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313:, the postgraduate speaker at Hampton, contacted Davidson, asking her to help him develop the new Tuskegee Institute. After recovering from her illness, she joined him on August 25, 1881, as a teacher and vice principal. She threw herself into the work despite her precarious health, becoming Washington's partner in building Tuskegee. His first wife, Fannie N. Smith, died in 1884.
327:
In 1886, Olivia
Davidson Washington addressed the Alabama State Teachers' Association on the topic of "How Shall We Make the Women of Our Race Stronger?," advocating that teachers strive to reach black girls as the "hope of the race." During her time at Tuskegee, she also helped raise funds for the
340:
Washington's first son, Booker T. Washington, Jr., was born on May 29, 1887. Her second son, Ernest
Davidson Washington, was born February 6, 1889. Two days later, the Washingtons' house at Tuskegee burned down. Olivia Washington suffered exposure to the early morning cold and had likely already
223:. He worked in agriculture. Under the laws of slavery, children took the status of their mother. Olivia had at least two sisters and a brother; all were born free. When Olivia was a child, her family left western Virginia because of its discriminatory treatment of free blacks.
258:). Her sister Margaret was also a teacher here, and their brother Joseph also lived and worked in the city. Her principal instituted changes recommended by Davidson. While Olivia was in Memphis, her sister Margaret died. In 1878 their brother Joseph was murdered by the
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from 1881. In this role she also did fundraising and gave public speeches, especially about the education of black women. In 1885 she married
Washington. She was his second wife; they had two sons together and raised
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In 1870, at the age of 16, Davidson began teaching in towns in Ohio, Mississippi, and
Arkansas. In 1874, she became a sixth-grade teacher in the new Clay Street School in
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234:. Davidson continued to study at common schools. By 1870, she was living with her sister Mary and brother-in-law Noah Elliot in
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238:. Her sister, a dressmaker and milliner, relocated with her husband several times before they settled in the larger city of
273:, in Virginia. She was one of the graduation speakers on May 22, 1879. From there, she attended the State Normal School at
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Davidson returned to
Hampton to recover from a serious illness. She also began teaching a group of
281:), where she studied teaching. Davidson graduated on June 29, 1881, as one of six honor students.
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288:. The city's wealthy elite protested her appointment, and the school committee rescinded it.
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Olivia
America Davidson was born free on June 11, 1854, in Mercer County, Virginia, now
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Reproduced in
Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Thomson Gale. 2008.
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men who had been enrolled there as students after being released as
156:(June 11, 1854 – May 9, 1889) was an American teacher and educator.
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Hampton
University, State Normal School at Framingham, Massachusetts
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Dorsey, Carolyn A. "The Pre-Hampton Years of Olivia A. Davidson,"
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That year she enrolled as a senior at the
Hampton Institute, now
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from a United States fort in
Florida. They were warriors from
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After graduating with a degree in teaching, she taught in the
345:. Her health deteriorated and she died three months later of
429:, Gale, 1992. Biography In Context. Web. October 24, 2013.
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African American founding fathers of the United States
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635:Booker T. Washington State Park (West Virginia)
540:Tuskegee Institute Silver Anniversary Lecture
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199:. Olivia Washington died four years later of
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186:as a teacher and assistant principal of the
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324:, the child of Booker T.'s first marriage.
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456:http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC
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653:Booker T. Washington Memorial half dollar
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800:People from Mercer County, West Virginia
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625:Booker T. Washington National Monument
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775:Tuberculosis deaths in Massachusetts
444:Notable Black American Women, Book 1
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19:For the fictional character, see
795:African-American women educators
557:The Future of the American Negro
349:tuberculosis on May 9, 1889, at
256:Booker T. Washington High School
171:. After her family moved to the
830:People from Gallia County, Ohio
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530:National Negro Business League
518:1895 Atlanta Exposition Speech
442:"Olivia Davidson Washington,"
425:"Olivia Davidson Washington,"
351:Massachusetts General Hospital
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658:Carver-Washington half dollar
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303:who had been captured in the
815:Educators from West Virginia
785:People from Gallipolis, Ohio
427:Notable Black American Women
213:Mercer County, West Virginia
279:Framingham State University
262:, at a time of violence to
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597:Tuskegee & Its People
410:October 30, 2013, at the
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286:Worcester Public Schools
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714:Fannie Smith Washington
535:1901 White House dinner
316:On August 11, 1886, in
197:Fannie Smith Washington
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51:Olivia America Davidson
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589:Working with the Hands
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264:suppress black voting
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492:Booker T. Washington
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217:free woman of color
215:. Her mother was a
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523:Atlanta Compromise
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221:freed from slavery
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691:(1984 film)
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305:Indian Wars
80:May 9, 1889
754:Categories
672:Portrayals
390:Tuskegee,
357:References
236:Gallipolis
173:free state
108:Occupation
57:1854-06-11
347:laryngeal
330:the North
161:born free
408:Archived
169:Virginia
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111:Educator
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