345:, and consistent to the same-name syncline. From the northwestern part, Shakhdagh Mountain of the Lesser Caucasus stripes to the southeastern Gilandagh Mountain, and from this part joins Murovdagh. Gyamyshdagh Mountain is the highest point with 3,724 meter height. Northeastern and northern sections of Shakhdagh and Murovdagh Ridge are composed of erosional spurs such as Chyngldagh, Pant, and Kalteke. Shakhdagh, Murovdagh, and Eastern Goycha Ridge are followed by highlands and troughs. The riverside parts characterized by well-preserved peneplanation surfaces of the Early-Middle Miocene Oligocene, Middle Miocene, and Late Pliocene ages.
169:
17:
311:
864:
422:
55:
302:
The South-Eastern
Caucasus ends in the Absheron peninsula and the western part bordering the Dubrar system. Yunusdagh, Ylkhydagh and Koun are the highest parts of the peninsula about 300–350 meters. The topography of the northern area is hummock and hollow. Mud volcanoes are typical for this part and
277:
The depression is followed by linearly extended folded ridges and dome-shaped elevations substituting with wide synclinal valleys and constitutes in plan to the eastern part of the
Shamakhy-Gobustan syncline. The northwestern section of the Jeyrankechmez corresponds to the topography of the Baku age
386:
Ganykh-Airichay synclinal valley extends and in the south of the valley covered by low-rise linearly monoclinic ridges
Jeiranchel-Ajinour terrain. Miocene and Upper Pliocene argillo-arenaceous rocks are typical for the relief of terrain. The eastern part of the Jeiranchel-Ajinour terrain covered by
201:
peak (located at 3629m, means "Father
Mountain") the same ridge elevation gradually goes down and becomes wider. Starting from Dubrar elevation (2,205 m), Major Caucasus ridge plunges northeastward towards the Caspian Sea like expanded fan having been cut by river valleys into separate ridges like
72:
is typified by relief of different kinds and complexity. Over 50% of the country's area consists of the mountain ridges, crests, yailas and plateaus rise up to hypsometric levels of 400–1,000 m (including the Middle and Lower lowlands), in some places (Talish, Jeyranchol-Ajinohur and
Langabiz-Alat
260:
The southern flank of the Great
Caucasus ridge descended to Alazan-Ayrichay valley (in some sources Alazan-Haftaran valley, whereas in others it is considered one of the Kur River valley parts) that in some places is parallel to the mentioned ridge. Said above valley begins from
239:
limestone and clay. Lateral ridge is divided into stand-alone blocks-Plateaus (Shahdagh, Gizilgaya, Budugh, and others) by river valleys that begin from Great
Caucasus ridge. Northwestern part of the Lateral Ridge matches up to the Shahdagh-Khizi geosyncline constituted of thick
402:
plains by the Kur and Araz river valleys. In the eastern part of the Kur-Araz lowland covered by the Large and Small
Kharami, Mishovdagh. Between the southeastern lowland and Caspian seashore alluvial marine plain Shirvan is situated. The Kur-Araz lowland joins to the
252:
Northeast off and parallel to the
Lateral ridge there is Talabi-Gaynarja elevation, which elevation ranges from 1,000–1,100 m in the west down to 150–200 m in the east. Ridges and elevations are divided from each other by valleys and intermontane troughs (Shahnabad,
433:
are considered a continuation of the Lesser
Caucasus and followed by Paleogene and Neogene volcanic deposits. Furthermore, the southeastern part of the mountains composed of the Late Cretaceous deposits. Compared with the Greater and Lesser Caucasus
123:
The average elevation is 384 m high. Principle orographic units of Azerbaijan consist of the Caucasus mountain system, Samur-Davachi lowland (in conjunction with Gusar inclined plain), Kur River lowland, Minor Caucasus, and Talish mountain systems.
179:
The Major Caucasus or Watershed Ridge is not crossed with any river valleys and therefore it is also called Watershed Ridge. Most part of the ridge elevation is over 3,000 m high, and only in its central part it exceeds 4,000 m height; which are:
42:. The tectonic structure is typical for the orography of the country. The main morphostructural units are the Greater Caucasus, the Lesser Caucasus, the Gusar plane, the Samur-Devechi lowland, the Kur intermountain trough, the
381:
The lowland is covered by several sites which differ from one another according to their geological structures and orographic features and surrounded by Greater Caucasus and Lesser Caucasus Ridges. In the northern part of the
278:
alluvial-proluvial plain. The southeastern part of the depression characterized by younger abrasion-accretion marine plain and relief composed of the large brachyanticline elevations and broken by lengthwise ruptures.
269:. Nialdagh ridge which elevation reaches up to 2,100 m high is extended parallel to the Great Caucasus one apart through Lahidge valley. They characterized by the middle-altitude mountain denudation relief.
230:
means "Five Finger Mountain") pinnacle. The southeastern section of lateral Ridge Tengi-Beshbarmagh is a medium and low-altitude mountain erosion-denudation relief. The relief of this part consists of the
407:
lowland by the Mughan and Salyan plains in the south. Several elevations such as, "gobu", topographic shapes "chala" as well as river-formed lakes called "akhmaz" are typical for the lowland.
348:
Eastern Goycha Ridge consists of Eocene, volcanic-sedimentary rocks, and Miopliocene volcanogenic thickness. Ketidagh Mountain is the highest point of the ridge with 3,399 meters in height.
351:
The Garabagh Ridge enlarges in the central part of the Lesser Caucasus southeastern edge. The main peaks of Garabagh are Gyrkhgyz (2,823 m), Boyuk Kirs (2,725 m) and Ziyarat (2,478 m).
442:, Dizgoni, and Burovar Ridges. The highest point is Kemyurkei Mountain with 2,493 meters situated in Talysh Ridge. Northwest section composed of the middle and upper Miocene deposits.
334:
Mountain is less high and has a folded-boulder structure caused by the presence of abyssal fractures of transversal and longitudinal striking. The prominent elevations are Murguz,
788:
282:
are typical for there. The depression is limited by the Alyat range and the Langebiz low-altitude mountain range from the south part. This section is consist of
798:
1464:
570:
1013:
218:. North off and parallel to the Great Caucasus ridge there is a southeast trending ridge called Lateral, of which Azerbaijan section starts from the
1096:
148:. Major Caucasus ridge constitutes large portion of the Caucasus system and extends southeast off Tinov-Rosso elevation (3,385 m) is located at
998:
990:
81:) the remaining parts of which are plains and lowlands. Hypsometric marks within the Caucasus region vary in the range from about -28 m at the
482:
970:
1457:
808:
583:
1499:
1074:
916:
767:
906:
611:
523:
1258:
1223:
1187:
1182:
757:
1361:
1338:
1177:
1152:
1059:
563:
1504:
1413:
1172:
1116:
1091:
844:
803:
244:
and Lower Cretaceous dolomite limestone. They create a series of highland plateaus with delimiting covered and steep slopes.
445:
Between the Caspian Sea and Talysh Mountains is situated the Lankaran depression and the flat lowland seaside is below the
1431:
1366:
1308:
1273:
1268:
1081:
884:
1111:
1008:
975:
960:
923:
899:
338:, Shakhdagh, Garabagh, Eastern Goycha, and Mykhtekyan. Shakhdagh ridge consists of volcanic rocks and Upper Cretaceous,
631:
626:
168:
955:
828:
1348:
1228:
1147:
1064:
1049:
863:
813:
556:
210:
The same ridges are further divided into smaller and lower ridges to pass into low elevation mountain region named
1386:
1142:
1069:
911:
1426:
1376:
1167:
1086:
1036:
742:
539:
307:
are observed, too. There are Akhtarma, Lokbatan, Bozdagh mud volcanoes in the southwest part of the peninsula.
616:
359:
The Garabagh highland is volcanic oriented and covers the southwestern of the Lesser Caucasus. Late Pliocene,
133:
318:
The eastern part of the Absheron peninsula is flat with a 38-meter maximal height. Bina, Govsan, Tyrkyan and
1381:
1356:
1328:
1197:
1106:
1054:
948:
872:
606:
137:
16:
1371:
1313:
1283:
1101:
1027:
980:
222:(located at 4,243 m, means "Kings Mountain") extending and getting lower southeastward and terminates at
1450:
1333:
1298:
1211:
1192:
1130:
1044:
1003:
938:
894:
823:
772:
591:
86:
1396:
1303:
1278:
1263:
1238:
1157:
227:
141:
59:
20:
136:
is located within Azerbaijan. The basic orographic elements of this part of the Caucasus system are
97:
The quantitative area distribution of Azerbaijan according to the hypsometric levels is as follows:
1473:
1403:
1323:
1293:
1288:
1243:
943:
933:
928:
145:
1421:
1253:
762:
646:
641:
621:
533:
399:
215:
223:
479:
1478:
1162:
656:
651:
519:
395:
364:
262:
198:
153:
439:
438:
are not particular in Talysh Mountains. The prominent ridges in Talysh Mountains are Talysh,
1247:
849:
697:
666:
435:
430:
416:
383:
376:
514:
Akif A. Alizadeh; Ibrahim S. Guliyev; Fakhraddin A. Kadirov; Lev V. Eppelbaum (June 2016).
310:
1318:
1233:
671:
661:
486:
331:
184:
636:
241:
211:
78:
74:
63:
24:
1493:
818:
737:
692:
1391:
747:
732:
722:
257:, Erphee, Gonagcand, Kaltan, Gilgilchay, Tigchay, Rustov, Perebedil and others).
889:
707:
279:
82:
421:
793:
752:
727:
712:
702:
579:
360:
322:
are below the sea level. Oil and gas-bearing areas are typical for peninsula.
266:
236:
173:
149:
69:
39:
717:
446:
342:
304:
283:
113:
19.5% is covered by areas which elevation ranges from 1,000 to 2,000 m high.
35:
110:
15.5% is covered by areas which elevation marks ranges from 500 to 1,000 m.
404:
335:
291:
254:
232:
219:
157:
46:
volcanic highland, the near and middle Araz Ridges and Talysh Mountains.
43:
676:
516:
Geosciences of Azerbaijan: Volume I: Geology (Regional Geology Reviews)
391:
319:
287:
548:
116:
6.5% is covered by areas which elevation ranges from 2,000 to 3,000 m.
54:
339:
387:
rivers and they create antecedent valleys by crossing the low-hill.
119:
1% is covered by areas which elevation marks are over 3,000 m high.
107:
15.5% is covered by areas which elevation ranges from 200 to 500 m.
420:
53:
552:
449:. The lowland consists of the river descending sediments.
367:
lava outflows are typical for the relief of the highland.
1412:
1347:
1210:
1129:
1035:
1026:
989:
871:
837:
781:
685:
599:
590:
73:
foreranges) up to 100–120 m, as well as 0–50 m up (
104:24% has hypsometric marks ranging from 0 to 200 m.
265:and is 210 km long and 30 km wide in
202:Gadi-Kurkachidagh, Aladagh, Kemchi and others.
564:
8:
475:
473:
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
1216:
1135:
1032:
877:
596:
571:
557:
549:
309:
167:
36:rocky, mountainous and elevated terrains
15:
457:
23:("Five Finger Mountain") is located in
531:
101:18% is located below the ocean level.
7:
799:Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)
509:
507:
505:
503:
501:
499:
497:
495:
14:
314:Mud Volcano in Absheron peninsula
862:
390:The lowland is divided into the
845:History of the name Azerbaijan
804:Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
1:
768:Russo-Persian War (1826–1828)
829:Second Nagorno-Karabakh War
758:Russo-Persian War (1804–13)
172:Mountains of Tingalty near
85:shoreline up to 4,466 m at
1521:
814:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
414:
374:
132:The southeast part of the
1500:Environment of Azerbaijan
1444:
1219:
1138:
880:
860:
248:Talabi-Gaynarja elevation
128:Caucasus mountains system
93:Quantitative distribution
999:Administrative divisions
789:Armenian–Tatar massacres
743:Khanates of the Caucasus
273:Jeirankechmez depression
134:Caucasus mountain region
632:Shulaveri–Shomu culture
627:Khojaly–Gadabay culture
480:Азербайджан – Orography
32:Orography of Azerbaijan
824:Independent Azerbaijan
426:
315:
214:, and further on into
176:
66:
28:
1505:Geology of Azerbaijan
773:Treaty of Turkmenchay
424:
313:
171:
138:Major Caucasus system
57:
19:
1014:World Heritage Sites
538:: CS1 maint: year (
228:Besh Barmag Mountain
60:Candy Cane Mountains
21:Besh Barmag Mountain
617:Kura–Araxes culture
612:Bronze and Iron age
226:(located at 546 m,
193:Bazaryurd – 4,126 m
190:Tufandagh – 4,191 m
50:General information
1188:Telecommunications
1183:Petroleum industry
763:Treaty of Gulistan
647:Leyla-Tepe culture
642:Jar-Burial Culture
622:Nakhchivan culture
485:2013-04-18 at the
427:
316:
298:Absheron peninsula
216:Absheron Peninsula
177:
67:
29:
1487:
1486:
1440:
1439:
1362:Ethnic minorities
1304:Novruz (New Year)
1274:National identity
1206:
1205:
1178:Natural resources
1125:
1124:
1097:Political parties
1092:National Assembly
1075:Children's rights
1060:Foreign relations
1022:
1021:
858:
857:
809:Soviet Azerbaijan
657:Caucasian Albania
652:Achaemenid Empire
436:glacial landforms
365:Basaltic andesite
355:Garabagh highland
1512:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1217:
1173:Mineral industry
1163:Manat (currency)
1136:
1033:
878:
866:
850:The Land of Fire
698:Sallarid dynasty
667:Arran (Caucasus)
597:
573:
566:
559:
550:
544:
543:
537:
529:
511:
490:
477:
431:Talysh Mountains
425:Talysh Mountains
417:Talysh Mountains
411:Talysh Mountains
384:Kur-Araz lowland
377:Kur-Araz Lowland
371:Kur-Araz lowland
1520:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1470:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1436:
1432:National emblem
1427:National anthem
1408:
1367:Gender equality
1343:
1309:Public holidays
1202:
1121:
1082:Law enforcement
1018:
985:
971:Protected areas
885:Bodies of water
867:
854:
833:
777:
681:
672:Sasanian Empire
662:Parthian Empire
586:
577:
547:
530:
526:
513:
512:
493:
487:Wayback Machine
478:
459:
455:
419:
413:
379:
373:
357:
332:Lesser Caucasus
328:
326:Lesser Caucasus
300:
275:
250:
208:
197:Beginning from
166:
142:Watershed Ridge
130:
95:
87:Mount Bazardüzü
52:
12:
11:
5:
1518:
1516:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1469:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1112:Prime Minister
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
995:
993:
987:
986:
984:
983:
978:
976:State reserves
973:
968:
963:
961:National parks
958:
953:
952:
951:
946:
936:
931:
926:
924:Extreme points
921:
920:
919:
909:
904:
903:
902:
900:Climate change
892:
887:
881:
875:
869:
868:
861:
859:
856:
855:
853:
852:
847:
841:
839:
835:
834:
832:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
785:
783:
779:
778:
776:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
689:
687:
683:
682:
680:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
637:Mughan culture
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
603:
601:
594:
588:
587:
578:
576:
575:
568:
561:
553:
546:
545:
524:
491:
456:
454:
451:
415:Main article:
412:
409:
375:Main article:
372:
369:
356:
353:
327:
324:
299:
296:
274:
271:
249:
246:
242:Upper Jurassic
207:
204:
195:
194:
191:
188:
165:
164:Major Caucasus
162:
129:
126:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
108:
105:
102:
94:
91:
51:
48:
34:refers to the
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1517:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
994:
992:
988:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
918:
915:
914:
913:
910:
908:
905:
901:
898:
897:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
882:
879:
876:
874:
870:
865:
851:
848:
846:
843:
842:
840:
836:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
819:Black January
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
786:
784:
780:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
738:Afsharid Iran
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
693:Sajid dynasty
691:
690:
688:
684:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
604:
602:
598:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
574:
569:
567:
562:
560:
555:
554:
551:
541:
535:
527:
525:9783319273938
521:
517:
510:
508:
506:
504:
502:
500:
498:
496:
492:
489:Azerbaijan.az
488:
484:
481:
476:
474:
472:
470:
468:
466:
464:
462:
458:
452:
450:
448:
443:
441:
437:
432:
423:
418:
410:
408:
406:
401:
397:
393:
388:
385:
378:
370:
368:
366:
362:
354:
352:
349:
346:
344:
341:
337:
333:
325:
323:
321:
312:
308:
306:
297:
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
280:Mud volcanoes
272:
270:
268:
264:
258:
256:
247:
245:
243:
238:
234:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
206:Lateral Ridge
205:
203:
200:
192:
189:
186:
183:
182:
181:
175:
170:
163:
161:
159:
155:
151:
147:
146:Lateral ridge
143:
139:
135:
127:
125:
118:
115:
112:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
98:
92:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
71:
65:
61:
56:
49:
47:
45:
41:
37:
33:
27:, Azerbaijan.
26:
22:
18:
1465:Bibliography
1349:Demographics
1229:Architecture
1148:Central Bank
1065:Human rights
1050:Constitution
991:Subdivisions
965:
748:Zand dynasty
733:Safavid Iran
723:Kara Koyunlu
708:Shirvanshahs
518:. Springer.
515:
444:
428:
394:, Garabagh,
389:
380:
358:
350:
347:
329:
317:
301:
276:
259:
251:
209:
196:
178:
152:border with
131:
122:
96:
68:
31:
30:
1387:LGBT rights
1329:Tea culture
1143:Agriculture
912:Environment
907:Earthquakes
890:Caspian Sea
686:Middle Ages
83:Caspian Sea
1494:Categories
1377:Healthcare
1284:Literature
1168:Metallurgy
1037:Government
794:March Days
753:Qajar Iran
728:Aq Qoyunlu
713:Eldiguzids
703:Shaddadids
580:Azerbaijan
453:References
398:, Mil and
361:Quaternary
305:salt lakes
267:Azerbaijan
237:Cretaceous
224:Beshbarmag
150:Azerbaijan
70:Azerbaijan
40:Azerbaijan
1382:Languages
1357:Education
1299:Mythology
1224:Animation
1198:Transport
1153:Companies
1117:Migration
1107:President
1055:Elections
966:Orography
949:Mountains
873:Geography
718:Ilkhanate
607:Stone Age
534:cite book
447:sea level
440:Peshtasar
343:carbonate
336:Murovdagh
284:Paleogene
187:– 4,466 m
185:Bazardüzü
1474:Category
1314:Religion
1279:Language
1269:Holidays
1264:Folklore
1102:Politics
1087:Military
1028:Politics
981:Wildlife
838:By topic
584:articles
483:Archived
405:Lankaran
292:Pliocene
255:Khinalyg
233:Jurassic
220:Shahdagh
212:Gobustan
199:Babadagh
158:Dagestan
144:and the
79:Absheron
75:Gobustan
64:Altıağac
44:Karabagh
25:Absheron
1451:Outline
1414:Symbols
1339:Wedding
1334:Theatre
1244:Cuisine
1212:Culture
1193:Tourism
1131:Economy
1045:Cabinet
1004:Borders
939:Geology
895:Climate
677:Shirvan
592:History
392:Shirvan
294:rocks.
288:Miocene
263:Georgia
154:Georgia
1479:Portal
1392:People
1372:Health
1254:Dances
1239:Cinema
1158:Energy
1009:Cities
917:issues
782:Modern
582:
522:
400:Salyan
396:Mughan
340:Eocene
1458:Index
1404:Women
1324:Sport
1294:Music
1289:Media
1259:Dress
956:Lakes
944:Caves
934:Flora
929:Fauna
600:Early
320:Zirya
62:near
1422:Flag
1397:list
1248:wine
1070:LGBT
540:link
520:ISBN
429:The
363:and
330:The
290:and
235:and
174:Quba
156:and
58:The
1319:Rug
1234:Art
140:or
38:in
1496::
536:}}
532:{{
494:^
460:^
286:,
160:.
89:.
77:,
1250:)
1246:(
572:e
565:t
558:v
542:)
528:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
