252:
636:, p. 106: "Fréquemment assimilés aux Hilotes étaient surtout les Pénestes de Thessalie. Comme eux, ils passaient pour les descendants d'une population locale d'origine achéenne (de même que les Magnètes et les Perrhèbes voisins) vaincue vers la fin du II millénaire par une tribu grecque nord-occidentale venue de Thesprotie près de l'Épire : bien que les Anciens aient pensé que le terme péneste dérivait soit de l'adjectif
35:
573:, p. 158: "Pelagones in the region of Prilep, the Lyncestae in the region of Florina, the Orestae in the region of Kastoria, and the Elimeotae in the region of Kozani. These tribes were all Epirotic tribes and they talked the Greek language but with a different dialect, the Northwest Greek dialect, as we know now from the local questions which were put to the god of Dodona."
521:, p. 266: "On crossing the Balkan chain, we find that Hecataeus called the Orestae 'a Molossian tribe' (F 107), and Strabo (434; cf. 326) probably derived from Hecataeus his belief that the Elimeotae, Lyncestae, and Pelagones, as well as the Orestae, were Epirotic or rather Molossian tribes before their incorporation by the Macedones into the Macedonian kingdom."
284:-Poloskë valley to the east of the pass was part of Orestia. Papazoglou adds that the mountains of Morava (between Korcë plain and Poloskë basin) and Grammos probably formed the border with Dassaretia and Parauaia. Karamitrou-Mentesidi is in favour of an excessive western expansion on lake Maliq and the region of today's
341:
Orestis, like the rest of Upper
Macedonia, was characterized by cold winters with rainfalls that were very heavy, and hot summers. In this region life was hard and mainly a matter of survival. According to the season of the year, the mostly nomadic pastoralist people of the area moved their flocks of
263:
There is an overall agreement only for the eastern borders of the region, while about the rest of the
Orestis' border areas there is some disagreement in scholarship. For Hammond, Orestis to the southeast ended after the point where the Pramoritsa flows into the Haliacmon (near
337:
Orestis was among the regions of Upper
Macedonia where the inhabitants were tribal peoples, who gave their name to the territory which was under their control, or alternatively who took their name from that territory. The tribal people that inhabited Orestis were the Orestae.
288:. In general modern scholarship agrees on the western border of Orestis being found slightly west from the modern Greek-Albanian border. The northern boundary of Orestis corresponded to the southern shore of Small Prespa Lake.
354:
findings (both imported and locally made) from the late Bronze Age have been unearthed from various tombs in the region of
Orestis. These include pottery, weapons, pins, brooches, as well as
361:
Appian and Hesiod mention about the origins of the Argead dynasty of the
Macedonian royal house that they were descendants of Argeas from Orestis, the later being son of the eponymous
644:
signifiant «rester», on le rattache plutôt aujourd'hui au nom d'une tribu illyrienne qui, avec celles des
Lyncestes et des Orestes (comportant le même suffixe
330:
to the west. Orestis formed the western border of Upper
Macedonia, and Illyrians beyond this district constituted a persistent menace to the stability of the
957:, 33.34.5: "To the Orestae — that is a tribe of the Macedonians — their own laws were restored, because they had been the first to revolt against the king."
1139:
Hammond, Nicholas
Geoffrey Lemprière (1982). "CHAPTER 40 ILLYRIS, EPIRUS AND MACEDONIA". In Boardman, John; Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (eds.).
430:
possibly seeking protection from
Illyrian tribes but also due to the expansion of Macedon. Like most of Upper Macedonia, Orestis only became part of
458:
1610:
1635:
1564:
1505:
1396:
1345:
1303:
1272:
1189:
935:
1615:
1060:. Annales littéraires de l'Université de Besançon. Centre de recherches d'histoire ancienne. Vol. 128. Presses Univ. Franche-Comté.
1094:
875:
1324:
1640:
1543:
1368:
1150:
1118:
1065:
994:
892:
1625:
1484:
585:, p. 74: "The western Greek people (with affinities to the Epirotic tribes) in Orestis, Lyncus, and parts of Pelagonia."
105:, or a like-named son of his; though, the historical value of this myth is not acknowledged, and is considered improbable.
484:(r. 221–179 BC), declared the Orestae free because they had supported the Roman cause in the recent war against Macedon.
370:
1605:
1620:
462:
1471:
1630:
58:
1220:
1181:
251:
427:
342:
cattle, goats and sheep to the various pasture lands. The region of
Orestis was rich in summer pastures.
1283:
1264:
Brill's Companion to Ancient Macedon: Studies in the Archaeology and History of Macedon, 650 BC – 300 AD
94:
1589:
1163:
Epirus: The Geography, the Ancient Remains, the History and the Topography of Epirus and Adjacent Areas
1438:"Πόλεις and Πολιτεῖαι in upper Macedonia under the Principate: A new inscription from Lyke in Orestis"
470:
442:
435:
396:
269:
138:
481:
362:
1083:
Filos, Panagiotis (2018). "Linguistic Aspects of Epirote Ethnics". In Domínguez, Adolfo J. (ed.).
1035:
454:
331:
256:
39:
1145:
Vol. III, Part 3 (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 261–285.
1142:
The Cambridge Ancient History: The Expansion of the Greek World, Eighth to Sixth Centuries B.C.
1560:
1539:
1501:
1480:
1459:
1392:
1364:
1341:
1320:
1299:
1268:
1242:
1185:
1146:
1114:
1090:
1071:
1061:
1027:
990:
416:
225:
188:
1516:
1449:
1291:
1232:
1171:
1017:
1006:"Agrarian and Power Landscapes in Epeiros during the Late Classical and Hellenistic Periods"
1005:
408:
351:
561:, p. 703: "The Orestae were Molossian (as we know from a fourth-century inscription)."
953:
366:
307:
54:
1284:"Recent Research in the Ancient Macedonian Dialect: Consolidation and New Perspectives"
389:
292:
109:
74:
62:
50:
228:, where the ancient settlement of Lyke was located. Orestis bordered to the southwest
1599:
1418:
1261:
Hatzopoulos, M. B. (2011). "Macedonia and Macedonians". In Lane Fox, Robin J. (ed.).
1039:
385:
310:, forming its heartland in the Archaic and early Classical periods. It bordered with
205:
500:, while depictions of the goddess are found in various parts of the Orestis region.
1113:. Textes à l'appui / Histoire classique (in French) (2nd ed.). La Découverte.
477:
299:(Kelethron), Diokliteionopolis, while epigraphic evidence cofirms the existence of
277:
434:
after the early 4th century BC. This change possible happened during the reign of
34:
1554:
1533:
1495:
1386:
1356:
1335:
1314:
1262:
1175:
1161:
1140:
1129:
1108:
1084:
1055:
984:
163:. Some scholars have alternatively suggested that it derives from the Greek noun
1104:
382:
179:
1200:
1295:
948:
887:
420:
265:
233:
229:
204:
It is generally agreed that the region of Orestis encompassed the area around
78:
1463:
1407:
1246:
1075:
1031:
450:
327:
319:
311:
245:
209:
1237:
1454:
1437:
445:, the lover and assassin of Philip II, and three of Alexander's prominent
291:
Some important cities in the Orestis region based on ancient sources were
1581:
466:
446:
378:
355:
323:
296:
285:
273:
237:
28:
541:) in Epirus, which originated in northern Pindus including the Orestae,
1022:
493:
431:
399:
and later Strabo identified the Orestea as Molossian population of the
315:
300:
281:
241:
221:
102:
17:
859:
412:
404:
400:
374:
98:
66:
1313:
Heckel, Waldemar; Heinrichs, Johannes; Müller, Sabine, eds. (2020).
545:
1 F 107) and expanded southwards, reaching the Ambraciote Gulf (see
268:), while for Papazoglou it extended southwest of this point up to
250:
217:
276:. For Papazoglou, the border with Dassaretia was defined by the
213:
93:
According to the tradition of the Orestae, which is recorded by
1479:(in Greek). Thessaloniki: Society of Macedonian Studies. 1989.
1334:
Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony; Eidinow, Esther (2012) .
989:(Revised ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
411:
bearing the common Orestian name "Antiochus", was found in the
212:
basin. The region was bounded geographically by the mountains
747:
745:
743:
419:, a thousand Orestians led by King Antiochus, accompanied the
426:
Around 370-365 BC Orestis was associated with the kingdom of
164:
148:
142:
113:
42:
with Orestis located in the western districts of the kingdom.
703:
701:
699:
697:
224:
and it extended to Prespa Lakes basin, in particular around
530:
108:
The tribal name of the Orestae appears to derive from the
1355:
Karamitrou-Mentesidi, Georgia; Moschakis, Kostas (2014).
718:
716:
182:
476:
The region became independent again in 196 BC, when the
465:, and the sons of a noble from Orestis named Alexander;
1473:
Historical Geography of the Roman Province of Macedonia
255:
Orestis in the south-west of the traditional region of
1517:"The City of Pelion and the Illyrian War of Alexander"
191:
811:
1357:"Medicine in Aeani and Upper Macedonia in Antiquity"
1131:
Collected Studies: Further Studies on Various Topics
660:
658:
656:
654:
492:An inscription from the upper Devoll valley, lists
1086:Politics, Territory and Identity in Ancient Epirus
986:In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon
905:
847:
1361:Medicine and Healing in the Ancient Mediterranean
1340:(4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1221:"On the Historical Geography of Upper Macedonia"
537:, common name of tribes forming a tribal state (
1420:Myth and History: The Case of Ancient Macedonia
648:) vivait autour des lacs d'Ohrid et de Prespa."
934:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSamsaris1989 (
688:
1406:Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940).
1160:Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (1967).
1128:Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (2001).
966:
763:
751:
734:
593:
591:
232:and other Epirotic peoples, to the northwest
8:
514:
512:
365:. The Argeads then wandered from Orestis to
835:
823:
799:
676:
1553:Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (2010).
1497:Les villes de Macédoine à l'époque romaine
707:
1453:
1423:. University of Thessaloniki. p. 146
1236:
1021:
917:
141:; compare to the similar Greek compounds
1500:(in French). Ecole française d'Athènes.
1290:. Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 299–328.
929:
531:Hornblower, Spawforth & Eidinow 2012
306:Orestis was traditionally a district of
153:(also a personal name), which also mean
33:
1436:Nigdelis, P. M.; Souris, G. A. (1997).
722:
597:
570:
558:
518:
508:
369:, where they founded the ancient Greek
633:
57:, corresponding roughly to the modern
621:
609:
582:
7:
787:
775:
664:
1521:Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies
1010:Gerión. Revista de Historia Antigua
812:Heckel, Heinrichs & Müller 2020
640:signifiant «pauvre», soit du verbe
1282:Hatzopoulos, Miltiades B. (2017).
1134:. Vol. V. Amsterdam: Hakkert.
137:, as does the Greek personal name
25:
1288:Studies in Ancient Greek Dialects
1267:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 43–50.
27:For the modern municipality, see
1556:A Companion to Ancient Macedonia
1219:Hatzinikolaou, Kalliopi (2011).
1199:Hatzinikolaou, Kalliopi (2007).
893:History of the Peloponnesian War
1337:The Oxford Classical Dictionary
1611:Geography of ancient Macedonia
1166:. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.
1110:Les esclaves en Grèce ancienne
906:Roisman & Worthington 2010
848:Roisman & Worthington 2010
101:, their name was derived from
1:
377:, Argos Orestikon (in modern
1636:Historical regions in Greece
1494:Papazoglou, Fanoula (1988).
441:Natives of the region were:
395:Both 6th century geographer
192:
183:
178:, suffixed with the typical
1616:Kingdoms in Greek Antiquity
1316:Lexicon of Argead Makedonia
77:tribe that was part of the
69:. Its inhabitants were the
53:: Ὀρεστίς) was a region of
1657:
1412:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1319:. Frank & Timme GmbH.
1201:"Cults of Upper Macedonia"
1004:Dominguez, Adolfo (2022).
689:Nigdelis & Souris 1997
388:, was the homeland of the
165:
149:
143:
114:
26:
1559:. John Wiley & Sons.
1538:. Yale University Press.
1532:Worthington, Ian (2008).
1417:Mallios, Giorgos (2011).
1296:10.1515/9783110532135-016
1057:Les Pénestes de Thessalie
983:Borza, Eugene N. (1992).
1641:Kastoria (regional unit)
1515:Vujčić, Nemanja (2021).
403:group. A 6th century BC
1409:A Greek-English Lexicon
1385:King, Carol J. (2017).
612:, pp. 292, 294–295
1535:Philip II of Macedonia
1238:10.12681/makedonika.58
1177:A History of Macedonia
415:sanctuary. During the
260:
59:Kastoria regional unit
43:
1626:Second Macedonian War
1455:10.12681/tekmeria.120
254:
244:and to the southeast
37:
1054:Ducat, Jean (1994).
766:, pp. 9–10, 19.
443:Pausanias of Orestis
436:Philip II of Macedon
373:. Also according to
600:, pp. 111, 311
381:), rather than the
322:to the south-east,
318:to the north-east,
240:, to the northeast
1023:10.5209/geri.82776
969:, pp. 139–141
967:Hatzinikolaou 2007
838:, pp. 314–324
764:Hatzinikolaou 2011
752:Hatzinikolaou 2011
735:Hatzinikolaou 2011
480:, after defeating
455:Seleucus I Nicator
453:(son of Orontes),
371:kingdom of Macedon
332:Kingdom of Macedon
326:to the south, and
261:
112:plain appellative
44:
40:Kingdom of Macedon
1606:Ancient Orestians
1566:978-1-4051-7936-2
1507:978-2-86958-014-5
1398:978-1-351-71031-2
1388:Ancient Macedonia
1347:978-0-19-954556-8
1305:978-3-11-053213-5
1274:978-90-04-20650-2
1191:978-0-19-814294-2
1172:Hammond, N. G. L.
548:
496:with the epithet
417:Peloponnesian War
226:Small Prespa Lake
16:(Redirected from
1648:
1621:Orestis (region)
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1089:. Edizioni ETS.
1079:
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958:
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932:, pp. 64–65
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800:Worthington 2008
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350:An abundance of
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158:mountain dweller
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122:mountain dweller
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117:
116:
81:tribal state or
21:
1656:
1655:
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1649:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1631:Upper Macedonia
1596:
1595:
1578:
1576:Further reading
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1363:. Oxbow Books.
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1182:Clarendon Press
1180:. Vol. 1.
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978:
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954:Ab Urbe Condita
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876:PAAH (1929) 122
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846:
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810:
806:
798:
794:
790:, pp. 5–6.
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708:Papazoglou 1988
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367:Lower Macedonia
348:
308:Upper Macedonia
293:Argos Orestikon
202:
175:
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55:Upper Macedonia
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1016:(2): 463–494.
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918:Dominguez 2022
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814:, p. 372.
804:
792:
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756:
754:, pp. 10.
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727:
725:, p. 146.
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710:, p. 233.
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390:Argead dynasty
358:inscriptions.
347:
344:
314:to the north,
236:, to the west
208:and the upper
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198:
90:
87:
63:West Macedonia
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1391:. Routledge.
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723:Mallios 2011
691:, p. 55
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571:Hammond 2001
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549:) c.370 BC."
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866:, 11.10.63.
864:Syrian Wars
802:, p. 6
634:Garlan 1995
533:, p. 966: "
132:mountaineer
61:located in
38:Map of the
1600:Categories
1486:9607265017
1225:Makedonika
976:References
949:Titus Livy
888:Thucydides
622:Ducat 1994
610:Filos 2018
583:Borza 1992
471:Amphoterus
421:Parauaeans
280:while the
266:Trapezitsa
234:Dassaretia
230:Molossians
180:West Greek
1464:1791-7573
1448:: 55–63.
1247:2241-2018
1107:(1995) .
1076:1625-0443
1040:253825174
1032:1988-3080
788:King 2017
776:King 2017
665:King 2017
504:Footnotes
498:Syvonnike
459:Antiochus
451:Perdiccas
397:Hecataeus
352:Mycenaean
328:Illyrians
320:Elimiotis
312:Lynkestis
257:Macedonia
246:Elimiotis
210:Haliacmon
200:Geography
150:ὀρέσ-βιος
95:Theagenes
89:Etymology
79:Molossian
1582:Polybius
1442:Tekmeria
1174:(1972).
547:AMBRACIA
488:Religion
482:Philip V
467:Craterus
457:(son of
447:diadochi
379:Orestida
356:Linear B
324:Tymphaea
297:Celetrum
274:Siatista
238:Parauaia
189:Illyrian
173:mountain
29:Orestida
1590:18.47.6
896:, 2.80.
535:Molossi
494:Artemis
463:Ptolemy
432:Macedon
407:finger
401:Epirote
363:Macedon
346:History
316:Eordaia
301:Battyna
282:Bilisht
242:Eordaea
222:Grammos
139:Orestes
115:ὀρέστης
103:Orestes
71:Orestae
47:Orestis
18:Orestae
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860:Appian
642:menein
539:koinon
478:Romans
428:Epirus
413:Dodona
405:silver
375:Appian
184:-estae
99:Strabo
83:koinon
67:Greece
1477:(PDF)
1231:: 1.
1036:S2CID
638:pénès
386:Argos
286:Korcë
218:Vitsi
110:Greek
73:, an
51:Greek
1561:ISBN
1540:ISBN
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1481:ISBN
1460:ISSN
1429:2023
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1047:2023
1028:ISSN
991:ISBN
936:help
646:-st-
543:FGrH
469:and
409:ring
272:and
220:and
214:Voio
193:-st-
166:ὄρος
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97:and
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