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borders. The refugees lived in squalor and were kept under martial law. Arab governments, but in particular Egypt, sensing the refugees’ discontent, capitalized on the opportunity to recruit embittered
Palestinians for armed actions against Israel. At first, the infiltrations and border transgressions took the form of petty banditry and thievery. However, by 1954, Egyptian military intelligence was taking an active role in providing various forms of support for
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resulted in a decisive
Israeli victory. However, the Arab nations remained intransigent and were only willing to sign armistice agreements with Israel. Thus, a static situation of “no war, no peace,” emerged. Moreover, hundreds of thousands of Arab refugees now camped alongside Israel's porous
493:
attacked an
Egyptian base near the city of Gaza. An Egyptian military relief convoy was ambushed en route. In total, either thirty-seven or thirty-eight Egyptian soldiers were killed and many more injured for the loss of eight Israelis.
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461:. One of the terrorists who was pursued and killed by Israeli forces was found to be in possession of documents linking him to Egyptian military intelligence. Defense Minister
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activity. After an attack by the fedayeen, Israel decided to take decisive action against Egypt for its sponsorship of the
Palestinians and initiated Operation Black Arrow.
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to
Israeli shipping and air traffic. He also increased support for Palestinian fedayeen raids, which invited even harsher Israeli retaliatory raids such as
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In Egypt there was a sense of humiliation. Not since the Arab–Israeli war of 1948 had the
Egyptians suffered such a blow. The Israeli attack was
485:, commander of the Paratroop Brigade was issued the go-ahead to initiate Operation Black Arrow. That night, a force of 150 paratroops, led by
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546:(who held different motivations for invading) in which the Egyptians were defeated and the Fedayeen bases disbanded.
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526:(81 Egyptian KIA, 55 captured). Tensions between Egypt and Israel ultimately led to Israel taking part in the
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demanded a harsh response directed against those believed to have sponsored the atrocity. Prime
Minister
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425:. Thirty-eight Egyptian soldiers were killed during the operation as were eight Israelis.
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On 25 February 1955, Arab infiltrators murdered an
Israeli civilian in the town of
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Operation Black Arrow, Exhibition in the IDF&Defense establishment archives
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Origins of the Second Arab-Israeli war, Egypt, Israel and the Great Powers
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Israel's reprisal policy, 1953–1956: the dynamics of military retaliation
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Intelligence for peace: the role of intelligence in times of peace
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Rasler, Karen; William R., Thompson; Ganguly, Sumit (2013),
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killed by
Israeli border police in chase after attack near
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Righteous victims: a history of the
Zionist-Arab conflict
510:. In response President Nasser decided to close the
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413:) was an Israeli military operation carried out in
421:) on 28 February 1955. The operation targeted the
428:Israel's actions were unanimously condemned by
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430:United Nations Security Council Resolution 106
68:28 February – 1 March 1955
837:Gaza City in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
591:The encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli conflict
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473:was more hesitant but demurred.
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566:operations is situated between
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362:Death and eulogy of Roi Rotberg
35:Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency
16:1955 Israeli military operation
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812:Reprisal operations (Israel)
372:Ramat Rachel shooting attack
90:Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip
604:History of the Israeli Army
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238:37–38 killed and 31 wounded
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732:, Frank Cass (2005) p. 152
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679:Spencer Tucker, p. 1162
315:Ma'ale Akrabim massacre
235:8 killed and 13 wounded
752:"Black Arrow Memorial"
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419:under Egyptian control
391:Operation Black Arrow
345:Operation Olive Leaves
172:Commanders and leaders
802:Israel Defense Forces
688:Morris, (1999) p. 283
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504:unanimously condemned
442:1948 Arab–Israeli War
325:Operation Black Arrow
230:Casualties and losses
111:31.51333°N 34.48028°E
24:Operation Black Arrow
757:Jewish National Fund
573:and the Gaza Strip.
558:Black Arrow memorial
447:Palestinian fedayeen
276:Palestinian Fedayeen
224:Paratroopers Brigade
465:and Chief of Staff
367:Ein Ofarim killings
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31:reprisal operations
709:, pp. 38–39,
615:Schiff, pp. 222–23
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410:Mivtza Ḥetz Shaḥor
116:31.51333; 34.48028
822:Conflicts in 1955
716:978-0-8122-4498-4
703:How Rivalries End
624:Schiff pp. 224–25
524:Operation Volcano
516:Operation Elkayam
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139:Belligerents
33:(during the
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453:Casus belli
114: /
791:Categories
577:References
536:Suez Canal
491:Danny Matt
436:Background
278:insurgency
196:Danny Matt
102:34°28′49″E
99:31°30′48″N
80:(two days)
76:1955-03-01
72:1955-02-28
498:Aftermath
404:romanized
54:Nir Galim
571:Mefalsim
550:Memorial
528:invasion
85:Location
74: –
50:fedayeen
763:22 July
568:kibbutz
530:of the
506:by the
459:Rehovot
417:(while
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70: (
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544:France
522:) and
477:Attack
395:Hebrew
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153:Israel
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127:Result
166:Egypt
48:Five
765:2017
711:ISBN
542:and
534:and
489:and
440:The
415:Gaza
65:Date
520:KIA
793::
754:.
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693:^
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767:.
393:(
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