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both as a contractor to the U.S. Government and as a commercial company, Atomics
International maintained authorizations allowing for the use of radioactive materials in either situation. Activities using radioactive materials owned by the Department of Energy were supervised by that government agency and no licensing was required. For facilities such as the DeSoto, Vanowen operated under a permit to operate granted and monitored by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission or the California State Department of Health Services, Radiological Health Branch. Four buildings at SSFL were licensed by the NRC: Rockwell International Hot Lab (4020), The L-85 reactor building (4093), Nuclear Materials Development Facility (4055), and the Fast Critical Experiment Laboratory (4100). Personnel radiation exposure limitations were generally lower for those working in facilities licensed by the NRC as opposed to sites overseen by the DOE and operating personnel frequently rotated between the facilities.
337:(SNAP) program largely coincided with Atomic International's Sodium Reactor Experiment effort. In the mid-1950s, Atomics International was chosen as the prime contractor to the U.S. Government for the development of the compact SNAP nuclear reactor. The number of specialized facilities located at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory rapidly increased. Following the successful 1965 launch of the SNAP 10A reactor, the U.S. Government canceled the program leaving a number of government–owned facilities at the site. In 1966, the Liquid Metal Information Center (later renamed the
588:
caused radiolytic decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen in the form of tiny bubbles that gave the impression of boiling. One reactor model, the L-54, was purchased and installed by a number of United States universities and foreign research institutions, including Japan. The
Japanese Atomic Research Institute renamed theirs Japan Research Reactor-1 (JRR-1) and the government of Japan issued a commemorative postage stamp noting the establishment of Japan's first nuclear reactor in 1957. The reactor was decommissioned in 1970 and is now maintained as a
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263:
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459:, the 5 watt L-47 reactor and the ten watt L-77 reactor. By 1960, both reactors were closed and the radioactive materials removed from the site. Atomics International moved to their new DeSoto Avenue headquarters and Rocketdyne assumed the control of the Vanowen building. The Vanowen building was demolished in 2007.
710:
692:
Atomics
International was the prime contractor to the AEC for the development of the SNAP reactors. In the late 1950s to the early 1960s, Atomics International established a number of government-owned facilities to support the SNAP program at the Energy Technology Engineering Center (ETEC) in Area IV
625:
The Sodium
Reactor Experiment (SRE) was an experimental nuclear reactor which operated from 1957 to 1964. On July 12, 1957, its electrical generating system produced the first electricity generated from a nuclear power system to supply a commercial power grid in the United States by powering homes in
296:
where the narrow internal cooling channels within the reactor fuel assemblies became obstructed by an organic contaminant causing 13 of 43 reactor core fuel elements to partially melt. Atomics
International personnel repaired the reactor which was restarted in September, 1960 and operated until 1964.
587:
type of low-power nuclear reactor used a 93% enriched uranyl sulphate solution held in a critical configuration in a spherical vessel. Reactivity was controlled using an arrangement of control rods within tubes penetrating the reactor vessel. The solution did not boil; rather, neutron and gamma flux
531:
has accepted responsibility for the cleanup of both chemical and radiological impacts within Area IV under the 2010 Administrative Order on
Consent (AOC). The AOC requires the DOE to clean up both chemical and radiological contaminants to background concentrations within the underlying soils of the
705:
launched and flight tested by the United States. The City of Los
Angeles issued a proclamation to recognize the accomplishment. The facilities included underground test facilities to test the compact SNAP nuclear reactors, non-nuclear test and support buildings, and administrative offices. Atomics
541:
Between 1954 and 1980 at the Santa Susana Field
Laboratory several nuclear reactors were built, tested and operated in Area IV. These included both nuclear reactors and critical test assemblies. A critical test assembly is a very low-power reactor that does not require an active cooling system and
283:
than water. Sodium was chosen because it has excellent heat transfer properties, has a low operating pressure at typical reactor temperatures and it has a relatively low melting point. When used as a coolant for a nuclear reactor, water requires heavy piping since at the high reactor temperatures,
880:
Atomics
International was a division of a private company which engaged in the commercial enterprise of selling products and services to other companies, Universities and foreign governments. Atomics International also conducted research and development for the United States Government. Operating
221:
division) of the same parent company (Rockwell
International). As of 2010, all of the Atomics International facilities, except for the few remaining facilities located in the Area IV test area at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL), have been demolished, cleaned and reused, or awaiting final
287:
Experience gained from conducting basic nuclear technology development provided Atomics International with the experience and practical knowledge necessary for the design, construction and operation of the Sodium Reactor Experiment nuclear reactor. On July 12, 1957, the Sodium Reactor Experiment
845:
At the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, approximately twenty facilities were designed and built in Area IV to manage radioactive materials in support of the nuclear reactor programs. These operations included fuel fabrication, storage and reprocessing, radioactive measurement and calibration and
364:
As time passed, nuclear research and development activities steadily declined. As a result of this decline, Atomics International was organizationally combined with other Rockwell International operations to become the Energy Systems Group in 1978. Atomics International ceased as an autonomous
433:
in December 1955. The reactor-related facilities were examined and determined to be free of residual radioactivity and reused as general office space. The Downey facility was transferred to the City of Downey and the buildings subsequently demolished and replaced with a variety of commercial
357:) at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory. This facility performed the disassembly of fuel rods to support the on-site research and development of the SNAP reactors and for the decladding of nuclear fuel rods from off-site commercial nuclear reactors. Atomics International also developed a
217:, but overall interest in nuclear power steadily declined. The division transitioned to non-nuclear energy-related projects such as coal gasification and gradually ceased designing and testing nuclear reactors. Atomics International was eventually merged with another division (
198:: design, construction and operation of the first nuclear reactor in California (1952), the first nuclear reactor to produce power for a commercial power grid in the United States (1957) and the first nuclear reactor launched into outer space by the United States (1965).
868:(ETEC) specialized in the non-nuclear testing of components which were primarily designed to transfer heat from a nuclear reactor using liquid metals instead of water or gas. Atomics International operated the ETEC as a separate division at SSFL under contract to the
684:
requirements. The AEC was responsible for developing technologies that would allow the requirement to be fulfilled and for carrying out the initial phases of operational tests. From the period 1955 to 1973 when the program was terminated, approximately $ 850 million
274:
was the result of Atomics International initially focusing on developing and commercializing reactor technology by undertaking the design of a nuclear power reactor capable of producing electricity on a commercial basis. Atomics International decided
475:, nuclear reactor fuel fabrication, a gamma irradiation facility, and a radiochemistry laboratory. All of the operations involving radioactive materials were removed by the mid-1990s. The property is now owned and operated by
284:
water is kept under pressure. In the event of an accident, the sudden breach of the high temperature water system (among other things) necessitates a special containment vessel to capture the released pressure.
454:
Canoga facility. Principal work performed at the Vanowen facility included fuel development for the SNAP program, and radiochemistry. The site also supported the design, development and operation of two small
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in 1984 when the Energy Systems Group was ended. Nuclear research programs and operations ceased in 1989 and all non-nuclear research ended in 1998. Rockwell International sold the Rocketdyne division to
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at Building 100 in 1960. The AETR was used to test twenty different reactor core configurations by using an apparatus which supported a range of geometries. The AETR program was terminated in 1972.
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2204:
630:. In July 1959, the narrow internal cooling channels within the reactor fuel rod assemblies became obstructed by an unintended byproduct-produced organic contaminant, causing 13 of 43 reactor
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2184:
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290-acre Area IV. In May 2009, the US Environmental Protection Agency began a $ 41.5 million survey to determine the nature and extent of any radiological contamination within Area IV.
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2194:
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520:(SSFL) Area IV: Development and testing of nuclear reactors, nuclear support operations, and non-nuclear energy research and development at the Energy Technology Engineering Center.
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246:) to manage its government and commercial nuclear research and development activities. The Atomic Energy Research Department designed, constructed and operated a 5 watt thermal
2234:
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409:. Since all of the Atomics International facilities involved radioactive materials to some extent, documentation is available regarding the historical operations at each site.
341:) was established by the U. S. Department of Energy as their center of liquid metal-related research. The ETEC reused many of the buildings formerly used in the SNAP program.
317:
using metallic sodium with graphite as the moderator. Both Hallam and Piqua were beset by technical problems and operated only a few years before being permanently shut down.
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2159:
2119:
2239:
2114:
896:
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Atomics International designed and built a range of low-power (5 to 50,000 watts thermal) nuclear reactors for research, training and isotope production purposes. This
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1920:
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business division, however, their remaining business activities were performed as the Atomics International division of Energy Systems Group, Rockwell International.
2244:
2124:
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In 1957, Japan issued this stamp commemorating the completion of their first nuclear reactor. Translation: "The establishment of the first reactor in Japan – 1957".
201:
Atomics International undertook the development of nuclear reactors soon after being established: a series of commercial nuclear power reactors beginning with the
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393:
division of United Technologies Corporation became the recipient of the remaining technical knowledge from the Atomics International nuclear-related activities.
2164:
2109:
681:
2169:
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2174:
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program undertaken in 1955 by the United States was the development of compact, lightweight, reliable atomic electric devices for space, land and sea. The
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at Downey, California, which on April 21, 1952, became the first nuclear reactor to operate in the State of California. In 1955, the AERD was renamed the
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935:
2144:
96:
1064:
310:
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1108:
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became the first nuclear reactor in the United States to produce electrical power for a commercial power grid by powering the nearby city of
638:. Atomics International personnel repaired the reactor, which was restarted in September 1960 and operated with minor incidents until 1964.
592:
1913:
1835:
865:
859:
468:
406:
338:
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665:
653:
492:
40:
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2139:
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for both commercial and government applications. Atomics International was responsible for a number of accomplishments relating to
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2209:
302:
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The Atomic Energy Research Development Group began operations in the North American Aviation plant located on Lakewood Drive in
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1906:
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1510:
1270:
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A number of specialized facilities were constructed to support SNAP reactor testing and development at ETEC, in Area IV of the
378:
1318:
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SNAP nuclear reactors tested at Santa Susana Field Laboratory, Area IV. (Adapted from Sapere and Boeing, 2005 and Voss, 1984)
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329:
On May 20, 1965, the City of Los Angeles recognized Atomics International on the occasion of the successful SNAP-10A mission.
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in 1965, for nuclear research projects. It was located at Fallbrook Avenue and Roscoe Boulevard in Canoga Park (present day
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714:
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517:
504:
451:
430:
386:
382:
214:
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The American Nuclear Society designated the Sodium Reactor Experiment a Nuclear Historical Landmark on November 13, 1985.
1791:
A general operational history and detailed individual histories for each SSFL Area IV building can be found in the 2005
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In 1959, Atomics International established their headquarters at a complex of buildings located along De Soto Avenue in
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International developed and tested five different SNAP reactors under the Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power Program.
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472:
456:
422:
401:
Atomics International has its beginnings in Downey then moved to several locations in the western end of California's
314:
247:
1843:
1839:
1823:
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Atomics International also engaged in a number of commercial projects. Atomics International built and operated the
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677:
524:
510:
191:
1143:
2003:
869:
673:
635:
618:
528:
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The company subsequently designed and developed a concept demonstration sodium cooled nuclear power unit for the
293:
271:
202:
523:
The research operations conducted by Atomics International are known to have caused some degree of chemical and
1533:"Identification of a debris cloud from the nuclear powered SNAPSHOT satellite with Haystack radar measurements"
443:
1876:
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE): official Energy Technology Engineering Center (ETEC) Cleanup at SSFL website
939:
2061:
1890:– SSFL sitewide (including Area IV) site data, cleanup progress information, and discussion forum (archive).
280:
235:
176:
155:
90:
1073:
1929:
369:
183:
553:
2056:
1446:
1136:
Mass and heat balance for coal gasification by Atomics International's molten salt gasification process
205:(SRE) and a range of compact nuclear reactors culminating with the Systems for Auxiliary Nuclear Power
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1640:
1416:
1345:
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709:
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627:
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The remaining Atomics International business operations were merged into the Rocketdyne division of
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2219:
1986:
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The US Environmental Protection Agency also produced a Historical Site Assessment for SSFL Area IV.
442:
Atomics International occupied a building at the corner of Owensmouth Avenue and Vanowen Street in
402:
390:
1617:
1101:
Nuclear Operations at Rockwell's Santa Susana Field Laboratory – A factual Perspective, Revision C
1974:
589:
476:
418:
374:
187:
17:
1727:"Historical Site Assessment of Area IV Santa Susana Field Laboratory Ventura County, California"
1641:"Historical Site Assessment of Area IV Santa Susana Field Laboratory Ventura County, California"
1474:
1417:"Historical Site Assessment of Area IV Santa Susana Field Laboratory Ventura County, California"
1214:
1173:"Historical Site Assessment of Area IV Santa Susana Field Laboratory Ventura County, California"
1006:
978:"Historical Site Assessment of Area IV Santa Susana Field Laboratory Ventura County, California"
1948:
1881:
358:
1574:
1200:
301:
in Nebraska and a concept demonstration organic (Santowax) cooled nuclear power unit for the
1998:
1958:
1953:
1556:
1548:
1497:. U.S. Air Force Weapons Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico. pp. 1, 2. AFWL-TN-84-14.
1455:
210:
1600:
1594:
DOE: Major Radiological Operations at Energy Technology Engineering Center (ETEC) Timeline
1593:
1581:
1514:
1367:
702:
596:
965:. U.S. Air Force Weapons Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico. p. 57. AFWL-TN-84-14.
1544:
1454:. Second United Nations International conference on the peaceful uses of atomic energy.
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captured the interest of the United States Government and the general public. In 1948,
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133:
1242:
325:
2093:
2018:
1991:
1979:
1943:
1779:
California Department of Toxic Substances Control SSFL Site Investigation and Cleanup
631:
231:
195:
1507:
846:
radioactive waste management and disposal preparation. As of January 2010, only the
39:
1476:
SRE Fuel Element Damage, Final Report of the Atomics International Ad Hoc Committee
1322:
389:
property, including Area IV, with its environmental cleanup responsibilities. The
1878:– includes DOE cleanup of Atomics International facilities in ETEC/SSFL Area IV .
1575:
DOE: History of former Operations at Energy Technology Engineering Center (ETEC)
542:
frequently requires a separate neutron source to maintain critical neutron flux.
2073:
1893:
1778:
1552:
1297:
718:
689:
dollars were spent by the United States to develop the SNAP nuclear reactors.
513:
447:
218:
111:
98:
2008:
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600:
509:
From 1953 to 1989, three primary types of operations were conducted in the
471:, California. The De Soto facility hosted the operation of a ten watt L-77
164:
2078:
1898:
698:
657:
488:
334:
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206:
179:
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1700:
Historical radiological operations at Building 038 (Vanowen Building)
1244:
Historical radiological operations at Building 038 (Vanowen Building)
276:
1882:
Official Boeing Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL) Cleanup website
1614:"approximately twenty facilities were designed and built in Area IV"
1532:
1459:
1391:"Santa Susana Field Laboratory, Area IV, Historical Site Assessment"
1842:
external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
1761:
provides extensive historical and current site cleanup information.
682:
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
2013:
708:
552:
324:
261:
163:
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DOE's former Energy Technology Engineering Center Project website
929:
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1902:
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company) which engaged principally in the early development of
1806:
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remains in operation in support of the DOE's cleanup effort.
421:. They performed basic research and constructed at least one
487:
Space was leased from Thompson-Ramo-Wooldridge Inc, renamed
381:
who combined it with an existing division and renamed them
1884:– including information on Boeing cleanup of ETEC/Area IV.
1672:
Radiological Operations and Cleanup at the DeSoto Facility
1508:
DOE: About the Energy Technology Engineering Center (ETEC)
1272:
Radiological Operations and Cleanup at the DeSoto Facility
1201:
http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Santa_Susana_Field_Lab/
565:
The Advanced Epithermal Thorium Reactor was built for the
305:, in Ohio as experimental demonstration projects for the
1066:
Building 4020 Decontamination and Demolition Final Report
252:
Atomics International division of North American Aviation
1519:
in Area IV, of the Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL).
1831:
1826:
may not follow Knowledge (XXG)'s policies or guidelines
429:. The four watt reactor was shut down and moved to the
82:
Energy Systems Group Division of Rockwell International
2135:
Buildings and structures in Ventura County, California
499:
Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL), Area IV Facility
33:
Atomics International Division North American Aviation
2215:
Nuclear accidents and incidents in the United States
2205:
Non-renewable resource companies established in 1955
1786:
Nuclear-related activities conducted in SSLF Area IV
1166:
1164:
918:
The Search for Alternate Energy, undated publication
2039:
1967:
1936:
149:
139:
127:
86:
78:
70:
62:
54:
46:
1364:"ETEC – Department of Energy ETEC Closure Project"
645:Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power (SNAP) program
2230:Technology companies based in Greater Los Angeles
2185:Industrial buildings and structures in California
897:California Department of Toxic Substances Control
590:a museum exhibit with a Japanese-language website
333:Development of a compact nuclear reactor for the
1539:, vol. 41, no. 7, pp. 1004–1009,
2195:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1978
2155:Defunct companies based in Greater Los Angeles
1894:ACME.org: vintage Atomics International images
266:The Sodium Reactor Experiment facility in 1958
209:system. Both efforts were successful, despite
1914:
1788:can be accessed using an interactive graphic.
1445:Parkins, W.E.; et al. (March 19, 1958).
670:Atomic Energy Commission – AEC
8:
2190:Manufacturing companies based in Los Angeles
377:in 1996. In 2005, Boeing sold Rocketdyne to
238:created an internal organization called the
32:
2235:Technology companies disestablished in 1978
2200:Manufacturing companies established in 1955
1346:"Search for Superfund Sites Where You Live"
854:ETEC – Energy Technology Engineering Center
724:
536:Development and testing of nuclear reactors
1921:
1907:
1899:
1448:Aqueous homogeneous type research reactors
321:SNAP – Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power
31:
2160:Electronics companies established in 1955
2120:American companies disestablished in 1978
1862:Learn how and when to remove this message
1560:
674:Department of Energy – DOE
230:Following World War II, the potential of
2240:Technology companies established in 1955
2115:Aerospace companies of the United States
1531:Stokely, C. & Stansbury, E. (2008),
311:organically moderated and cooled reactor
2130:Buildings and structures in Los Angeles
1216:Radiation survey of the Downey Facility
1142:. Atomics International. Archived from
1008:Radiation survey of the Downey Facility
908:
872:. The ETEC operated from 1966 to 1998.
848:Radioactive Materials Handling Facility
610:Sodium Reactor Experiment (SRE) program
2245:United States Atomic Energy Commission
2125:American companies established in 1955
676:), was the procurement agency for the
576:Homogeneous Water Boiler-type Reactors
361:process using molten salt technology.
2180:History of Ventura County, California
50:Nuclear energy and related technology
27:Defunct US nuclear technology company
7:
2165:Energy companies established in 1955
2110:1978 disestablishments in California
1734:Energy Technology Engineering Center
1669:The Boeing Company (June 12, 2003).
1648:Energy Technology Engineering Center
1424:Energy Technology Engineering Center
1269:The Boeing Company (June 12, 2003).
1213:The Boeing Company (March 1, 2001).
1180:Energy Technology Engineering Center
1038:Energy Technology Engineering Center
1005:The Boeing Company (March 1, 2001).
985:Energy Technology Engineering Center
866:Energy Technology Engineering Center
860:Energy Technology Engineering Center
339:Energy Technology Engineering Center
2170:Energy infrastructure in California
802:Duplicate of launched SNAP 10A FS-4
666:Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power
654:Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power
550:Advanced Epithermal Thorium Reactor
385:. Boeing retained ownership of the
335:Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power
309:. The Piqua reactor was a 45.5 MWe
2175:History of the San Fernando Valley
1473:Ashley, R.L.; et al. (1961).
1344:US EPA, OLEM (September 4, 2015).
1319:"Administrative Orders on Consent"
1098:Odenkamp, R.D. (August 15, 1991).
1034:"Sodium Component Testing at SSFL"
567:Southwest Atomic Power Association
25:
2105:1955 establishments in California
1697:Phil Rutherford (June 12, 2003).
1241:Phil Rutherford (June 12, 2003).
483:Thompson-Ramo-Wooldridge Facility
299:Hallam Nuclear Generating Station
240:Atomic Energy Research Department
18:Atomic Energy Research Department
2145:Civilian nuclear power accidents
1811:
934:U.S. Energy Information Agency.
303:Piqua Nuclear Generating Station
38:
379:United Technologies Corporation
258:SRE – Sodium Reactor Experiment
2150:Companies based in Los Angeles
768:SNAP (2) Developmental Reactor
383:Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne
355:Rockwell International Hot Lab
1:
936:"California Nuclear Industry"
891:Santa Susana Field Laboratory
715:Santa Susana Field Laboratory
695:Santa Susana Field Laboratory
518:Santa Susana Field Laboratory
505:Santa Susana Field Laboratory
431:Santa Susana Field Laboratory
387:Santa Susana Field Laboratory
351:Atomics International Hot Lab
345:Other nuclear energy projects
215:Santa Susana Field Laboratory
1063:Kneff, D.W. (October 2001).
819:SNAP 8 Developmental Reactor
457:aqueous homogeneous reactors
1725:Sapere; Boeing (May 2005).
1639:Sapere; Boeing (May 2005).
1493:Voss, Susan (August 1984).
1415:Sapere; Boeing (May 2005).
1389:Sapere; Boeing (May 2005).
1171:Sapere; Boeing (May 2005).
1040:. June 2006. Archived from
976:Sapere; Boeing (May 2005).
961:Voss, Susan (August 1984).
785:SNAP 8 Experimental Reactor
678:Department of Defense (DOD)
585:aqueous homogeneous reactor
473:aqueous homogeneous reactor
427:Water Boiler Neutron Source
423:aqueous homogeneous reactor
315:liquid metal cooled reactor
248:aqueous homogeneous reactor
2261:
2024:Collins 207B-1 Transmitter
1793:Historical Site Assessment
1599:February 15, 2013, at the
1537:Advances in Space Research
857:
838:Nuclear support operations
651:
616:
525:radiological contamination
502:
438:Vanowen Boulevard Facility
2052:Allen-Bradley Clock Tower
2004:Air Routing International
1888:Cleanup SSFL Yahoo! group
1553:10.1016/j.asr.2007.03.046
870:U.S. Department of Energy
751:SNAP Experimental Reactor
742:
739:
736:
733:
619:Sodium Reactor Experiment
529:U.S. Department of Energy
397:Facilities and operations
272:Sodium Reactor Experiment
203:Sodium Reactor Experiment
37:
2140:Canoga Park, Los Angeles
730:
307:Atomic Energy Commission
2210:North American Aviation
2062:North American Aviation
876:Ownership and licensing
463:De Soto Avenue Facility
281:nuclear reactor coolant
279:was a more appropriate
236:North American Aviation
182:(later acquired by the
177:North American Aviation
156:North American Aviation
91:Canoga Park, California
2079:Rockwell Semiconductor
2057:Evans & Sutherland
1930:Rockwell International
1752:Additional information
1580:July 19, 2013, at the
1513:July 19, 2013, at the
722:
595:April 2, 2011, at the
558:
370:Rockwell International
330:
267:
184:Rockwell International
175:was a division of the
169:
2100:Atomics International
2067:Atomics International
1495:SNAP Reactor Overview
1370:on September 11, 2016
1325:on September 11, 2016
1149:on September 23, 2008
963:SNAP Reactor Overview
743:SSFL building number
712:
664:The objective of the
634:to partially melt in
556:
328:
265:
173:Atomics International
167:
2047:Admiral Radio and TV
1832:improve this article
1706:. The Boeing Company
1678:. The Boeing Company
1278:. The Boeing Company
1250:. The Boeing Company
1222:. The Boeing Company
1044:on February 20, 2013
1014:. The Boeing Company
672:(predecessor to the
1987:Rockwell Automation
1844:footnote references
1620:on December 9, 2009
1603:. accessed 2.8.2014
1584:. accessed 2.8.2014
1545:2008AdSpR..41.1004S
1521:. accessed 2.8.2014
1482:. NAA-SR-4488-supl.
727:
626:the nearby city of
403:San Fernando Valley
391:Hamilton Sundstrand
353:(later renamed the
313:while Hallam was a
141:Number of employees
108: /
34:
1975:Draper Corporation
1203:DTSC-SSFL_homepage
1133:Trilling, Thomas.
942:on January 5, 2010
725:
723:
559:
477:Aerojet Rocketdyne
450:, adjacent to the
419:Downey, California
375:The Boeing Company
331:
268:
188:nuclear technology
170:
112:34.229°N 118.714°W
2087:
2086:
1949:Arthur A. Collins
1872:
1871:
1864:
832:
831:
754:Sep 1959 – Dec 60
359:coal gasification
211:nuclear accidents
162:
161:
16:(Redirected from
2252:
1999:Rockwell Collins
1959:Willard Rockwell
1954:Clayton M. Jones
1923:
1916:
1909:
1900:
1867:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1847:
1815:
1814:
1807:
1784:A review of the
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1722:
1716:
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1713:
1711:
1705:
1694:
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1677:
1666:
1660:
1659:
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1655:
1645:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1616:. Archived from
1610:
1604:
1591:
1585:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1562:2060/20060028182
1528:
1522:
1505:
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1490:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1453:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1421:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1395:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1366:. Archived from
1360:
1354:
1353:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1321:. Archived from
1315:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1277:
1266:
1260:
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1227:
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1189:
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1177:
1168:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1148:
1141:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1113:
1107:. Archived from
1106:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1078:
1072:. Archived from
1071:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1013:
1002:
996:
995:
993:
991:
982:
973:
967:
966:
958:
952:
951:
949:
947:
938:. Archived from
931:
922:
921:
916:Remley, Marlin.
913:
728:
527:to Area IV. The
192:nuclear reactors
123:
122:
120:
119:
118:
117:34.229; -118.714
113:
109:
106:
105:
104:
101:
42:
35:
21:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2035:
1963:
1932:
1927:
1868:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1829:
1820:This section's
1816:
1812:
1805:
1754:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1729:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1651:
1650:. pp. 2–11
1643:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1623:
1621:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1601:Wayback Machine
1592:
1588:
1582:Wayback Machine
1573:
1569:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:Wayback Machine
1506:
1502:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1479:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1460:10.2172/4315502
1451:
1444:
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1427:
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1399:
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1362:
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1317:
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1312:
1302:
1300:
1296:
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1263:
1253:
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1212:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1195:
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1183:
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1169:
1162:
1152:
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1146:
1139:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1114:on May 27, 2010
1111:
1104:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1082:
1080:
1079:on May 27, 2010
1076:
1069:
1062:
1061:
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989:
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975:
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960:
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945:
943:
933:
932:
925:
915:
914:
910:
906:
887:
878:
862:
856:
805:Jan 65 – Mar 66
788:May 63 – Apr 65
771:Apr 61 – Dec 62
765:SDR a.k.a. S2DR
717:(SSFL), in the
703:nuclear reactor
660:
621:
597:Wayback Machine
538:
507:
501:
485:
465:
440:
415:
413:Downey Facility
399:
347:
323:
292:. In July 1959
260:
228:
226:Company history
142:
130:
116:
114:
110:
107:
102:
99:
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93:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
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2167:
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2157:
2152:
2147:
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2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2092:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1885:
1879:
1870:
1869:
1824:external links
1819:
1817:
1810:
1804:
1803:External links
1801:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1763:
1762:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1736:. pp. 3–1
1717:
1689:
1661:
1631:
1605:
1586:
1567:
1523:
1500:
1485:
1465:
1437:
1426:. pp. 2–3
1407:
1396:. p. BB-1
1381:
1355:
1336:
1310:
1289:
1261:
1233:
1205:
1193:
1160:
1125:
1090:
1055:
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997:
968:
953:
923:
907:
905:
902:
901:
900:
894:
886:
883:
877:
874:
858:Main article:
855:
852:
843:
842:
841:
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829:
826:
823:
822:Jun 68 –Dec 69
820:
817:
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812:
809:
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803:
800:
796:
795:
792:
789:
786:
783:
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766:
762:
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758:
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749:
745:
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741:
738:
735:
732:
662:
661:
649:
648:
647:
623:
622:
617:Main article:
614:
613:
612:
581:
580:
579:
578:
563:
562:
561:
560:
544:
543:
537:
534:
511:Ventura County
503:Main article:
500:
497:
484:
481:
464:
461:
439:
436:
414:
411:
398:
395:
346:
343:
322:
319:
259:
256:
227:
224:
196:nuclear energy
160:
159:
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147:
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140:
137:
136:
134:Chauncey Starr
131:
128:
125:
124:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
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52:
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43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2201:
2198:
2196:
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2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
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2151:
2148:
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2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2019:B/E Aerospace
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1992:Allen-Bradley
1990:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1980:Northrop Loom
1978:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1944:Lynde Bradley
1942:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1924:
1919:
1917:
1912:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1866:
1863:
1855:
1845:
1841:
1840:inappropriate
1837:
1833:
1827:
1825:
1818:
1809:
1808:
1802:
1797:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1776:
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1770:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1718:
1702:
1701:
1693:
1690:
1674:
1673:
1665:
1662:
1649:
1642:
1635:
1632:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1595:
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1583:
1579:
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1568:
1563:
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1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1489:
1486:
1478:
1477:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1449:
1441:
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1418:
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1408:
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1369:
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1359:
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1347:
1340:
1337:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1274:
1273:
1265:
1262:
1246:
1245:
1237:
1234:
1218:
1217:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1194:
1182:. p. 2-1
1181:
1174:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1145:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1126:
1110:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1091:
1075:
1068:
1067:
1059:
1056:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1010:
1009:
1001:
998:
986:
979:
972:
969:
964:
957:
954:
941:
937:
930:
928:
924:
919:
912:
909:
903:
898:
895:
892:
889:
888:
884:
882:
875:
873:
871:
867:
861:
853:
851:
849:
839:
836:
835:
834:
833:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
814:
810:
807:
804:
801:
799:SNAP 10A FS-3
798:
797:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
780:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
763:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
746:
740:Power (kWth)
729:
720:
716:
711:
707:
704:
701:was the only
700:
696:
690:
688:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
659:
655:
650:
646:
643:
642:
641:
640:
639:
637:
633:
632:fuel elements
629:
620:
615:
611:
608:
607:
606:
605:
604:
602:
598:
594:
591:
586:
577:
574:
573:
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570:
568:
555:
551:
548:
547:
546:
545:
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512:
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404:
396:
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388:
384:
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362:
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344:
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336:
327:
320:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
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295:
291:
285:
282:
278:
273:
264:
257:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:nuclear power
225:
223:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
178:
174:
166:
157:
154:
152:
148:
144:
138:
135:
132:
126:
121:
92:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
2066:
1968:Subsidiaries
1858:
1849:
1834:by removing
1821:
1768:
1738:. Retrieved
1733:
1720:
1708:. Retrieved
1699:
1692:
1680:. Retrieved
1671:
1664:
1652:. Retrieved
1647:
1634:
1622:. Retrieved
1618:the original
1608:
1589:
1570:
1536:
1526:
1518:
1503:
1494:
1488:
1475:
1468:
1447:
1440:
1428:. Retrieved
1423:
1410:
1398:. Retrieved
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1368:the original
1358:
1349:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1323:the original
1313:
1301:. Retrieved
1292:
1280:. Retrieved
1271:
1264:
1252:. Retrieved
1243:
1236:
1224:. Retrieved
1215:
1208:
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1179:
1151:. Retrieved
1144:the original
1135:
1128:
1118:December 25,
1116:. Retrieved
1109:the original
1100:
1093:
1083:December 25,
1081:. Retrieved
1074:the original
1065:
1058:
1046:. Retrieved
1042:the original
1037:
1028:
1016:. Retrieved
1007:
1000:
988:. Retrieved
984:
971:
962:
956:
944:. Retrieved
940:the original
917:
911:
879:
863:
847:
844:
837:
731:Designation
697:(SSFL). The
691:
686:
663:
644:
624:
609:
582:
575:
566:
564:
549:
522:
508:
486:
466:
441:
426:
416:
400:
367:
363:
354:
350:
348:
332:
286:
269:
251:
243:
239:
229:
200:
172:
171:
87:Headquarters
29:
1852:August 2016
1740:October 13,
1710:October 13,
1682:October 13,
1654:October 13,
1430:October 13,
1400:October 13,
1350:www.epa.gov
1282:October 13,
1226:October 13,
1186:October 13,
1048:October 13,
990:October 13,
636:an incident
469:Canoga Park
444:Canoga Park
434:buildings.
407:Canoga Park
294:an accident
158:(1933–1967)
115: /
103:118°42′50″W
2225:Simi Hills
2220:Rocketdyne
2094:Categories
2074:Rocketdyne
1624:January 3,
1374:August 31,
1329:August 31,
1303:August 31,
1018:January 1,
946:January 1,
904:References
719:Simi Hills
687:then-years
652:See also:
514:Simi Hills
493:West Hills
452:Rocketdyne
448:California
425:named the
219:Rocketdyne
129:Key people
100:34°13′44″N
2009:AN/ART-13
1836:excessive
1795:document.
601:Tokaimura
222:cleanup.
79:Successor
1781:website.
1597:Archived
1578:Archived
1511:Archived
1254:July 26,
1153:July 26,
885:See also
825:600/1000
699:SNAP-10A
658:SNAP-10A
628:Moorpark
603:, Japan
593:Archived
290:Moorpark
207:SNAP-10A
47:Industry
2040:Related
1830:Please
1822:use of
1541:Bibcode
693:of the
213:at the
180:company
63:Defunct
55:Founded
2029:R-390A
1937:People
1298:"ACME"
899:(DTSC)
893:(SSFL)
277:sodium
151:Parent
74:merger
2014:ARINC
1769:as do
1730:(PDF)
1704:(PDF)
1676:(PDF)
1644:(PDF)
1480:(PDF)
1452:(PDF)
1420:(PDF)
1394:(PDF)
1276:(PDF)
1248:(PDF)
1220:(PDF)
1176:(PDF)
1147:(PDF)
1140:(PDF)
1112:(PDF)
1105:(PDF)
1077:(PDF)
1070:(PDF)
1012:(PDF)
981:(PDF)
737:Date
734:Name
145:9,000
1777:The
1757:The
1742:2012
1712:2012
1684:2012
1656:2012
1626:2010
1432:2012
1402:2012
1376:2016
1331:2016
1305:2016
1284:2012
1256:2009
1228:2012
1188:2012
1155:2009
1120:2009
1085:2009
1050:2012
1020:2010
992:2012
948:2010
864:The
828:059
816:S8DR
811:024
794:010
782:S8ER
777:024
760:010
680:and
656:and
270:The
244:AERD
190:and
71:Fate
66:1978
58:1955
1838:or
1557:hdl
1549:doi
1456:doi
791:600
748:SER
599:at
516:at
495:).
489:TRW
405:in
2096::
1732:.
1646:.
1555:,
1547:,
1535:,
1517:–
1422:.
1348:.
1178:.
1163:^
1036:.
983:.
926:^
808:38
774:65
757:50
479:.
446:,
254:.
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1865:)
1859:(
1854:)
1850:(
1846:.
1828:.
1744:.
1714:.
1686:.
1658:.
1628:.
1559::
1551::
1543::
1462:.
1458::
1434:.
1404:.
1378:.
1352:.
1333:.
1307:.
1286:.
1258:.
1230:.
1190:.
1157:.
1122:.
1087:.
1052:.
1022:.
994:.
950:.
920:.
721:.
242:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
