1947:
335:. Her grandmother, Mary Ann Scott supported this claim, stating that Opal's mother frequently beat Opal for "looking at nothing with big eyes ... inattention and absentmindedness." According to Whiteley and her grandmother, as a child Whiteley was usually punished for daydreaming and "meditations", for running away to go on "explores" instead of working, for misguided attempts to help around the house that ended in disaster, and especially the time and effort she spent on caring for the animals around the lumber camp. She had a great many animal friends, both wild and domestic, to whom she gave fanciful names derived from her readings in classical literature. Despite her troubles, Whiteley wrote of her childhood as though she had often been very happy: even after a severe beating, she could write: "I'm real glad I'm alive."
301:
513:
705:
Mrs. Whiteley for some time, because Opal had attracted my attention throughout the meeting, and she stood out above all others in the room. Mrs. Whiteley then told me that Opal was an orphan; that the little girl was not her own daughter. As I now recall it, she said her own daughter had died some years before and she had taken Opal into the family to replace the little daughter whom she had buried. I know she said Opal's father was dead, although I am not absolutely certain concerning the father.
389:, where a professor of geology noted that she knew "more about geology than do many students that have graduated from my department." This led to the university offering her acceptance into their science program, in which she enrolled in the fall of 1916. In the spring of her freshman year, she was offered to speak at the July 1917 national Christian Endeavor event in New York City, but did not attend due to her mother's death from
33:
588:
509:. By some accounts, Sedgwick initially declined to publish the book, but, after interviewing Whiteley and finding her recounting of her life story intriguing, inquired if she had documented it in a diary. Whiteley indicated that she had, but that the diary was largely tattered (which she attributed to her sisters' destruction of it throughout her childhood) and had been kept in storage in Los Angeles.
478:... which not merely cry out that this remarkable testament of a child's heart must be tinctured with fraud but which deplore its 'sentimentalism' and even point to it as one more instance of the amazing American appetite for mush ... But that it is a beautiful and touching and piercingly honest revelation of an imaginative child's spirit seems to me evidently beyond
229:, who died during an expedition in India in 1901, after which she was allegedly sent to Oregon and adopted. She frequently went by the name Françoise Marie de Bourbon-Orléans, in reference to her alleged father. The details surrounding her family history have been the subject of wide speculation, with several biographers attributing the claims to
774:, and again, with a new afterword, in 1994. Hoff's reprint of the journal contains a detailed account of his research into Whiteley's life and the origins of her diary, and supplies evidence that concludes that the diary was authentically created in childhood, though he indicates that he disbelieves Whiteley's claims of her adoption.
623:
Public dispute over the authenticity of
Whiteley's diary began shortly after its serialization, with many readers alleging she had actually written the diary at age 20, and not when she was a child. Whiteley's publisher Ellery Sedgwick contended this, stating that it was "unquestionably the work of a
362:
in the community, and she began leading lectures at age thirteen in which she educated locals on geology, natural history, animals, insects, and plants, garnering the nickname the "Sunshine Fairy" among locals. She concurrently became a leader of the local chapter of the Junior
Christian Endeavor and
704:
When I first read of the doubt concerning Opal's parentage... I thought nothing of it, as I assumed members of the family would straighten out this doubt within a short time. But now it appears that they deny Opal was a foster child. After the meeting I went to the
Whiteley home and tailed with
424:
with the intention of earning money through lectures to finance its plans. In
California, she held numerous lectures for children, which she entitled "The Fairyland Around Us". By June 1918, she began writing a book of the same title, which blended recollections of her lectures with observations on
529:
home, where she spent the following nine months methodically reassembling the work. The diary was apparently block-printed in crayon and phonetically spelled on various types of paper. According to
Sedgwick's account of the reconstruction, it was a laborious undertaking, as many of the torn pieces
722:
in their archive of
Whiteley's papers, which also includes personal correspondence, photographs, classroom and literary notes, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and materials related to Whiteley's involvement with the Christian Endeavor society. Various correspondence written by Whiteley during her
638:
from
Whiteley to Sedgwick proves that Sedgwick was at least aware of the existence of her diary prior to their meeting, suggesting that he may have partially invented the tale of how the diary came to his attention (he claimed to have learned of it through an organic discussion during their first
400:
in her courses, she lost an academic scholarship that supported her ability to attend. She spent the summer of 1917 touring the state and giving nature lectures in an effort to earn money for her tuition, and resumed her studies in the fall of that year. During this period, she resided alone in a
678:
fantasies about her "true" parents. Commenting in 1986 on her claims of being the daughter of Henri, Prince of Orléans, Hoff said: "After three years of intensive research, I found no evidence that she is anyone other than the daughter of Edward and
Elizabeth Whiteley. The fact is, the proof is
687:
When little Opal said the animals and flowers talked to her, people thought that she was lying. Years later, when she refused to acknowledge that her childhood adoption story was a fantasy, readers and critics concluded she was trying to deceive them. All her life, in one way or another —with
553:
Shortly after the publication of
Whiteley's diary, speculation grew among the public regarding its authenticity, with many believing the work had been written by Whiteley as an adult. The diary also resulted in strife between Whiteley and her family due to its unflattering depiction of them,
432:
began in
December 1918, but its initial planned release never reached fruition as Whiteley ran out of funding to support it, largely due to her frequent requests for changes during the publishing process. This resulted in the publishers scrapping the project and destroying the plates for its
646:
supports the notion that Whiteley wrote the diary as a child, based on the premise that it would have been an extraordinarily elaborate deception for the adult Whiteley to first create a diary as a child might have printed it, then tear it up, store it and reassemble it for Sedgwick and the
566:
in 1923. However, being ill-equipped to handle the public notoriety garnered by her diary's publication, Whiteley left the United States and traveled to India in the 1920s, as her alleged father, Henri, Prince of Orléans, had done: She was the guest of the
598:
In her later years in England, Whiteley grew increasingly mentally disturbed, and often lived in dire poverty. In 1948, English authorities found her residing in a squalid basement apartment, surrounded by thousands of books. She was committed to London's
342:
who was able to memorize and categorize vast amounts of information on plants and animals. One of her schoolteachers, Lily Black, felt that she was a genius; she was two grades ahead of her age in school, and Black took advantage of the then-new
524:
Sedgwick requested that Whiteley have the papers sent to Boston. The fragmented papers soon arrived, "crammed in a hatbox." Sedgwick, who felt the diary would prove a viable literary work, arranged for Whiteley to reside in his mother-in-law's
575:, and wrote several articles about India for British magazines. Her presence caused some trouble with the British government in India, especially when a local cleric fell in love with her. Leaving India, she eventually settled in
554:
suggesting they were abusive to her, as well as for Whiteley's claims that they were not her biological relatives. Her siblings, frequently harassed by journalists, relocated and changed their names to avoid public scrutiny.
210:, who instead suggested that she publish her childhood diary, the fragments of which she had kept stored since her youth. Over a series of months, Whiteley meticulously reassembled the diary, which was first released in
173:, and expressed intense interest in both writing and science in her youth. As an adolescent, she began tutoring and holding lectures on natural history and geology in her community, earning a reputation as an amateur
541:
in March 1920, branded as "a revelation of the spirit of childhood." It became a swift success with readers, garnering the publication a significant influx of new subscribers. Based on its success as a serial, the
679:
overwhelming that the Whiteleys are her natural parents." Hoff cites Whiteley's alternate account of her parentage as evidence of latent mental illness, and the fantasies rooted in her childhood fascination with
788:
published "Only Opal: The Diary of a Young Girl," using text from Jane Boulton's "Opal: The Journal of an Understanding Heart," in 1994, via Philomel Books, a division of The Putnam & Grosset Group.
363:
gave talks in Portland; one attendee there recounted that she "spoke about God being everywhere, and how every little creature, plant, and tree in the woods bore testimony to His presence."
683:, where Henri, Prince of Orléans died during a 1901 expedition. Hoff asserts that Whiteley's mental illness was responsible for the ruinous circumstances that recurred throughout her life:
499:
At the encouragement of friends, Whiteley traveled to the East Coast in July 1919, hoping to find a publisher there to publish her work. In September 1919, she visited the offices of
651:. Furthermore, Hoff indicated that he had examined some of the few remaining diary pages and that chemical tests suggested that the crayons and paper had been manufactured prior to
1820:
2013:
425:
plant and animal life, with photographs of animals as well as her students, along with hand-drawn images. She also incorporated snippets of her childhood diary in the book.
1768:
401:
small house near the university campus, which she had filled with "an estimated sixteen thousand specimens of natural history." She concurrently developed an interest in
358:, a fundamentalist group that encouraged "social growth and spiritual awareness" in rural communities. Her studies of the environment led her to become a noted amateur
674:
Whiteley's claims about her family history have also been the subject of public debate, with a number of historians claiming that mental illness led her to engage in
355:
178:
1723:
417:) club at the university for young women interested in science and natural history. Whiteley stated she ultimately had the goal of opening a museum in the area.
405:
during this time, and changed her middle name from Irene to Stanley after discovering an ancestor who bore this name. During her sophomore year, she started the
856:
738:
is still extant and is held by the library of the University of London. The full dramatic rights to the diary are held by Robert Lindsey-Nassif, author of the
375:
By age seventeen, Whiteley had been elected as the state superintendent of the Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor, and her lectures on nature led to
300:
448:
in a run of approximately 200–300 copies, featuring hand-pasted drawings and postcards in place of the plate illustrations that had been destroyed. Copies of
666:(2015) that "opinions differ widely" on the diary's origins, and that "whole books and dissertations have been written positing theories going both ways."
437:. Describing the book's manuscript, biographer Benjamin Hoff notes: "Like her other writings, it balanced seriousness with humor, scientific scrutiny with
1461:
222:. The publication of the diary earned Whiteley international fame, though it was widely speculated that she had actually written the work as an adult.
381:
editor Elbert Bede writing a series of articles about her in 1915. Following a well-received speaking engagement for the Junior Christian Endeavor in
293:
by the Whiteleys, whom she claimed were in fact not her biological parents. In reference to her alleged father, Whiteley frequently went by the name
2028:
1737:
550:. Photos that initially appeared in the book showed Whiteley at work on the reconstruction, along with pictures of two of the original diary pages.
961:
2058:
2023:
1686:
256:
in 1988. The diary has been republished in several other editions, and Whiteley's life story has been adapted in film and theater productions.
328:
form of spelling. Whiteley was noted by her teachers and family members as a voracious reader who spent much of her time reading and writing.
273:, the first of five children of Charles Edward and Lizzie Whiteley. Charles was of French Canadian ancestry. Beginning in childhood, Whiteley
2038:
2033:
1921:
1902:
1880:
1861:
444:
Several months later, after regaining her health, Whiteley continued to pursue the project, eventually accruing enough funds to self-publish
397:
233:
stemming from mental illness. Following the publication of her diary, Whiteley relocated to England, where she was eventually committed to a
2043:
2003:
1830:
797:
The diary was adapted into an Off-Broadway musical by Robert Lindsey-Nassif, opening in New York in 1992, published by Samuel French, Inc.
512:
897:
735:
731:
2053:
2018:
1131:
2063:
635:
420:
In the spring of 1918, shortly after making her museum announcement to the public, Whiteley promptly left Oregon, traveling to
1698:
603:, where she became known to the staff of Napsbury as "the Princess". Whiteley remained at Napsbury until her death in 1992.
2008:
1715:
842:
1672:
818:. It had a week-long theatrical run at the Bijou Art Cinemas in Eugene, Oregon. The self-funded film won several awards.
2048:
1505:
814:, a narrative feature film inspired by the life of Opal Whiteley and directed by Dina Ciraulo, premiered in the 2010
278:
226:
1453:
801:
1506:"Opal In The Rough -- 75 Years After Opal Whiteley Flashed Across The National Scene, She Still Intrigues Readers"
530:
were only large enough to contain a single letter and the pieces had been stored in Whiteley's hat box for years.
1629:
815:
526:
324:
in which she observed the animals and natural world around her, sometimes using crayons, and utilizing her own
158:
951:
700:
of which Whiteley became a member in her youth, supported Whiteley's claim that she had in fact been adopted:
659:
by Elizabeth Lawrence, in which she noted that she had had the diary pages submitted for scientific scrutiny.
377:
1745:
157:
who gained international fame for the publication of her childhood diary, which featured meditations and
1825:
696:
However, G. Evert Baker, an attorney and leader of the Young People's Society of Christian Endeavour in
317:
188:, Whiteley toured the state giving lectures on nature and the environment. In 1918, she self-published
1998:
1993:
1978:
1694:
1127:
724:
719:
386:
348:
234:
185:
109:
1066:
759:
The diary was reprinted in 1962 with a lengthy foreword by E. S. Bradburne (Elizabeth Lawrence), as
534:
461:
457:
332:
253:
211:
1414:
487:
453:
270:
60:
225:
Throughout her life, Whiteley claimed to have been the biological daughter of French naturalist
320:, where Opal was raised largely in poverty. Beginning at age six, she began writing a personal
1942:
1917:
1898:
1876:
1857:
1664:
1510:
1475:
1265:
905:
607:
600:
592:
344:
238:
91:
1965:
1951:
847:
697:
309:
237:
in 1948. She spent the remainder of her life in psychiatric care until her death in 1992 at
956:
500:
359:
207:
1123:
1071:
785:
610:, where her gravestone bears both her names with the inscription "I spake as a child".
410:
382:
313:
150:
562:
After the publication of her diary, Whiteley self-published a book of poetry entitled
32:
1987:
1957:
1890:
771:
689:
643:
626:
390:
339:
245:
170:
739:
587:
505:
202:
162:
1895:
The Singing Creek Where the Willows Grow: The Rediscovered Diary of Opal Whiteley
250:
The Singing Creek where the Willows Grow: The Rediscovered Diary of Opal Whiteley
218:
in March 1920. It was published in book format in September 1920 under the title
1938:
1483:
652:
421:
286:
688:
spankings or scoldings, criticisms or rejections — she was punished for having
1849:
1652:
631:
274:
174:
1668:
1479:
770:
The diary was reprinted in 1986, accompanied by a biography and foreword by
438:
402:
325:
193:
281:, and an unnamed Austrian duchess. By Whiteley's account, she was taken to
452:
were distributed on a subscription basis, and earned Whiteley praise from
675:
568:
290:
230:
1794:
852:
572:
434:
479:
1973:
1637:
777:
In 1984, an adaptation of her diary was published by Jane Boulton as
576:
282:
197:
166:
79:
393:
in May 1917, which was shortly followed by her grandfather's death.
331:
Whiteley claimed that her mother often disciplined her with severe
680:
586:
511:
321:
299:
154:
763:. Lawrence's version has been reissued in an expanded edition as
396:
Whiteley continued to pursue her studies, but after a series of
304:
Excerpt of Whiteley's diary, composed with crayon on a paper bag
1397:
1395:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1103:
1101:
433:
illustrations, which emotionally devastated her and left her
624:
child," and asserting its authenticity in correspondence to
999:
McQuiddy, Steve (2012). "Fantastic Tale of Opal Whiteley".
714:
Contemporarily, only several original copies of Whiteley's
192:, which combined factual scientific information along with
1873:
Remarkable Oregon Women: Revolutionaries & Visionaries
1795:"Multitalented and Passionate Cinema Professor Dies At 52"
1266:"The Story Of Opal: The Journal of an Understanding Heart"
664:
Remarkable Oregon Women: Revolutionaries & Visionaries
252:, a biography accompanying her full diary, which won the
1914:
Bohemia: The Lives and Times of an Oregon Timber Venture
825:, Opal Whiteley is featured as a character in the plot.
548:
The Story of Opal: The Journey of an Understanding Heart
220:
The Story of Opal: The Journal of an Understanding Heart
149:(December 11, 1897 – February 16, 1992) was an American
138:
The Story of Opal: The Journal of an Understanding Heart
200:
to seek wider distribution of the book. There, she met
1875:. Mount Pleasant, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing.
1916:. Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press.
537:
installment of Whiteley's diary was published by the
1630:"Letters from Christian Endeavor Leader Evert Baker"
558:
Subsequent works, relocation to England (1924–1947)
269:Opal Irene Whiteley was born December 11, 1897, in
131:
123:
115:
105:
97:
87:
68:
42:
23:
474:I have read with interest a number of comments on
1897:. New York City, New York: Ticknor & Fields.
1854:Opal: A Life of Enchantment, Mystery, and Madness
196:observations of nature. In 1919, she traveled to
1769:"Dina Ciraulo, Indie Filmmaker Discusses 'Opal'"
277:claimed to be the daughter of French naturalist
702:
685:
472:
177:, as well as becoming a noted speaker for the
16:American nature writer and diarist (1897–1992)
1716:"Interview Questions regarding Opal Whiteley"
356:Young People's Society of Christian Endeavour
308:In 1903, after having spent almost a year in
179:Young People's Society of Christian Endeavour
8:
1615:
1603:
1567:
1555:
1531:
1401:
1386:
1374:
1362:
1345:
1333:
1309:
1290:
1252:
1233:
1216:
1199:
1187:
1156:
1144:
1107:
1092:
1049:
1037:
986:
974:
930:
918:
881:
869:
718:(1918), are extant; one copy is held by the
1691:University of London Senate House Libraries
779:Opal: The Journal of an Understanding Heart
468:Publication of diaries and fame (1920–1923)
2014:American people of French-Canadian descent
1653:"The Enchanted Fairyland of Opal Whiteley"
945:
943:
941:
939:
347:system to get books for Whiteley from the
20:
1579:
546:published the full work in book form as
464:, who sent her letters of appreciation.
1701:from the original on February 24, 2021.
1060:
1058:
834:
1738:"Opal Whiteley: The Oregon Experience"
1726:from the original on January 31, 2023.
1710:
1708:
1439:
892:
890:
723:later years in England is held by the
662:Historian Jennifer Chambers writes in
1134:from the original on August 18, 2022.
1118:
1116:
7:
1856:. New York City, New York: Penguin.
1591:
1543:
1427:
1321:
1168:
1025:
1013:
950:Galloway, Paul (December 26, 1986).
765:Opal Whiteley, the Mystery Continues
734:of Whiteley's diary has lapsed, the
338:Whiteley was thought to have been a
169:, Whiteley was considered by some a
1675:from the original on March 1, 2021.
1464:from the original on June 16, 2023.
1454:"The mystery of Princess Francoise"
964:from the original on June 16, 2023.
859:from the original on June 16, 2023.
761:Opal Whiteley, the Unsolved Mystery
657:Opal Whiteley, The Unsolved Mystery
655:. This claim was initially made in
516:Whiteley reconstructing her diary,
265:Early life and writings (1897–1915)
1504:McQuiddy, Steven (March 3, 1996).
1065:Dean, Michelle (August 23, 2012).
952:"Mystery of a Little Girl's Diary"
784:Children's author and illustrator
634:, correspondence preserved by the
354:At age eight, Whiteley joined the
295:Françoise Marie de Bourbon-Orléans
161:of nature and wildlife. Raised in
101:Françoise Marie de Bourbon-Orléans
14:
1821:"A Murder Mystery of Lane County"
1452:Lewis, Alex (December 11, 2009).
1124:"Opal Whiteley papers, 1911–1977"
630:in 1920. According to biographer
441:, and information with emotion."
902:Cottage Grove Historical Society
806:Oregon Experience: Opal Whiteley
636:Massachusetts Historical Society
583:Later life and death (1948–1992)
31:
2029:People from Lane County, Oregon
1977:with additional resources, via
1948:Works by or about Opal Whiteley
1767:Baird, Kevin (April 13, 2011).
1458:St. Albans and Harpenden Review
804:aired an in-house documentary,
639:encounter with one another).
312:, the Whiteley family moved to
2059:20th-century American diarists
2024:People from Colton, Washington
1974:Transcript of Whiteley's diary
1001:Lane County Historical Society
1:
1793:Bays, Andy (March 23, 2016).
1272:(Advertisement). January 1921
517:
2039:Burials at Highgate Cemetery
2034:People with mental disorders
1430:, pp. 185–186, 220–222.
843:"Whiteley, Opal (1897–1992)"
821:In Jerry Rust's 2011 novel,
2044:University of Oregon alumni
2004:American Book Award winners
1871:Chambers, Jennifer (2015).
2080:
1742:Oregon Public Broadcasting
823:The Covered Bridge Murders
802:Oregon Public Broadcasting
1893:; Whiteley, Opal (1986).
1773:Ethos / The Daily Emerald
1067:"Opal Whiteley's Riddles"
816:Mill Valley Film Festival
710:Preservation of materials
285:in 1904 and brought to a
30:
2054:20th-century naturalists
2019:Literature controversies
1912:Thoele, Michael (1998).
1657:Skipping Stones Magazine
1616:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1604:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1568:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1556:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1532:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1402:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1387:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1375:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1363:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1346:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1334:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1310:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1291:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1253:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1234:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1217:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1200:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1188:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1157:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1145:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1108:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1093:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1050:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
1038:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
987:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
975:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
931:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
919:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
882:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
870:Hoff & Whiteley 1986
428:Publication efforts for
279:Henri, Prince of Orléans
227:Henri, Prince of Orléans
2064:American women diarists
1960:The Fairyland Around Us
736:international copyright
716:The Fairyland Around Us
606:Whiteley was buried at
450:The Fairyland Around Us
446:The Fairyland Around Us
430:The Fairyland Around Us
385:, Whiteley visited the
369:The Fairyland Around Us
190:The Fairyland Around Us
1939:Works by Opal Whiteley
1687:"Opal Whiteley papers"
1634:Opal Whiteley Memorial
1558:, pp. 36–41, 363.
707:
694:
595:
521:
484:
378:Cottage Grove Sentinel
305:
1826:Eugene Register-Guard
1722:. December 31, 2013.
1720:Robert Lindsey-Nassif
1628:Williamson, Stephen.
1415:"The Flower of Stars"
1028:, pp. 16–17, 23.
619:Authenticity of diary
590:
515:
303:
297:throughout her life.
37:Opal Whiteley in 1919
2009:American naturalists
1979:University of Oregon
1833:on January 15, 2012.
1748:on November 16, 2011
1695:University of London
1640:on December 5, 2010.
1270:The Atlantic Monthly
1128:University of Oregon
872:, pp. 5, 16–17.
725:University of London
720:University of Oregon
591:Whiteley's grave in
492:The Atlantic Monthly
387:University of Oregon
349:Oregon State Library
235:psychiatric hospital
186:University of Oregon
184:While attending the
110:University of Oregon
2049:Writers from Oregon
1478:(January 5, 2010).
908:on August 14, 2011.
564:The Flower of Stars
503:, publisher of the
490:, quoted in a 1921
462:Kate Douglas Wiggin
458:William Howard Taft
333:corporal punishment
316:, near the town of
254:National Book Award
147:Opal Irene Whiteley
119:Naturalist, diarist
47:Opal Irene Whiteley
1819:Bjornstad, Randi.
1594:, pp. 98–105.
1476:McFadyean, Melanie
596:
522:
488:Christopher Morley
454:Theodore Roosevelt
306:
271:Colton, Washington
61:Colton, Washington
1943:Project Gutenberg
1923:978-0-875-95268-0
1904:978-0-091-72734-5
1882:978-1-625-85644-9
1863:978-0-143-03429-2
1606:, pp. 14–15.
1570:, pp. 41–43.
1511:The Seattle Times
1348:, pp. 30–34.
1336:, pp. 29–31.
1324:, pp. 84–85.
1293:, pp. 28–30.
1202:, pp. 23–24.
1147:, pp. 18–19.
750:Diary adaptations
608:Highgate Cemetery
601:Napsbury Hospital
593:Highgate Cemetery
476:The Story of Opal
398:incomplete grades
345:interlibrary loan
239:Napsbury Hospital
144:
143:
124:Years active
92:Highgate Cemetery
72:February 16, 1992
57:December 11, 1897
2071:
1976:
1966:Internet Archive
1963:
1952:Internet Archive
1927:
1908:
1886:
1867:
1835:
1834:
1829:. Archived from
1816:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1744:. Archived from
1734:
1728:
1727:
1712:
1703:
1702:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1636:. Archived from
1625:
1619:
1613:
1607:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1390:
1384:
1378:
1372:
1366:
1360:
1349:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1307:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1262:
1256:
1250:
1237:
1231:
1220:
1214:
1203:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1120:
1111:
1105:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1062:
1053:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1005:
1004:
996:
990:
984:
978:
972:
966:
965:
947:
934:
928:
922:
916:
910:
909:
904:. Archived from
894:
885:
879:
873:
867:
861:
860:
848:Encyclopedia.com
839:
793:Film and theater
649:Atlantic Monthly
544:Atlantic Monthly
539:Atlantic Monthly
519:
506:Atlantic Monthly
495:
310:Wendling, Oregon
289:, where she was
244:In 1986, writer
216:Atlantic Monthly
203:Atlantic Monthly
134:
98:Other names
75:
56:
54:
35:
21:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2068:
1984:
1983:
1972:
1956:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1911:
1905:
1889:
1883:
1870:
1864:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1803:
1801:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1777:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1751:
1749:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1714:
1713:
1706:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1651:Caruso, David.
1650:
1649:
1645:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1614:
1610:
1602:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1578:
1574:
1566:
1562:
1554:
1550:
1542:
1538:
1530:
1526:
1516:
1514:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1480:"Who Was Opal?"
1474:
1473:
1469:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1438:
1434:
1426:
1422:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1400:
1393:
1385:
1381:
1373:
1369:
1361:
1352:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1328:
1320:
1316:
1308:
1297:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1273:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1251:
1240:
1232:
1223:
1215:
1206:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1175:
1167:
1163:
1155:
1151:
1143:
1139:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1106:
1099:
1091:
1087:
1077:
1075:
1064:
1063:
1056:
1048:
1044:
1036:
1032:
1024:
1020:
1012:
1008:
998:
997:
993:
989:, pp. 7–9.
985:
981:
973:
969:
957:Chicago Tribune
949:
948:
937:
929:
925:
917:
913:
898:"Opal Whiteley"
896:
895:
888:
880:
876:
868:
864:
841:
840:
836:
831:
800:In March 2010,
795:
757:
752:
712:
672:
621:
616:
585:
560:
501:Ellery Sedgwick
497:
486:
470:
373:
267:
262:
208:Ellery Sedgwick
132:
106:Alma mater
83:
77:
73:
64:
58:
52:
50:
49:
48:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2077:
2075:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1945:
1934:
1933:External links
1931:
1929:
1928:
1922:
1909:
1903:
1891:Hoff, Benjamin
1887:
1881:
1868:
1862:
1850:Beck, Kathrine
1845:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1811:
1785:
1759:
1729:
1704:
1678:
1643:
1620:
1618:, p. 344.
1608:
1596:
1584:
1582:, p. 112.
1572:
1560:
1548:
1536:
1524:
1496:
1467:
1444:
1442:, p. 464.
1432:
1420:
1406:
1391:
1379:
1367:
1350:
1338:
1326:
1314:
1295:
1283:
1257:
1238:
1221:
1204:
1192:
1173:
1161:
1149:
1137:
1112:
1097:
1085:
1072:The New Yorker
1054:
1042:
1030:
1018:
1006:
991:
979:
967:
935:
923:
911:
886:
874:
862:
833:
832:
830:
827:
794:
791:
786:Barbara Cooney
756:
753:
751:
748:
732:U.S. copyright
711:
708:
671:
668:
620:
617:
615:
612:
584:
581:
559:
556:
494:advertisement.
471:
469:
466:
372:
367:Academics and
365:
266:
263:
261:
258:
142:
141:
135:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
78:
76:(aged 94)
70:
66:
65:
59:
46:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2076:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1961:
1958:Full text of
1955:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1925:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1815:
1812:
1800:
1799:The Guardsman
1796:
1789:
1786:
1774:
1770:
1763:
1760:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1733:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1679:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1647:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1580:Chambers 2015
1576:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1549:
1546:, p. 83.
1545:
1540:
1537:
1534:, p. 42.
1533:
1528:
1525:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1500:
1497:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1407:
1404:, p. 36.
1403:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1389:, p. 37.
1388:
1383:
1380:
1377:, p. 31.
1376:
1371:
1368:
1365:, p. 32.
1364:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1315:
1312:, p. 29.
1311:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1271:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1255:, p. 28.
1254:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1236:, p. 27.
1235:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1219:, p. 26.
1218:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1190:, p. 22.
1189:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1171:, p. 17.
1170:
1165:
1162:
1159:, p. 20.
1158:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1110:, p. 18.
1109:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1095:, p. 13.
1094:
1089:
1086:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1052:, p. 12.
1051:
1046:
1043:
1040:, p. 11.
1039:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1019:
1016:, p. 26.
1015:
1010:
1007:
1002:
995:
992:
988:
983:
980:
976:
971:
968:
963:
959:
958:
953:
946:
944:
942:
940:
936:
933:, p. 14.
932:
927:
924:
921:, p. 15.
920:
915:
912:
907:
903:
899:
893:
891:
887:
884:, p. 17.
883:
878:
875:
871:
866:
863:
858:
854:
850:
849:
844:
838:
835:
828:
826:
824:
819:
817:
813:
809:
807:
803:
798:
792:
790:
787:
782:
780:
775:
773:
772:Benjamin Hoff
768:
766:
762:
754:
749:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
728:
726:
721:
717:
709:
706:
701:
699:
693:
691:
690:schizophrenia
684:
682:
677:
669:
667:
665:
660:
658:
654:
650:
645:
644:Benjamin Hoff
640:
637:
633:
632:Kathrine Beck
629:
628:
627:The Oregonian
618:
614:Controversies
613:
611:
609:
604:
602:
594:
589:
582:
580:
578:
574:
570:
565:
557:
555:
551:
549:
545:
540:
536:
531:
528:
514:
510:
508:
507:
502:
496:
493:
489:
483:
481:
477:
467:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
442:
440:
436:
431:
426:
423:
418:
416:
415:Nature Lovers
412:
408:
407:Phusis Philoi
404:
399:
394:
392:
391:breast cancer
388:
384:
380:
379:
370:
366:
364:
361:
357:
352:
350:
346:
341:
340:child prodigy
336:
334:
329:
327:
323:
319:
318:Cottage Grove
315:
311:
302:
298:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
264:
259:
257:
255:
251:
247:
246:Benjamin Hoff
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
223:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
204:
199:
195:
191:
187:
182:
180:
176:
172:
171:child prodigy
168:
164:
163:logging camps
160:
156:
152:
151:nature writer
148:
139:
136:
130:
126:
122:
118:
116:Occupation(s)
114:
111:
108:
104:
100:
96:
93:
90:
88:Resting place
86:
81:
71:
67:
62:
45:
41:
34:
29:
25:Opal Whiteley
22:
19:
1959:
1913:
1894:
1872:
1853:
1831:the original
1824:
1814:
1802:. Retrieved
1798:
1788:
1776:. Retrieved
1772:
1762:
1750:. Retrieved
1746:the original
1741:
1732:
1719:
1690:
1681:
1660:
1656:
1646:
1638:the original
1633:
1623:
1611:
1599:
1587:
1575:
1563:
1551:
1539:
1527:
1517:December 12,
1515:. Retrieved
1509:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1470:
1457:
1447:
1435:
1423:
1409:
1382:
1370:
1341:
1329:
1317:
1286:
1274:. Retrieved
1269:
1260:
1195:
1164:
1152:
1140:
1088:
1078:December 12,
1076:. Retrieved
1070:
1045:
1033:
1021:
1009:
1000:
994:
982:
977:, p. 7.
970:
955:
926:
914:
906:the original
901:
877:
865:
846:
837:
822:
820:
811:
810:
805:
799:
796:
783:
778:
776:
769:
764:
760:
758:
743:
740:off-Broadway
729:
715:
713:
703:
695:
686:
673:
663:
661:
656:
648:
641:
625:
622:
605:
597:
563:
561:
552:
547:
543:
538:
532:
523:
504:
498:
491:
485:
475:
473:
449:
445:
443:
429:
427:
419:
414:
406:
395:
376:
374:
368:
353:
337:
330:
307:
294:
275:apocryphally
268:
249:
243:
224:
219:
215:
214:form in the
201:
189:
183:
159:observations
146:
145:
137:
133:Notable work
74:(1992-02-16)
18:
1999:1992 deaths
1994:1897 births
1964:(1918) via
1752:December 9,
1484:BBC Radio 4
1440:Thoele 1998
730:Though the
653:World War I
642:Biographer
422:Los Angeles
371:(1915–1919)
287:lumber camp
1988:Categories
829:References
676:delusional
535:serialized
533:The first
360:naturalist
248:published
206:publisher
175:naturalist
53:1897-12-11
1669:0899-529X
1592:Beck 2003
1544:Beck 2003
1428:Beck 2003
1322:Beck 2003
1169:Beck 2003
1026:Beck 2003
1014:Beck 2003
670:Parentage
527:Brookline
439:mysticism
403:genealogy
260:Biography
231:delusions
165:in rural
127:1916—1948
82:, England
1852:(2003).
1724:Archived
1699:Archived
1673:Archived
1489:June 16,
1462:Archived
1276:March 2,
1132:Archived
962:Archived
857:Archived
755:Literary
742:musical
698:Portland
569:Maharaja
435:suicidal
326:phonetic
194:mystical
1950:at the
1842:Sources
853:Cengage
573:Udaipur
291:adopted
155:diarist
1920:
1901:
1879:
1860:
1804:May 7,
1778:May 7,
1667:
577:London
460:, and
383:Eugene
314:Walden
283:Oregon
212:serial
198:Boston
167:Oregon
140:(1920)
80:London
63:, U.S.
1663:(2).
681:India
480:cavil
411:Greek
322:diary
1918:ISBN
1899:ISBN
1877:ISBN
1858:ISBN
1806:2023
1780:2023
1754:2016
1665:ISSN
1519:2016
1491:2023
1278:2010
1080:2016
812:Opal
744:Opal
520:1920
153:and
69:Died
43:Born
1941:at
571:of
1990::
1823:.
1797:.
1771:.
1740:.
1718:.
1707:^
1697:.
1693:.
1689:.
1671:.
1661:12
1659:.
1655:.
1632:.
1508:.
1482:.
1460:.
1456:.
1394:^
1353:^
1298:^
1268:.
1241:^
1224:^
1207:^
1176:^
1130:.
1126:.
1115:^
1100:^
1069:.
1057:^
960:.
954:.
938:^
900:.
889:^
855:.
851:.
845:.
808:.
781:.
767:.
746:.
727:.
579:.
518:c.
482:.
456:,
413::
351:.
241:.
181:.
1926:.
1907:.
1885:.
1866:.
1808:.
1782:.
1756:.
1521:.
1493:.
1417:.
1280:.
1082:.
1003:.
692:.
409:(
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
