1550:
collaboration with the staff and patrons of
Glasgow's oldest bar and restaurant, Sloans. The opera was performed across all three floors of the bar in four productions between 2011 and 2018, and the opera was sung in Glaswegian dialect and accent. The Sloans Project has been performed at Aberdeen's Sound Festival, Edinburgh Fringe Festival (Made in Scotland) and in Toronto by Tapestry Opera in 2012. The second NOISE commission led Williams to collaborate with Shetlandic fiddler and composer, Chris Stout, resulting in Hirda, an opera that premiered in the Mareel Theatre in Lerwick in 2015, the first opera to be written and sung in Shetlandic dialect. Hirda was also the first opera to be performed at Glasgow's Celtic Connections Festival, in 2017. The third work by NOISE Opera, was Navigate the Blood, a collaboration between Williams and the indie pop/folk band, Admiral Fallow. This opera, written in lowlands Scots, toured whisky distilleries across Scotland in 2018, telling a story of a Scottish family of distillers, and a mysterious house guest who turns up in the middle of the night.
1024:
1921:, a strong standard of provision from visiting companies has normally formed a highlight of the Scottish operatic year. The lack of an Edinburgh venue suitable for international theatre companies was however a problem over much of this time. The obvious solution was to finance a purpose-built modern theatre of the sort found in many overseas capitals. After much criticism of the inadequacy of venues, a plan from 1960 to construct a long overdue opera house-concert hall complex developed into a long-running saga that became known as Edinburgh's "hole in the ground". The project was eventually abandoned due to increasing cost projections and a lack of political will to start implementing it. The site in Castle Terrace was eventually leased for office development in 1988.
727:
477:
26:
1156:
98:(1732–81), whose chamber music was frequently performed at the time, but quickly forgotten after his death and has only just begun to be reappraised. Growing audiences for classical music can be seen from the drawing up of a constitution for The Musical Society of Edinburgh in 1728 and the opening of a new 2,200 square feet, oval concert hall for the Society in the shape of St Cecilia's Hall, Niddry Street, Edinburgh, in 1762.
1250:
2878:
106:
media helps researchers in some respects but nationally this process is still a long way from being complete. Performing companies and even theatres have mainly been temporary phenomena and their performance records are almost always lost. The best archives are found where companies or venues have not only survived, but maintained their own records. Prominent musical examples are in New York the
1848:
599:
253:
102:
the
Liverpool-based Carl Rosa Opera Company was hailed at the time as offering touring opera of an ambition and standard never before seen in Scotland. Perhaps the most detailed account of the travelling opera phenomenon of that time is offered by Rodmell. Clearly this exposure to travelling opera must have done a significant amount to form public taste.
207:– and this is just a scratch upon the surface of the European infatuation with the decapitated Stuart and/or her northern fastness which boiled-up in the bloodbath finale of the eighteenth century, operas often rabid and inconsequential, full of fashionable confrontations and artificial conflicts, politically motivated, repetitious and soon forgotten.
1596:
1924:
Subsequently, Festival opera has found its home in large traditional
Edinburgh venues, renovated in turn to bring them up to modern standards. For some years in the 1980s it was the Playhouse with its impressive official capacity of 2900. Since 1994 the Festival Theatre (formerly The Empire) has been
121:
Memoirs, even those of impresarios, tend to be long in anecdote and short of detail. Little or nothing survives of their business records to enable estimates of attendance, for example. National and local libraries and even specialist archives of performing arts material tend to hold only a haphazard
1167:
Opera was a late starter in
Scotland. Originating in Italy, c. 1600, where it was fostered under courtly patronage, the art form eventually spread over most of western Europe and beyond. However, the 17th and early 18th centuries were a tumultuous period in Scottish history. Not only was the country
105:
However, despite the impressive strides in historical research that have been made here and elsewhere, the quantity of performances and companies in
Scotland is not known in much detail. Establishing the facts is labour-intensive and problematic. Digitisation of newspapers, magazines and other print
101:
From the late-Victorian period onwards, opera-loving Scots had to make do with the offerings of small or family-based companies that toured extensively throughout the
British Isles. What the standards were like in those days long before recording can only be imagined. However the creation in 1873 of
1549:
In 2011 the opera company NOISE Opera was formed to specifically ask the question,”what makes a
Scottish Opera?”. This resulted in the commissioning and creation of three works between 2011 and 2018, composed by Scottish-based composer, Gareth Williams. The first, The Sloans Project, was written in
1182:
was heavily criticised by the more traditionally minded elements within the Church of
Scotland. This held back the development of a Scottish theatre tradition which could have supported opera. Johnson pointed to other possible reasons including the relative poverty of Scotland. The traditionally
125:
For
Scotland the task is more challenging. Attempts must therefore be made to identify and build the detail of early performances and casts using mainly newspaper reviews, programmes and playbills. An ambitious attempt to pursue this online, and unique in trying to work nationally rather than in
503:
No one could complain that Italy had ever abandoned Mary Stuart. Theatrically speaking she had shown a marked resilience but not really on account of her spiritual perfection. It was as a political symbol that she had captured the imagination of
Italian radicals and their kith and kin. In the
80:
The Italian style of classical music was probably first brought to Scotland by the Italian cellist and composer Lorenzo Bocchi, who travelled to Scotland in the 1720s, introducing the cello to the country and then developing settings for lowland Scots songs. He possibly had a hand in the first
146:
Scotland's soil was about to be profaned by a stream of operas that bore the footprint of rival......without Mary Stuart, Scotland might have been left in peace....In Italy alone in the earliest decades of the nineteenth century there was a Scotch broth of operas by Asap; Capecelatro ;
76:
Searching for its typical and characteristic features, Scottish opera (and Scottish classical music as a whole), has often been under strong foreign influence. Italian, French, English and German operas have served as models, even when composers sought to introduce characteristically national
1586:
Ayrshire Opera Experience are an Ayrshire-based company who have worked in conjunction with the Robert Burns Birthplace museum to translate and perform operas in the Scots language. Their productions include new Scots translations of Mozart's The Magic Flute and Purcell's Dido and Aeneas by
1459:, the General Director of Scottish Opera initiated experimental pairings of composers and writers with little or no previous experience of opera to create short 15-minute chamber operas. The "Five:15 Operas Made in Scotland" ran for two seasons, and involved Scots writers as diverse as
1323:. In 2014 she was appointed Master of the Queen's Music, following on from Davies and becoming the first woman to hold this honorary role. Weir is of English birth, but Scottish heritage, and has worked both north and south of the border. She has used Scottish material in her opera,
749:
Walter Scott's influence on the European literature of his time is frequently forgotten. Currently unfashionable and largely neglected, Scott influenced opera and historical novels, and authors like Tolstoy. Most of the works are based on Scott's novels rather than his poetry:
461:(1749–1802) a former actor whose prolific vulgarisations of Schiller and Kotzebue set Italian librettists scribbling for four decades. Indeed, without him it is to be suspected that Sir Walter Scott would never have captured the imagination of so many poets, nor for so long.
1187:, which frowned upon public entertainments in pursuit of pleasure and promoted thrift, not ostentation, may also have inhibited the kind of municipal patronage which enabled opera's transition from a predominantly aristocratic art form to one increasingly patronised by the
1050:
named Ossian. Although Macpherson claimed the poems were based on the orally transmitted tradition of Gaelic folklore, he could not, when challenged, produce original material in the form of transcriptions and the manuscripts he claimed to have, to silence doubters like
1272:. It was premiered in York in 1976 and toured throughout the UK. It received seventeen performances and was highly regarded for its mixture of surrealism, pastiche and electronics. Before that Wilson had written a one act opera, The Charcoal Burner, with a libretto by
569:(Venice, 26 December 1814) – omitting to name the poet – sparked-off a political row, which was soon stamped-out by the newly installed Austrians in Venice who put a stop to all such provocation, as they saw it to be. When the Neapolitan
516:", for example, a rag-bag of fact and fiction that somehow managed to bridge the gap between fervent Catholicism and Jacobin wishful-thinking, found a place among a host of similar popularist plays that included
589:
with a text by the Venice-based Gaetano Rossi (Bologna, 29 May 1821), though not more than obliquely dependent upon these sources, took care accordingly to stage it as far away from Naples as possible.
130:, a website for listings and performance history. Current content runs from 1755 to the present day, includes 650 operas and the names of over 11,000 performers. Much remains to be found, however.
1886:
organisation in Scotland. The other four, with their years of foundation, are the Royal Scottish National Orchestra (1891), Scottish Ballet (1969), Scottish Chamber Orchestra (1974), and the
2153:
939:: MacBheatha mac Fhionnlaigh), anglicised as Macbeth, and nicknamed "RĂ Deircc" (Righ Dearg), "the Scarlet King"; died 15 August 1057) was King of the Scots (also known as the King of
1928:
Elsewhere in Scotland, operas are also staged in a wide range of multipurpose theatres/performance spaces which regularly host performances of opera or opera excerpts, such as the
1042:. Later that year Macpherson announced that he had obtained further manuscripts of ancient Gaelic poetry and in 1761 reported his discovery of an epic on the subject of the hero
961:
and the many works it has inspired, although the play presents a highly inaccurate picture of his reign and personality. Shakespeare borrowed the story from several tales in
581:
at La Fenice on 26 December 1818 (based upon Schiller), the maestro took care not to upset anyone with either its title or its text (only with some of its spelling), while
1532:
More recent operas have tended to be shaped in one act, but the librettists have often been more notable than the composers. Amongst these are Louise Welsh, Zoë Strachan,
1023:
1329:. Commissioned by the Glasgow District Council, the opera was premiered by the Scottish Opera as a part of the 1990 European Capital of Culture celebrations in Glasgow.
1260:
Later twentieth-century Scottish opera composers include two surprises – namely the unusual number of female composers, and secondly, Scottish Gaelic opera (see below).
1220:(unfinished). Like many talented Scots he was soon drawn to study and develop his creative career south of the border. McCunn is best known for his non-operatic piece
2321:
2594:
Votaries of Apollo: The St. Cecilia Society and the Patronage of Concert Music in Charleston, South Carolina, 1766–1820, Carolina Lowcountry and the Atlantic World
2043:
After his death, the publication of his works was completed in 14 volumes in 1816. Another edition in 26 volumes was published at Florence between 1826 and 1827.
2564:
2781:
2776:
2697:
471:
1172:, but the departure of court and parliament to London removed potential sources of support and patronage. Theatre did not flourish in this period either.
73:, or based around Scottish themes, but the number of notable operas written by Scots is far lower. Their actual connection to Scotland varies greatly.
1238:
is a lyrical tragedy in one act. Again, like McCunn, he was mainly an orchestral, and non-operatic composer. In the following generation, we find
517:
2075:
492:
The subject of Mary, Queen of Scots was a common one. Usually the operas dealt with the section of her life when she was being persecuted by
1099:
718:, 1815, does not deal directly with Queen Mary, but does has several Scottish characters in it, and also relatives of the Scottish queen.
553:
All these ephemeral plays had something in common, and were favoured by a dissident public. Needless to say, it was not long before this "
1645:
Some Scottish popular singers, often untrained, have ventured into operatic singing, or at least singing operatic pieces: these include
1231:
714:
1634:
who found fame in Australia, but England is perhaps the most popular destination. Some have also worked in Continental Europe, such as
2068:
Sir Arthur Sullivan's Grand Opera Ivanhoe and Its Musical Precursors: Adaptations of Sir Walter Scott's Novel for the Stage, 1819–1891
1907:
1284:
from 1971 until his death in 2016. Some of his works take Scottish themes, but as often they do not. His Scottish based works include
1222:
95:
2224:
77:
elements into their work. This dualism, to a greater or lesser degree, has persisted throughout the whole history of Scottish opera.
2858:
2658:
2636:
2615:
2601:
1265:
1150:
2853:
1918:
967:, a popular history of the British Isles known to Shakespeare and his contemporaries, but with numerous inaccuracies and biases.
111:
2690:
1655:
1612:
70:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2437:
536:" in 1809 – which presented the unhappy queen with a fictitious daughter (who too would figure, rather later, in Rossini's "
2917:
2771:
923:
A list of over forty stage works based on this novel may be found in an appendix of Jeff Dailey's study of Sullivan's opera.
446:
1808:
1783:
1031:
726:
2463:
512:'s (1801) far-fetched historical plays staged in her honour rubbed shoulders with a lesser political layer. Thus a dim "
1887:
766:
349:
184:
2720:
890:
476:
241:
2643:
2183:
662:
499:
In a 2001 article, "Mary Stuart and the opera in her honour by Carlo Coccia", Professor Alexander Weatherson writes:
164:
1871:
since 1975. Owned by Scottish Opera, the Theatre Royal has been managed since 2005 by the Ambassador Theatre Group.
1040:
Fragments of ancient poetry, collected in the Highlands of Scotland, and translated from the Gaelic or Erse language
2907:
2902:
2766:
2683:
1929:
1903:
1518:
1505:
1286:
578:
29:
2912:
1932:. There is also a certain amount of small scale touring opera at various community venues throughout the nation.
1091:
963:
932:
817:
224:
2730:
2347:
2025:
Weatherson, "The Stuarts and their kith and kin", Donizetti Society (London), Newsletter No. 106, February 2009
1874:
Scottish Opera is the national opera company, one of the five national performing arts companies funded by the
1475:
1325:
1261:
2410:
2848:
2725:
1738:
854:
805:
787:
760:
25:
1899:
1864:
1831:
1768:
1659:. Darius' professional career began as a ten-year-old acting in a non-singing role as a Trojan boy in the
1631:
1491:
1464:
1292:
865:
615:
493:
316:
216:
2863:
2424:
1813:
1426:
1309:
1301:
1239:
1086:
142:, notes the following (with the addition of relevant opera titles associated with the named composers):
343:
2296:
1753:
1313:
1277:
1254:
1200:
835:
696:
604:
562:
403:
2201:
2013:
Brooke, Ian (2014) 'Brothers’ Labour of Love for Opera Fans' Brio, Scottish Opera, Glasgow (13), 10.
2004:
Rodmell, P. (2013). 'Opera in the British Isles, 1875–1918' Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing Ltd.
2735:
2539:
1875:
1793:
1622:
Due to the limited opportunities available to Scottish opera singers, many perform abroad, such as
1273:
1155:
1142:
1070:
1007:
952:
915:. The opera by Rossini is a pasticcio, assembled without the composer's input. Another important
799:
306:
168:
88:
83:
34:
1456:
532:" aimed directly at a credulous public. They shared the footlights with an even more imaginative "
2053:
2034:
T S Grey, Richard Wagner, Der Fliegende Holländer, Cambridge University Press 2000, p.2 and p.170
1911:
1567:
1537:
823:
671:
582:
327:
267:
176:
107:
2750:
2740:
2706:
2665:
2632:
2611:
2597:
2071:
1743:
1674:
884:
879:
846:
812:
794:
691:
481:
398:
394:
338:
220:
200:
180:
172:
160:
115:
46:
1778:
1639:
1604:
1533:
1146:
1066:
505:
458:
2489:
2882:
2246:
2127:
1883:
1703:
1646:
1559:
1440:
has written and produced two chamber operas informed by scientific subject matter, namely
1437:
1418:
1117:
1069:
were great admirers of the work. It was proclaimed a Celtic equivalent of the work of the
984:
973:
936:
905:
900:
771:
362:
354:
188:
94:
The most significant figure in Scottish classical music of the mid-eighteenth century was
1523:
1194:
Two main composers stand out in the 19th century, and early twentieth – the first being
496:. She was considered a sympathetic character in southern Europe due to her Catholicism.
64:
Opera in Scotland, including performers, production personnel, and opera companies, etc.
2629:
Society, Culture and Opera in Florence, 1814–1830: Dilettantes in an "Earthly Paradise"
1868:
1718:
1698:
1670:
1660:
1513:
1449:
1195:
1178:
1052:
998:
978:
861:
830:
778:
570:
388:
375:
273:
236:
232:
192:
148:
17:
2896:
2271:
1991:
1836:
1773:
1748:
1723:
1713:
1635:
1347:
1305:
1297:
1184:
1126:
681:
656:
414:
212:
204:
152:
2373:
1249:
2441:
1803:
1758:
1728:
1708:
1627:
1527:
1479:
1078:
989:
737:
730:
642:
622:
380:
290:
262:
228:
196:
156:
2386:
1788:
1763:
1733:
1665:
1650:
1623:
1599:
1332:
1320:
1188:
1095:
457:
At the heart of the plot, however, lay an Italian, the pulp plays and novels of
1925:
used both for the Festival and by Scottish Opera on their visits to Edinburgh.
1847:
1098:
in 1804, and transformed his career. This led to its influence on Napoleon and
746:
by English playwright William Shakespeare has also been adapted several times.
2467:
1798:
1693:
1542:
1460:
1269:
1169:
598:
332:
252:
1852:
1173:
651:
435:
408:
321:
211:
Other notable non-Scottish composers of operas on Scottish subjects include
2514:
2054:"Queen of dissent: Mary Stuart and the opera in her honour by Carlo Coccia"
740:
proved popular with nineteenth-century composers, and "the Scottish play"
1062:
509:
246:
54:
Opera on Scottish themes, subject matter, or inspired by Scottish writers
1595:
1879:
1110:
957:
948:
911:
742:
554:
127:
1562:. Nonetheless, a handful of operas have been written in the language.
1679:
1281:
545:
429:
2675:
1486:
for the EIF in 2012, and two full-length operas for Scottish Opera:
49:. This article deals with three separate, but overlapping subjects:
1319:
Another major composer, with a questionable Scottish background is
557:" Queen of Scotland was given a musical setting: Pietro Casella's "
245:
in Scotland, but changed the location to Norway shortly before its
1594:
1248:
1154:
1074:
1022:
944:
755:
725:
597:
475:
424:
251:
24:
1953:
Cowgill and Holman, "Introduction: Centres and Peripheries", p. 4
1577:
Jean-Paul Dessy and David Graham, (Libretto: Iain Finlay Macleod)
1508:'s collaboration with Ian Rankin for the "Five:15" programme was
1276:. Perhaps the best known opera composer resident in Scotland was
1081:, and several painters and composers depicted Ossianic subjects.
1077:. Many writers were influenced by the poem, including the young
1047:
951:) from 1040 until his death. He is best known as the subject of
940:
2679:
2651:
Music and Society in Lowland Scotland in the Eighteenth Century
2154:"Review/Music; A Scottish Opera Has U.S. Premiere in St. Louis"
1268:, was commissioned by Scottish Opera and based on the novel by
540:" but shorn of any disloyal aspects) – as well as a cut-price "
488:
1578. She was a regular topic of 19th-century European opera.
138:
Professor Alexander Weatherson, writing in the February 2009
2490:"Theatre Royal Glasgow Box Office | Buy Tickets Online"
439:
with a Scottish setting, and "some hints from Walter Scott".
2184:"Operas Made in Scotland, Edinburgh International Festival"
1113:(Mala Mhin), who has at least two operas based around her:
621: : 2-act drama, with prologue (1849) music by (1850) (
575:
Elisabetta in Derbyshire ossia Il castello di Fotheringhay"
504:
earliest years of the nineteenth century performances of
1863:
Scotland has only one dedicated opera house, namely the
1204:
in 1894, commissioned by Carl Rosa. This he followed by
1183:
Calvinistic outlook of the Scottish middle class in the
1474:, for the "Five:15 Operas made in Scotland" programme,
1350:
has been particularly prolific, and her works include:
1300:
incident). Non-Scottish based operas by Davies include
1038:
In 1760 Macpherson published the English-language text
450:
of 1843 which is about Mary I of England (Mary Tudor).
2412:
Hiort – Mac-Talla nan Eun/St Kilda, a European Opera
1859:
Scottish Opera in the context of the Performing Arts
1851:
The Festival Theatre building on Nicolson Street in
2841:
2790:
2759:
2713:
2438:"GMTV 12 January 2010 : Popstar to Opera Star"
299:
Edoardo in Iscozia (o Edoardo Stuart re in Iscozia)
38:, perhaps the best known opera on a Scottish theme.
2565:"The Glasgow Herald - Google News Archive Search"
561:" (Florence, April 1812) was prudent enough, but
2596:Charleston: University of South Carolina Press.
2070:. Lewiston, NY: Mellon Press. pp. 169–182.
1448:(2013), the latter produced with the support of
1104:Ossian receiving the Ghosts of the French Heroes
1514:eponymous Renaissance madrigalist and murderer
2691:
2672:, Newhaven and London: Yale University Press.
1346:In the second half of the twentieth century,
1168:riven, first by religious conflict and later
391:). Teatro Grande, Trieste, 29 September 1832.
311:Sara ovvero La pazza delle montagne di Scozia
239:originally set the action of his music drama
8:
122:handful of programmes or other memorabilia.
526:Il principe Eugenio all'assedio di Tamisvar
472:Cultural depictions of Mary, Queen of Scots
2698:
2684:
2676:
2606:Cowgill, R. and P. Holman, (Eds.) (2007),
1546:is an earlier example of this phenomenon.
1482:for several more works: the chamber opera
909:, 1891) created operas based on the novel
567:Maria Stuarda ossia I carbonari di Scozia"
2608:Music in the British Provinces, 1690–1914
1109:Other characters in the cycle, including
705:Maria Stuarda ossia I carbonari di Scozia
387:(Melodramma serio in 2 acts, libretto by
126:relation to a single company, is that of
2376:on gerdastevenson.co.uk, 1 February 2004
1846:
1677:in a critically acclaimed production of
1230:have been recorded. The other figure is
1073:poets and its unknown author likened to
1046:, said to be the work of a blind Celtic
1946:
518:August Friedrich Ferdinand von Kotzebue
2540:"A History of the Edinburgh Festivals"
2128:"Hamish MacCunn | Opera Scotland"
2021:
2019:
1898:Scottish Opera performs mostly in the
514:Maria Stuarda restituita dai Carbonari
2466:. London.broadway.com. Archived from
2178:
2176:
2174:
1917:Since 1947 and the foundation of the
1558:A far smaller body of work exists in
1425:(libretto: John Clifford – 1991–95),
603:Cast list and contents of the opera,
134:Operas on Scottish themes or subjects
7:
1159:The opening scene of Allan Ramsay's
59:Opera by Scottish (-based) composers
1663:'s avant garde 1990s production of
1417:The composer and controversialist,
249:staged in Dresden in January 1843.
32:as Lucia in the London premiere of
2653:. London: Oxford University Press.
2425:"Gaelic song echoes in DĂĽsseldorf"
2056:, Donizetti Society (London), 2001
1669:. As a teenager he performed with
1421:has also written several operas –
1280:. Davies, an Englishman, lived in
1246:, a Comic Opera in 3 acts (1909).
1223:Land of the Mountain and the Flood
96:Thomas Erskine, 6th Earl of Kellie
14:
2859:Scottish Alternative Music Awards
2659:Collins Encyclopaedia of Scotland
2644:The reception of Ossian in Europe
2225:"The Scotsman, 24 September 2013"
2152:Rothstein, Edward (4 June 1992).
1502:on an original libretto in 2019.
1478:has collaborated with librettist
1392:An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge
1266:Confessions of a Justified Sinner
1151:Category:Scottish opera composers
775:(based on several works by Scott)
530:Il trionfo di Napoleone il Grande
2876:
2854:Scottish Album of the Year Award
2223:Ross, Shan (24 September 2013).
2200:Smith, Rowena (16 August 2007).
1919:Edinburgh International Festival
1587:librettist Dr Michael Dempster.
1398:Harriet, the Woman called 'Moses
1061:achieved international success.
715:Elisabetta, regina d'Inghilterra
587:Maria Stuarda, regina di Scozia"
112:Royal Opera House, Covent Garden
2427:on news.bbc.co.uk, 22 June 2007
1878:. Founded in 1962 and based in
1516:. This was followed in 2012 by
722:Operas inspired by Walter Scott
676:Maria Stuarda, regina di Scozia
630:Maria Stuarda, regina di Scozia
538:Elisabetta regina d'Inghilterra
2656:Keay, J. and Keay, J. (1994),
2622:A History of Music in Scotland
2515:"Venues | Scottish Opera"
2202:"The Guardian, 17 August 2007"
1687:Other notable Scottish singers
646:Maria Stuart, regina di Scozia
524:" and the screaming tabloids "
433:(1857) A revision of his 1850
1:
2620:Farmer, Henry George (1947),
2544:Edinburghfestivalpunter.co.uk
1809:John Templeton (opera singer)
1784:Iain Paterson (bass-baritone)
1055:who believed he was a fraud.
1032:Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
199:; Rajentroph; the Ricchis ;
81:Scottish Opera, the pastoral
69:A number of operas have been
2190:, 3 September 2012 on ft.com
2117:Keay, J. & J, p. ??
1888:National Theatre of Scotland
1566:Sweeney, William (Libretto:
1014:
1004:Macbeth, Tre atti senza nome
935:: Mac Bethad mac FindlaĂch (
480:Queen Mary in captivity, by
140:Donizetti Society Newsletter
87:, with libretto by the poet
2374:"A Change of Tune is Vital"
1867:which has been the home of
921:Der Templer und die Juedin.
447:Maria, regina d'Inghilterra
16:For the opera company, see
2934:
2627:Garlington, A. S. (2005),
1930:Pitlochry Festival Theatre
1904:Edinburgh Festival Theatre
1653:, who has sung Gershwin's
1626:who found fame in the US,
1610:
1287:The Martyrdom of St Magnus
1140:
919:-based opera is Nicolai's
850:La fidanzata di Lammermoor
767:Boieldieu, François-Adrien
548:) of similar construction.
469:
453:But Weatherson concludes:
30:Fanny Tacchinardi Persiani
15:
2872:
2670:The Invention of Scotland
943:, and earlier as King of
933:genuine historical figure
899:Rossini, Pacini, and Sir
818:Il castello di Kenilworth
594:Other depictions in opera
534:Matilde ossia I Carbonari
2662:. London. HarperCollins.
2641:Gaskill, Howard (2004),
1894:Opera venues in Scotland
1843:Opera venues in Scotland
1656:Someone to Watch Over Me
1335:has written two operas,
1326:The Vanishing Bridegroom
1191:in 19th-century Europe.
1163:by David Allan (1744–96)
870:La prigione di Edimburgo
522:Edoardo Stuart in Scozia
2849:Scots Trad Music Awards
2649:Johnson, David (1972),
2440:. Gm.tv. Archived from
2391:Aonghasmacneacail.co.uk
2352:Craig Armstrong website
2348:"The Lady from the Sea"
2326:Craig Armstrong website
2090:Trevor-Roper, Ch. 3 – 4
2066:• Dailey, Jeff (2008).
1962:Garlington, pp. 19 – 20
1910:in Aberdeen and at the
1290:, a chamber opera, and
855:The Bride of Lammermoor
806:The Bride of Lammermoor
788:The Bride of Lammermoor
761:La jolie fille de Perth
444:There is also Pacini's
2631:. Aldershot: Ashgate.
2592:Butler, N. M. (2007),
2052:Alexander Weatherson,
1900:Theatre Royal, Glasgow
1865:Theatre Royal, Glasgow
1855:
1769:Margaret Anne Marshall
1613:Scottish opera singers
1608:
1554:Scottish Gaelic operas
1465:Alexander McCall Smith
1436:The Scottish composer
1257:
1164:
1094:was a sell-out at the
1035:
964:Holinshed's Chronicles
783:Le nozze di Lammermoor
733:
667:Marie Stuart en Ecosse
663:Fétis, François-Joseph
610:
494:Elizabeth I of England
489:
385:Ricciarda di Edimburgo
257:
225:Jean-François Le Sueur
155:; Casalini; Casella ;
39:
2918:Scottish Gaelic music
2864:Scottish Music Awards
2624:, London: Hinrichsen.
1908:His Majesty's Theatre
1850:
1814:Robert Wilson (tenor)
1598:
1519:The Lady from the Sea
1427:The Sacrifice (opera)
1310:The Doctor of Myddfai
1302:Mr Emmet Takes a Walk
1252:
1240:John Blackwood McEwen
1212:, (unfinished) 1904,
1158:
1087:Ossian, ou Les bardes
1026:
888:, based on the poem (
729:
616:Capecelatro, Vincenzo
601:
542:I carbonari di Dombar
479:
282:La prison d'Édimbourg
255:
28:
2610:Aldershot: Ashgate.
2519:Scottishopera.org.uk
2387:"aonghas macneacail"
1882:, it is the largest
1821:Production personnel
1754:Elizabeth Inverarity
1582:Lowland Scots operas
1380:Mary, Queen of Scots
1374:The Voice of Ariadne
1356:The Abbot of Drimock
1278:Peter Maxwell Davies
1255:Peter Maxwell Davies
891:The Lady of the Lake
686:Mary, Queen of Scots
466:Mary, Queen of Scots
419:I solitari di Scozia
278:I solitari di Scozia
110:; and in London the
2883:Scotland portal
2108:Johnson, p. ??
2099:Gaskill, p. ??
1876:Scottish Government
1794:Shuna Scott Sendall
1522:with a libretto by
1470:Following a short,
1234:, whose 1896 piece
1161:The Gentle Shepherd
1143:Theatre in Scotland
1015:James Macpherson's
1008:Salvatore Sciarrino
953:William Shakespeare
874:Heart of Midlothian
841:Heart of Midlothian
800:Lucia di Lammermoor
703:Sogner, Pasquale –
672:Mercadante, Saverio
577:with a libretto by
328:Marschner, Heinrich
242:The Flying Dutchman
84:The Gentle Shepherd
35:Lucia di Lammermoor
2782:Nineteenth century
2777:Eighteenth century
2666:Trevor-Roper, Hugh
2444:on 29 October 2013
2297:"The Devil Inside"
2158:The New York Times
1912:Eden Court Theatre
1856:
1609:
1568:Aonghas MacNeacail
1538:Aonghas MacNeacail
1258:
1165:
1036:
880:Rossini, Gioachino
847:Mazzucato, Alberto
734:
692:Neidermeyer, Louis
611:
583:Saverio Mercadante
490:
350:Nicolini, Giuseppe
344:Margherita d'Anjou
339:Meyerbeer, Giacomo
268:The Mountain Sylph
258:
108:Metropolitan Opera
40:
2908:Music of Scotland
2903:Opera in Scotland
2890:
2889:
2707:Music of Scotland
2372:Gerda Stevenson,
2132:Operascotland.org
2077:978-0-7734-5068-4
1994:. Opera Scotland.
1971:Farmer, pp.309–10
1744:Linda Esther Gray
1675:Royal Opera House
1673:at Covent Garden
1386:A Christmas Carol
1312:, Cinderella and
1122:Malvina di Scozia
885:La donna del lago
482:Nicholas Hilliard
399:Louis Niedermeyer
371:Malvina di Scozia
307:Gabrielli, Nicolò
221:Giacomo Meyerbeer
116:Royal Albert Hall
45:is a subgenre of
2925:
2913:Opera by country
2881:
2880:
2879:
2700:
2693:
2686:
2677:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2470:on 30 April 2008
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2434:
2428:
2422:
2416:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2383:
2377:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2197:
2191:
2180:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2124:
2118:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2091:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2063:
2057:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1990:Opera Scotland.
1987:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1779:Marie McLaughlin
1640:Marie McLaughlin
1534:Armando Iannucci
1488:The Devil Inside
1253:Expat composer,
1226:. Excerpts from
1147:Opera in English
1067:Thomas Jefferson
1006:, 2002 opera by
997:, 1989 opera by
579:Antonio Peracchi
459:Camillo Federici
2933:
2932:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2922:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2877:
2875:
2868:
2837:
2786:
2755:
2709:
2704:
2584:
2583:
2573:
2571:
2569:News.google.com
2563:
2562:
2558:
2548:
2546:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2523:
2521:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2498:
2496:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2473:
2471:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2445:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2423:
2419:
2409:
2405:
2395:
2393:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2371:
2367:
2357:
2355:
2354:. 8 August 2012
2346:
2345:
2341:
2331:
2329:
2328:. 12 April 2008
2320:
2319:
2315:
2305:
2303:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2280:
2278:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2253:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2230:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2207:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2188:Financial Times
2181:
2172:
2162:
2160:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2136:
2134:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2051:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2033:
2029:
2024:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1938:
1884:performing arts
1845:
1826:Stage directors
1818:
1704:Isobel Buchanan
1647:Darius Campbell
1615:
1593:
1584:
1560:Scottish Gaelic
1556:
1506:Craig Armstrong
1472:Remembrance Day
1442:The Turing Test
1438:Julian Wagstaff
1419:James MacMillan
1415:
1362:Marko the Miser
1244:The Royal Rebel
1232:William Wallace
1218:Breast of Light
1214:The Golden Girl
1153:
1139:
1137:Operas by Scots
1021:
1012:
929:
901:Arthur Sullivan
897:
862:Ricci, Federico
831:MacCunn, Hamish
779:Carafa, Michele
772:La dame blanche
724:
710:
609:
563:Pasquale Sogner
474:
468:
442:
421:, 1815, Malvina
376:Pavesi, Stefano
363:William Wallace
274:Carafa, Michele
256:Giovanni Pacini
203:; Sogner ; and
136:
71:set in Scotland
21:
12:
11:
5:
2931:
2929:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2895:
2894:
2888:
2887:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2731:Ecclesiastical
2728:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2654:
2647:
2639:
2625:
2618:
2604:
2582:
2581:
2556:
2531:
2506:
2494:Atgtickets.com
2481:
2464:"Broadway.com"
2455:
2429:
2417:
2403:
2378:
2365:
2339:
2313:
2301:Scottish Opera
2288:
2263:
2238:
2215:
2192:
2170:
2144:
2119:
2110:
2101:
2092:
2083:
2076:
2058:
2045:
2036:
2027:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1982:
1980:Butler, p. 115
1973:
1964:
1955:
1945:
1944:
1937:
1934:
1914:in Inverness.
1906:, and in both
1869:Scottish Opera
1844:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1719:Muriel Dickson
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1699:Isobel Baillie
1696:
1690:
1671:Scottish Opera
1661:Scottish Opera
1632:David Hamilton
1592:
1591:Scots in opera
1589:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1555:
1552:
1496:The Bottle Imp
1450:Scottish Opera
1446:Breathe Freely
1423:Inés de Castro
1414:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1352:
1337:The Undertaker
1293:The Lighthouse
1264:'s opera, the
1196:Hamish MacCunn
1138:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1124:
1102:1805 painting
1053:Samuel Johnson
1028:Ossian's Dream
1020:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1001:
999:Antonio Bibalo
992:
981:
979:Giuseppe Verdi
969:
931:Macbeth was a
928:
925:
896:
895:
877:
859:
844:
828:
810:
792:
776:
764:
752:
723:
720:
709:
708:
701:
689:
682:Musgrave, Thea
679:
669:
660:
649:
640:
633:
626:
612:
602:
591:
590:
571:Michele Carafa
550:
549:
508:'s (1780) and
467:
464:
463:
462:
441:
440:
422:
415:Vaccai, Nicola
412:
392:
389:Callisto Bassi
378:
373:
361:, 1820 (about
352:
347:
336:
325:
314:
304:
301:
288:
285:
271:
259:
237:Richard Wagner
233:Giuseppe Verdi
209:
208:
135:
132:
67:
66:
61:
56:
47:Scottish music
43:Scottish opera
18:Scottish Opera
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2930:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2885:
2884:
2871:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2791:Events by era
2789:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2701:
2696:
2694:
2689:
2687:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2638:
2637:0-7546-3451-5
2634:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2616:0-7546-3160-5
2613:
2609:
2605:
2603:
2602:1-57003-705-1
2599:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2587:Cited sources
2570:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2532:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2507:
2495:
2491:
2485:
2482:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2456:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2392:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2353:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2327:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2277:
2276:OperaScotland
2273:
2272:"Five:15 (2)"
2267:
2264:
2252:
2251:OperaScotland
2248:
2247:"Five:15 (1)"
2242:
2239:
2226:
2219:
2216:
2203:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2182:Andrew Clark,
2179:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2159:
2155:
2148:
2145:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2114:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2096:
2093:
2087:
2084:
2079:
2073:
2069:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1986:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1920:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1860:
1854:
1849:
1842:
1838:
1837:David McVicar
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1774:Morag McLaren
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1749:Henry Herford
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1724:Sophia Dussek
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1714:Murray Dickie
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1636:Joseph Hislop
1633:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1607:
1606:
1602:in the opera
1601:
1597:
1590:
1588:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1501:
1498:in 2016, and
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1476:Stuart MacRae
1473:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1404:SimĂłn BolĂvar
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1348:Thea Musgrave
1344:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1306:Kommilitonen!
1303:
1299:
1298:Flannan Isles
1295:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1262:Thomas Wilson
1256:
1251:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1185:Victorian era
1181:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1018:
1009:
1005:
1002:
1000:
996:
993:
991:
987:
986:
982:
980:
976:
975:
971:
970:
968:
966:
965:
960:
959:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
937:Modern Gaelic
934:
926:
924:
922:
918:
914:
913:
908:
907:
902:
893:
892:
887:
886:
881:
878:
875:
871:
867:
863:
860:
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2227:. Edinburgh
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1832:Paul Curran
1789:Meston Reid
1764:Neil Mackie
1734:Mary Garden
1666:The Trojans
1651:Susan Boyle
1624:Mary Garden
1611:Main page:
1600:Mary Garden
1333:John Purser
1321:Judith Weir
1296:(about the
1189:bourgeoisie
1096:Paris Opera
955:'s tragedy
866:Luigi Ricci
181:Niedermeyer
2897:Categories
2415:March 2007
2322:"Gesualdo"
2306:2 February
2163:18 October
1936:References
1799:Anne Sharp
1694:Paul Agnew
1543:Jane Annie
1461:Ian Rankin
1270:James Hogg
1198:who wrote
1170:Jacobitism
1141:See also:
1084:The opera
988:(1910) by
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712:Rossini's
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628:Carlini –
470:See also:
333:Der Vampyr
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177:Mercadante
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2803:1900–1949
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2721:Classical
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2549:7 January
2524:7 January
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1236:Brassolis
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173:Mazzucato
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1941:Notes
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