1760:
parties of
British and German infantry stalked each other through trees, small quarries and trenches. The defenders were overrun in about two hours and mopping up began but some German troops were still holding out as dark fell. Most of the remaining defenders retired to Château Maltot on the far side of the road and were cut off and as the 4th Wilts moved forward to the Rau de Maltot stream, they were stopped by fire from the château. Bombardment by the Churchills prompted a German medic to request a truce, which the British were willing to accept, in return for the surrender of all German troops in the château, an offer the Germans declined. At dusk, the British attacked and broke into the ground floor but were held back by showers of hand grenades. Overnight the outbuildings were captured and the château was kept under fire by the tanks.
1352:
1596:(SLI) of the 129th Infantry Brigade made a silent attack on the crest of Hill 112. D Company attacked in the centre to re-occupy the orchard with A Company on the right and C Company on the left. A Company crossed the Caen–Évrecy road and tried to dig in but found the ground too hard for their tools and then the Germans were alerted by British machine-gun fire. D Company got to the edge of Cornwall Wood where they received machine-gun fire much of which ricochetted from derelict tanks; one platoon strayed to the right and disappeared. Troops of the 19th
235:
184:
151:
1511:, which had been moving out of the line to form an operational reserve, was brought back to contain the attack and the Germans were exposed to Allied naval and ground artillery and attack from the air, which inflicted severe casualties and deprived the German defence of the ability to conduct a counter-offensive. Tank-versus-tank engagements continued to take place at less than 1,000 yd (910 m), at which the 150 mm (5.9 in) frontal armour of Churchill tanks was insufficient to resist hand-held
1500:, the VIII Corps commander, recommended that more account be taken of topography in the selection of objectives and that the occupation of high ground be favoured over attacks on villages. The British and Canadians had used their increasing experience and kept the initiative but the Germans had not withdrawn, despite the cost of such defensive operations. The commanding views from Hill 112 were of great tactical importance but the highest point of the hill was relinquished by the British and left as a
1612:
1536:
48:
5878:
204:
172:
1430:
137:
1265:) which had arrived in Normandy in time to play a supporting role in Operation Epsom, would capture the spur running eastwards from Hill 112 to the confluence of the Odon and Orne rivers. The 129th Infantry Brigade would capture the top of the hill and establish observation posts as the 130th Infantry Brigade took the lower ground to the south-east of Hill 112. The infantry brigades were to be supported by
1708:(5th Wilts), of the 129th Infantry Brigade, and B Squadron of the 9th RTR from the 31st Tank Brigade, were to capture the village and orchards north of the road from Louvigny; the 4th Wilts with A Squadron, 9th RTR were to attack the woods, orchards and a spur south-east of Maltot. The 4th Somerset Light Infantry (SLI) were kept in reserve, ready to exploit any success. On the east bank of the Orne, the
1426:(5th DCLI) of 214th Brigade and the 7th Royal Tank Regiment (7th RTR) attacked the hill and reached the hilltop and woods nearby, which brought the four 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division brigades onto the ridge. To the north of Éterville, troops of the 3rd Canadian Division had crossed the Odon and extended the salient to the east.
1397:
102 (SS Heavy Panzer
Battalion). The German defences comprised a line of outposts down the north slope of Hill 112 with a main line of resistance along the Caen–Évrecy road. A second line ran from Feuguerolles westwards from the Orne to Bully, Avenay and Évrecy and another outpost line ran through St
1572:
The importance of the battles for Hill 112 is remembered by the erection by the 5th DCLI in August 1944 of a memorial labelled
Cornwall Wood. A larger wooden memorial to the 43rd (Wessex) Division was built by the residents of Normandy to the combatants and civilians who were killed soon afterwards.
1790:
in what they called a "text-book" operation. Commanders had studied maps, photographs and sand models, had been given time to establish infantry-tank co-operation with 7th RTR and conduct a reconnaissance of the terrain. The 43rd (Wessex) Division was withdrawn and the ground taken over by the 53rd
1759:
When the 5th Wilts saw that the 4th Wilts across the road had been delayed by the garrison in Lieu de France Farm at the east end of Maltot, Churchill and
Churchill Crocodile tanks advanced, bombarded and flamed the defenders and then overran the position. As the British moved into the woods, small
1755:
102 began a counter-attack as the
British entered Maltot and knocked out several Churchills of B Squadron. A British Forward Air Controller saw the German tanks and called in Typhoon Fighter-bombers which forced the Tigers back to Hill 112, while the grenadiers reinforced the German infantry in the
1652:
and captured the SS survivors of a flame attack by the
Crocodiles on the Caen–Évrecy road, between Croix des Filandriers and le Bon Repos. The advance continued downhill under Monty's Moonlight (illumination from searchlight beams reflected by clouds) and covering fire from the 107th RAC Churchills
1335:
with twelve 6-inch guns in the Bay of the Seine were to contribute their firepower. The army artillery amounted to 512 pieces and the Naval contribution was 23 medium and super-heavy guns. The heavy 4.2-inch mortars of the 8th
Middlesex and the 3-inch mortars of the infantry were to participate and
1742:
and the 5th Wilts advanced behind a smoke screen and an artillery barrage on the right side of the road. The
Germans were surprised and at first were stunned by the bombardment. As the British moved through the village, some defenders recovered and hand-to-hand fighting took place. Grenadiers from
1293:
of the 15th (Scottish) Infantry
Division was placed under the command of the 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division to capture Verson and Éterville and the land between the confluence of the Odon and Orne. The Highland Brigade would then advance either side of the Odon to the Orne as a flank guard s the
1602:
Regiment discovered the advance and managed to repulse the
British, then found that the German troops on the other side of the orchard had retired. Constant artillery, mortar and machine-gun fire swept the top of Hill 112 and made it untenable for either side and positions below the crest, where
1492:
had not been possible, since the Germans only withdrew to the south bank of the Orne. The British had attacked up open slopes to reach the top of Hill 112, commanded by dug in German units and tanks on the reverse slope. Narrow front attacks were tactically unwise but lack of troops and force of
1557:
of its establishment. The 9th SS Panzer Division suffered 746 casualties from 2 to 18 July; had 19 operational Panzer IV, 50 Panthers and 25 StuG III on 9 July, 20 Panzer IV, 50 Panthers and 27 StuG III on 10 July and 13 Panzer IV, 35 Panthers and twelve StuG III on 12 July. The 10th SS Panzer
1421:
and the advance to Maltot began. The village was entered but determined German defenders, mortar-fire and armoured counter-attacks made the British position in the village untenable, without control of Hill 112. The German defenders on the hill were dug into cornfields and tanks were hidden in
1756:
village. On the other side of the Louvigny road, the 4th Wilts advanced with A Squadron, through woods and farms to the final objective south of the village. The infantry went first, two sections in front of each tank, with the squadron commander on foot, accompanying the infantry commanders.
1665:
were sent up the southern slope of Hill 112 to repulse an attack that never came. Further west, the rest of the 15th (Scottish) Division had captured Point 113 but not Évrecy, which left the 2nd Glasgow Highlanders overlooked from both flanks. German counter-attacks by infantry of the 21st
1647:
Regiment. As the infantry emerged from dead ground they were met by massed mortar fire, which temporarily disorganised the battalion, as did a smoke screen placed on Hill 112, which had merged with fog and covered the area. The Highlanders managed to cross the start line on time at
1318:, to the west. Thirteen field regiments, ten medium regiments and 2 1/2 heavy regiments were to participate with three hundred and twelve 25-pounder field guns, a hundred and sixty 4.5-inch and 5.5-inch medium guns, twenty-four 155 mm and sixteen 7.2-inch heavy guns.
1720:
soldiers rushed German machine-gun nests and enabled the advance to continue to the village, where they fought with the German garrison until the British barrage was due and then retired. After Maltot was captured, the Canadians returned to occupy the village and took
1464:) of the II SS Panzer Corps but the British advance had taken the north slope and got half-way across the hilltop. The German defenders had been subject to naval bombardment, air attack and artillery fire but held much of their ground, with the support of
1767:
both battalions reached the final objectives to the west of Maltot and the woods to the south. The British tanks withdrew, having lost eight vehicles and just after dawn, the remaining Germans in the château gave up. By the end of the operation, the 10th
1603:
troops could assemble for an attack, were frequently bombarded. Small parties of the 5th DCLI remained in the orchard, not having heard of the retirement and after four days, a group which sent four German prisoners down the hill were ordered to retire.
1232:
ended the operation. Charnwood was mutually costly but a tactical success for the Allies. The Germans were expelled from north of the Orne but established a defensive line south of the city and continued to transfer formations to the American front.
1785:
could only counter-attack the most vital positions. At dawn, the British were met by the sight of the dead from Operation Jupiter and by long-range fire from German tanks and guns on the south-east slope of Hill 112. The Wilts had taken more than
1573:
A stone memorial was built at Hill 112 by the 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division in the late 1940s (carved by German masons) and similar memorials are at Wynyard's Gap in North Dorset, Castle Hill, Mere in Wiltshire and Rough Tor in Cornwall.
1398:
Martin; another main line of resistance from Bully to Amayé sur Orne to Évrecy. The Orne crossings were held by the pioneer and reconnaissance battalions and artillery support was provided by the 10th SS Artillery Regiment and the 8th
1056:(102nd SS Heavy Panzer Battalion) in the afternoon, forced the British off the top of Hill 112 to positions on the north-facing slope. The operation was a tactical failure for VIII Corps but a strategic success for the
1404:
Brigade. When the 3rd Canadian Division took Carpiquet on 9 July, the Germans lost observation westwards over the south-eastern slope of Hill 112 but could still observe from positions further east across the Orne.
1660:
but not held, as its position below a saucer of higher ground made it a shell-trap. The troops dug in on the rises north of Esquay at positions determined earlier using reconnaissance photographs. Tiger tanks of
1439:
German counter-attacks began around midnight and got into Éterville several times; on the hill, the 5th DCLI was forced back to the Caen–Évrecy road, after all its anti-tanks guns were destroyed and it suffered
6454:
1641:(AVRE) and Churchill Crocodile flame-thrower tanks. The Highlanders advanced from the north-east of Hill 112, south-westwards over the northern slope, towards the defences of the III Battalion, 21st
1193:
and prevent the transfer of German armoured units from the Anglo-Canadian front in the east to the American sector. Three infantry divisions supported by three armoured brigades, attacked behind a
4449:
3802:
5800:
3818:
1224:
had reached Caen. At dawn, the attackers met the rearguards of German units which were retreating across the Orne; Carpiquet airfield had fallen to the Canadians during the morning and by
1028:, supported by infantry, would advance through the captured ground and secure several villages to the west of the River Orne. It was hoped that the initial objectives could be captured by
1696:
self-propelled guns, losing four tanks on the ridge. The Highlanders maintained their positions for two days before being relieved by a battalion of the 53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division.
3741:
3713:
2857:
1507:
Several villages in the vicinity had been taken (although the British were pushed out of Éterville) and the Germans had been provoked into counter-attacking British penetrations. The
4145:
5779:
4458:
3279:
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1302:
The attacking brigades were to be supported by the divisional artilleries of the 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division, 11th Armoured Division, 15th (Scottish) Infantry Division and the
4761:
4124:
3433:
3058:
1716:
raided Etavaux with two companies moving along the railway close to the river, supported by a creeping barrage and tanks from the Sherbrooke Fusiliers on higher ground. Several
3774:
3720:
2906:
4231:
3727:
3343:
1558:
Division suffered 403 men killed, 1,263 men wounded and 470 missing in July; had 27 Panzer IV and 25 StuG III operational on 9 July; 17 Panzer IV and eight StuGs on 12 July.
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4117:
3564:
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3417:
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1025:
428:
224:
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The intent of the operation was to capture the bridges over the Orne near Feuguerolles to provide a bridgehead for the Second Army to attack over the open ground to
1228:
the British and Canadians had secured the north bank of the Orne. With the remaining bridges fortified or impassable and with German reserves close by, the British
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circumstances had made them unavoidable, despite congestion behind the British front line and the delays this caused in delivering supplies and reinforcements.
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with the 214th Infantry Brigade would exploit success by forming a bridgehead on the east side of the Orne but the use of troop-carriers was cancelled. The
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The British advance went well at first but fighting for Hill 112 took all day and Maltot changed hands several times. On 11 July, counter-attacks by the
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at first concentrated on Esquay, which had already been evacuated. The German counter-attack then fell on the positions around le Bon Repos, where two
5793:
4421:
2811:
2769:
1130:
were only able to capture and hold the hill with difficulty. Hill 112, at the end of a narrow salient, was held by the infantry of the 8th Battalion,
819:
5642:
3461:
3235:
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2864:
2675:
2367:. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. I (facs. repr. Naval & Military Press, Ukfield ed.). London:
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2871:
2783:
2719:
1282:
1112:
1104:
955:
1417:
After a preliminary bombardment the first battalions of the 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division reached Éterville and the north slope of Hill 112 by
1131:
1413:
Operation Jupiter began from the Odon bridgehead, which ran from Verson to Baron, after the 214th Brigade crossed the river during the night of
5971:
4740:
4252:
3102:
2640:
1634:
1221:
449:
5336:
4768:
4514:
4389:
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2581:
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2531:
2512:
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2475:
2456:
2437:
2418:
2399:
2376:
2346:
2327:
2308:
2289:
1422:
copses. The Germans stopped the British advance at the Caen–Évrecy road and below the crest on the flanks. In the evening the 5th Battalion,
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4027:
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3490:
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1198:
5484:
4948:
1423:
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4266:
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1729:
1630:
1494:
1351:
1278:
1036:
352:
245:
5562:
5018:
3249:
1828:
A silent attack was a stealthy infantry advance without artillery support until the defenders discovered that they were being attacked.
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5440:
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4684:
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297:
250:
20:
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1115:
1108:
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214:
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5924:
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5241:
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4180:
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3912:
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3035:
1638:
1290:
5200:
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6418:
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5211:
5036:
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4585:
3242:
3111:
3079:
1469:
1255:
1050:
993:
674:
255:
219:
5606:
5399:
4636:
3759:
6413:
6145:
5756:
5728:
4087:
3809:
3449:
3180:
2899:
2804:
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1303:
1259:
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433:
5700:
5631:
5456:
4670:
5909:
5816:
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4913:
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4273:
4034:
3825:
2878:
1709:
1217:
290:
6151:
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5890:
5786:
5161:
5122:
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3861:
3788:
3767:
3585:
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3026:
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981:
936:
733:
5917:
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3687:
3350:
2746:
2360:
977:
829:
208:
5651:
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3256:
1175:
panzer divisions facing them, despite German attempts to disengage panzer units from the east end of the bridgehead.
5147:
5066:
5011:
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4131:
4055:
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3834:
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3699:
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1315:
1307:
594:
6464:
6024:
5553:
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5087:
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3122:
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1587:
1069:
714:
655:
584:
373:
6449:
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5269:
4521:
4322:
4315:
3979:
3639:
3611:
3604:
3327:
2991:
2277:
1229:
1205:
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and broke out from the beachhead. The American objective was feasible, because they had only the equivalent of
1154:
1143:
1084:
further west. A stone memorial to the 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division was built on the hill in the late 1940s.
856:
851:
650:
621:
534:
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102 had 25 operational Tiger tanks when it went into action on 9 July, 14 on 11 July and ten a day later.
1508:
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1005:
861:
667:
609:
388:
366:
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2603:
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5329:
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5025:
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2505:
Gunners in Normandy: The History of the Royal Artillery in North-West Europe January 1942 to August 1944
1713:
1685:
1270:
1247:
1213:
908:
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638:
599:
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guns could not penetrate the frontal armour of a Panther or the armour of a Tiger from any direction.
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4103:
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3226:
3210:
3159:
1626:
1611:
1535:
1497:
1489:
1274:
1184:
1158:
901:
824:
787:
773:
700:
616:
345:
338:
176:
47:
6407:
6268:
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6127:
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4705:
4656:
4594:
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4110:
4013:
3734:
3389:
3320:
3187:
2388:
British Intelligence in the Second World War. Its influence on Strategy and Operations (abridged)
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239:
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to force the Germans back out. On 18 July, the 107th RAC skirmished with dug‑in Tigers and two
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2414:
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2304:
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1816:
1799:
further west; the 53rd (Welsh) Division occupied the feature with barely a fight on 4 August.
1688:
anti-tank guns. The Scottish were pushed back several times, only for the medium artillery of
1622:
1445:
1326:
1311:
1251:
1061:
929:
887:
880:
873:
693:
679:
483:
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359:
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188:
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Normandy 1944, German Military Organization, Combat Power and Organizational Effectiveness
1792:
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1103:
The first battle for Hill 112 was fought at the end of Operation Epsom, when the tanks of
1098:
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686:
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568:
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421:
407:
39:
282:
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1008:, Château de Fontaine-Étoupefour and to recapture Hill 112. An attached brigade of the
1001:
804:
476:
461:
456:
402:
383:
203:
171:
142:
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2488:(repr. Naval & Military Press, Uckfield ed.). Privately published. 2014 .
2356:
1704:
Operation Express was to jump-off from the village of Louvigny. The 5th Battalion,
1127:
1021:
234:
183:
156:
2430:
Operations of Eighth Corps: Account of Operations from Normandy to the River Rhine
1076:
occupied Hill 112 almost unopposed on 4 August, after the Germans withdrew during
1013:
6370:
6214:
6188:
5521:
5507:
5169:
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3005:
1819:
hit a Panther four times at 800 yd (730 m) and the shells bounced off.
1459:
1399:
1332:
519:
492:
19:
This article is about the 1944 Operation Jupiter in France. For other uses, see
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Red Crown & Dragon: 53rd Welsh Division in North-West Europe 1944–1945
6324:
3410:
3138:
794:
78:
2470:. Battleground Europe: Normandy (Pen & Sword ed.). Leo Cooper.
1068:
to a condition from which it never recovered. British operations of the
1791:(Welsh) Division. The Germans withdrew from Hill 112 in August, during
1465:
1149:
ordered a withdrawal from the hilltop. Montgomery intended to hold the
4020:
1017:
2390:. History of the Second World War (2nd rev. pbk. ed.). London:
2322:(pbk. repr. Stackpole ed.). Stoney Creek, Ont: Fortress Books.
1343:
were to operate over the German-occupied roads leading to the area.
1629:
of the 227th Infantry Brigade, supported by Churchill tanks of the
4208:
2526:(2nd rev. Casemate, Oxford ed.). Winnipeg: J. J. Fedorowicz.
1610:
1534:
1428:
1350:
1621:
The crossroads at le Bon Repos and the higher ground overlooking
2391:
2368:
1637:
and the 141st RAC of the 79th Armoured Division, with Churchill
1190:
1153:(approximately seven), on the British-Canadian front, while the
1032:
after which the 4th Armoured Brigade would exploit the success.
74:
5913:
2622:
2618:
286:
2432:. Staff, 8 Corps (MLRS ed.). London: St. Clements Press.
2256:
2254:
1553:
from 10 to 22 July. The 31st Tank Brigade lost 39 tanks, some
1107:
broke out from a bridgehead established by the 2nd Battalion,
2557:(pbk. Black Spring, London ed.). London: Jonathan Cape.
1142:
was arriving. Before the German reinforcements could attack,
984:
from 10 to 11 July 1944. The operation took place during the
1294:
129th Infantry Brigade guarded the right flank on Hill 112.
1189:
Operation Charnwood took place from 8 to 9 July, to capture
1122:. Hill 112 was an intermediate objective on the way to the
2598:
2301:
Monty's Men: The British Army and the Liberation of Europe
2133:
2131:
6455:
Land battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
2359:; Allen, G. R. G.; Warhurst, A. E.; Robb, James (2004) .
2614:
Transcription of The Story of 34 Armoured Brigade (1946)
2320:
The Brigade: The Fifth Canadian Infantry Brigade in WWII
1882:
1880:
1134:. Here they remained under shell and mortar fire until
1072:
conducted in the Odon valley continued in July and the
3280:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
2576:(pbk. Corgi, London ed.). London: Jonathan Cape.
1523:
anti-tank guns. British tank-mounted, medium-velocity
1126:
crossings but such was the German reaction, that the
1488:
Exploitation of a German retirement from Caen after
1138:
decryption of German radio traffic, showed that the
6348:
6312:
6261:
6224:
6167:
6102:
5952:
5641:
5369:
5210:
5035:
4794:
4646:
4584:
4488:
4479:
4360:
4086:
3996:
3844:
3547:
3538:
3296:
3121:
2974:
2736:
2729:
1475:, which had arrived in Normandy two days previous.
52:
Memorial to the 43rd (Wessex) Division on Hill 112.
2341:(repr. Thistle ed.). Brighton: Tom Donovan.
1314:and part of the 5th AGRA, the corps artillery of
2303:(2014 ed.). London: Yale University Press.
2507:(1st ed.). Cheltenham: The History Press.
1456:had made the defence of Hill 112 the priority (
32:
2411:Hill 112: Cornerstone of the Normandy Campaign
1946:
1934:
1922:
5925:
2634:
298:
8:
5940:Primary articles on the Battle of Normandy,
2282:British Armour in the Normandy Campaign 1944
1769:
1750:
1744:
1679:
1673:
1667:
1642:
1597:
1559:
1504:, with the opponents dug in on either side.
1457:
1449:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
6232:American logistics in the Normandy campaign
2365:Victory in the West: The Battle of Normandy
6429:Weather forecasting for Operation Overlord
6237:British logistics in the Normandy campaign
5932:
5918:
5910:
4485:
3544:
2733:
2641:
2627:
2619:
2284:(Routledge ed.). London: Frank Cass.
2098:
1653:on the higher ground just south of Baron.
305:
291:
283:
29:
6460:Battles of World War II involving Germany
2070:
1434:Topography of the area south-west of Caen
2260:
2233:
2221:
2197:
2185:
2161:
2149:
2137:
2122:
2030:
1859:
1847:
2555:From the City, from the Plough, a novel
2245:
2086:
2082:
2054:
2042:
2018:
2006:
1994:
1982:
1910:
1898:
1886:
1871:
1840:
1808:
1592:At dusk on 11 July, the 4th Battalion,
1306:. The medium and heavy guns of the 3rd
5972:American airborne landings in Normandy
4466:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
2449:Sons of the Reich: 2nd SS Panzer Corps
1391:10 in reserve with the Tiger tanks of
1222:59th (Staffordshire) Infantry Division
1197:and made gradual progress against the
5337:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
4769:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
4415:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
4371:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
3476:Rape during the occupation of Germany
2609:9th RTR in Operation Jupiter, 10 July
2574:Warriors for the Working Day, a novel
2066:
1970:
1958:
1385:22 between the hill and the Orne and
7:
4459:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
3491:Rape during the liberation of France
2209:
2173:
1625:were attacked by the 2nd Battalion,
1545:The 43rd (Wessex) Division suffered
1515:weapons or the German high-velocity
1132:Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own)
2110:
1631:107th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps
246:9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen
6025:Greenline, Pomegranate and Express
4685:German invasion of the Netherlands
2965:Weather events during World War II
2468:Hill 112: Battles of the Odon 1944
1749:Division and Tiger tanks from the
251:10th SS Panzer Division Frundsberg
21:Operation Jupiter (disambiguation)
16:1944 British offensive during WWII
14:
5316:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
2604:British Library map, Caen–Falaise
2503:Townend, W.; Baldwin, F. (2020).
1424:Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry
1116:15th (Scottish) Infantry Division
1113:227th (Highland) Infantry Brigade
1109:Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders
1010:15th (Scottish) Infantry Division
1000:) was to capture the villages of
429:Caen canal and Orne river bridges
215:15th (Scottish) Infantry Division
6001:Capture of Caen and Orne bridges
5876:
1639:Armoured Vehicle Royal Engineers
1291:46th (Highland) Infantry Brigade
233:
202:
182:
170:
149:
135:
46:
6419:People of Western Europe speech
6340:Military cemeteries in Normandy
1774:Division had been reduced from
1672:Regiment and tanks of the 10th
1663:schwere SS-Panzer Abteilung 102
1256:43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division
994:43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division
367:Taxable, Glimmer & Big Drum
256:102nd SS Heavy Panzer Battalion
220:43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division
6414:June 6, 1944, order of the day
5563:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
3273:Territorial changes of Germany
3181:Indonesian National Revolution
1607:Operation Greenline 15–17 July
1304:53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division
1074:53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division
1:
4963:Japanese invasion of Thailand
4914:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
4678:German invasion of Luxembourg
3059:Mediterranean and Middle East
2101:, pp. 300, 306–307, 153.
1775:
1722:
1710:5th Canadian Infantry Brigade
269:
6173:
6169:
4870:Invasion of the Soviet Union
4559:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
3877:Independent State of Croatia
2486:Story of 34 Armoured Brigade
1382:SS-Panzer-Grenadier-Regiment
1376:SS-Panzer-Grenadier-Regiment
1212:. By the end of the day the
6249:(Pipe-Line Under The Ocean)
5854:End of World War II in Asia
5694:Western invasion of Germany
5201:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
5178:Second Battle of El Alamein
4748:Hundred Regiments Offensive
4720:Battle of the Mediterranean
4573:Italian invasion of Albania
2747:Air warfare of World War II
2451:. Barnsley: Pen and Sword.
1752:schwere SS-Panzer Abteilung
1738:Operation Express began at
1561:schwere-SS Panzer Battailon
1471:schwere SS-Panzer Abteilung
1444:During the battle, General
1052:schwere-SS Panzer Bataillon
6486:
5780:Naval bombardment of Japan
5148:First Battle of El Alamein
5067:Battle of Christmas Island
5012:Japanese invasion of Burma
4776:Italian invasion of Greece
4692:German invasion of Belgium
4664:German invasion of Denmark
4637:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
4506:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
2770:Comparative military ranks
2413:. London: William Kimber.
1947:Townend & Baldwin 2020
1935:Townend & Baldwin 2020
1923:Townend & Baldwin 2020
1700:Operation Express, 22 July
1585:
1394:schwere SS-Panzerabteilung
1331:with two 15-inch guns and
1308:Army Group Royal Artillery
1182:
1096:
1024:and then the tanks of the
18:
6386:Allied forces in Normandy
5869:
5701:Bratislava–Brno offensive
5632:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
5256:Allied invasion of Sicily
5116:Aleutian Islands campaign
5088:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
5026:Greek famine of 1941–1944
4921:Second Battle of Changsha
4826:German invasion of Greece
4671:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
3013:North and Central Pacific
2656:
1656:Esquay was raided around
1588:Second Battle of the Odon
1366:Hill 112 was held by the
1070:Second Battle of the Odon
1020:and the ground up to the
374:Combined Bomber Offensive
326:
268:
263:
194:
163:
128:
56:
45:
37:
5293:Allied invasion of Italy
5270:Solomon Islands campaign
5019:Third Battle of Changsha
4616:First Battle of Changsha
4522:Second Sino-Japanese War
3462:German military brothels
3328:United States war crimes
2522:Zetterling, N. (2019) .
2428:Jackson, G. S. (2006) .
2386:Hinsley, F. H. (1994) .
1368:10th SS Panzer Division
1325:with nine 16-inch guns,
1199:12th SS Panzer Division
1044:10th SS Panzer Division
5715:Second Guangxi campaign
5570:Philippines (1944–1945)
5074:Battle of the Coral Sea
4977:Fall of the Philippines
4623:Battle of South Guangxi
4529:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
3935:Italian Social Republic
2337:Delaforce, P. (2015) .
1730:272nd Infantry Division
1594:Somerset Light Infantry
1358:28/32 cm Nebelwerfer 41
1037:9th SS Panzer Division
992:. The objective of the
273: 2,000 casualties
6366:D-Day naval deceptions
5300:Armistice of Cassibile
5102:Battle of Dutch Harbor
5053:Battle of the Java Sea
4956:Attack on Pearl Harbor
4856:Syria–Lebanon campaign
4849:Battle of South Shanxi
4819:Invasion of Yugoslavia
4602:Battle of the Atlantic
4216:Korean Liberation Army
3929:(until September 1943)
3886:(until September 1944)
3864:(until September 1944)
2466:Saunders, T. (2006) .
1770:
1751:
1745:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1643:
1618:
1598:
1560:
1542:
1509:9th SS Panzer Division
1458:
1450:
1436:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1375:
1363:
1283:79th Armoured Division
1277:of the 141st Regiment
1105:11th Armoured Division
836:Air and Sea operations
629:Anglo-Canadian Sector
508:Anglo-Canadian Sector
164:Commanders and leaders
5464:Second Battle of Guam
5360:Bengal famine of 1943
5330:Second Battle of Kiev
5286:Battle of the Dnieper
4991:Battle of Wake Island
4863:East African campaign
4805:Battle of South Henan
4450:atrocities by Germans
4223:Korean Volunteer Army
3204:Occupation of Germany
2958:Music in World War II
2447:Reynolds, M. (2009).
2299:Buckley, J. (2014) .
1714:2nd Canadian Division
1633:(107th RAC) from the
1614:
1577:Subsequent operations
1549:in the operation and
1538:
1432:
1354:
1281:(141st RAC) from the
1248:Bretteville-sur-Laize
1218:3rd Infantry Division
1214:3rd Canadian Division
868:Supporting operations
264:Casualties and losses
6136:(Canada, Poland, US)
6089:(Canada, Poland, UK)
6083:(Canada, Poland, UK)
5750:Surrender of Germany
5228:Battle of West Hubei
5185:Guadalcanal campaign
5155:Battle of Stalingrad
5081:Battle of Madagascar
3855:Albania protectorate
3642:(formerly Swaziland)
3351:Wehrmacht war crimes
3167:Expulsion of Germans
2951:Art and World War II
2849:British contribution
2798:Governments in exile
2572:Elstob, P. (1974) .
1726: 100 prisoners
1684:were knocked out by
1287:4th Armoured Brigade
1279:Royal Armoured Corps
1275:Churchill Crocodiles
1026:4th Armoured Brigade
320:(Battle of Normandy)
275:(43rd Division only)
225:4th Armoured Brigade
101:49.12361°N 0.46000°W
6397:Operation Bodyguard
6391:Liberation of Paris
5840:Potsdam Declaration
5729:Italy (Spring 1945)
5492:Liberation of Paris
4949:Siege of Sevastopol
3967:(until August 1944)
3870:Wang Jingwei regime
3692:from September 1943
3652:from September 1944
3590:from September 1944
3450:Romanian war crimes
3441:Persecution of Jews
3427:Croatian war crimes
3397:Japanese war crimes
3211:Occupation of Japan
3160:First Indochina War
2872:Military production
2784:Declarations of war
2409:How, J. J. (1984).
2263:, pp. 172–176.
2236:, pp. 170–172.
2224:, pp. 166–170.
2200:, pp. 165–166.
2188:, pp. 162–163.
2164:, pp. 160–162.
2152:, pp. 156–160.
2113:, pp. 212–213.
1973:, pp. 317–318.
1949:, pp. 318–319.
1937:, pp. 319–320.
1765:9:30 to 10:00 p.m.,
1627:Glasgow Highlanders
1490:Operation Charnwood
1448:, the commander of
1347:German dispositions
1273:and flame-throwing
1185:Operation Charnwood
1179:Operation Charnwood
1159:Battle of Cherbourg
1064:having reduced the
1006:Fontaine-Étoupefour
97: /
6424:Rommel's asparagus
6408:Operation Jedburgh
6253:Operation Chastity
5833:Surrender of Japan
5666:Battle of Iwo Jima
5515:Belgrade offensive
4928:Siege of Leningrad
4812:Battle of Shanggao
4741:British Somaliland
4706:Dunkirk evacuation
4657:Norwegian campaign
4595:Invasion of Poland
4422:Japanese prisoners
3390:Italian war crimes
3321:British war crimes
3236:Soviet occupations
3020:South-West Pacific
2907:Allied cooperation
2865:Military equipment
2318:Copp, T. (2007) .
1797:Operation Bluecoat
1706:Wiltshire Regiment
1675:SS-Panzer Regiment
1669:SS-Panzergrenadier
1644:SS-Panzergrenadier
1619:
1616:The XII Corps area
1599:SS Panzergrenadier
1543:
1540:The Éterville area
1495:Lieutenant-General
1437:
1388:SS-Panzer-Regiment
1364:
1147:Bernard Montgomery
1140:II SS Panzer Corps
1082:Operation Bluecoat
1066:II SS Panzer Corps
986:Battle of Normandy
663:Normandy massacres
552:Operation Chastity
316:Operation Overlord
240:II SS Panzer Corps
106:49.12361; -0.46000
6437:
6436:
6402:Operation Dragoon
6077:(UK 6th Airborne)
5907:
5906:
5865:
5864:
5708:Battle of Okinawa
5607:Burma (1944–1945)
5441:Mariana and Palau
5221:Tunisian campaign
5046:Fall of Singapore
4970:Fall of Hong Kong
4713:Battle of Britain
4566:Operation Himmler
4475:
4474:
4139:Dutch East Indies
3782:Southern Rhodesia
3534:
3533:
3434:Genocide of Serbs
3337:German war crimes
3314:Soviet war crimes
3307:Allied war crimes
3153:Division of Korea
3132:Chinese Civil War
2930:Strategic bombing
2842:Manhattan Project
2599:Hill 112 memorial
2583:978-0-552-09524-2
2564:978-0-948238-44-4
2533:978-1-61200-816-5
2514:978-0-7509-9044-8
2495:978-1-78331-101-9
2477:978-0-85052-737-7
2458:978-1-84884-000-3
2439:978-1-905696-25-3
2420:978-0-7183-0540-6
2401:978-0-11-630961-7
2378:978-1-84574-058-0
2348:978-1-910198-63-6
2329:978-0-8117-3422-6
2310:978-0-300-20534-3
2291:978-0-415-40773-1
2212:, pp. 60–62.
2057:, pp. 32–33.
2021:, pp. 92–93.
1985:, pp. 61–63.
1913:, pp. 30–31.
1874:, pp. 39–40.
1862:, pp. 46–50.
1850:, pp. 48–49.
1817:Royal Scots Greys
1779: 15,000 men
1635:34th Tank Brigade
1623:Esquay-Notre-Dame
1452:Panzergruppe West
1446:Heinrich Eberbach
1271:31st Tank Brigade
970:Operation Jupiter
964:
963:
820:Mantes-Gassicourt
484:Normandy landings
281:
280:
124:
123:
33:Operation Jupiter
6477:
6465:July 1944 events
6410:(France, UK, US)
6404:(France, UK, US)
6376:Hobart's Funnies
6330:Hillman Fortress
6242:Mulberry harbour
6175:
6171:
6168:Landing points (
6146:Merville Battery
6015:(Deception plan)
5934:
5927:
5920:
5911:
5900:
5893:
5886:
5883:World portal
5881:
5880:
5856:
5849:
5842:
5835:
5826:
5819:
5812:
5803:
5796:
5789:
5782:
5775:
5768:
5759:
5752:
5745:
5743:Prague offensive
5738:
5736:Battle of Berlin
5731:
5724:
5717:
5710:
5703:
5696:
5689:
5682:
5680:Vienna offensive
5675:
5668:
5661:
5659:Battle of Manila
5654:
5634:
5625:
5616:
5609:
5600:
5593:
5586:
5579:
5572:
5565:
5558:
5549:
5540:
5533:
5524:
5517:
5510:
5503:
5494:
5487:
5480:
5473:
5466:
5459:
5452:
5443:
5436:
5427:
5418:
5409:
5402:
5400:Korsun–Cherkassy
5395:
5384:
5362:
5353:
5346:
5339:
5332:
5325:
5318:
5311:
5302:
5295:
5288:
5281:
5272:
5265:
5258:
5251:
5244:
5242:Bombing of Gorky
5237:
5230:
5223:
5203:
5196:
5187:
5180:
5173:
5164:
5157:
5150:
5143:
5132:
5125:
5118:
5111:
5109:Battle of Midway
5104:
5097:
5095:Battle of Gazala
5090:
5083:
5076:
5069:
5062:
5055:
5048:
5028:
5021:
5014:
5007:
5005:Battle of Borneo
5000:
4998:Malayan campaign
4993:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4951:
4944:
4942:Bombing of Gorky
4937:
4935:Battle of Moscow
4930:
4923:
4916:
4909:
4902:
4895:
4879:
4872:
4865:
4858:
4851:
4844:
4835:
4828:
4821:
4814:
4807:
4787:
4778:
4771:
4764:
4757:
4750:
4743:
4736:
4729:
4722:
4715:
4708:
4701:
4699:Battle of France
4694:
4687:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4639:
4632:
4625:
4618:
4611:
4604:
4597:
4575:
4568:
4561:
4554:
4552:Munich Agreement
4547:
4540:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4508:
4501:
4486:
4468:
4461:
4452:
4445:
4438:
4437:Soviet prisoners
4431:
4424:
4417:
4408:
4401:
4392:
4385:
4378:
4377:German prisoners
4373:
4353:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4325:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4297:
4290:
4283:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4241:
4234:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4176:
4169:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4141:
4134:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4106:
4099:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4058:
4051:
4044:
4037:
4030:
4023:
4016:
4009:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3968:
3960:
3953:
3946:
3937:
3930:
3922:
3915:
3913:French Indochina
3908:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3857:
3837:
3828:
3821:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3763:
3760:from August 1944
3751:
3744:
3737:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3695:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3655:
3643:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3560:
3545:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3497:
3486:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3452:
3443:
3436:
3429:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3404:Nanjing Massacre
3399:
3392:
3383:
3381:Nuremberg trials
3374:
3367:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3330:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3222:
3213:
3206:
3199:
3192:
3183:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3114:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2985:Asia and Pacific
2967:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2916:
2914:Mulberry harbour
2909:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2756:
2749:
2734:
2722:
2715:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2620:
2587:
2568:
2537:
2518:
2499:
2481:
2462:
2443:
2424:
2405:
2382:
2361:Butler, J. R. M.
2352:
2333:
2314:
2295:
2264:
2258:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2141:
2135:
2126:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2102:
2096:
2090:
2080:
2074:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1908:
1902:
1896:
1890:
1884:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1829:
1826:
1820:
1813:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1766:
1754:
1748:
1741:
1735:
1732:, for a loss of
1727:
1724:
1695:
1683:
1677:
1671:
1659:
1651:
1646:
1601:
1563:
1556:
1552:
1551:7,000 casualties
1548:
1547:2,000 casualties
1526:
1522:
1518:
1498:Richard O'Connor
1463:
1455:
1443:
1420:
1416:
1396:
1390:
1384:
1379:21 on the hill,
1378:
1227:
1195:creeping barrage
1174:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1151:Panzer divisions
1031:
990:Second World War
595:La Haye-du-Puits
580:American Sector
488:American Sector
434:Merville Battery
414:Airborne assault
321:
317:
307:
300:
293:
284:
274:
271:
238:
237:
207:
206:
189:Wilhelm Bittrich
187:
186:
177:Richard O'Connor
175:
174:
159:
155:
153:
152:
141:
139:
138:
112:
111:
109:
108:
107:
102:
98:
95:
94:
93:
90:
58:
57:
50:
30:
6485:
6484:
6480:
6479:
6478:
6476:
6475:
6474:
6450:Battle for Caen
6440:
6439:
6438:
6433:
6344:
6308:
6289:Longues-sur-Mer
6257:
6220:
6163:
6152:Verrières Ridge
6098:
5991:(UK and Canada)
5948:
5938:
5908:
5903:
5896:
5889:
5875:
5873:
5861:
5852:
5845:
5838:
5831:
5822:
5815:
5808:
5799:
5794:Atomic bombings
5792:
5785:
5778:
5771:
5764:
5755:
5748:
5741:
5734:
5727:
5720:
5713:
5706:
5699:
5692:
5685:
5678:
5671:
5664:
5657:
5650:
5637:
5630:
5619:
5612:
5605:
5596:
5589:
5582:
5575:
5568:
5561:
5552:
5543:
5536:
5527:
5520:
5513:
5506:
5497:
5490:
5485:Eastern Romania
5483:
5478:Warsaw Uprising
5476:
5471:Tannenberg Line
5469:
5462:
5457:Western Ukraine
5455:
5446:
5439:
5430:
5421:
5412:
5405:
5398:
5387:
5378:
5365:
5358:
5349:
5342:
5335:
5328:
5321:
5314:
5307:
5298:
5291:
5284:
5275:
5268:
5261:
5254:
5249:Battle of Kursk
5247:
5240:
5233:
5226:
5219:
5206:
5199:
5190:
5183:
5176:
5167:
5160:
5153:
5146:
5137:
5128:
5121:
5114:
5107:
5100:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5072:
5065:
5060:St Nazaire Raid
5058:
5051:
5044:
5031:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4982:
4975:
4968:
4961:
4954:
4947:
4940:
4933:
4926:
4919:
4912:
4905:
4898:
4884:
4875:
4868:
4861:
4854:
4847:
4842:Anglo-Iraqi War
4840:
4833:Battle of Crete
4831:
4824:
4817:
4810:
4803:
4790:
4781:
4774:
4767:
4762:Eastern Romania
4760:
4753:
4746:
4739:
4732:
4725:
4718:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4683:
4676:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4642:
4635:
4628:
4621:
4614:
4607:
4600:
4593:
4580:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4536:
4527:
4520:
4513:
4504:
4497:
4471:
4464:
4457:
4448:
4441:
4436:
4427:
4420:
4413:
4404:
4397:
4388:
4381:
4376:
4369:
4356:
4349:
4340:
4333:
4328:
4323:Western Ukraine
4321:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4272:
4267:Northeast China
4265:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4237:
4230:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4165:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4082:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3973:Slovak Republic
3971:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3944:Empire of Japan
3942:
3933:
3925:
3918:
3911:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3860:
3853:
3840:
3833:
3824:
3817:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3766:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3646:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3596:
3584:
3577:
3570:
3563:
3556:
3530:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3489:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3456:Sexual violence
3455:
3448:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3379:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3326:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3271:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3225:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3186:
3179:
3174:Greek Civil War
3172:
3165:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3117:
3110:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2999:South-East Asia
2997:
2990:
2983:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2858:Military awards
2856:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2752:
2745:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2683:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2652:
2647:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2571:
2565:
2549:
2545:
2543:Further reading
2540:
2534:
2521:
2515:
2502:
2496:
2484:
2478:
2465:
2459:
2446:
2440:
2427:
2421:
2408:
2402:
2385:
2379:
2355:
2349:
2336:
2330:
2317:
2311:
2298:
2292:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2259:
2252:
2244:
2240:
2232:
2228:
2220:
2216:
2208:
2204:
2196:
2192:
2184:
2180:
2172:
2168:
2160:
2156:
2148:
2144:
2136:
2129:
2121:
2117:
2109:
2105:
2099:Zetterling 2019
2097:
2093:
2081:
2077:
2069:, p. 318;
2065:
2061:
2053:
2049:
2041:
2037:
2029:
2025:
2017:
2013:
2005:
2001:
1993:
1989:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1965:
1957:
1953:
1945:
1941:
1933:
1929:
1921:
1917:
1909:
1905:
1897:
1893:
1885:
1878:
1870:
1866:
1858:
1854:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1814:
1810:
1805:
1793:Operation Cobra
1787:
1782:
1778:
1764:
1739:
1734:108 casualties.
1733:
1725:
1702:
1693:
1657:
1649:
1617:
1609:
1590:
1584:
1579:
1570:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1533:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1486:
1481:
1442:240 casualties.
1441:
1435:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1362:
1349:
1341:Fighter-bombers
1300:
1267:Churchill tanks
1244:
1239:
1225:
1187:
1181:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1101:
1099:Operation Epsom
1095:
1093:Operation Epsom
1090:
1078:Operation Cobra
1029:
996:(Major-General
980:of the British
967:
966:
965:
960:
947:
734:Verrières Ridge
656:Le Mesnil-Patry
579:
577:Ground campaign
487:
450:American Sector
417:British Sector
416:
322:
319:
315:
313:
311:
276:
272:
232:
201:
181:
169:
150:
148:
147:
136:
134:
120:British victory
105:
103:
99:
96:
91:
88:
86:
84:
83:
82:
64:10–11 July 1944
51:
40:Battle for Caen
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6483:
6481:
6473:
6472:
6470:1944 in France
6467:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6442:
6441:
6435:
6434:
6432:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6405:
6399:
6394:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6352:
6350:
6346:
6345:
6343:
6342:
6337:
6335:Pegasus Bridge
6332:
6327:
6322:
6320:Falaise pocket
6316:
6314:
6310:
6309:
6307:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6271:
6265:
6263:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6228:
6226:
6222:
6221:
6219:
6218:
6212:
6206:
6200:
6199:
6198:
6186:
6179:
6177:
6165:
6164:
6162:
6161:
6158:Villers-Bocage
6155:
6149:
6143:
6137:
6131:
6125:
6119:
6113:
6106:
6104:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6096:
6090:
6084:
6078:
6072:
6066:
6060:
6054:
6048:
6042:
6034:
6028:
6022:
6016:
6010:
6004:
5998:
5992:
5986:
5980:
5974:
5969:
5968:(assault plan)
5963:
5962:(overall plan)
5956:
5954:
5950:
5949:
5939:
5937:
5936:
5929:
5922:
5914:
5905:
5904:
5902:
5901:
5894:
5887:
5870:
5867:
5866:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5859:
5858:
5857:
5850:
5843:
5829:
5828:
5827:
5813:
5810:South Sakhalin
5806:
5805:
5804:
5790:
5783:
5776:
5769:
5762:
5761:
5760:
5746:
5739:
5732:
5725:
5718:
5711:
5704:
5697:
5690:
5683:
5676:
5669:
5662:
5655:
5647:
5645:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5635:
5628:
5627:
5626:
5610:
5603:
5602:
5601:
5587:
5580:
5573:
5566:
5559:
5550:
5541:
5534:
5525:
5518:
5511:
5504:
5495:
5488:
5481:
5474:
5467:
5460:
5453:
5444:
5437:
5428:
5419:
5410:
5403:
5396:
5385:
5375:
5373:
5367:
5366:
5364:
5363:
5356:
5355:
5354:
5347:
5333:
5326:
5319:
5312:
5305:
5304:
5303:
5289:
5282:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5238:
5235:Battle of Attu
5231:
5224:
5216:
5214:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5204:
5197:
5188:
5181:
5174:
5165:
5158:
5151:
5144:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5126:
5112:
5105:
5098:
5091:
5084:
5077:
5070:
5063:
5056:
5049:
5041:
5039:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5022:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4994:
4987:
4984:Battle of Guam
4980:
4973:
4966:
4959:
4952:
4945:
4938:
4931:
4924:
4917:
4910:
4907:Battle of Kiev
4903:
4896:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4866:
4859:
4852:
4845:
4838:
4837:
4836:
4822:
4815:
4808:
4800:
4798:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4788:
4779:
4772:
4765:
4758:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4730:
4723:
4716:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4660:
4652:
4650:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4633:
4626:
4619:
4612:
4605:
4598:
4590:
4588:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4578:
4577:
4576:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4525:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4494:
4492:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4462:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4446:
4434:
4433:
4432:
4418:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4406:United Kingdom
4402:
4395:
4394:
4393:
4374:
4366:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4338:
4326:
4319:
4312:
4305:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4219:
4205:
4198:
4191:
4184:
4177:
4170:
4163:
4156:
4149:
4142:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4107:
4100:
4092:
4090:
4084:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4059:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4002:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3888:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3858:
3850:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3810:British Empire
3803:United Kingdom
3799:
3792:
3785:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3724:
3717:
3710:
3703:
3696:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3644:
3636:
3629:
3622:
3619:Czechoslovakia
3615:
3608:
3601:
3594:
3582:
3575:
3568:
3561:
3553:
3551:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3519:
3516:Rape of Manila
3512:
3505:
3498:
3487:
3472:
3465:
3453:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3437:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3393:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3368:
3354:
3347:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3302:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3287:United Nations
3283:
3276:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3232:
3223:
3214:
3207:
3200:
3193:
3184:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3146:Decolonization
3142:
3135:
3127:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3092:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3046:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2980:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2910:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2861:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2838:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2822:
2819:United Kingdom
2815:
2801:
2794:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2742:
2740:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2665:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2638:
2631:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2594:
2593:External links
2591:
2589:
2588:
2582:
2569:
2563:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2532:
2519:
2513:
2500:
2494:
2482:
2476:
2463:
2457:
2444:
2438:
2425:
2419:
2406:
2400:
2383:
2377:
2353:
2347:
2334:
2328:
2315:
2309:
2296:
2290:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2250:
2248:, p. 147.
2238:
2226:
2214:
2202:
2190:
2178:
2166:
2154:
2142:
2140:, p. 156.
2127:
2125:, p. 184.
2115:
2103:
2091:
2085:, p. 32;
2075:
2071:Delaforce 2015
2059:
2047:
2035:
2023:
2011:
1999:
1987:
1975:
1963:
1961:, p. 317.
1951:
1939:
1927:
1925:, p. 317.
1915:
1903:
1901:, p. 498.
1891:
1889:, p. 495.
1876:
1864:
1852:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1821:
1815:A tank of the
1807:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1701:
1698:
1615:
1608:
1605:
1586:Main article:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1539:
1532:
1529:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1433:
1410:
1407:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1338:Hawker Typhoon
1299:
1298:Artillery plan
1296:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1216:, the British
1210:Field Division
1183:Main article:
1180:
1177:
1157:continued the
1097:Main article:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1002:Baron-sur-Odon
962:
961:
959:
958:
946:
945:
934:
927:
920:
913:
906:
899:
892:
885:
878:
865:
864:
859:
857:Pierres Noires
854:
849:
844:
833:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
785:
778:
777:
776:
764:
757:
750:
737:
736:
731:
724:
717:
712:
705:
698:
691:
684:
677:
672:
671:
670:
660:
659:
658:
653:
651:Villers-Bocage
641:
636:
627:
626:
625:
624:
614:
613:
612:
602:
597:
592:
587:
585:Brécourt Manor
574:
573:
572:
571:
566:
556:
555:
554:
538:
537:
535:Port-en-Bessin
532:
527:
522:
517:
506:
505:
500:
495:
480:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
446:
445:
438:
437:
436:
431:
411:
410:
405:
400:
393:
386:
384:Transport Plan
381:
376:
371:
370:
369:
364:
357:
350:
336:
327:
324:
323:
312:
310:
309:
302:
295:
287:
279:
278:
266:
265:
261:
260:
259:
258:
253:
248:
229:
228:
227:
222:
217:
197:
196:
195:Units involved
192:
191:
179:
166:
165:
161:
160:
145:
143:United Kingdom
131:
130:
126:
125:
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
72:
70:
66:
65:
62:
54:
53:
43:
42:
35:
34:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6482:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6447:
6445:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6409:
6406:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6356:Atlantic Wall
6354:
6353:
6351:
6347:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6311:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6266:
6264:
6262:Gun batteries
6260:
6254:
6251:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6223:
6216:
6213:
6210:
6207:
6204:
6201:
6196:
6195:Pointe du Hoc
6193:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6184:
6181:
6180:
6178:
6166:
6159:
6156:
6153:
6150:
6147:
6144:
6141:
6138:
6135:
6132:
6129:
6126:
6123:
6120:
6117:
6114:
6111:
6108:
6107:
6105:
6101:
6094:
6091:
6088:
6085:
6082:
6079:
6076:
6073:
6070:
6067:
6064:
6061:
6058:
6055:
6052:
6049:
6046:
6043:
6040:
6039:
6035:
6032:
6029:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6011:
6008:
6005:
6002:
5999:
5996:
5993:
5990:
5987:
5984:
5981:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5967:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5955:
5951:
5947:
5943:
5942:Western Front
5935:
5930:
5928:
5923:
5921:
5916:
5915:
5912:
5899:
5895:
5892:
5888:
5885:
5884:
5879:
5872:
5871:
5868:
5855:
5851:
5848:
5844:
5841:
5837:
5836:
5834:
5830:
5825:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5817:Kuril Islands
5814:
5811:
5807:
5802:
5798:
5797:
5795:
5791:
5788:
5784:
5781:
5777:
5774:
5770:
5767:
5763:
5758:
5754:
5753:
5751:
5747:
5744:
5740:
5737:
5733:
5730:
5726:
5723:
5719:
5716:
5712:
5709:
5705:
5702:
5698:
5695:
5691:
5688:
5684:
5681:
5677:
5674:
5670:
5667:
5663:
5660:
5656:
5653:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5644:
5640:
5633:
5629:
5624:
5623:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5611:
5608:
5604:
5599:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5588:
5585:
5584:Syrmian Front
5581:
5578:
5574:
5571:
5567:
5564:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5551:
5548:
5547:
5542:
5539:
5535:
5532:
5531:
5530:Market Garden
5526:
5523:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5509:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5493:
5489:
5486:
5482:
5479:
5475:
5472:
5468:
5465:
5461:
5458:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5445:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5420:
5417:
5416:
5411:
5408:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5390:
5389:Monte Cassino
5386:
5383:
5382:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5372:
5368:
5361:
5357:
5352:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5334:
5331:
5327:
5324:
5320:
5317:
5313:
5310:
5306:
5301:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5290:
5287:
5283:
5280:
5279:
5274:
5271:
5267:
5264:
5260:
5257:
5253:
5250:
5246:
5243:
5239:
5236:
5232:
5229:
5225:
5222:
5218:
5217:
5215:
5213:
5209:
5202:
5198:
5195:
5194:
5189:
5186:
5182:
5179:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5166:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5152:
5149:
5145:
5142:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5127:
5124:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5113:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5099:
5096:
5092:
5089:
5085:
5082:
5078:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5064:
5061:
5057:
5054:
5050:
5047:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5038:
5034:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5016:
5013:
5009:
5006:
5002:
4999:
4995:
4992:
4988:
4985:
4981:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4967:
4964:
4960:
4957:
4953:
4950:
4946:
4943:
4939:
4936:
4932:
4929:
4925:
4922:
4918:
4915:
4911:
4908:
4904:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4892:
4887:
4883:
4878:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4867:
4864:
4860:
4857:
4853:
4850:
4846:
4843:
4839:
4834:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4823:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4797:
4793:
4786:
4785:
4780:
4777:
4773:
4770:
4766:
4763:
4759:
4756:
4755:Baltic states
4752:
4749:
4745:
4742:
4738:
4735:
4731:
4728:
4724:
4721:
4717:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4689:
4686:
4682:
4679:
4675:
4672:
4668:
4665:
4661:
4658:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4649:
4645:
4638:
4634:
4631:
4627:
4624:
4620:
4617:
4613:
4610:
4606:
4603:
4599:
4596:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4587:
4583:
4574:
4570:
4567:
4563:
4560:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4530:
4526:
4523:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4507:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4491:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4467:
4463:
4460:
4456:
4451:
4447:
4444:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4430:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4419:
4416:
4412:
4407:
4403:
4400:
4399:United States
4396:
4391:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4372:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4363:
4359:
4352:
4348:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4335:Quốc dân Đảng
4332:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4313:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4299:
4296:
4292:
4289:
4285:
4282:
4278:
4275:
4271:
4268:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4250:
4247:
4243:
4240:
4236:
4233:
4229:
4224:
4220:
4217:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4203:
4199:
4196:
4192:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4178:
4175:
4171:
4168:
4164:
4161:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4115:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4035:Liechtenstein
4032:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4015:
4011:
4008:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3948:
3945:
3941:
3936:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3924:
3921:
3917:
3914:
3910:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3896:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3874:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3856:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3836:
3832:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3819:United States
3816:
3811:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3718:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3682:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3623:
3620:
3616:
3613:
3609:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3580:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3509:Comfort women
3506:
3503:
3499:
3496:
3493: /
3492:
3488:
3485:
3482: /
3481:
3478: /
3477:
3473:
3470:
3469:Camp brothels
3466:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3447:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3382:
3378:
3373:
3369:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:The Holocaust
3355:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3344:forced labour
3341:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3329:
3325:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3288:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3274:
3270:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3254:
3251:
3247:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3201:
3198:
3197:Marshall Plan
3194:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3113:
3109:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3070:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3050:Eastern Front
3047:
3044:
3043:Western Front
3040:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3028:
3024:
3021:
3017:
3014:
3010:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2941:
2938:
2937:Puppet states
2934:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2879:Naval history
2876:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2832:
2827:
2826:United States
2823:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2767:
2764:
2760:
2755:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2728:
2721:
2717:
2714:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2644:
2639:
2637:
2632:
2630:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2585:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2535:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2450:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2325:
2321:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2262:
2261:Saunders 2006
2257:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2234:Saunders 2006
2230:
2227:
2223:
2222:Saunders 2006
2218:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2198:Saunders 2006
2194:
2191:
2187:
2186:Saunders 2006
2182:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2167:
2163:
2162:Saunders 2006
2158:
2155:
2151:
2150:Saunders 2006
2146:
2143:
2139:
2138:Saunders 2006
2134:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2123:Saunders 2006
2119:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2092:
2089:, p. 92.
2088:
2084:
2079:
2076:
2073:, p. 70.
2072:
2068:
2063:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2048:
2045:, p. 92.
2044:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2031:Saunders 2006
2027:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2012:
2009:, p. 32.
2008:
2003:
2000:
1997:, p. 33.
1996:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1860:Reynolds 2009
1856:
1853:
1849:
1848:Reynolds 2009
1844:
1841:
1835:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1788:400 prisoners
1772:
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1757:
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1731:
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1600:
1595:
1589:
1581:
1576:
1574:
1568:Commemoration
1567:
1565:
1562:
1537:
1530:
1528:
1514:
1513:hollow-charge
1510:
1505:
1503:
1502:no-man's-land
1499:
1496:
1491:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1467:
1462:
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1454:
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1297:
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1292:
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1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1260:Major-General
1257:
1253:
1249:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1178:
1176:
1160:
1156:
1155:First US Army
1152:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1110:
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1092:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
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1067:
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1059:
1055:
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983:
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928:
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921:
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869:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
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831:
828:
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816:
813:
811:
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801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
790:
786:
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779:
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772:
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770:
769:
765:
763:
762:
758:
756:
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749:
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742:
741:
735:
732:
730:
729:
725:
723:
722:
718:
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704:
703:
699:
697:
696:
692:
690:
689:
685:
683:
682:
678:
676:
673:
669:
668:Ardenne Abbey
666:
665:
664:
661:
657:
654:
652:
649:
648:
647:
646:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
630:
623:
620:
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611:
608:
607:
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561:
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536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
515:
511:
510:
509:
504:
503:Pointe du Hoc
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
490:
489:
486:
485:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
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451:
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439:
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427:
426:
425:
424:
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419:
418:
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409:
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391:
387:
385:
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368:
365:
363:
362:
358:
356:
355:
351:
349:
348:
344:
343:
342:
341:
337:
335:
334:Atlantic Wall
332:
331:
330:
325:
318:
308:
303:
301:
296:
294:
289:
288:
285:
267:
262:
257:
254:
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249:
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244:
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242:
241:
236:
230:
226:
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185:
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168:
167:
162:
158:
146:
144:
133:
132:
127:
119:
116:
115:
110:
80:
76:
71:
68:
67:
63:
60:
59:
55:
49:
44:
41:
36:
31:
26:
22:
6313:Other places
6124:(UK, Canada)
6037:
6030:
5946:World War II
5891:Bibliography
5874:
5687:Project Hula
5652:Vistula–Oder
5621:
5554:
5545:
5529:
5499:
5448:
5432:
5423:
5414:
5380:
5277:
5192:
5168:
5138:
4889:
4782:
4727:North Africa
4429:Soviet Union
4383:Soviet Union
4309:Soviet Union
4077:Vatican City
3987:Vichy France
3892:German Reich
3789:Soviet Union
3775:South Africa
3768:Sierra Leone
3721:Newfoundland
3540:Participants
3523:Marocchinate
3227:
3218:
3188:
3066:North Africa
3027:Indian Ocean
2886:Nazi plunder
2777:Cryptography
2650:World War II
2573:
2554:
2551:Baron, J. A.
2523:
2504:
2485:
2467:
2448:
2429:
2410:
2387:
2364:
2357:Ellis, L. F.
2338:
2319:
2300:
2281:
2246:Buckley 2014
2241:
2229:
2217:
2205:
2193:
2181:
2169:
2157:
2145:
2118:
2106:
2094:
2087:Buckley 2014
2083:Buckley 2006
2078:
2062:
2055:Buckley 2006
2050:
2043:Buckley 2014
2038:
2033:, p. 7.
2026:
2019:Buckley 2014
2014:
2007:Buckley 2006
2002:
1995:Buckley 2006
1990:
1983:Jackson 2006
1978:
1966:
1954:
1942:
1930:
1918:
1911:Buckley 2006
1906:
1899:Hinsley 1994
1894:
1887:Hinsley 1994
1872:Jackson 2006
1867:
1855:
1843:
1824:
1811:
1762:
1758:
1737:
1703:
1662:
1655:
1620:
1591:
1571:
1544:
1506:
1487:
1470:
1438:
1412:
1400:
1369:
1365:
1356:
1327:
1321:
1301:
1245:
1242:British plan
1207:
1201:Hitlerjugend
1200:
1188:
1128:23rd Hussars
1120:Tourmauville
1102:
1051:
1045:
1039:Hohenstaufen
1038:
1034:
969:
968:
949:
948:
941:
937:
930:
923:
916:
909:
902:
895:
888:
881:
874:
867:
866:
862:Audierne Bay
835:
834:
788:
781:
767:
760:
753:
746:
739:
738:
727:
720:
708:
707:
701:
694:
687:
680:
644:
628:
576:
575:
540:
539:
513:
507:
482:
481:
448:
447:
441:
422:
413:
412:
396:
390:Postage Able
389:
360:
353:
346:
339:
328:
231:
200:
129:Belligerents
38:Part of the
25:
6371:Dieppe Raid
6304:Mont Canisy
5622:Bodenplatte
5508:Gothic Line
4734:West Africa
4281:Philippines
4260:Netherlands
4125:Czech lands
4063:Switzerland
4007:Afghanistan
3958:Philippines
3826:Puerto Rico
3742:Philippines
3728:New Zealand
3714:Netherlands
3667:Free France
3418:Prosecution
3219:Osoaviakhim
3089:West Africa
3073:East Africa
2720:Conferences
2278:Buckley, J.
1555:25 per cent
1466:Tiger tanks
1460:Schwerpunkt
1333:HMS Belfast
1263:Ivor Thomas
1012:would take
998:Ivor Thomas
982:Second Army
910:Houndsworth
830:La Rochelle
104: /
6444:Categories
6381:Rhino tank
6269:Amfreville
5953:Operations
5722:West Hunan
5555:Pointblank
4891:Silver Fox
4877:Summer War
4630:Winter War
4609:Phoney War
4390:Azerbaijan
4351:Yugoslavia
4246:Luxembourg
4088:Resistance
3835:Yugoslavia
3700:Luxembourg
3502:Sook Ching
3298:War crimes
2900:Technology
2893:Opposition
2835:Lend-Lease
2812:Australian
2805:Home front
2763:Blitzkrieg
2713:Casualties
2704:Commanders
2676:Operations
2270:References
2067:Ellis 2004
1971:Ellis 2004
1959:Ellis 2004
1658:11:00 p.m.
1531:Casualties
1370:Frundsberg
1226:6:00 p.m.,
1124:River Orne
1111:, part of
1088:Background
1046:Frundsberg
1030:9:00 a.m.,
1022:River Orne
978:VIII Corps
956:Cemeteries
810:Saint-Malo
379:Pointblank
209:VIII Corps
6225:Logistics
6140:Cherbourg
6087:Tractable
6013:Fortitude
5989:Charnwood
5787:Manchuria
5673:Indochina
5449:Bagration
4900:Lithuania
4545:Anschluss
4342:Viet Minh
4239:Lithuania
4181:Hong Kong
3951:Manchukuo
3906:Azad Hind
3565:Australia
3365:Aftermath
3228:Paperclip
3123:Aftermath
2923:Total war
2791:Diplomacy
2754:In Europe
2553:(2010) .
2280:(2006) .
2210:Copp 2007
2174:Anon 1946
1836:Footnotes
1783:2,289 and
1771:SS-Panzer
1746:SS-Panzer
1743:the 10th
1740:5:30 p.m.
1728:from the
1690:XII Corps
1686:6-pounder
1681:Panzer IV
1650:9:30 p.m.
1479:Aftermath
1419:8:00 a.m.
1415:8/9 July.
1361:in France
1320:HMS
1316:XXX Corps
1208:Luftwaffe
1062:attrition
1014:Éterville
974:offensive
950:Aftermath
903:Bulbasket
852:Cherbourg
789:Tractable
702:Charnwood
617:Cherbourg
541:Logistics
347:Fortitude
340:Bodyguard
92:0°27′36″W
89:49°7′25″N
6393:(France)
6349:See also
6325:Hill 262
6299:Merville
6284:Houlgate
6279:Crisbecq
6274:Azeville
6211:(Canada)
6154:(Canada)
6134:Chambois
6128:Carentan
6116:Bréville
6095:(Canada)
6081:Totalize
6065:(Canada)
6041:(German)
6019:Goodwood
5983:Bluecoat
5979:(Canada)
5977:Atlantic
5960:Overlord
5898:Category
5847:document
5757:document
5614:Ardennes
5598:Budapest
5546:Crossbow
5424:Overlord
5263:Smolensk
4481:Timeline
4316:Slovakia
4302:Thailand
4153:Ethiopia
4118:Bulgaria
4042:Portugal
3980:Thailand
3862:Bulgaria
3640:Eswatini
3633:Ethiopia
3586:Bulgaria
3411:Unit 731
3372:Response
3189:Keelhaul
3139:Cold War
3112:Americas
3103:timeline
3096:Atlantic
2976:Theaters
2111:How 1984
1718:Canadian
1484:Analysis
1312:8th AGRA
1310:(AGRA),
1220:and the
1204:and the
1049:and the
924:Jedburgh
847:La Caine
800:Chambois
795:Hill 262
774:Hill 140
768:Totalize
761:Bluecoat
740:Breakout
728:Goodwood
721:Atlantic
715:2nd Odon
639:Bréville
605:Carentan
600:Saint-Lô
590:Graignes
564:Mulberry
547:American
397:Tarbrush
354:Zeppelin
277:58 tanks
81:, France
79:Normandy
73:West of
69:Location
6103:Battles
6093:Windsor
6069:Titanic
6051:Martlet
6045:Mallard
6038:Lüttich
6031:Jupiter
5966:Neptune
5824:Shumshu
5591:Hungary
5538:Estonia
5522:Lapland
5500:Dragoon
5433:Neptune
5415:Ichi-Go
5381:Tempest
5323:Changde
5278:Cottage
5170:Jubilee
4886:Finland
4784:Compass
4490:Prelude
4443:Finland
4329:Vietnam
4295:Romania
4167:Germany
4146:Estonia
4132:Denmark
4111:Belgium
4104:Austria
4097:Albania
4028:Ireland
4014:Andorra
3998:Neutral
3965:Romania
3899:Hungary
3884:Finland
3756:Romania
3648:Finland
3626:Denmark
3572:Belgium
3558:Algeria
3264:Romania
3250:Hungary
3006:Pacific
2730:General
2684:Leaders
2669:Battles
2662:Outline
2363:(ed.).
1582:11 July
1328:Roberts
1269:of the
1252:Falaise
1237:Prelude
1230:I Corps
1170:⁄
1144:General
988:in the
972:was an
938:Wallace
931:Dragoon
889:Titanic
882:Samwest
875:Dingson
805:Falaise
782:Lüttich
709:Jupiter
695:Windsor
681:Martlet
675:Douvres
610:Hill 30
559:British
472:Detroit
467:Chicago
442:Mallard
361:Titanic
329:Prelude
157:Germany
6063:Spring
5801:Debate
5773:Taipei
5766:Borneo
5344:Tarawa
4538:Europe
4499:Africa
4288:Poland
4274:Norway
4253:Malaya
4232:Latvia
4174:Greece
4160:France
4056:Sweden
4021:Bhutan
3749:Poland
3735:Norway
3707:Mexico
3674:Greece
3660:France
3598:Canada
3579:Brazil
3549:Allies
3495:Serbia
3484:Poland
3257:Poland
3243:Baltic
3036:Europe
2738:Topics
2690:Allied
2580:
2561:
2530:
2511:
2492:
2474:
2455:
2436:
2417:
2398:
2375:
2345:
2326:
2307:
2288:
1409:Battle
1401:Werfer
1322:Rodney
1285:. The
1254:. The
1058:Allies
1018:Maltot
940:&
917:Loyton
896:Cooney
842:Ushant
754:Spring
514:Gambit
477:Elmira
462:Boston
457:Albany
408:Fabius
154:
140:
117:Result
6361:D-Day
6294:Maisy
6247:Pluto
6215:Sword
6191:(US)
6189:Omaha
6110:Brest
6075:Tonga
6057:Perch
6007:Epsom
5995:Cobra
5577:Leyte
5407:Narva
5393:Anzio
5351:Makin
5309:Burma
5193:Torch
5162:Rzhev
5123:Kiska
4209:Korea
4195:Japan
4188:Italy
4070:Tibet
4049:Spain
3927:Italy
3688:Italy
3681:India
3605:China
3480:Japan
3080:Italy
2992:China
2944:Women
1803:Notes
1763:From
1694:88 mm
1525:75 mm
1521:88 mm
1517:75 mm
1373:with
1206:16th
1136:Ultra
1118:, at
942:Hardy
825:Paris
815:Brest
747:Cobra
688:Epsom
645:Perch
622:Naval
569:Pluto
520:Sword
493:Omaha
423:Tonga
403:Tiger
6217:(UK)
6209:Juno
6205:(UK)
6203:Gold
6197:(US)
6185:(US)
6183:Utah
6160:(UK)
6148:(UK)
6142:(US)
6130:(US)
6122:Caen
6118:(UK)
6112:(US)
6071:(UK)
6059:(UK)
6053:(UK)
6047:(UK)
6033:(UK)
6027:(UK)
6021:(UK)
6009:(UK)
6003:(UK)
5997:(US)
5985:(UK)
5643:1945
5371:1944
5212:1943
5140:Blue
5130:Attu
5037:1942
4796:1941
4648:1940
4586:1939
4515:Asia
4362:POWs
4202:Jews
3920:Iraq
3846:Axis
3796:Tuva
3612:Cuba
2697:Axis
2578:ISBN
2559:ISBN
2528:ISBN
2509:ISBN
2490:ISBN
2472:ISBN
2453:ISBN
2434:ISBN
2415:ISBN
2396:ISBN
2392:HMSO
2373:ISBN
2369:HMSO
2343:ISBN
2324:ISBN
2305:ISBN
2286:ISBN
1795:and
1519:and
1250:and
1191:Caen
1080:and
634:Caen
530:Gold
525:Juno
498:Utah
75:Caen
61:Date
1781:to
1473:102
1468:of
1054:102
976:by
6446::
5944:,
5391:/
2394:.
2371:.
2253:^
2130:^
1879:^
1776:c.
1723:c.
1712:,
1060:,
1042:,
1016:,
1004:,
270:c.
77:,
6176:)
6174:E
6172:→
6170:W
5933:e
5926:t
5919:v
4894:)
4888:(
3762:)
3758:(
3694:)
3690:(
3654:)
3650:(
3592:)
3588:(
2642:e
2635:t
2628:v
2586:.
2567:.
2536:.
2517:.
2498:.
2480:.
2461:.
2442:.
2423:.
2404:.
2381:.
2351:.
2332:.
2313:.
2294:.
2176:.
1258:(
1172:2
1168:1
1165:+
1163:1
306:e
299:t
292:v
23:.
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