
1372:Caesar
1269:Domina
1155:Virgil
993:Julia
629:Three
519:marry
502:Seneca
486:Virgil
464:tutela
445:Aeneid
397:Iullus
380:Fulvia
332:Cicero
317:Pompey
185:Mother
175:Father
104:Spouse
92:Burial
2118:Opera
2102:1620)
1872:(PDF)
1536:48.54
1458:S2CID
1280:Notes
1129:above
1118:above
1109:above
1020:above
1012:above
973:Gaius
916:A son
902:above
894:above
887:above
875:above
631:Roman
557:Issue
531:Death
517:Julia
456:Livia
370:By a
321:Julia
285:Italy
201:Latin
126:Issue
82:Italy
62:Italy
2183:(TV)
2181:1974
2176:1972
2164:(TV)
2162:1959
2157:1913
2152:1908
1693:2016
1555:ISBN
1511:5.76
1478:31;
1374:27.1
1358:2016
1236:Rome
1214:Nero
1187:and
1150:vita
1008:Nero
849:Nero
646:Nero
644:and
604:Nero
403:and
395:and
346:and
281:Nola
273:Atia
254:Life
244:Nero
189:Atia
78:Rome
72:Died
58:Nola
47:Born
2219:Asp
2076:'s
1828:BFI
1450:doi
1331:4.1
1157:by
1153:of
881:or
2285::
2100:c.
1848:.
1826:.
1762:.
1750:^
1734:.
1714:^
1683:.
1665:.
1490:,
1482:,
1456:.
1446:63
1444:.
1440:.
1419:,
1407:87
1403:,
1349:.
1336:^
1327:,
1276:.
1183:,
1179:,
1175:,
1014:)
896:)
640:,
636:,
595:.
342:,
246:.
218:,
209:c.
203::
84:,
80:,
64:,
60:,
51:c.
2098:(
2066:e
2059:t
2052:v
1744:.
1695:.
1669:.
1563:.
1452::
1360:.
1131:)
1120:)
1111:)
979:)
889:)
606:.
543:.
504:(
199:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
