972:
predators. Muskrats burrow into the bank with an underwater entrance in streams, ponds, or lakes. These entrances are 15–20 cm (6–8 in) wide. In marshes, push-ups are constructed from vegetation and mud. These push-ups are up to 90 cm (3 ft) in height. In snowy areas, they keep the openings to their push-ups closed by plugging them with vegetation, which they replace daily. Some muskrat push-ups are swept away in spring floods and must be replaced yearly. Muskrats also build feeding platforms constructed in the water from cut pieces of vegetation supported by a branch structure. They help maintain open areas in marshes, which helps to provide habitat for
1208:
955:. Muskrats were introduced to Europe in the early 20th century for fur farming. In many European countries, muskrats have become problematic, damaging flood control systems, crops, and river banks with burrowing activities. Their presence is particularly concerning in areas with delicate ecosystems, where they can outcompete or displace native species. Several European countries have implemented control measures and eradication programs to manage muskrat populations and mitigate their impact.
721:
518:
102:
510:
49:
621:
77:
1223:
712:, from April 2024, the muskrat populations have declined by at least one-half in 34 US states. The collapse was near-total, between 90 and 99 percent in a handful of states. Rhode Island's muskrat populations are estimated to be roughly 15 percent of what they were several decades ago. The decline in muskrat populations, which demands immediate attention, began in the 1990s and early 2000s.
251:
362:, and the unique tail mainly important in directional stability. Muskrats spend most of their time in the water and can swim underwater for 12 to 17 minutes. They live in families of a male and female pair and their young. They build nests to protect themselves from the cold and predators, often burrowed into the bank with an underwater entrance. Muskrats feed mostly on
964:
596:); as the animal ages, it turns partly gray. The fur has two layers, which protect it from cold water. They have long tails covered with scales rather than hair. To aid in swimming, their tails are slightly flattened vertically, a shape that is unique to them. When they walk on land, their tails drag on the ground, which makes their tracks easy to recognize.
358: lb), with a body length (excluding the tail) of 20–35 cm (8–14 in). They are covered with short, thick fur of medium to dark brown color. Their long tails, covered with scales rather than hair, are laterally compressed and generate a small amount of thrust, with their webbed hind feet being the main means of
1133:
environments, it takes about a year. Muskrat populations appear to go through a regular pattern of rise and dramatic decline spread over a six- to 10-year period. Some other rodents, including famously the muskrat's close relatives, such as the lemmings, go through the same type of population changes.
1129:(river in central Asia), muskrats constituted 12.3% of jackal feces contents, and 71% of muskrat houses were destroyed by jackals, 16% of which froze and became unsuitable for muskrat occupation. Jackals also harm the muskrat industry by eating muskrats caught in traps or taking skins left out to dry.
647:
Their populations naturally cycle; in areas where they become abundant, they can remove much of the vegetation in wetlands. They are thought to play a major role in determining the vegetation of prairie wetlands in particular. They also selectively remove preferred plant species, thereby changing the
971:
Muskrats normally live in families consisting of a male and female and their young. During the spring, they often fight with other muskrats over territory and potential mates. Many are injured or killed in these fights. Muskrat families build nests to protect themselves and their young from cold and
1179:
Muskrat fur is warm, becoming prime in northern North
America at the beginning of December. In the early 20th century, the trapping of the animal for its fur became an important industry there. During that era, the fur was specially trimmed and dyed to be sold widely in the US as "Hudson seal" fur.
979:
Muskrats are most active at night or near dawn and dusk. They feed on cattails and other aquatic vegetation. They do not store food for the winter, but sometimes eat the insides of their push-ups. While they may appear to steal food beavers have stored, more seemingly cooperative partnerships with
1132:
Muskrats, like most rodents, are prolific breeders. Females can have two or three litters a year of six to eight young each. The babies are born small and hairless and weigh only about 22 g (340 gr). In southern environments, young muskrats mature in six months, while in colder northern
1846:
Keddy, Paul A.; Gough, Laura; Nyman, J. Andy; McFalls, Tiffany; Carter, Jacoby; Siegrist, Jack (2009). "Alligator
Hunters, Pelt Traders, and Runaway Consumption of Gulf Coast Marshes: A Trophic Cascade Perspective on Coastal Wetland Losses". In Silliman, Brian R.; Grosholz, Edwin D.;
1167:
Fridays (when the eating of flesh, except for fish, is prohibited); this tradition dates back to at least the early 19th century. In 2019, it was reported that a series of muskrat dinners were held during Lent in the areas along the
611:
than those of most other mammals. They can close off their ears to keep water out. Their hind feet are webbed and are their primary means of propulsion. Their tail functions as a rudder, controlling the direction they swim.
1120:
sometimes feed on the vegetation which makes up muskrat push-ups during the winter when other food is scarce for them. In their introduced range in the former Soviet Union, the muskrat's greatest predator is the
1792:
The
Muskrat in the Louisiana Coastal Marshes: A Study of the Ecological, Geological, Biological, Tidal, and Climatic Factors Governing the Production and Management of the Muskrat Industry in Louisiana
951:(the Union list) since August 2, 2017. This implies that this species cannot be imported, bred, transported, commercialized, or intentionally released into the environment in the whole of the
1191:
on which these low-lying countries depend for protection from flooding. In those countries, it is trapped, poisoned, and hunted to attempt to keep the population down. Muskrats also eat
5358:
2032:"REGULATION (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European parliament and of the council of 22 October 2014 on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species"
2349:
1172:, with up to 900 muskrats being consumed at a single dinner. The preparation involved the removal of the musk glands and the gutting and cleaning of the carcass before the meat was
628:
Muskrats are found in most of Canada, the United States, and a small part of northern Mexico. They were introduced to Europe at the beginning of the 20th century and have become an
1141:
Native
Americans have long considered the muskrat to be an important animal. Some predict winter snowfall levels by observing the size and timing of muskrat lodge construction.
463:" odor, which the muskrat uses to mark its territory, and its flattened tail, the name became altered to musk-beaver; later it became "muskrat" due to its resemblance to rats.
632:
in northwestern Europe. They primarily inhabit wetlands, areas in or near saline and freshwater wetlands, rivers, lakes, or ponds. They are not found in
Florida, where the
679:
mines. Fish and frogs perish in such streams, yet muskrats may thrive and occupy the wetlands. Muskrats also benefit from human persecution of some of their predators.
599:
Muskrats spend most of their time in water and are well suited to their semiaquatic life. They can swim underwater for 12 to 17 minutes. Their bodies, like those of
5048:
948:
683:
5162:
5348:
1187:
In some
European countries, such as Belgium, France, and the Netherlands, the muskrat is considered an invasive pest, as its burrowing damages the dikes and
656:. Alligators are thought to be an important natural predator, and the absence of muskrats from Florida may, in part, be the result of alligator predation.
1694:
1148:, the muskrat dives to the bottom of the primordial sea to bring up the mud from which the earth is created after other animals have failed in the task.
2146:
5307:
5009:
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5320:
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1725:
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1908:
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5188:
2512:
2289:
1860:
1412:
1310:
5393:
5201:
1980:
1609:
2314:
561:), though an adult muskrat is only slightly longer. It is almost certainly the most prominent and heaviest member of the diverse family
5363:
5294:
4960:
3744:
327:
over various climates and habitats. It has crucial effects on the ecology of wetlands, and is a resource of food and fur for humans.
2177:
2109:
1822:
1670:
1495:
1457:
1013:. Muskrats follow trails they make in swamps and ponds. They continue to follow their trails under the ice when the water freezes.
1207:
659:
While much wetland habitat has been eliminated due to human activity, new muskrat habitat has been created by the construction of
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3753:
5383:
5118:
2481:
200:
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4219:
3918:
2455:
525:
An adult muskrat is about 40–70 cm (16–28 in) long, half of that length being the tail, and weighs 0.6–2 kg (
5149:
4486:
1198:
1906:
Chai, Jong-Yil; Murrell, K. Darwin; Lymbery, Alan J. (October 2005). "Fish-borne parasitic zoonoses: Status and issues".
5388:
5353:
4044:
3735:
3412:
3206:
2172:. Vol. II Part 1a, Sirenia and Carnivora (Sea Cows, Wolves and Bears). Enfield, New Hampshire: Science Publishers.
2031:
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1952:
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3535:
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1222:
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Muskrats are covered with short, thick fur, which is medium to dark brown or black, with the belly a bit lighter (
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4266:
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31:
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1702:
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3726:
3188:
2616:
1755:
Fish, Frank E. (1982). "Function of the compressed tail of surface swimming muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus)".
1556:
467:
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4353:
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2005:
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3004:
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5214:
4913:
4813:
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2322:
993:. Plant materials compose about 95% of their diets, but they also eat small animals, such as freshwater
223:
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720:
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436:
386:
2430:
1597:, est une matière liquid d'une odeur forte & désagréable. with a strong and unpleasant odour.]
1335:
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2214:
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2097:
1933:
1772:
1355:
1151:
Muskrats have sometimes been a food resource for North
Americans. In the southeastern portion of
1125:. They can be completely eradicated in shallow water bodies. During the winter of 1948–49 in the
984:
359:
317:
275:
96:
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2408:
2396:
1638:
1105:
1101:
4574:
4362:
3668:
3635:
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1613:
671:), and the muskrat remains widespread. They can live alongside streams that contain the
48:
4986:
4973:
4794:
4008:
3942:
3824:
3762:
3425:
3132:
3022:
2977:
2927:
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2734:
1957:
1885:"Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 2003 – Schedule 2 Prohibited new organisms"
1578:
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708:
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abundance of plant species in many kinds of wetlands. Species commonly eaten include
240:
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81:
1937:
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1373:
1336:"Function of the Compressed Tail of Surface Swimming Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus)"
600:
373:
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17:
1921:
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394:
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173:
1953:"The Waning Reign of the Wetland Architect We Barely Know (Hint: Not a Beaver)"
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Muskrats provide an important food resource for many other animals, including
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163:
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1794:. New Orleans, Louisiana: Louisiana Department of Wildlife & Fisheries.
1126:
1073:
1053:
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690:
554:
494:
183:
113:
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1929:
1450:
North
American Mammals: Fur-bearing Animals of the United States and Canada
963:
250:
1855:. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp. 115–133.
682:
The muskrat is classed as a "prohibited new organism" under New
Zealand's
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4900:
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4137:
3878:
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2942:
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A muskrat eating a plant, showing the long claws used for digging burrows
578:
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133:
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324:
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2564:
2546:
2534:
2315:"Muskrat love: Friday Lent delight for some OKed as fish alternative"
1726:"Late Winter on Staten Island: The Crepuscular Dance of the Muskrats"
1181:
1089:
1041:
1029:
1025:
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994:
672:
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313:
153:
143:
123:
57:
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2083:
1305:(2nd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 162.
409:" in a general sense because they are medium-sized rodents with an
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1680:
1422:
1320:
1192:
1188:
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as a fur resource and spread throughout northern Europe and Asia.
1113:
1081:
1069:
1057:
962:
719:
660:
649:
619:
604:
574:
516:
508:
482:
447:(literally "it is red", so called for its colorings), or from the
377:
5193:
2067:
1407:. Classics West. Victoria, British Columbia: TouchWood Editions.
2350:"Why Detroit's Catholics can eat muskrat on Fridays during Lent"
2299:
1832:
1799:
1505:
1405:
A Journey to the
Northern Ocean: The Adventures of Samuel Hearne
1164:
1159:
allows Catholics to consume muskrat as their Friday penance, on
1097:
1061:
1049:
1037:
1017:
1006:
998:
676:
566:
460:
398:
4939:
4836:
2494:
2061:
2059:
1244:
1242:
1117:
1065:
1021:
981:
406:
1981:"Identification of Invasive Alien Species using DNA barcodes"
1663:
Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife
1195:
and other farm and garden crops growing near water bodies.
366:
and other aquatic vegetation but also eat small animals.
1176:
for four hours with onion and garlic and finally fried.
427:, with which they share habitat and general appearance.
2479:
How Muskrat Created the World – Native American Legends
2125:
Attenborough, David (December 11, 2002). "Chisellers".
1615:
Dictionnaire raisonné universel de l'histoire naturelle
1490:. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press.
2429:. William Scully Ltd. February 9, 2005. Archived from
686:, preventing it from being imported into the country.
553: lb). That is about four times the weight of the
455:, as seen in the archaic English name for the animal,
397:, which includes 142 other species of rodents, mostly
2104:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
5256:
4845:
4802:
4793:
4748:
4698:
4689:
4661:
4652:
4624:
4600:
4591:
4517:
4429:
4332:
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4135:
4126:
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3706:
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3648:
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2874:
2833:
2783:
2651:
2642:
2588:
2579:
1853:
Human Impacts on Salt Marshes: A Global Perspective
1701:. University of Illinois Extension. Archived from
1544:
417:diet. They are not, however, members of the genus
2006:"List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern"
435:The muskrat's name probably comes from a word of
947:In Europe, the muskrat has been included in the
5359:Fauna of the Great Lakes region (North America)
949:list of invasive alien species of Union concern
684:Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996
581:in Eurasia. The muskrat is much smaller than a
1274:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T15324A22344525.en
393:). It is the largest species in the subfamily
2506:
2284:. New York: Dover Publications. p. 205.
2195:"Science for the Native Orientated Classroom"
1986:. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences
724:Distribution of subspecies in North America.
320:in parts of Europe, Asia and South America.
8:
2168:Heptner, V. G.; Naumov, N. P., eds. (1998).
1961:. Tula Foundation and Hakai Institute family
1587:(in French). Paris: L.-Ch. d'Houry. p.
1486:Nowak, Ronald M.; Paradiso, John L. (1983).
1303:Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation
1817:. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press.
1618:(in French). Lyon: Bruyset Frères. p.
4833:
4799:
4695:
4658:
4597:
4132:
3977:
3895:
3802:
3703:
2648:
2585:
2513:
2499:
2491:
1732:. College of Staten Island. Archived from
1584:Dictionnaire universel des drogues simples
589:), with which they often share a habitat.
249:
75:
47:
38:
1272:
1180:Muskrats were introduced at that time to
2278:(2012) . Vehling, Joseph Dommers (ed.).
2244:Musgrave, Philip L. (December 5, 2004).
2460:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
1481:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1293:
1291:
1238:
1203:
1201:winter hats are made from muskrat fur.
607:, are less sensitive to the buildup of
459:. Because of the association with the "
2404:
2392:
2381:
2205:(3). Arizona State University: 13–17.
2037:Official Journal of the European Union
1909:International Journal for Parasitology
1104:, and predatory land reptiles such as
473:means "musky", being the adjective of
2153:. McMaster University. Archived from
1813:van der Valk, Arnold G., ed. (1989).
1610:Valmont de Bomare, Jacques-Christophe
7:
4992:d4fc9e67-fe5d-4f0b-92a6-b81cbb42e03c
3745:Ogilvie Mountains collared lemming (
2348:Broverman, Alison (April 19, 2019).
2199:Journal of American Indian Education
1565:participating institution membership
330:Adult muskrats weigh 0.6–2 kg (
5349:IUCN Red List least concern species
2313:Lukowski, Kristin (March 8, 2007).
2281:Cookery and Dining in Imperial Rome
2246:"How the Muskrat Created the World"
1260:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
980:beavers exist, as featured in the
423:. They are not closely related to
25:
1730:Staten Island Through the Seasons
485:". The genus name comes from the
2044:(L 317): 35–55. November 4, 2014
1951:Keim, Brandon (April 23, 2024).
1699:Living with Wildlife in Illinois
1221:
1206:
100:
3754:Richardson's collared lemming (
1228:Muskrat trap in the Netherlands
405:. Muskrats are referred to as "
316:native to North America and an
4045:North American brown lemming (
1639:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
385:; its closest relative is the
1:
3919:Przewalski's steppe lemming (
2193:Smith, Murray R. (May 1982).
2068:"Observations on the Muskrat"
1695:"Wildlife Directory: Muskrat"
1488:Walker's Mammals of the World
1340:American Journal of Mammalogy
1199:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
5369:Rodents of the United States
4487:Imaizumi's red-backed vole (
4166:White-tailed mountain vole (
2521:Extant species of subfamily
1922:10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.07.013
702:Decline in the United States
675:water that drains away from
577:native to the Americas, and
5394:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
4736:California red tree mouse (
4460:Tien Shan red-backed vole (
4267:Lake Baikal mountain vole (
3772:Unalaska collared lemming (
3736:Nelson's collared lemming (
3718:Northern collared lemming (
3413:Schelkovnikov's pine vole (
3207:Liechtenstein's pine vole (
2170:Mammals of the Soviet Union
1452:. New York: Galahad Books.
1379:Online Etymology Dictionary
1144:In several Native American
706:According to an article in
5415:
4557:Hokkaido red-backed vole (
4539:Japanese red-backed vole (
4496:Northern red-backed vole (
4469:Southern red-backed Vole (
4220:Stolička's mountain vole (
4184:Gobi Altai mountain vole (
3843:Transcaucasian mole vole (
1524:Merriam-Webster Dictionary
698:can also infect muskrats.
29:
5364:Mammals described in 1766
4451:Western red-backed vole (
3727:Ungava collared lemming (
3536:Forrest's mountain vole (
3189:Mediterranean pine vole (
2617:Southwestern water vole (
2529:
2423:"RCMP Muskrat Winter Cap"
1887:. New Zealand Legislation
1815:Northern Prairie Wetlands
1552:Oxford English Dictionary
281:
274:
257:
248:
229:
222:
97:Scientific classification
95:
73:
64:
55:
46:
41:
4417:Ward's red-backed vole (
4390:Yunnan red-backed vole (
4354:Kachin red-backed vole (
4036:Siberian brown lemming (
4027:Wrangel Island lemming (
3596:Duke of Bedford's vole (
2484:January 4, 2006, at the
2066:Butler, Amos W. (1885).
1593:Zibethum , en français,
636:, or Florida water rat (
616:Distribution and ecology
323:The muskrat is found in
32:Muskrat (disambiguation)
4814:Long-clawed mole vole (
4211:Mongolian silver vole (
4202:Royle's mountain vole (
3910:Yellow steppe lemming (
2072:The American Naturalist
1646:(subscription required)
1557:Oxford University Press
1108:prey on baby muskrats.
4777:Eastern heather vole (
4768:Western heather vole (
4612:Round-tailed muskrat (
4566:Grey red-backed vole (
4372:Southwest China vole (
4193:Central Kashmir vole (
4175:Silver mountain vole (
4110:Southern bog lemming (
4101:Northern bog lemming (
3563:Sikkim mountain vole (
3554:Linzhi mountain vole (
3216:Lusitanian pine vole (
1665:. New York: DK Adult.
968:
869:
625:
522:
514:
5384:Mammals of the Arctic
5215:Paleobiology Database
3180:Daghestan pine vole (
2843:(Voles from Pakistan)
2803:Caucasian snow vole (
2744:Japanese grass vole (
2608:European water vole (
2323:Catholic News Service
2012:. European Commission
1724:Lavender, Catherine.
1267:: e.T15324A22344525.
1096:, large fish such as
987:wildlife documentary
966:
723:
623:
565:, which includes all
520:
512:
489:word for the animal,
258:Range of the Muskrat
4987:Fauna Europaea (new)
3852:Northern mole vole (
3834:Southern mole vole (
3627:Narrow-headed vole (
3545:Chinese scrub vole (
3261:Thomas's pine vole (
3171:Calabria pine vole (
3162:Bavarian pine vole (
3095:European pine vole (
3077:Schidlovsky's vole (
2821:Robert's snow vole (
2812:European snow vole (
2726:Middendorff's vole (
2626:Montane water vole (
2456:"Ondatra zibethicus"
2256:on November 30, 2007
1916:(11–12): 1233–1254.
1790:O'Neil, Ted (1949).
1757:Journal of Mammalogy
1249:Cassola, F. (2016).
695:Metorchis conjunctus
634:round-tailed muskrat
387:round-tailed muskrat
309:) is a medium-sized
56:Muskrat swimming in
30:For other uses, see
5389:Semiaquatic mammals
5354:Arctic land animals
4718:White-footed vole (
4381:Père David's vole (
4018:Beringian lemming (
3495:Zempoaltépec vole (
3373:Jalapan pine vole (
3225:Major's pine vole (
3191:M. duodecimcostatus
3104:Transcaspian vole (
2717:Maximowicz's vole (
2128:The Life of Mammals
2102:The Life of Mammals
2098:Attenborough, David
1736:on February 4, 2012
1555:(Online ed.).
1334:Fish, F.E. (1982).
990:The Life of Mammals
943:Invasiveness status
875:has 16 subspecies:
287:Linnaeus, 1766
67:Conservation status
5399:Voles and lemmings
4891:ondatra-zibethicus
4877:Ondatra zibethicus
4847:Ondatra zibethicus
4816:P. schaposchnikowi
4673:Balkan snow vole (
4287:Flat-headed vole (
4258:Large-eared vole (
4229:Tuva silver vole (
3861:Zaisan mole vole (
3459:Long-tailed vole (
3290:Gray-tailed vole (
3243:Savi's pine vole (
3234:Alpine pine vole (
3005:Doğramaci's vole (
2474:Everything Muskrat
2157:on April 22, 2007.
1642:. Merriam-Webster.
1253:Ondatra zibethicus
985:David Attenborough
969:
873:Ondatra zibethicus
870:
626:
523:
515:
370:Ondatra zibethicus
318:introduced species
306:Ondatra zibethicus
233:Ondatra zibethicus
215:O. zibethicus
18:Ondatra zibethicus
5379:Rodents of Mexico
5374:Rodents of Canada
5336:
5335:
5258:Castor zibethicus
4839:Taxon identifiers
4830:
4829:
4826:
4825:
4789:
4788:
4761:
4711:
4685:
4684:
4648:
4647:
4587:
4586:
4532:
4527:(other Red-backed
4444:
4408:Yulungshan vole (
4347:
4150:
4122:
4121:
4094:
3993:
3974:
3955:
3954:
3892:
3873:
3872:
3818:
3799:
3784:
3783:
3700:
3681:
3680:
3606:P. liangshanensis
3529:
3441:California vole (
3415:M. schelkovnikovi
3346:Guatemalan vole (
3326:Townsend's vole (
3319:M. pennsylvanicus
3252:Tatra pine vole (
3209:M. liechtensteini
2953:
2846:
2796:
2708:Lacustrine vole (
2638:
2637:
2601:
2403:Missing or empty
2391:Missing or empty
2329:on March 26, 2013
2291:978-0-486-15649-1
2078:(11): 1044–1055.
1862:978-0-520-25892-1
1849:Bertness, Mark D.
1563:(Subscription or
1414:978-1-894898-60-7
1312:978-0-521-73967-2
1155:, a longstanding
909:O.z. osoyoosensis
889:O.z. cinnamominus
654:yellow water lily
587:Castor canadensis
559:Rattus norvegicus
413:lifestyle and an
293:
292:
288:
284:Castor zibethicus
204:
90:
27:Species of rodent
16:(Redirected from
5406:
5329:
5328:
5316:
5315:
5303:
5302:
5290:
5289:
5277:
5276:
5275:
5249:
5248:
5236:
5235:
5223:
5222:
5210:
5209:
5197:
5196:
5184:
5183:
5171:
5170:
5158:
5157:
5155:NBNSYS0000040193
5145:
5144:
5132:
5131:
5122:
5121:
5109:
5108:
5096:
5095:
5083:
5082:
5070:
5069:
5057:
5056:
5044:
5043:
5031:
5030:
5018:
5017:
5005:
5004:
4995:
4994:
4982:
4981:
4969:
4968:
4956:
4955:
4943:
4942:
4930:
4929:
4917:
4916:
4904:
4903:
4894:
4893:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4834:
4800:
4760:
4759:
4755:
4710:
4709:
4705:
4696:
4691:Pliophenacomyini
4659:
4598:
4531:
4530:
4524:
4443:
4442:
4439:(some Red-backed
4436:
4346:
4345:
4339:
4149:
4148:
4142:
4133:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4047:L. trimucronatus
4009:Norway lemming (
3992:
3991:
3987:
3978:
3973:
3972:
3964:
3943:Steppe lemming (
3896:
3891:
3890:
3882:
3836:E. fuscocapillus
3825:Alai mole vole (
3817:
3816:
3812:
3803:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3763:Arctic lemming (
3720:D. groenlandicus
3704:
3699:
3698:
3690:
3528:
3527:
3526:(Mountain voles)
3523:
3506:M. xanthognathus
3452:M. chrotorrhinus
3355:Tarabundí vole (
3348:M. guatemalensis
3182:M. daghestanicus
3133:Bucharian vole (
3106:M. transcaspicus
3023:Tien Shan vole (
3014:Günther's vole (
2996:Cabrera's vole (
2978:Anatolian vole (
2952:
2951:
2947:
2928:Sagebrush vole (
2845:
2844:
2840:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2773:M. sachalinensis
2735:Mongolian vole (
2649:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2586:
2559:Euarchontoglires
2515:
2508:
2501:
2492:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2427:williamscully.ca
2419:
2413:
2412:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2389:
2387:
2379:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2325:. Archived from
2310:
2304:
2303:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2252:. Archived from
2241:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2225:on June 16, 2010
2221:. Archived from
2190:
2184:
2183:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2151:Hamilton Harbour
2143:
2137:
2136:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2063:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1985:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1560:
1548:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1483:
1464:
1463:
1442:
1427:
1426:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1295:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1276:
1246:
1225:
1210:
1137:In human history
1086:snapping turtles
905:O.z. occipitalis
863:
854:
845:
836:
827:
821:O.z.osoyoosensis
818:
809:
800:
791:
782:
773:
767:O.z.cinnamominus
764:
755:
746:
737:
728:
667:channels (e.g.,
642:ecological niche
630:invasive species
552:
551:
547:
544:
538:
537:
533:
530:
513:Muskrat skeleton
357:
356:
352:
349:
343:
342:
338:
335:
286:
269: Introduced
268:
262:
253:
235:
199:
105:
104:
84:
79:
78:
51:
39:
21:
5414:
5413:
5409:
5408:
5407:
5405:
5404:
5403:
5339:
5338:
5337:
5332:
5324:
5319:
5311:
5306:
5298:
5293:
5285:
5280:
5271:
5270:
5265:
5252:
5244:
5239:
5231:
5226:
5218:
5213:
5205:
5200:
5192:
5187:
5179:
5176:Observation.org
5174:
5166:
5161:
5153:
5148:
5140:
5135:
5127:
5125:
5117:
5112:
5104:
5099:
5091:
5086:
5078:
5073:
5065:
5060:
5052:
5047:
5039:
5034:
5026:
5021:
5013:
5008:
5000:
4998:
4990:
4985:
4977:
4972:
4964:
4959:
4951:
4946:
4938:
4933:
4925:
4920:
4912:
4907:
4899:
4897:
4889:
4884:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4841:
4831:
4822:
4785:
4758:(Heather voles)
4757:
4756:
4754:
4744:
4727:Red tree vole (
4707:
4706:
4704:
4681:
4644:
4620:
4583:
4528:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4513:
4453:C. californicus
4440:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4425:
4399:Chaotung vole (
4383:E. melanogaster
4343:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4328:
4295:
4222:A. stoliczkanus
4146:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4128:Clethrionomyini
4118:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4077:
4071:M. schisticolor
4053:
3990:(True lemmings)
3989:
3988:
3986:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3951:
3927:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3869:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3780:
3774:D. unalascensis
3747:D. nunatakensis
3692:
3691:
3689:
3687:Dicrostonychini
3677:
3660:Szechuan vole (
3644:
3611:
3580:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3512:
3443:M. californicus
3364:Woodland Vole (
3308:Creeping vole (
3198:Felten's vole (
3173:M. brachycercus
3097:M. subterraneus
3079:M. schidlovskii
3050:Southern vole (
2949:
2948:
2946:
2936:
2912:
2904:Mandarin vole (
2886:Brandt's vole (
2870:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2829:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2779:
2771:Sakhalin vole (
2728:M. middendorffi
2719:M. maximowiczii
2663:Clarke's vole (
2634:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2575:
2525:
2519:
2486:Wayback Machine
2464:
2462:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2436:
2434:
2433:on June 5, 2015
2421:
2420:
2416:
2402:
2390:
2380:
2378:(Podcast). NPR.
2370:
2369:
2365:
2355:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2319:Catholic Online
2312:
2311:
2307:
2292:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2259:
2257:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2228:
2226:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2112:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2015:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1888:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1863:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1825:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1769:10.2307/1380263
1754:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1708:
1706:
1705:on May 18, 2011
1693:
1692:
1688:
1673:
1661:, eds. (2005).
1657:Burnie, David;
1656:
1655:
1651:
1645:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1579:Lemery, Nicolas
1577:
1576:
1572:
1562:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1528:
1526:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1498:
1485:
1484:
1467:
1460:
1446:Caras, Roger A.
1444:
1443:
1430:
1415:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1384:
1382:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1352:10.2307/1380263
1333:
1332:
1328:
1313:
1297:
1296:
1289:
1279:
1277:
1248:
1247:
1240:
1236:
1229:
1226:
1217:
1211:
1139:
1106:monitor lizards
1102:largemouth bass
967:A muskrat house
961:
945:
937:O.z. zibethicus
929:O.z. spatulatus
868:
861:
859:
852:
850:
843:
841:
834:
832:
825:
823:
816:
814:
812:O.z.occipitalis
807:
805:
798:
796:
789:
787:
780:
778:
771:
769:
762:
760:
753:
751:
744:
742:
735:
733:
726:
718:
704:
640:), fills their
638:Neofiber alleni
618:
549:
545:
542:
540:
535:
531:
528:
526:
507:
466:Similarly, its
433:
391:Neofiber alleni
376:species in the
354:
350:
347:
345:
340:
336:
333:
331:
270:
266:
264:
260:
244:
237:
231:
218:
198:
99:
91:
80:
76:
69:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5412:
5410:
5402:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5341:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5317:
5304:
5291:
5278:
5262:
5260:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5250:
5237:
5224:
5211:
5198:
5185:
5172:
5159:
5146:
5133:
5123:
5110:
5097:
5084:
5071:
5058:
5045:
5032:
5019:
5006:
4996:
4983:
4974:Fauna Europaea
4970:
4957:
4944:
4931:
4918:
4905:
4895:
4882:
4867:
4851:
4849:
4843:
4842:
4837:
4828:
4827:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4810:
4808:
4797:
4795:Prometheomyini
4791:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4774:
4770:P. intermedius
4764:
4762:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4742:
4733:
4729:A. longicaudus
4724:
4714:
4712:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4669:
4667:
4656:
4650:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4632:
4630:
4622:
4621:
4619:
4618:
4608:
4606:
4595:
4589:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4575:Smith's vole (
4572:
4563:
4554:
4545:
4535:
4533:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4511:
4505:Shansei vole (
4502:
4493:
4484:
4475:
4466:
4457:
4447:
4445:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4423:
4414:
4405:
4396:
4387:
4378:
4369:
4363:Pratt's vole (
4360:
4350:
4348:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4317:
4307:
4305:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4293:
4274:
4273:
4269:A. olchonensis
4264:
4255:
4249:Lemming vole (
4236:
4235:
4226:
4217:
4208:
4199:
4190:
4181:
4172:
4153:
4151:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4107:
4097:
4095:
4091:(Bog lemmings)
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4069:Wood lemming (
4065:
4063:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4042:
4033:
4024:
4015:
4006:
4000:Amur lemming (
3996:
3994:
3975:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3939:
3937:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3921:E. przewalskii
3916:
3906:
3904:
3893:
3875:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3858:
3849:
3840:
3831:
3821:
3819:
3800:
3786:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3769:
3760:
3756:D. richardsoni
3751:
3742:
3733:
3724:
3714:
3712:
3701:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3669:Marie's vole (
3666:
3656:
3654:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3636:Radde's vole (
3633:
3623:
3621:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3602:
3592:
3590:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3572:Blyth's vole (
3569:
3560:
3556:N. linzhiensis
3551:
3542:
3532:
3530:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3510:
3501:
3492:
3488:M. richardsoni
3483:
3477:Singing vole (
3474:
3468:Mexican vole (
3465:
3461:M. longicaudus
3456:
3447:
3438:
3434:M. abbreviatus
3432:Insular vole (
3426:incertae sedis
3420:
3419:
3400:
3399:
3395:M. ochrogaster
3393:Prairie vole (
3380:
3379:
3370:
3361:
3352:
3333:
3332:
3323:
3314:
3305:
3299:Montane vole (
3296:
3287:
3268:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3240:
3231:
3222:
3218:M. lusitanicus
3213:
3204:
3195:
3186:
3177:
3168:
3149:
3148:
3142:Juniper vole (
3139:
3130:
3111:
3110:
3101:
3092:
3083:
3074:
3070:M. qazvinensis
3065:
3059:Paradox vole (
3056:
3047:
3043:M. kermanensis
3038:
3032:Persian vole (
3029:
3020:
3011:
3002:
2993:
2984:
2975:
2956:
2954:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2924:
2922:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2901:
2895:Plateau vole (
2892:
2882:
2880:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2859:
2849:
2847:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2818:
2809:
2799:
2797:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2768:
2759:
2750:
2741:
2732:
2723:
2714:
2710:M. limnophilus
2705:
2696:
2690:Gerbe's vole (
2687:
2678:
2674:M. evoronensis
2669:
2659:
2657:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2623:
2614:
2604:
2602:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2567:
2561:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2537:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2476:
2471:
2450:
2449:External links
2447:
2445:
2444:
2414:
2363:
2340:
2305:
2290:
2267:
2236:
2185:
2178:
2160:
2138:
2117:
2110:
2089:
2084:10.1086/274091
2055:
2023:
1997:
1972:
1958:Hakai Magazine
1943:
1898:
1876:
1861:
1838:
1823:
1805:
1782:
1763:(4): 591–597.
1747:
1716:
1686:
1671:
1659:Wilson, Don E.
1649:
1625:
1601:
1570:
1536:
1511:
1496:
1465:
1458:
1428:
1413:
1401:Hearne, Samuel
1392:
1365:
1346:(4): 591–597.
1326:
1311:
1299:Keddy, Paul A.
1287:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1220:
1218:
1212:
1205:
1146:creation myths
1138:
1135:
960:
957:
953:European Union
944:
941:
921:O.z. rivalicus
860:
857:O.z.spatulatus
851:
842:
833:
824:
815:
806:
797:
788:
779:
770:
761:
752:
749:O.z.aquilonius
743:
734:
731:O.z.zibethicus
725:
717:
714:
709:Hakai Magazine
703:
700:
617:
614:
609:carbon dioxide
506:
503:
493:, and entered
432:
429:
301:common muskrat
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4892:
4887:
4883:
4878:
4872:
4868:
4863:
4857:
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4852:
4850:
4848:
4844:
4840:
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4819:
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4812:
4811:
4809:
4807:
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4688:
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4671:
4670:
4668:
4666:
4665:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4651:
4641:
4639:
4638:O. zibethicus
4634:
4633:
4631:
4629:
4628:
4623:
4617:
4615:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4599:
4596:
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4590:
4580:
4578:
4573:
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4476:
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4472:
4467:
4465:
4463:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4434:
4433:
4432:Clethrionomys
4428:
4422:
4420:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4397:
4395:
4393:
4388:
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4379:
4377:
4375:
4370:
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4331:
4325:
4323:
4318:
4316:
4314:
4309:
4308:
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4303:
4298:
4292:
4290:
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4207:
4205:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4191:
4189:
4187:
4182:
4180:
4178:
4177:A. argentatus
4173:
4171:
4169:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4147:Central Asia)
4140:
4139:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4115:
4113:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4099:
4098:
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4072:
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4034:
4032:
4030:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4016:
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4012:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3985:
3984:
3979:
3976:
3970:
3962:
3958:
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3940:
3938:
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3935:
3930:
3924:
3922:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3894:
3888:
3880:
3876:
3866:
3864:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3810:
3809:
3804:
3801:
3791:
3787:
3777:
3775:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3734:
3732:
3730:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3702:
3696:
3688:
3684:
3674:
3672:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3641:
3639:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3577:
3575:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3565:N. sikimensis
3561:
3559:
3557:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3509:
3507:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3466:
3464:
3462:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3448:
3446:
3444:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3402:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3382:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3357:M. oaxacensis
3353:
3351:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3328:M. townsendii
3324:
3322:
3320:
3317:Meadow vole (
3315:
3313:
3311:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3292:M. canicaudus
3288:
3286:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3135:B. bucharicus
3131:
3129:
3127:
3124:Afghan vole (
3121:
3120:
3119:
3113:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3086:Social vole (
3084:
3082:
3080:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3068:Qazvin vole (
3066:
3064:
3062:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3041:Kerman vole (
3039:
3037:
3035:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3021:
3019:
3017:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3007:M. dogramacii
3003:
3001:
2999:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2987:Common vole (
2985:
2983:
2981:
2980:M. anatolicus
2976:
2974:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2933:
2931:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2906:L. mandarinus
2902:
2900:
2898:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2862:Murree vole (
2860:
2858:
2856:
2853:True's vole (
2851:
2850:
2848:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2826:
2824:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2774:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2762:Tundra vole (
2760:
2758:
2756:
2755:M. mujanensis
2751:
2749:
2747:
2746:M. montebelli
2742:
2740:
2738:
2737:M. mongolicus
2733:
2731:
2729:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2699:Taiwan vole (
2697:
2695:
2693:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2672:Evorsk vole (
2670:
2668:
2666:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2631:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2598:(Water voles)
2593:
2592:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2560:
2556:
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2306:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2255:
2251:
2250:Muskrat's Den
2247:
2240:
2237:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2189:
2186:
2181:
2179:1-886106-81-9
2175:
2171:
2164:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2147:"The Muskrat"
2142:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2121:
2118:
2113:
2111:0-691-11324-6
2107:
2103:
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2077:
2073:
2069:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2048:September 25,
2043:
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2011:
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2001:
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1824:0-8138-0037-4
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1497:0-8018-2525-3
1493:
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1470:
1466:
1461:
1459:0-88365-072-X
1455:
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1385:September 25,
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1196:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1170:Detroit River
1166:
1162:
1161:Ash Wednesday
1158:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1123:golden jackal
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
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1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
991:
986:
983:
977:
975:
974:aquatic birds
965:
958:
956:
954:
950:
942:
940:
938:
934:
933:O.z. zalaphus
930:
926:
925:O.z. roidmani
922:
918:
914:
913:O.z. pallidus
910:
906:
902:
901:O.z. obscurus
898:
894:
893:O.z. macrodom
890:
886:
882:
881:O.z. aquihnis
878:
874:
867:
858:
849:
848:O.z.rivalicus
840:
831:
822:
813:
804:
795:
786:
777:
768:
759:
750:
741:
732:
722:
715:
713:
711:
710:
701:
699:
697:
696:
692:
687:
685:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
657:
655:
651:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
622:
615:
613:
610:
606:
602:
597:
595:
594:countershaded
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
521:Muskrat skull
519:
511:
504:
502:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
469:
468:specific name
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
430:
428:
426:
422:
421:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
365:
361:
328:
326:
321:
319:
315:
312:
308:
307:
302:
298:
289:
285:
280:
277:
273:
256:
252:
247:
242:
236:
234:
228:
225:
224:Binomial name
221:
217:
216:
211:
208:
207:
202:
197:
196:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
103:
98:
94:
88:
83:
82:Least Concern
72:
68:
63:
59:
54:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5257:
4846:
4815:
4805:Prometheomys
4803:
4778:
4769:
4749:
4737:
4728:
4719:
4708:(Tree voles)
4699:
4675:D. bogdanovi
4674:
4662:
4637:
4635:
4626:
4625:
4613:
4601:
4576:
4568:C. rufocanus
4567:
4558:
4549:
4548:Royal vole (
4541:C. andersoni
4540:
4518:
4507:C. shanseius
4506:
4497:
4489:C. imaizumii
4488:
4480:C. glareolus
4479:
4470:
4462:C. centralis
4461:
4452:
4430:
4418:
4409:
4400:
4391:
4382:
4373:
4365:E. chinensis
4364:
4355:
4333:
4321:
4320:Kolan vole (
4312:
4311:Ganzu vole (
4300:
4289:A. strelzowi
4288:
4281:Platycranius
4279:
4277:
4268:
4259:
4250:
4241:
4239:
4231:A. tuvinicus
4230:
4221:
4213:A. semicanus
4212:
4203:
4194:
4186:A. barakshin
4185:
4176:
4168:A. albicauda
4167:
4158:
4156:
4136:
4111:
4102:
4082:
4070:
4058:
4046:
4038:L. sibiricus
4037:
4028:
4019:
4010:
4002:L. amurensis
4001:
3981:
3944:
3932:
3920:
3911:
3899:
3862:
3853:
3845:E. lutescens
3844:
3835:
3826:
3815:(Mole voles)
3806:
3796:(mole voles)
3773:
3765:D. torquatus
3764:
3755:
3746:
3737:
3729:D. hudsonius
3728:
3719:
3707:
3670:
3662:V. millicens
3661:
3649:
3637:
3628:
3618:Stenocranius
3616:
3604:
3597:
3585:
3573:
3564:
3555:
3546:
3537:
3517:
3505:
3504:Taiga vole (
3496:
3487:
3486:Water vole (
3478:
3470:M. mexicanus
3469:
3460:
3451:
3442:
3433:
3424:
3423:
3414:
3405:
3403:
3394:
3385:
3383:
3375:M. quasiater
3374:
3366:M. pinetorum
3365:
3356:
3347:
3338:
3336:
3327:
3318:
3309:
3300:
3291:
3282:
3281:Beach Vole (
3273:
3271:
3262:
3253:
3244:
3236:M. multiplex
3235:
3226:
3217:
3208:
3199:
3190:
3181:
3172:
3164:M. bavaricus
3163:
3154:
3152:
3144:B. juldaschi
3143:
3134:
3125:
3118:Blanfordimys
3116:
3114:
3105:
3096:
3087:
3078:
3069:
3061:M. paradoxus
3060:
3051:
3042:
3033:
3024:
3016:M. guentheri
3015:
3006:
2997:
2988:
2979:
2970:
2969:Field vole (
2961:
2959:
2941:
2929:
2917:
2905:
2896:
2887:
2877:Lasiopodomys
2875:
2863:
2854:
2834:
2822:
2813:
2804:
2793:(Snow voles)
2784:
2772:
2764:M. oeconomus
2763:
2754:
2753:Muisk vole (
2745:
2736:
2727:
2718:
2709:
2700:
2691:
2682:
2673:
2664:
2654:Alexandromys
2652:
2627:
2618:
2610:A. amphibius
2609:
2589:
2557:Superorder:
2551:Infraclass:
2463:. Retrieved
2435:. Retrieved
2431:the original
2426:
2417:
2393:|title=
2384:cite podcast
2375:
2372:Ciardi, John
2366:
2354:. Retrieved
2343:
2331:. Retrieved
2327:the original
2318:
2308:
2280:
2270:
2260:November 11,
2258:. Retrieved
2254:the original
2249:
2239:
2227:. Retrieved
2223:the original
2202:
2198:
2188:
2169:
2163:
2155:the original
2150:
2141:
2126:
2120:
2101:
2092:
2075:
2071:
2046:. Retrieved
2041:
2035:
2026:
2014:. Retrieved
2010:ec.europa.eu
2009:
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1975:
1963:. Retrieved
1956:
1946:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1889:. Retrieved
1879:
1852:
1841:
1814:
1808:
1791:
1785:
1760:
1756:
1750:
1740:December 20,
1738:. Retrieved
1734:the original
1729:
1719:
1709:December 20,
1707:. Retrieved
1703:the original
1698:
1689:
1662:
1652:
1637:
1628:
1614:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1583:
1573:
1550:
1539:
1527:. Retrieved
1523:
1514:
1487:
1449:
1404:
1395:
1383:. Retrieved
1377:
1368:
1343:
1339:
1329:
1302:
1280:November 19,
1278:. Retrieved
1264:
1258:
1252:
1197:
1186:
1178:
1157:dispensation
1150:
1143:
1140:
1131:
1015:
1009:, and small
988:
978:
970:
946:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
917:O.z.ripensis
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
897:O.z. mergens
896:
892:
888:
885:O.z. bemardi
884:
880:
876:
872:
871:
866:O.z.zalophus
865:
856:
847:
839:O.z.ripensis
838:
830:O.z.pallidus
829:
820:
811:
803:O.z.obscurus
802:
793:
785:O.z.macrodon
784:
776:O.z.goldmani
775:
766:
758:O.z.bernardi
757:
748:
739:
730:
707:
705:
693:
688:
681:
658:
646:
637:
627:
598:
591:
586:
558:
524:
501:via French.
498:
490:
474:
470:
465:
456:
452:
451:native word
444:
434:
418:
390:
381:
380:
372:is the only
369:
368:
329:
322:
305:
304:
300:
296:
294:
283:
282:
263: Native
232:
230:
214:
213:
194:
193:
36:
5137:NatureServe
5036:iNaturalist
4871:Wikispecies
4478:Bank vole (
4410:E. proditor
4356:E. cachinus
4342:(Voles from
4260:A. macrotis
4251:A. lemminus
4145:(Voles from
4103:S. borealis
4020:L. nigripes
3854:E. talpinus
3790:Ellobiusini
3709:Dicrostonyx
3629:S. gregalis
3598:P. bedfordi
3574:N. leucurus
3538:N. forresti
3497:M. umbrosus
3450:Rock vole (
3407:Hyrcanicola
3301:M. montanus
3254:M. tatricus
3126:B. afghanus
3088:M. socialis
2998:M. cabrerae
2971:M. agrestis
2930:L. curtatus
2888:L. brandtii
2855:H. fertilis
2836:Hyperacrius
2701:M. kikuchii
2681:Reed vole (
2628:A. scherman
2523:Arvicolinae
2352:. CBC Radio
1990:January 23,
1891:January 26,
1644:Unabridged
1078:bull sharks
794:O.z.mergens
573:, and most
505:Description
395:Arvicolinae
311:semiaquatic
174:Arvicolinae
170:Subfamily:
5343:Categories
5273:Q109647110
4751:Phenacomys
4720:A. albipes
4577:C. smithii
4550:C. regulus
4498:C. rutilus
4471:C. gapperi
4392:E. miletus
4344:East Asia)
4335:Eothenomys
4243:Aschizomys
4195:A. montosa
4112:S. cooperi
4084:Synaptomys
3945:L. lagurus
3863:E. tancrei
3827:E. alaicus
3738:D. nelsoni
3693:(Collared
3671:V. musseri
3587:Proedromys
3310:M. oregoni
3283:M. breweri
3263:M. thomasi
3200:M. felteni
2989:M. arvalis
2823:C. roberti
2814:C. nivalis
2665:M. clarkei
2619:A. sapidus
2581:Arvicolini
2571:Cricetidae
2405:|url=
2229:January 8,
1871:2008048366
1681:2006272650
1567:required.)
1529:October 2,
1423:2007931913
1321:2010009142
1234:References
1074:alligators
1054:wolverines
877:O.z. albus
716:Subspecies
665:irrigation
563:Cricetidae
479:civet musk
471:zibethicus
443:) origin,
439:(possibly
437:Algonquian
415:omnivorous
360:propulsion
164:Cricetidae
4779:P. ungava
4701:Arborimus
4664:Dinaromys
4654:Pliomyini
4636:Muskrat (
4614:N. alleni
4593:Ondatrini
4520:Craseomys
4401:E. olitor
4374:E. custos
4278:Subgenus
4240:Subgenus
4204:A. roylei
4157:Subgenus
4029:L. paulus
4011:L. lemmus
3912:E. luteus
3901:Eolagurus
3638:S. raddei
3479:M. miurus
3404:Subgenus
3384:Subgenus
3337:Subgenus
3272:Subgenus
3227:M. majori
3156:Terricola
3153:Subgenus
3115:Subgenus
3025:M. ilaeus
2960:Subgenus
2919:Lemmiscus
2897:L. fuscus
2864:H. wynnei
2786:Chionomys
2692:M. gerbei
2683:M. fortis
2644:Microtini
2533:Kingdom:
2465:March 23,
2333:March 31,
2219:151033740
1965:April 24,
1634:"Ondatra"
1520:"Muskrat"
1374:"muskrat"
1174:parboiled
1163:, and on
1127:Amu Darya
1094:bullfrogs
740:O.z.albus
691:trematode
673:sulfurous
555:brown rat
495:Neo-Latin
445:muscascus
431:Etymology
411:adaptable
209:Species:
184:Ondatrini
120:Kingdom:
114:Eukaryota
60:, Canada
5267:Wikidata
5142:2.103944
5119:13000330
5054:10200551
4898:BioLib:
4856:Wikidata
4603:Neofiber
4419:E. wardi
4302:Caryomys
4160:Alticola
4138:Alticola
3969:Lemmings
3887:lemmings
3885:(Steppe
3879:Lagurini
3808:Ellobius
3695:lemmings
3547:N. irene
3245:M. savii
3052:M. levis
3034:M. irani
2963:Microtus
2943:Microtus
2591:Arvicola
2569:Family:
2565:Rodentia
2553:Eutheria
2547:Mammalia
2541:Chordata
2539:Phylum:
2535:Animalia
2482:Archived
2376:On Words
2374:(1983).
2356:March 7,
2300:77089410
2211:24397307
2100:(2002).
2016:July 27,
1938:39281434
1930:16143336
1851:(eds.).
1833:88009266
1800:50063347
1612:(1791).
1581:(1759).
1506:82049056
1448:(1967).
1403:(2007).
1301:(2010).
1215:fur coat
1213:Muskrat
1153:Michigan
1064:, large
1046:raccoons
1003:crayfish
959:Behavior
669:acequias
579:hamsters
571:lemmings
491:ondathra
475:zibethus
457:musquash
441:Powhatan
403:lemmings
325:wetlands
276:Synonyms
241:Linnaeus
160:Family:
154:Rodentia
144:Mammalia
134:Chordata
130:Phylum:
124:Animalia
110:Domain:
87:IUCN 3.1
42:Muskrat
5313:2439092
5246:1451012
5207:muskrat
5194:1451012
5106:1002193
5015:5219858
4738:A. pomo
4627:Ondatra
4322:C. inez
3961:Lemmini
3934:Lagurus
3651:Volemys
3387:Pedomys
3340:Pitymys
3275:Mynomes
2950:(Voles)
2563:Order:
2545:Class:
2437:June 9,
2276:Apicius
2133:BBC One
1777:1380263
1595:civette
1546:"zivet"
1360:1380263
1110:Caribou
1042:bobcats
1030:coyotes
1026:cougars
1011:turtles
995:mussels
650:cattail
548:⁄
534:⁄
499:Ondatra
453:mòskwas
449:Abenaki
425:beavers
382:Ondatra
364:cattail
353:⁄
339:⁄
297:muskrat
243:, 1766)
195:Ondatra
190:Genus:
180:Tribe:
150:Order:
140:Class:
85: (
5326:203519
5080:180318
5028:180318
4999:FEIS:
4979:305697
4953:ONDAZI
4940:313678
4886:ARKive
4862:Q26283
4559:C. rex
4529:voles)
4441:voles)
4313:C. eva
4060:Myopus
3983:Lemmus
3519:Neodon
2805:C. gud
2298:
2288:
2217:
2209:
2176:
2108:
1936:
1928:
1869:
1859:
1831:
1821:
1798:
1775:
1679:
1669:
1504:
1494:
1456:
1421:
1411:
1358:
1319:
1309:
1189:levees
1182:Europe
1165:Lenten
1116:, and
1090:herons
1082:Otters
1076:, and
1070:snakes
1058:eagles
1034:wolves
864:
862:
855:
853:
846:
844:
837:
835:
828:
826:
819:
817:
810:
808:
801:
799:
792:
790:
783:
781:
774:
772:
765:
763:
756:
754:
747:
745:
738:
736:
729:
727:
661:canals
605:whales
583:beaver
420:Rattus
374:extant
314:rodent
267:
261:
203:, 1795
58:Ottawa
5300:11397
5295:EUNIS
5241:WoRMS
5233:12351
5220:49341
5168:10060
5126:NAS:
5093:15324
5067:71816
5049:IRMNG
5041:45763
4966:11318
4961:EUNIS
4927:49JSC
4914:19339
4901:20666
2215:S2CID
2207:JSTOR
1984:(PDF)
1934:S2CID
1773:JSTOR
1561:
1356:JSTOR
1114:moose
1062:hawks
1050:bears
1022:foxes
999:frogs
601:seals
567:voles
487:Huron
483:civet
461:musky
399:voles
378:genus
5321:ITIS
5308:GBIF
5287:RQPX
5202:ODNR
5189:OBIS
5181:1390
5163:NCBI
5129:2555
5088:IUCN
5075:ITIS
5023:GISD
5010:GBIF
5002:onzi
4948:EPPO
4909:BOLD
2467:2006
2439:2015
2409:help
2397:help
2358:2021
2335:2013
2296:LCCN
2286:ISBN
2262:2007
2231:2010
2174:ISBN
2106:ISBN
2050:2021
2018:2021
1992:2023
1967:2024
1926:PMID
1893:2012
1867:LCCN
1857:ISBN
1829:LCCN
1819:ISBN
1796:LCCN
1742:2012
1711:2012
1677:LCCN
1667:ISBN
1531:2011
1502:LCCN
1492:ISBN
1454:ISBN
1419:LCCN
1409:ISBN
1387:2021
1317:LCCN
1307:ISBN
1282:2021
1265:2016
1193:corn
1100:and
1098:pike
1066:owls
1038:lynx
1018:mink
1007:fish
935:and
689:The
677:coal
652:and
603:and
575:mice
407:rats
401:and
295:The
201:Link
5282:CoL
5228:TSA
5150:NBN
5114:MSW
5101:MDD
5062:ISC
4935:EoL
4922:CoL
2080:doi
1918:doi
1765:doi
1620:205
1589:942
1348:doi
1269:doi
1118:elk
982:BBC
663:or
497:as
299:or
5345::
5323::
5310::
5297::
5284::
5269::
5243::
5230::
5217::
5204::
5191::
5178::
5165::
5152::
5139::
5116::
5103::
5090::
5077::
5064::
5051::
5038::
5025::
5012::
4989::
4976::
4963::
4950::
4937::
4924::
4911::
4888::
4873::
4858::
4285::
4247::
4164::
3430::
3411::
3391::
3344::
3279::
3160::
3122::
2967::
2458:.
2425:.
2401:;
2388::
2386:}}
2382:{{
2321:.
2317:.
2294:.
2248:.
2213:.
2203:21
2201:.
2197:.
2149:.
2131:.
2076:19
2074:.
2070:.
2058:^
2042:57
2040:.
2034:.
2008:.
1955:.
1932:.
1924:.
1914:35
1912:.
1865:.
1827:.
1771:.
1761:63
1759:.
1728:.
1697:.
1675:.
1636:.
1591:.
1549:.
1522:.
1500:.
1468:^
1431:^
1417:.
1376:.
1354:.
1344:63
1342:.
1338:.
1315:.
1290:^
1263:.
1257:.
1241:^
1112:,
1092:,
1088:,
1084:,
1080:.
1072:,
1068:,
1060:,
1056:,
1052:,
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1040:,
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1032:,
1028:,
1024:,
1020:,
1005:,
1001:,
997:,
976:.
939:.
931:,
927:,
923:,
919:,
915:,
911:,
907:,
903:,
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895:,
891:,
887:,
883:,
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644:.
569:,
481:;
4818:)
4781:)
4772:)
4740:)
4731:)
4722:)
4677:)
4640:)
4616:)
4579:)
4570:)
4561:)
4552:)
4543:)
4509:)
4500:)
4491:)
4482:)
4473:)
4464:)
4455:)
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