450:
427:
567:
InChI=1S/C43H67N11O12S2/c1-5-23(3)35-41(63)53-36(24(4)55)42(64)50-29(20-32(45)56)38(60)51-30(43(65)54-17-8-10-31(54)40(62)49-27(9-7-16-44)37(59)47-21-33(46)57)22-68-67-18-15-34(58)48-28(39(61)52-35)19-25-11-13-26(14-12-25)66-6-2/h11-14,23-24,27-31,35-36,55H,5-10,15-22,44H2,1-4H3,(H2,45,56)(H2,46,57)(H,47,59)(H,48,58)(H,49,62)(H,50,64)(H,51,60)(H,52,61)(H,53,63)/t23-,24+,27-,28+,29-,30-,31-,35-,36-/m0/s1
525:
31:
760:— showed a significant increase in the proportion of women undelivered by 48 hours in women receiving atosiban compared to placebo. When compared with β agonists, atosiban increased the proportion of women undelivered by 48 hours and was safer compared to β agonists. Therefore, oxytocin antagonists appear to be effective and safe for tocolysis in preterm labour.
2524:
943:
739:
Atosiban was approved in the
European Union in January 2000 and launched in the European Union in April 2000. As of June 2007, atosiban was approved in 67 countries, excluding the United States and Japan. It was understood that Ferring did not expect to seek approval for atosiban in the US or Japan,
658:
Atosiban is used to delay birth in adult women who are 24 to 33 weeks pregnant, when they show signs that they may give birth pre-term (prematurely). These signs include regular contractions lasting at least 30 seconds at a rate of at least four every 30 minutes, and dilation of the cervix (the neck
676:
from the myometrial cell membrane. As a result, reduced release of intracellular, stored calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of myometrial cells and reduced influx of Ca from the extracellular space through voltage-gated channels occur. In addition, atosiban suppresses oxytocin-mediated release
809:
Multicentre, controlled trial of atosiban vs. ritodrine in 128 women shows a significantly better tocolytic efficacy after 7 days in the atosiban group than in the ritodrine group (60.3 versus 34.9%), but not at 48 hours (68.3 versus 58.7%). Maternal adverse events were reported less frequently in
705:
First- and second-trimester bleeding was more prevalent in ART than in spontaneous pregnancies. From 2004 to 2010, 33 first-trimester pregnancies with vaginal bleeding after ART with evident uterine contractions, when using atosiban and/or ritodrine, no preterm delivery occurred before 30 weeks.
796:
A 2012 clinical trial compared tocolytic efficacy and tolerability of atosiban with that of nifedipine. Forty-eight (68.6%) women allocated to atosiban and 39 (52%) to nifedipine did not deliver and did not require an alternate agent at 48 hours, respectively (p=.03). Atosiban has fewer failures
721:
for tocolysis in women with preterm labor (20–36 weeks), but it has been assigned to pregnancy category C by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration, so is not recommended before 20 weeks, or in the first trimester. A report from 2011 supports the use of atosiban, even at very early pregnancy, to
792:
in the suppression of preterm labour concluded that atosiban and nifedipine are effective in delaying delivery for seven days or more in women presenting with preterm labour. A total of 68.3% of women in the atosiban group remained undelivered at seven days or more, compared with 64.7% in the
680:
In human preterm labour, atosiban, at the recommended dosage, antagonises uterine contractions and induces uterine quiescence. The onset of uterus relaxation following atosiban is rapid, uterine contractions being significantly reduced within 10 minutes to achieve stable uterine quiescence.
800:
A 2009 randomised controlled study demonstrated for the first time the direct effects of atosiban on fetal movement, heart rate, and blood flow. Tocolysis with either atosiban or nifedipine combined with betamethasone administration had no direct fetal adverse effects.
730:
Following the launch of atosiban in 2000, the calculated cumulative patient exposure to atosiban (January 2000 to
December 2005) is estimated as 156,468 treatment cycles. To date, routine monitoring of drug safety has revealed no major safety issues.
1540:
Shim JY, Park YW, Yoon BH, Cho YK, Yang JH, Lee Y, Kim A (November 2006). "Multicentre, parallel group, randomised, single-blind study of the safety and efficacy of atosiban versus ritodrine in the treatment of acute preterm labour in Korean women".
740:
focusing instead on development of new compounds for use in
Spontaneous Preterm Labor (SPTL). The fact that atosiban only had a short duration before it was out of patent that the parent drug company decided not to pursue licensing in the US.
1781:
638:
and first reported in the literature in 1985. Originally marketed by
Ferring Pharmaceuticals, it is licensed in proprietary and generic forms for the delay of imminent preterm birth in pregnant adult women.
775:
in the major outcomes i.e. pregnancy prolongation or neonatal outcomes. The finding of an increase in infant deaths in one placebo-controlled trial warrants caution. Further research is recommended.
810:
the atosiban group (7.9 vs 70.8%), resulting in fewer early drug terminations due to adverse events (0 versus 20%). Therefore, atosiban is superior to ritodrine in the treatment of preterm labour.
160:
1774:
1304:
It was for this reason and the fact that
Tractocile (atosiban) only had a short duration before it was out of patent that the parent drug company decided not to pursue licensing in the USA.
793:
nifedipine group. They have the same efficacy and associated minor side effects. However, flushing, palpitation, and hypotension were significantly higher in the nifedipine group.
1767:
115:
583:
672:
Atosiban is a nonapeptide, desamino-oxytocin analogue, and a competitive vasopressin/oxytocin receptor antagonist (VOTra). Atosiban inhibits the oxytocin-mediated release of
960:
Akerlund M, Carlsson AM, Melin P, Trojnar J (1985). "The effect on the human uterus of two newly developed competitive inhibitors of oxytocin and vasopressin".
659:
of the womb) of 1 to 3 cm and an effacement (a measure of the thinness of the cervix) of 50% or more. In addition, the baby must have a normal heart rate.
53:
1497:
de Heus R, Mulder EJ, Derks JB, Visser GH (June 2009). "The effects of the tocolytics atosiban and nifedipine on fetal movements, heart rate and blood flow".
539:
1621:
1098:
Lan VT, Khang VN, Nhu GH, Tuong HM (September 2012). "Atosiban improves implantation and pregnancy rates in patients with repeated implantation failure".
2559:
90:
2544:
1059:"Use of an oxytocin antagonist in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer for women with repeated implantation failure: a retrospective study"
1395:
Saleh SS, Al-Ramahi MQ, Al
Kazaleh FA (January 2013). "Atosiban and nifedipine in the suppression of pre-term labour: a comparative study".
1704:
1316:
Coomarasamy A, Knox EM, Gee H, Khan KS (November 2002). "Oxytocin antagonists for tocolysis in preterm labour -- a systematic review".
559:
2192:
2048:
2296:
2001:
1614:
827:
204:
145:
71:
1270:
Lamont CD, Jørgensen JS, Lamont RF (September 2016). "The safety of tocolytics used for the inhibition of preterm labour".
699:
2514:
2574:
346:
406:
1607:
2564:
926:
547:
O=C(N)CNC(=O)(NC(=O)3N(C(=O)1NC(=O)(NC(=O)(NC(=O)(NC(=O)(NC(=O)CCSSC1)Cc2ccc(OCC)cc2)(C)CC)(O)C)CC(=O)N)CCC3)CCCN
85:
1643:
710:
295:
1722:
757:
631:
101:
1869:
445:
1235:
Lamont RF, Kam KY (March 2008). "Atosiban as a tocolytic for the treatment of spontaneous preterm labor".
764:
673:
395:
2569:
883:"Tractocile 7.5 mg/ml Concentrate for Solution for Infusion - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)"
286:
2039:
1794:
2554:
1919:
422:
241:
108:
2365:
2276:
2271:
2127:
2122:
1864:
1859:
1797:
1566:
1522:
1476:
1420:
1295:
985:
2429:
2424:
2380:
1981:
1976:
1931:
1881:
1849:
1829:
1819:
2449:
2266:
2137:
2117:
1966:
1961:
1941:
1759:
921:
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2468:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2400:
2286:
2182:
1805:
1790:
1748:
1558:
1514:
1468:
1412:
1370:
1325:
1287:
1252:
1210:
1159:
1115:
1080:
1036:
977:
749:
718:
623:
173:
43:
2251:
1447:"Nifedipine compared with atosiban for treating preterm labor: a randomized controlled trial"
752:
of atosiban for tocolysis in preterm labour, six clinical studies — two compared atosiban to
335:
2395:
2177:
2172:
2157:
2019:
1901:
1740:
1550:
1506:
1458:
1404:
1360:
1352:
1279:
1244:
1200:
1190:
1149:
1107:
1070:
1026:
1016:
969:
462:
1946:
355:
250:
2528:
1839:
627:
1138:"Using atosiban in uterine contractions of early pregnancies after assisted reproduction"
858:"Tractocile 7.5 mg/ml Solution for Injection - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)"
1588:
1365:
1344:
1005:"Critical appraisal and clinical utility of atosiban in the management of preterm labor"
449:
426:
2500:
2459:
2024:
1599:
1205:
1178:
1031:
1004:
797:
within 48 hours. Nifedipine may be associated with a longer postponement of delivery.
2538:
2496:
1665:
1554:
1179:"Nifedipine in the management of preterm labor: a systematic review and metaanalysis"
947:
882:
857:
438:
1570:
1526:
1480:
1424:
989:
835:
275:
2340:
2310:
2226:
2206:
2082:
1634:
1356:
1299:
128:
123:
1283:
767:
showed that while atosiban had fewer side effects than alternative drugs (such as
1463:
1446:
1408:
2492:
2345:
2330:
2315:
2256:
2231:
2221:
2211:
2147:
2087:
2077:
2072:
2062:
1834:
1712:
1675:
722:
decrease the frequency of uterine contractions to enhance success of pregnancy.
643:
616:
612:
1195:
1154:
1137:
1111:
1075:
1058:
771:), other beta blockers, and calcium channel antagonists, it was no better than
2419:
2385:
2375:
2370:
2360:
2261:
2167:
2112:
2107:
2006:
1896:
1824:
1730:
1510:
1343:
Flenady V, Reinebrant HE, Liley HG, Tambimuttu EG, Papatsonis DN (June 2014).
973:
789:
619:
501:
326:
1256:
1248:
788:
A 2013 retrospective study comparing the efficacy and safety of atosiban and
2390:
2350:
2325:
2236:
2216:
2142:
2092:
2067:
2029:
2014:
1991:
1971:
1956:
1951:
1936:
1926:
1874:
1844:
1670:
1660:
1655:
1630:
768:
57:
1562:
1518:
1472:
1416:
1374:
1329:
1291:
1214:
1163:
1119:
1084:
1040:
63:
981:
2335:
2162:
1996:
1891:
1854:
1685:
1445:
Salim R, Garmi G, Nachum Z, Zafran N, Baram S, Shalev E (December 2012).
608:
306:
22:
315:
30:
2464:
2320:
2246:
2132:
1886:
1021:
772:
753:
261:
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635:
386:
375:
524:
515:
946:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
366:
180:
167:
80:
1763:
1603:
1345:"Oxytocin receptor antagonists for inhibiting preterm labour"
89:
411:
1142:
Journal of the
Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan Yi Zhi
154:
1177:
Conde-Agudelo A, Romero R, Kusanovic JP (February 2011).
694:
Atosiban is useful in improving the pregnancy outcome of
698:
fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in patients with
1057:
Chou PY, Wu MH, Pan HA, Hung KH, Chang FM (June 2011).
590:
2512:
1499:
The
Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
2482:
2409:
2295:
2191:
2047:
2038:
1804:
1739:
1721:
1703:
1684:
1642:
709:In a 2010 meta-analysis, nifedipine is superior to
513:
500:
461:
456:
437:
405:
385:
365:
345:
325:
305:
294:
285:
260:
240:
195:
144:
139:
114:
100:
70:
52:
42:
37:
702:. The pregnancy rate improved from zero to 43.7%.
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
906:
904:
1063:Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
274:
1492:
1490:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
249:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1052:
1050:
607:among others, is an inhibitor of the hormones
1775:
1615:
1183:American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
962:Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
8:
1237:Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology
21:
1349:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
188:In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
2044:
1782:
1768:
1760:
1622:
1608:
1600:
448:
425:
334:
1462:
1364:
1204:
1194:
1153:
1136:Wu MY, Chen SU, Yang YS (December 2011).
1074:
1030:
1020:
1009:Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
354:
690:Atosiban use after assisted reproduction
2519:
819:
564:
544:
421:
314:
209:
439:
20:
1397:Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
394:
62:
7:
1595:. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
1131:
1129:
127:
828:"Atosiban International Drug Names"
374:
265:
14:
677:of PGE and PGF from the decidua.
2560:Vasopressin receptor antagonists
2522:
1555:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01053.x
1003:Sanu O, Lamont RF (April 2010).
941:
763:A 2014 systematic review by the
479:
473:
29:
1100:Reproductive Biomedicine Online
834:. 10 April 2020. Archived from
572:Key:VWXRQYYUEIYXCZ-OBIMUBPZSA-N
1357:10.1002/14651858.CD004452.pub3
491:
485:
467:
1:
2545:Oxytocin receptor antagonists
1284:10.1080/14740338.2016.1187128
1272:Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
700:repeated implantation failure
212:1-(3-Mercaptopropanoic acid)-
1464:10.1097/aog.0b013e3182755dff
1409:10.3109/01443615.2012.721822
715:adrenergic receptor agonists
603:, sold under the brand name
642:The most commonly reported
48:Tractocile, Antocin, others
2591:
1196:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.11.038
1155:10.1016/j.jfma.2011.11.016
1112:10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.05.014
1076:10.1016/j.tjog.2011.04.003
457:Chemical and physical data
2351:Vasotocin (argiprestocin)
2346:Vasopressin (argipressin)
2237:Vasotocin (argiprestocin)
2232:Vasopressin (argipressin)
2093:Vasotocin (argiprestocin)
2088:Vasopressin (argipressin)
1875:Vasotocin (argiprestocin)
1511:10.1080/14767050802702349
1451:Obstetrics and Gynecology
974:10.3109/00016348509156728
927:European Medicines Agency
580:
555:
535:
200:
28:
1723:Calcium channel blockers
1249:10.1586/17474108.3.2.163
1648:adrenoreceptor agonists
1593:Drug Information Portal
1318:Medical Science Monitor
784:Atosiban vs. nifedipine
756:and four atosiban to a
632:Ferring Pharmaceuticals
2267:ORG-52186 (SCH-740935)
1989:Catabolism inhibitors:
805:Atosiban vs. ritodrine
765:Cochrane Collaboration
674:inositol trisphosphate
630:. It was developed by
1795:vasopressin receptor
1633:/labor repressants (
1189:(2): 134.e1–134.20.
626:(tocolytic) to halt
2575:Sec-Butyl compounds
1997:Bestatin (ubenimex)
1324:(11): RA268–RA273.
931:. 17 September 2018
838:on 27 December 2019
668:Mechanism of action
615:. It is used as an
232:-ornithine-oxytocin
176:(Prescription only)
163:(Prescription only)
64:UK Drug Information
25:
1022:10.2147/tcrm.s9378
744:Systematic reviews
735:Regulatory affairs
2510:
2509:
2490:Carrier proteins:
2478:
2477:
2469:lithium carbonate
2457:Other inhibitors:
2009:
1865:PF-06655075 (PF1)
1757:
1756:
1749:Magnesium sulfate
1741:Myosin inhibitors
1549:(11): 1228–1234.
922:"Tractocile EPAR"
750:systematic review
726:Pharmacovigilance
719:magnesium sulfate
624:labour repressant
598:
597:
526:Interactive image
407:CompTox Dashboard
231:
225:
221:
184:
171:
158:
83:
16:Chemical compound
2582:
2565:Ethoxy compounds
2527:
2526:
2525:
2518:
2045:
2020:o-Phenanthroline
2007:
1784:
1777:
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1624:
1617:
1610:
1601:
1596:
1575:
1574:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1494:
1485:
1484:
1466:
1457:(6): 1323–1331.
1442:
1429:
1428:
1392:
1379:
1378:
1368:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1278:(9): 1163–1173.
1267:
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1840:Lipo-oxytocin-1
1800:
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1351:(6): CD004452.
1342:
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779:Clinical trials
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670:
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628:premature labor
589:
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584:(what is this?)
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2460:Demeclocycline
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2025:Phosphoramidon
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222:-tyrosine)-4-
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185: Rx-only
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41:
38:Clinical data
36:
32:
27:
19:
2570:Nonapeptides
2489:
2456:
2417:Antagonists:
2416:
2366:JNJ-17079166
2358:Antagonists:
2357:
2341:Terlipressin
2311:Desmopressin
2307:
2283:
2277:TASP-0390325
2272:TASP-0233278
2244:Antagonists:
2243:
2227:Terlipressin
2207:Desmopressin
2203:
2128:JNJ-17308616
2123:JNJ-17079166
2102:
2100:Antagonists:
2099:
2083:Terlipressin
2059:
1988:
1924:Non-peptide:
1923:
1914:
1911:
1909:Antagonists:
1908:
1879:Non-peptide:
1878:
1816:
1813:
1694:
1592:
1546:
1542:
1535:
1502:
1498:
1454:
1450:
1403:(1): 43–45.
1400:
1396:
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1321:
1317:
1311:
1303:
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1103:
1099:
1093:
1066:
1062:
1012:
1008:
998:
965:
961:
955:
933:. Retrieved
925:
891:. Retrieved
886:
877:
865:. Retrieved
861:
852:
840:. Retrieved
836:the original
831:
822:
808:
799:
795:
787:
762:
747:
738:
729:
708:
704:
695:
693:
679:
671:
663:Pharmacology
657:
654:Medical uses
641:
604:
600:
599:
588:
582:
396:ChEMBL378642
215:
146:Legal status
140:Legal status
72:License data
18:
2493:Neurophysin
2331:Ornipressin
2316:Felypressin
2257:Brezivaptan
2222:Ornipressin
2212:Felypressin
2148:Relcovaptan
2078:Selepressin
2073:Ornipressin
2063:Felypressin
2040:Vasopressin
2010:-Methionine
1860:PF-06478939
1835:Demoxytocin
1713:Indometacin
1688:antagonists
1676:Terbutaline
1148:(12): 800.
1015:: 191–199.
644:side effect
617:intravenous
613:vasopressin
509: g·mol
446:100.234.128
226:-threonine-
196:Identifiers
109:Intravenous
44:Trade names
2555:Tocolytics
2539:Categories
2430:RWJ-339489
2425:Ribuvaptan
2420:Balovaptan
2386:Satavaptan
2381:RWJ-351647
2376:Mozavaptan
2371:Lixivaptan
2361:Conivaptan
2262:Nelivaptan
2168:WAY-267464
2113:Conivaptan
2108:Balovaptan
1982:WAY-162720
1977:SSR-126768
1932:Cligosiban
1897:WAY-267464
1850:Nacartocin
1830:Cargutocin
1825:Carbetocin
1820:Aspartocin
1798:modulators
1731:Nifedipine
1631:Tocolytics
1589:"Atosiban"
814:References
790:nifedipine
685:Other uses
620:medication
605:Tractocile
514:3D model (
502:Molar mass
356:081D12SI0Z
327:ChemSpider
287:IUPHAR/BPS
251:90779-69-4
242:CAS Number
205:IUPAC name
2450:YM-222546
2391:Tolvaptan
2326:Lypressin
2308:Agonists:
2217:Lypressin
2204:Agonists:
2143:PF-184563
2138:LY-307174
2118:FR-218944
2068:Lypressin
2060:Agonists:
2030:Puromycin
2015:Leupeptin
1992:Amastatin
1972:Retosiban
1967:Nolasiban
1962:L-372,662
1957:L-371,257
1952:L-368,899
1942:Erlosiban
1937:Epelsiban
1927:Barusiban
1845:Merotocin
1814:Agonists:
1671:Ritodrine
1661:Fenoterol
1656:Buphenine
1257:1747-4108
832:Drugs.com
769:ritodrine
758:β agonist
102:Routes of
58:Drugs.com
2550:Peptides
2529:Medicine
2445:VMAX-382
2440:VMAX-372
2435:VMAX-367
2410:Unsorted
2401:YM-35471
2336:TC OT 39
2287:TASP-699
2284:Ligands:
2183:YM-35471
2163:TC OT 39
2103:Atosiban
1915:Atosiban
1912:Peptide:
1892:TC OT 39
1855:Oxytocin
1817:Peptide:
1806:Oxytocin
1791:Oxytocin
1695:Atosiban
1686:Oxytocin
1571:27031083
1563:16978233
1527:35810758
1519:19479644
1481:22487349
1473:23168756
1425:20753923
1417:23259877
1375:24903678
1366:11086629
1330:12444392
1292:27159501
1215:21284967
1164:22248840
1120:22818095
1085:21791296
1041:20463780
990:25799128
935:29 April
893:29 April
867:29 April
842:29 April
696:in vitro
609:oxytocin
601:Atosiban
591:(verify)
307:DrugBank
116:ATC code
23:Atosiban
2465:Lithium
2321:LIT-001
2252:ABT-558
2247:ABT-436
2133:LIT-001
1887:LIT-001
1300:4937942
1206:3437772
1032:2861440
982:4061066
773:placebo
754:placebo
463:Formula
336:4470550
316:DB09059
276:5311010
262:PubChem
218:-ethyl-
132:)
126: (
124:G02CX01
88::
2515:Portal
2483:Others
2396:YM-471
2178:YM-471
2173:YM-218
2158:SRX251
2153:SRX246
1902:WJ0679
1705:NSAIDs
1569:
1561:
1525:
1517:
1479:
1471:
1423:
1415:
1373:
1363:
1328:
1298:
1290:
1255:
1213:
1203:
1162:
1118:
1083:
1039:
1029:
988:
980:
648:nausea
636:Sweden
540:SMILES
507:994.19
387:ChEMBL
376:D03008
172:
159:
91:by INN
84:
1947:IX-01
1635:G02CA
1567:S2CID
1523:S2CID
1477:S2CID
1421:S2CID
1296:S2CID
986:S2CID
929:(EMA)
887:(emc)
862:(emc)
748:In a
622:as a
560:InChI
516:JSmol
2002:EDTA
1870:TGOT
1793:and
1559:PMID
1543:BJOG
1515:PMID
1469:PMID
1413:PMID
1371:PMID
1326:PMID
1288:PMID
1253:ISSN
1211:PMID
1160:PMID
1116:PMID
1081:PMID
1037:PMID
978:PMID
937:2020
895:2020
869:2020
844:2020
717:and
611:and
367:KEGG
347:UNII
296:2213
54:AHFS
1882:CA7
1551:doi
1547:113
1507:doi
1459:doi
1455:120
1405:doi
1361:PMC
1353:doi
1280:doi
1245:doi
1201:PMC
1191:doi
1187:204
1150:doi
1146:110
1108:doi
1071:doi
1027:PMC
1017:doi
970:doi
646:is
634:in
412:EPA
266:CID
214:2-(
174:POM
129:WHO
86:EMA
2541::
2501:II
2499:,
2195:1B
2051:1A
1922:;
1877:;
1591:.
1565:.
1557:.
1545:.
1521:.
1513:.
1503:22
1501:.
1489:^
1475:.
1467:.
1453:.
1449:.
1433:^
1419:.
1411:.
1401:33
1399:.
1383:^
1369:.
1359:.
1347:.
1320:.
1302:.
1294:.
1286:.
1276:15
1274:.
1251:.
1239:.
1223:^
1209:.
1199:.
1185:.
1181:.
1158:.
1144:.
1140:.
1128:^
1114:.
1104:25
1102:.
1079:.
1067:50
1065:.
1061:.
1049:^
1035:.
1025:.
1011:.
1007:.
984:.
976:.
966:64
964:.
924:.
903:^
885:.
860:.
830:.
650:.
489:12
483:11
477:67
471:43
228:8-
181:EU
168:UK
161:S4
155:AU
81:EU
2517::
2503:)
2497:I
2495:(
2471:)
2467:(
2299:2
2297:V
2193:V
2049:V
2008:L
1783:e
1776:t
1769:v
1646:2
1644:β
1637:)
1623:e
1616:t
1609:v
1573:.
1553::
1529:.
1509::
1483:.
1461::
1427:.
1407::
1377:.
1355::
1332:.
1322:8
1282::
1259:.
1247::
1241:3
1217:.
1193::
1166:.
1152::
1122:.
1110::
1087:.
1073::
1043:.
1019::
1013:6
992:.
972::
950:.
939:.
897:.
871:.
846:.
713:2
711:β
518:)
495:2
492:S
486:O
480:N
474:H
468:C
414:)
410:(
230:L
224:L
220:D
216:O
183::
170::
157::
56:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
