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to create an identity based on socially conscious themes in later years. Fun rhymes, like the "Birthday Song" and "It's the Joint" rocked the airwaves. Old-school rappers are widely respected by current hip hop artists and fans, with many claiming they have contributed to the evolution of hip hop.
263:
techniques of the time and the general focus on party-related subject matter. The lyrics were usually not a very important part of old-school rap songs, but always included shoutouts to the artists native New York City borough. Rap also emphasized the fashion of the time, whether it be
Addidas,
423:: "There are two types of freestyle. There's an old-school freestyle that's basically rhymes that you've written that may not have anything to do with any subject or that goes all over the place. Then there's freestyle where you come off the top of the head". This is in contrast to the more
364:. Busy Bee Starski's defeat by the more complex raps of Kool Moe Dee meant that "no longer was an MC just a crowd-pleasing comedian with a slick tongue; he was a commentator and a storyteller". in the documentary
406:
and
Richard Scher, explored social commentary from a sci-fi perspective. A "cornerstone of early 80's beatbox afrofuturism", "Light Years Away" is characterized as "a brilliantly spare and sparse piece of
548:
269:
915:
Toop, David (2000), with electro elements being utilized in hip hop.Rap Attack 3: African Rap To Global Hip Hop. (Expanded Third
Edition) Serpent's Tail, London N4 2BT pp. 131,146
145:
and the original style of the genre. It typically refers to the music created around 1979 to 1983, as well as any hip hop that does not adhere to contemporary styles.
580:
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sound from the now infamous block parties) became the staple production technique between 1982 and 1986 (the invention of the sampler later in the 80s and
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Old-school hip-hop typically refers to music created around 1980; however, the term may also be applied to music before this with hip-hop styles. "
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281:
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Toop, David (2000). Rap Attack 3: African Rap To Global Hip Hop. (Expanded Third
Edition) Serpent's Tail, London N4 2BT pp. 146, 148, 150-151
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543:" sound). The use of extended percussion breaks led to the development of mixing and scratching techniques. Scratching was pioneered by
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solo". In old-school hip hop, Kool Moe Dee says that improvisational rapping was instead called "coming off the top of the head".
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during hip hop's old-school era was defined differently than today. Kool Moe Dee refers to this earlier definition in his book
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in 1982 was a game-changer, like "a light being switched on." The combination of electronic percussive propulsion and
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in 1975, and the technique was further developed by other prominent DJs, such as
Grandmaster Flash. One example is "
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Much of the subject matter of old-school hip-hop centers around partying and having a good time. In the book
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268:" and Kurtis Blow's "Hard Times" (both released in 1980), explored socially relevant ideas. The release of "
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Fitzpatrick, Rob, "The 101 strangest records on
Spotify: Warp 9 - It's A Beat Wave", May 14, 2014
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Neumann, Frederich (2000). "Hip hop: Origins, Characteristics and
Creative Processes".
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was also a part of the old-school hip-hop aesthetic. While discussing battle rapping,
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Kangol, Lee jeans, or the popular "Sheep dog" coats. Run, D.M. Further, Brother D's "
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The image, styles and sounds of old-school hip hop were exemplified by figures like
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was born in an era of social turmoil... in the same way that slaves used to sing
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ethic". A famous old-school hip-hop battle occurred in
December 1981, when
508:") would use a live band to do covers of the famous breaks from the 1970s
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765:"The History of Hip-Hop | Rapper Melle Mel: Delivering 'The Message'"
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394:'s rap sounded like "an orchestra being rocketed into outer space." "
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explains how party content played a big part in old-school hip hop: "
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which usually defines freestyle rap as "improvisational rap like a
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963:"The 101 strangest records on Spotify: Warp 9 - It's A Beat Wave"
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on a plantation... that's the party songs that we used to have".
663:
The New
Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English
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51:
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was an influential figure in hip-hop as a record producer for
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rhythm with accent trigger used in hip-hop musical context
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was another theme introduced into hip hop. The release of
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magazine, which became a cornerstone in hip-hop history.
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said, "a lot of my stuff stems from old school hip-hop,
832:(1). VWB - Verlag für Wissenschaft und Bildung: 51–63.
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would use few syllables per bar of music, with simple
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Old-school hip hop is noted for its relatively simple
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993:There's a God on the Mic: The True 50 Greatest MCs
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374:also credits this as creating a shift in rapping.
709:"Break Dance Electric Boogie", Sugarhill Records
259:It is characterized by the more straightforward
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551:", which was composed entirely by Flash on the
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587:is often referred to as "old-school hip hop".
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288:, making it possible for future artists like
8:
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737:https://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/d2926
649:Old school rap, the music of 1979 to 1983...
661:Victor, Terry; Dalzeill, Tom, eds. (2015).
411:hip-hop traversing inner and outer space."
1970:
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1044:"Did Pigmeat Release First Hip-Hop Song?"
810:: The Art & Science of the Hip-Hop MC
266:How We Gonna Make the Black Nation Rise?
141:) is the earliest commercially recorded
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785:"10 Important Old School Hip Hop Songs"
647:, Serpent's Tail, p. Back matter,
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282:Grandmaster Flash and The Furious Five
2775:LGBT representations in hip hop music
7:
301:Musical characteristics and themes
25:
549:Adventures on the Wheels of Steel
527:recreation of the original 1970s
488:Old-school hip hop often sampled
2793:
2792:
1033:, p. 22, 23, 201, 292, 306.
961:Fitzpatrick, Rob (14 May 2014).
479:Problems playing this file? See
452:
402:(1983), produced and written by
750:"Run-D.M.C. Is Beating the Rap"
718:Soul hit "Wild Wild West", 1988
748:Kiersh, Ed (14 October 2022).
309:techniques, compared to later
1:
2780:Feminist activism in hip hop
286:hip hop as social commentary
2770:Partner violence in hip hop
2879:
2823:20th-century music genres
2788:
2234:Bosnian and Herzegovinian
1247:Bristol underground scene
1098:
997:. Thunder's Mouth Press.
105:
27:Historical musical period
2848:African-American culture
420:There's a God on the Mic
284:, marked the arrival of
812:. Chicago Review Press.
218:The Cold Crush Brothers
2858:1970s in New York City
2843:African-American music
805:Edwards, Paul (2009).
441:
321:and a moderate tempo.
272:" in 1982, written by
162:Grand Wizzard Theodore
1948:Alternative reggaeton
1227:Universal Zulu Nation
989:Kool Moe Dee (2003).
545:Grand Wizard Theodore
440:
2713:Contemporary R&B
2522:Minneapolis/St. Paul
667:Taylor & Francis
640:Toop, David (2000),
581:Here Comes the Judge
537:Eric B. Is President
448:Roland TR-808 rhythm
1317:Chopped and screwed
1222:Five-Percent Nation
893:on 7 February 2012.
789:hiphopgoldenage.com
533:Eric B. & Rakim
182:Funky Four Plus One
158:Grandmaster Flowers
2828:History of hip hop
826:The World of Music
512:. However, after "
442:
332:Immortal Technique
313:. Artists such as
190:The Sugarhill Gang
131:Old-school hip hop
95:New York City, U.S
72:rhythm & blues
35:Old-school hip hop
18:Old-school hip-hop
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1174:Feminist activism
1031:Kool Moe Dee 2003
1004:978-1-56025-533-8
496:tracks, such as "
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425:recent definition
178:Treacherous Three
166:Grandmaster Flash
137:) (also known as
128:
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40:Stylistic origins
16:(Redirected from
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1052:. 14 April 2011.
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669:. p. 1626.
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520:(the electronic
506:Rapper's Delight
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396:Light Years Away
392:Afrika Bambaataa
362:Busy Bee Starski
280:and credited to
246:Rock Steady Crew
224:, T-Ski Valley,
210:Busy Bee Starski
170:Afrika Bambaataa
150:Disco King Mario
86:Cultural origins
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1965:Regional scenes
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1021:, p. 182.
1011:
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887:"Blow Average"
875:
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763:Gross, Terry.
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196:, Super-Wolf,
133:(also spelled
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2067:South African
2065:
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2050:Port Harcourt
2048:
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2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
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1831:Vigilante rap
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
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1801:Nuyorican rap
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1601:Fusion genres
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1354:Freestyle rap
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1338:
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1312:Chipmunk soul
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938:1-85242-627-6
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921:1-85242-627-6
918:
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876:
873:, p. 26.
872:
867:
864:
861:, p. 19.
860:
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676:9781317372523
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560:
556:
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538:
534:
530:
526:
523:
522:Roland TR-808
519:
515:
511:
510:block parties
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
484:
482:
470:
467:
464:
449:
432:
430:
426:
422:
421:
416:
415:Freestyle rap
412:
410:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:
383:
379:
375:
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369:
368:
363:
359:
355:
351:
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343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
328:
322:
320:
316:
312:
311:hip hop music
308:
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291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
230:Doug E. Fresh
227:
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199:
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187:
183:
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175:
171:
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159:
155:
151:
146:
144:
143:hip hop music
140:
136:
132:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
110:Hip hop music
108:
107:
104:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
78:
75:
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68:
65:
63:
60:
58:
55:
53:
50:
48:
45:
44:
42:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2797:
2745:Hip hop skit
2740:Drum machine
2701:Other topics
2594:
2495:Philadelphia
2469:
1938:Funk carioca
1888:Ghetto house
1746:Boomba music
1636:Hip hop soul
1549:Sample drill
1544:Jersey drill
1371:Instrumental
1231:
1047:
1038:
1026:
1019:Edwards 2009
1014:
992:
984:
972:. Retrieved
968:the Guardian
966:
956:
945:
928:
911:
903:
899:
891:the original
871:Edwards 2009
866:
859:Edwards 2009
854:
829:
825:
819:
806:
788:
779:
768:
758:
743:
714:
705:
694:
691:"Super Wolf"
685:
662:
656:
648:
645:
641:
635:
583:" (1968) by
578:
566:
559:Quincy Jones
557:
525:drum machine
518:electro-funk
487:
469:drum machine
418:
413:
404:Lotti Golden
385:
382:Afrofuturism
376:
365:
358:Kool Moe Dee
344:
325:
323:
304:
290:Public Enemy
258:
234:The Sequence
206:Kool Moe Dee
174:DJ Kool Herc
154:DJ Hollywood
147:
138:
134:
130:
129:
101:Other topics
89:Late 1970s,
29:
2765:Video vixen
2760:Synthesizer
2733:Turntablism
2718:Disc jockey
2651:New Zealand
2431:Palestinian
2326:Montenegrin
2117:Bangladeshi
2112:Azerbaijani
1851:Derivatives
1836:Zenji flava
1811:Songo-salsa
1741:Bongo flava
1621:Country rap
1509:Memphis rap
1492:Mafioso rap
1487:Gangsta rap
1462:Underground
1457:Turntablism
1381:Chicano rap
1283:Hipster hop
1278:Alternative
642:Rap Attack
622:South Bronx
617:James Brown
514:Planet Rock
387:Planet Rock
360:challenged
354:braggadocio
274:Duke Bootee
270:The Message
202:Spoonie Gee
186:Kurtis Blow
2817:Categories
2646:Australian
2625:Salvadoran
2561:West Coast
2507:Midwestern
2485:New Jersey
2475:East Coast
2321:Macedonian
2296:Portuguese
2189:Sri Lankan
2179:Philippine
2144:Indonesian
2087:Zimbabwean
2062:Senegalese
1900:Glitch hop
1893:Ghettotech
1862:Electronic
1751:Cumbia rap
1711:Trap metal
1646:Industrial
1561:Latin trap
1520:Trap music
1504:Horrorcore
1447:Snap music
1431:Religious
1398:Mumble rap
1393:Miami bass
1349:East Coast
1242:Golden age
1237:New school
1232:Old-school
1196:Production
1149:Battle rap
1132:Beatboxing
808:How to Rap
644:(3rd. ed.)
628:References
612:Soul music
553:turntables
498:Good Times
481:media help
346:Battle rap
327:How to Rap
242:Crash Crew
2708:Auto-Tune
2688:Colombian
2671:Brazilian
2610:Dominican
2566:Northwest
2527:Wisconsin
2480:Baltimore
2386:Ukrainian
2366:Slovenian
2331:Norwegian
2306:Icelandic
2301:Hungarian
2256:Bulgarian
2194:Taiwanese
2184:Singapore
2174:Pakistani
2164:Mongolian
2159:Malaysian
2072:Tanzanian
2030:Mauritian
1943:Reggaeton
1915:Freestyle
1871:Breakbeat
1736:Afroswing
1702:Rap metal
1681:Rap opera
1641:Hip house
1529:Afro trap
1482:Dirty rap
1435:Christian
1420:Conscious
1415:Political
1342:Crunkcore
1327:Cloud rap
1258:Subgenres
1186:Festivals
1009:, p. 101.
838:0043-8774
814:, p. 126.
529:breakbeat
315:Melle Mel
278:Melle Mel
238:Jazzy Jay
194:Melle Mel
139:disco-rap
135:old skool
91:The Bronx
2800:Category
2723:DJ mixer
2676:Brasília
2637:Oceanian
2600:Canadian
2539:Southern
2441:Tunisian
2426:Lebanese
2411:Egyptian
2341:Romanian
2261:Croatian
2249:Scottish
2224:Austrian
2219:Albanian
2210:European
2169:Nepalese
2149:Japanese
2107:Armenian
2077:Togolese
2057:Nigerien
2045:Nigerian
2040:Namibian
2035:Moroccan
2025:Malawian
2010:Ghanaian
2000:Botswana
1995:Beninese
1985:Algerian
1910:Illbient
1816:Scam rap
1791:Motswako
1776:Igbo rap
1727:Regional
1716:Nu metal
1691:Trip hop
1686:Rap rock
1671:Punk rap
1651:Jazz rap
1554:UK drill
1473:Hardcore
1452:Southern
1408:Chap hop
1403:Nerdcore
1305:Road rap
1290:Boom bap
1169:Feminism
1164:Activism
1125:Emceeing
1118:Graffiti
1104:Breaking
974:19 March
846:41699313
696:AllMusic
591:See also
541:boom bap
350:Esoteric
120:Toasting
77:toasting
2755:Sampler
2683:Chilean
2620:Mexican
2615:Haitian
2549:Memphis
2544:Atlanta
2517:Detroit
2512:Chicago
2446:Turkish
2421:Israeli
2416:Iranian
2376:Swedish
2371:Spanish
2356:Serbian
2351:Russian
2316:Italian
2276:Finnish
2239:British
2229:Belgian
2127:Chinese
2122:Burmese
2082:Zambian
2015:Ivorian
2005:Gambian
1990:Angolan
1976:African
1821:Stronda
1786:Low bap
1771:Hiplife
1661:Pop rap
1631:Emo rap
1626:Electro
1612:General
1586:UK trap
1364:Jerkin'
1322:Chopper
1300:British
1269:General
1215:History
1201:Theater
1159:Fashion
1142:Culture
1091:Hip hop
607:R&B
575:History
409:electro
372:KRS-One
336:hip-hop
319:rhythms
307:rapping
261:rapping
254:Run-DMC
115:Electro
2571:Alaska
2451:Yemeni
2406:Arabic
2361:Slovak
2346:Romany
2336:Polish
2286:German
2281:French
2244:Celtic
2154:Korean
2132:Indian
2020:Kenyan
1781:Kwaito
1499:G-funk
1440:Jewish
1332:Comedy
1295:Bounce
1206:Genres
1001:
936:
919:
844:
836:
673:
466:TR-808
463:Roland
400:Warp 9
398:", by
378:Sci-fi
248:, and
222:Warp 9
47:Poetry
2605:Cuban
2583:Latin
2554:Miami
2532:Omaha
2381:Swiss
2311:Irish
2291:Greek
2271:Dutch
2266:Czech
2098:Asian
1930:Other
1920:Wonky
1905:Grime
1766:Hipco
1756:Genge
1676:Ragga
1581:Tread
1571:Plugg
1566:Phonk
1534:Drill
1376:Latin
1359:Hyphy
1337:Crunk
1191:Music
1154:Dance
1111:DJing
842:JSTOR
597:Disco
500:" by
490:disco
340:songs
294:N.W.A
67:disco
2199:Thai
2137:Desi
1576:Rage
1388:Lofi
1181:LGBT
999:ISBN
976:2018
934:ISBN
917:ISBN
904:Beef
834:ISSN
671:ISBN
602:Funk
568:Vibe
535:'s "
502:Chic
494:funk
492:and
429:jazz
367:Beef
292:and
276:and
62:soul
57:funk
52:jazz
1049:XXL
770:NPR
516:",
256:.
2819::
1046:.
965:.
878:^
840:.
830:42
828:.
797:^
787:.
767:.
723:^
693:.
665:.
555:.
370:,
330:,
252:,
244:,
240:,
236:,
232:,
228:,
220:,
216:,
212:,
208:,
204:,
200:,
192:,
188:,
184:,
180:,
176:,
172:,
168:,
164:,
160:,
156:,
152:,
93:,
1082:e
1075:t
1068:v
1007:.
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