163:: Winner of Junior US Open and Junior Wimbledon titles in her career. Pigeon reached the fourth round at Wimbledon in 1968 and 1969. She was 20 years old when she took a stand against the establishment. She later stated, "I think a lot of those original true feminists were missing the point by burning bras. In a way, they didn't make nearly as many waves as we tennis players did. We demonstrated that as sportspeople we were as interesting as the men. Our competition was stimulating to watch and we could pull the people in. For me, that's a more powerful way of establishing equality."
169:: Two time singles Grand Slam champion and multiple doubles champ; she was 28 in 1970. Richey said 40 years later of the events, "I still feel the same way as I did then about the inequities. It was so unfair, we were so discriminated against. Some of the men players were upset that we were getting any of the prize money at the tournaments that were being held jointly. If the purse was $ 10,000, they were getting $ 8,500. It was that kind of ratio. And they were pretty vocal about it. They'd say, 'Well go out and get your own circuit and stop taking the money from us."
127:
play because I had an elbow injury. My parents had just moved from New York to
Houston, and I was in the new house manning the phones the night before the tournament was due to start. The women were calling and saying the USTA was threatening to suspend everybody. The morning the tournament was due to start, I didn't go to the site because I wasn't playing. But when I heard everyone had stood in solidarity I decided I would do the same, even if it meant being suspended too."
157:. Forty years later she stated, "Houston felt like the start of something, and I remember being excited. I was just a little ol' Aussie... I wanted a better deal, of course, but I wouldn't put myself in the feminist category. I went a lot by what Judy (Dalton) did; it was good having her around. I think my parents were a little concerned, but I felt that with Billie Jean we had a strong leader."
147:: Former Australian and US Open champion and three time Wimbledon champion. King was also the reigning Wimbledon doubles champion and the reigning French Open mixed doubles champion. At this stage in her career, King already had a career Grand Slam in mixed doubles and only needed the French Open to repeat the feat in singles play. King was considered the ring leader amongst the players.
126:
in the 1960s. Heldman in 1970 had her best run at a Grand Slam to date as she reached the semifinals of the French Open. Heldman, however, was injured and therefore did not participate in the competition. "That's my abiding memory of that time: the sense of solidarity and a step forward. I couldn't
103:
wouldn't let any of us—men or women—play more than six months of the year. These days that would be called restraint of trade!" On the money Dalton said, "I know exactly what I did with my prize money from
Houston. My husband, David, and I had just bought a house in Melbourne, and I sent most of it
84:
labeled her the best junior prospect in the world. She stated 40 years later, "Jeopardizing the chance to play Grand Slams was probably the riskiest part of going against the old establishment. What else were we risking? We were really second class citizens when we played at the sanctioned
79:
in the doubles, and in the mixed doubles at the US Open. Also, Casals won the US Open doubles title, and in 1970 reached the final of the singles competition. Casals states "I got $ 3,750 when I lost the 1970 US Open final to Court, the last victim in her Grand Slam." When Casals was 18,
41:"BJ and Rosie were the ringleaders on court, close friends, doubles partners frequent final–round foes, super saleswomen for the emerging tour. They were perfect role players, feisty but good humored kids off the public courts who believed women had a destiny in professional sport."
133:"We knew we were making history and we had such a strong sense of purpose. I just kept thinking about the vision we had for the future of our sport. We wanted to ensure that any girl in the world that was good enough would have a place to go and make a living playing tennis."
118:: The daughter of the leader Gladys. Heldman was a three-time Canadian Junior Champion and a US junior champion. Heldman was a runner-up at one of the Olympic exhibitions to Bartkowicz. Heldman had won the prestigious
515:
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153:: At just 23, had just broken into the world's top ten when she joined King and Heldman. In 1970, she also managed to reach the final of her home Slam, her first final, but lost to
85:
tournaments alongside the men, and that meant all tournaments. In that sense we didn't have a lot to lose. On the other hand, the Grand Slams were everything to us at that time."
183:
withdrew because she did not want to take the risk and stand against the establishment. Margaret Court, who, after completing her Grand Slam, had just lost in
Charlotte to
501:
91:: Had just completed a career Grand Slam in Women's doubles as she had won the US Open, the only title missing from her collection at that point. Dalton was part of
23:
were a group of nine women's professional tennis players who broke away from the governing bodies of tennis in 1970 to launch their own professional tour, the
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was fantastic—they gave us all the stuff that we wanted and did what they could to help. From memory, I used Wilson racquets for two years."
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175:: Reached the fourth round of the US Open in 1969 and the third round at Wimbledon in 1970. She won $ 300 for her loss to Casals.
187:, who was 15 at the time, withdrew due to a left ankle injury which sidelined her for three months. She was replaced by Pigeon.
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team in 1970. "Before there was a Tour, I actually worked as an accountant when I wasn't playing tennis. In those days, the
1982:
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home to help pay it off." With regard to the personal sanctions against her, she said, "I couldn't play with my
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71:: The reigning Wimbledon Doubles and Mixed Doubles Champions in 1970. She had finished as the runner up in the
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57:: Winner of the USA Girls under-18 national title three times in a row, equalling
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record. Bartkowicz had won Junior
Wimbledon and had won medals at the
1989:
475:
The
Encyclopedia of Tennis: 100 years of Great Players and Events
497:
371:"Sports of The Times; Following In the Path Of a Pioneer"
108:
racquet, we couldn't play in tournaments. In fairness,
16:
Founding members of tennis tour
Virginia Slims Circuit
449:
We Have Come a Long Way: The Story of Women's Tennis
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332:. wtatour.com. September 23, 2010. Archived from
248:"On This Day: First Virginia Slims Series Begins"
131:
39:
250:. wtatour.com. January 6, 2011. Archived from
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233:
231:
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219:
217:
8:
302:"On This Day: Rebellion & Independence"
179:Two other players withdrew from the event:
1543:
536:
516:
502:
494:
423:Bud Collins' Modern Encyclopedia of Tennis
399:Women's Tennis 1968–84: the Ultimate Guide
316:"In Her Own Words: Kerry Melville Reid"
213:
27:, which later evolved into the modern
7:
101:Lawn Tennis Association of Australia
369:Aaraton, Harvey (August 29, 2000).
1797:Dorothea Douglass Lambert Chambers
318:. wtatour.com. September 23, 2010.
304:. wtatour.com. September 23, 2010.
290:. wtatour.com. September 23, 2010.
276:. wtatour.com. September 23, 2010.
138:Billie Jean King speaking in 2010.
14:
526:International Tennis Hall of Fame
350:. wtatour.com. September 23, 2010
330:"In Her Own Words: Kristy Pigeon"
288:"In Her Own Words: Julie Heldman"
348:"In Her Own Words: Nancy Richey"
274:"In Her Own Words: Judy Dalton"
197:1970 Houston Women's Invitation
63:1968 Olympic Games exhibitions
1:
1983:Monique Kalkman-Van Den Bosch
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479:. New York: Viking Press.
427:. Detroit: Gale Research.
401:. Remous. pp. 48, 69.
1604:Hilde Krahwinkel Sperling
453:. New York: McGraw-Hill.
445:; Starr, Cynthia (1988).
237:King & Starr, p. 125.
2474:Walter Clopton Wingfield
2369:William McChesney Martin
1846:Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman
2053:Arantxa Sánchez Vicario
2032:Margaret Osborne duPont
1948:Evonne Goolagong Cawley
1755:Molla Bjurstedt Mallory
1625:Kathleen McKane Godfree
2404:Mary Ewing Outerbridge
2095:Chantal Vandierendonck
548:Manuel Alonso Areizaga
202:Virginia Slims Circuit
135:
43:
25:Virginia Slims Circuit
2320:Robert Walter Johnson
1597:Marion Jones Farquhar
758:Robert Lindley Murray
2074:Margaret Smith Court
1702:Lesley Turner Bowrey
1569:Dorothy Bundy Cheney
1511:Court tennis players
909:Malcolm Greene Chace
2467:Dennis Van der Meer
2018:Martina Navratilova
1867:Sarah Palfrey Cooke
1741:Maud Barger-Wallach
1716:Nancye Wynne Bolton
849:Gottfried von Cramm
397:John Dolan (2011).
2334:Robert J. Kelleher
1519:Pierre Etchebaster
1368:Nicola Pietrangeli
1256:Yevgeny Kafelnikov
1140:R. Norris Williams
1035:Maurice McLoughlin
376:The New York Times
173:Valerie Ziegenfuss
55:Peaches Bartkowicz
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2194:Philippe Chatrier
2180:Jane Brown Grimes
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2046:Gabriela Sabatini
2004:Conchita Martínez
1927:Lindsay Davenport
1906:Jennifer Capriati
1853:Helen Hull Jacobs
1734:Juliette Atkinson
1583:Thelma Coyne Long
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443:King, Billie Jean
336:on March 5, 2012.
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254:on March 5, 2012
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223:Collins, p. 557.
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145:Billie Jean King
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59:Sarah Palfrey's
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5:
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2506:1970 in tennis
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2460:Jimmy Van Alen
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2390:Arthur Nielsen
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2327:Perry T. Jones
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2295:
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2285:Derek Hardwick
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2250:Cliff Drysdale
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2222:Allison Danzig
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2187:Butch Buchholz
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2120:
2119:
2112:
2105:
2102:Esther Vergeer
2098:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1969:Martina Hingis
1965:
1958:
1951:
1944:
1941:Gigi Fernández
1937:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1895:
1887:
1885:
1884:Recent players
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1691:
1688:Eleonora Sears
1684:
1677:
1674:Elizabeth Ryan
1670:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1635:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1590:Françoise Dürr
1586:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1555:Daphne Akhurst
1550:
1548:
1547:Master players
1541:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1522:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1504:
1501:Mark Woodforde
1497:
1490:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1434:
1427:
1424:Manuel Santana
1420:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1392:
1385:
1382:Dennis Ralston
1378:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1326:Gardnar Mulloy
1322:
1315:
1308:
1305:Chuck McKinley
1301:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1259:
1252:
1249:Lleyton Hewitt
1245:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1174:
1172:
1171:Recent players
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1059:
1052:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1014:William Larned
1010:
1003:
996:
993:Francis Hunter
989:
982:
979:Harold Hackett
975:
968:
965:Bob Falkenburg
961:
954:
947:
940:
933:
926:
919:
912:
905:
898:
891:
884:
881:Wilmer Allison
877:
874:Fred Alexander
869:
867:
863:
862:
860:
859:
852:
845:
838:
831:
824:
817:
814:Ernest Renshaw
810:
803:
796:
789:
782:
779:Manuel Orantes
775:
768:
761:
754:
747:
740:
733:
726:
719:
712:
705:
698:
691:
684:
677:
670:
663:
656:
649:
642:
635:
628:
621:
614:
611:Clarence Clark
607:
600:
597:Norman Brookes
593:
586:
579:
572:
565:
558:
555:James Anderson
551:
543:
541:
540:Master players
534:
530:
529:
523:
521:
520:
513:
506:
498:
492:
491:
486:978-0670294084
485:
469:Robertson, Max
465:
460:978-0070346253
459:
439:
434:978-0810389885
433:
411:
408:
405:
404:
389:
361:
339:
321:
307:
293:
279:
265:
239:
225:
212:
211:
209:
206:
205:
204:
199:
192:
189:
177:
176:
170:
164:
158:
155:Margaret Court
151:Kerry Melville
148:
130:
129:
128:
113:
97:Federation Cup
86:
66:
38:
36:
33:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2518:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2433:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2384:
2383:Julian Myrick
2380:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2313:Nancy Jeffett
2310:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2109:Virginia Wade
2106:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2081:Helena Suková
2078:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1962:Justine Henin
1959:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1920:Kim Clijsters
1917:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1875:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1818:Ellen Hansell
1815:
1812:
1811:Althea Gibson
1808:
1805:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1762:Louise Brough
1759:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1667:Dorothy Round
1664:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1646:Betty Nuthall
1643:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1487:Mats Wilander
1484:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1459:Michael Stich
1456:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1340:John Newcombe
1337:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1312:Frew McMillan
1309:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1228:Stefan Edberg
1225:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1214:Jimmy Connors
1211:
1208:
1207:Michael Chang
1204:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1119:Holcombe Ward
1116:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1077:Frank Shields
1074:
1071:
1070:Richard Sears
1067:
1064:
1063:Ted Schroeder
1060:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1001:
1000:Bill Johnston
997:
994:
990:
987:
983:
980:
976:
973:
969:
966:
962:
959:
955:
952:
948:
945:
941:
938:
934:
931:
927:
924:
920:
917:
913:
910:
906:
903:
899:
896:
892:
889:
885:
882:
878:
875:
871:
870:
868:
864:
857:
853:
850:
846:
843:
842:Pancho Segura
839:
836:
835:Frank Sedgman
832:
829:
825:
822:
818:
815:
811:
808:
804:
801:
797:
794:
793:Theodore Pell
790:
787:
783:
780:
776:
773:
769:
766:
765:Hans Nüsslein
762:
759:
755:
752:
748:
745:
741:
738:
734:
731:
727:
724:
723:Karel Koželuh
720:
717:
713:
710:
706:
703:
699:
696:
692:
689:
685:
682:
681:Andrés Gimeno
678:
675:
674:Chuck Garland
671:
668:
664:
661:
657:
654:
653:Sven Davidson
650:
647:
646:Owen Davidson
643:
640:
639:Jack Crawford
636:
633:
629:
626:
625:Ashley Cooper
622:
619:
615:
612:
608:
605:
601:
598:
594:
591:
590:John Bromwich
587:
584:
580:
577:
573:
570:
566:
563:
559:
556:
552:
549:
545:
544:
542:
538:
535:
531:
527:
519:
514:
512:
507:
505:
500:
499:
496:
488:
482:
477:
476:
470:
466:
462:
456:
451:
450:
444:
440:
436:
430:
425:
424:
418:
414:
413:
409:
400:
393:
390:
378:
377:
372:
365:
362:
349:
343:
340:
335:
331:
325:
322:
317:
311:
308:
303:
297:
294:
289:
283:
280:
275:
269:
266:
253:
249:
243:
240:
234:
232:
230:
226:
220:
218:
214:
207:
203:
200:
198:
195:
194:
190:
188:
186:
182:
174:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:Kristy Pigeon
159:
156:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
140:
134:
125:
124:Italian Opens
121:
117:
116:Julie Heldman
114:
111:
107:
102:
98:
94:
90:
87:
83:
78:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
56:
53:
52:
50:
48:
42:
34:
32:
30:
26:
22:
2432:Lance Tingay
2396:
2236:Herman David
2159:John Barrett
2130:Contributors
2060:Monica Seles
2025:Jana Novotná
1892:Tracy Austin
1860:Alice Marble
1825:Darlene Hard
1776:Mabel Cahill
1748:Pauline Betz
1709:Marie Wagner
1653:Nancy Richey
1473:Tony Trabert
1417:Pete Sampras
1403:Ken Rosewall
1396:Andy Roddick
1354:Rafael Osuna
1347:Yannick Noah
1333:Ilie Năstase
1298:John McEnroe
1193:Boris Becker
1179:Andre Agassi
1161:Beals Wright
1154:Robert Wrenn
1105:John Van Ryn
1091:Bill Talbert
1084:Henry Slocum
1042:Frank Parker
958:James Dwight
916:Joseph Clark
807:Adrian Quist
751:Ken McGregor
730:René Lacoste
709:Harry Hopman
667:Neale Fraser
618:Henri Cochet
583:Jean Borotra
569:Bunny Austin
562:Mal Anderson
474:
448:
422:
417:Collins, Bud
398:
392:
380:. Retrieved
374:
364:
352:. Retrieved
342:
334:the original
324:
310:
296:
282:
268:
256:. Retrieved
252:the original
242:
178:
167:Nancy Richey
136:
132:
82:Harry Hopman
77:French Opens
69:Rosie Casals
44:
40:
20:
18:
2453:Brian Tobin
2439:Ted Tinling
2362:Dan Maskell
2257:Steve Flink
2243:Donald Dell
2229:Mike Davies
2208:Bud Collins
2145:George Adee
2067:Pam Shriver
2039:Mary Pierce
1955:Steffi Graf
1934:Chris Evert
1899:Maria Bueno
1874:Helen Wills
1804:Shirley Fry
1769:Mary Browne
1526:Tom Pettitt
1466:Fred Stolle
1431:Dick Savitt
1410:Marat Safin
1361:Budge Patty
1319:Don McNeill
1235:Roy Emerson
1221:Rick Draney
1186:Arthur Ashe
1147:Sidney Wood
1098:Bill Tilden
1056:Bobby Riggs
1028:George Lott
1007:Jack Kramer
828:Mervyn Rose
772:Alex Olmedo
695:Bryan Grant
688:Arthur Gore
632:Jim Courier
185:Chris Evert
181:Patti Hogan
93:Australia's
89:Judy Dalton
47:Bud Collins
2490:Categories
2446:Ion Țiriac
2425:Gene Scott
2411:Brad Parks
2397:Original 9
2306:Lamar Hunt
2264:David Gray
2173:Vic Braden
2138:Russ Adams
2088:May Sutton
1832:Doris Hart
1790:Lottie Dod
1452:Randy Snow
1445:Stan Smith
1438:Vic Seixas
1389:Tony Roche
1375:Pat Rafter
1291:Ivan Lendl
1242:David Hall
1200:Björn Borg
1021:Art Larsen
800:Fred Perry
208:References
73:Australian
21:Original 9
1284:Rod Laver
1263:Jan Kodeš
937:John Doeg
895:Don Budge
888:Karl Behr
744:Gene Mako
106:Slazenger
2496:WTA Tour
2348:Al Laney
2278:Gustaf V
986:Joe Hunt
702:Lew Hoad
471:(1974).
419:(1994).
382:March 9,
354:March 9,
258:March 8,
191:See also
120:Canadian
95:winning
29:WTA Tour
1726:Players
866:Players
35:Players
2501:Nonets
483:
457:
431:
110:Wilson
1990:Li Na
1540:Women
481:ISBN
455:ISBN
429:ISBN
384:2011
356:2011
260:2011
122:and
75:and
19:The
533:Men
2492::
373:.
228:^
216:^
31:.
517:e
510:t
503:v
489:.
463:.
437:.
386:.
358:.
262:.
65:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.