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level of vagrancy. Unlike the
English act, there was no attempt to provide work for the able-bodied poor. In practice, the strictures on begging were often disregarded in times of extreme hardship. This legislation provided the basis of what would later be known as the "Old Poor Law" in Scotland, which remained in place until reforms in 1845. In most of Scotland a Poor Rate (local property tax for the relief of the poor) was not levied before the act of 1845.
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were to be assessed by kirk session to provide the financial resources for local relief, rather than relying on voluntary contributions. The system was largely able to cope with the general level of poverty and minor crises, helping the old and infirm to survive and provide life support in periods of
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Population growth and economic dislocation from the second half of the sixteenth century led to a growing problem of vagrancy. The government reacted with three major pieces of legislation in 1575, 1579 and 1592. The kirk became a major element of the system of poor relief and justices of the peace
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and unlicensed tutors. Parish deacons, elders or other overseers were to draw up lists of deserving poor and each would be assessed. Those not belonging to the parish were to be sent back to their place of birth and might be put in the stocks or otherwise punished, probably actually increasing the
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Most subsequent legislation built on the principles of provision for the local deserving poor and punishment of mobile and undeserving "sturdie beggars". The most important later act was that of 1649, which declared that local
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passed two years earlier and limited relief to the deserving poor of the old, sick and infirm, imposing draconian punishments on a long list of "masterful beggars", including jugglers,
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were given responsibility for dealing with the issue. The 1575 act, enabled through a
Convention of the Estates, was modelled on the
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downturn at relatively low cost, but was overwhelmed in the major subsistence crisis of the 1690s.
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Parish Church, ordered to be established for beggars and other offenders from 1593
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The Old Poor Law in
Scotland: the Experience of Poverty, 1574-1845
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235:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983),
193:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2000),
172:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983),
151:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991),
149:Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470-1625
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38:system of Scotland between 1574 and 1845.
233:Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603-1745
170:Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603-1745
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133:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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214:(London: Routledge, 3rd edn., 2002),
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264:1574 establishments in Scotland
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85:Poor Law (Scotland) Act 1845
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274:Social history of Scotland
269:1845 disestablishments
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212:A History of Scotland
32:Old Scottish Poor Law
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259:Scottish Poor Laws
243:, pp. 127 and 145.
115:on 5 February 2015
80:Scottish poor laws
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60:Later development
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117:. Retrieved
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49:English act
24:Duddingston
253:Categories
241:074860233X
220:0415278805
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178:074860233X
157:0748602763
96:References
53:palmisters
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119:22 August
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129:cite web
74:See also
67:heritors
36:Poor Law
34:was the
42:Origins
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237:ISBN
216:ISBN
195:ISBN
174:ISBN
153:ISBN
135:link
121:2009
30:The
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