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1020:, colonization and other processes are disturbed by fragmentation. With many key vertebrate seed dispersers going extinct, it is predicted that many regional, fruit-bearing tree species in the Atlantic forest will become extinct due to failure of seedling recruitment and recolonisation. With all these species already threatened, it is predicted that with the persistence of current deforestation rates the Atlantic forest will see continued extinction of species.
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810:, birds, and mammals have become extinct due to the result of human activity in the past 400 years. Over 11,000 species of plants and animals are considered threatened today in the Atlantic Forest. Over 52% of the tree species and 92% of the amphibians are endemic to this area. The forest harbors around 20,000 species of plants, with almost 450 tree species being found in just one hectare in some locations.
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1012:, in the Atlantic Forest has led to an extinction crisis. The endemic species in this region are especially vulnerable to extinction due to fragmentation because of their small geographic ranges and low occurrence. In a study of the Atlantic Forest fragments, community level biomass was reduced to 60% in plots less than 25 hectares. Key ecological processes such as
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761:, the Atlantic Forest is known to have shrunk to extremely small fragmented refugia in highly sheltered gullies, being separated by areas of dry forest or semi-deserts known as caatingas. Some maps even suggest the forest actually survived in moist pockets well away from the coastline where its endemic
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It was the first environment that the
Portuguese colonists encountered over 500 years ago, when it was thought to have had an area of 1,000,000–1,500,000 km (390,000–580,000 sq mi), and stretching an unknown distance inland, making it, back then, the second largest rainforest on the
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are endemic species, meaning they are found nowhere else in the world. The official threatened species list of Brazil contains over 140 terrestrial mammal species found in
Atlantic Forest. In Paraguay the Atlantic Forest has been heavily impacted in recent years. In Paraguay there are 35 species
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produce precipitation throughout the southern winter. In fact, the northern Zona da Mata of northeastern Brazil receives much more rainfall between May and August than during the southern summer. The geographic range of
Atlantic Forest vary depending on author or institution that published them.
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The
Atlantic Forest is one of the best studied tropical ecosystems. For example, over 3000 tree species, 98 bat species, 94 large or medium-sized mammal species, over 2000 epiphyte species, 26 primate species, 528 amphibian species, 124 small mammal species, and over 800 bird species have been
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that makes the
Atlantic Forest more susceptible to fires. This is a forest type that is not accustomed to regular fire activity, so human induced fires dramatically affect the forest understory because plants do not have fire adaptations. In result, the forest becomes even more vulnerable to
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Saporetti-Junior, Amilcar Walter; Schaefer, Carlos
Ernesto G. Reynaud; de Souza, Agostinho Lopes; Soares, Michellia Pereira; Araújo, Dorothy Sue Dunn; Meira-Neto, João Augusto Alves (21 September 2011). "Influence of Soil Physical Properties on Plants of the Mussununga Ecosystem, Brazil".
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The incorporation of modern human societies and their needs for forest resources has greatly reduced the size of the
Atlantic Forest, which has resulted in species impoverishment. Almost 88% of the original forest habitat has been lost and replaced by human-modified landscapes including
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Vancine, Maurício
Humberto; Duarte, Kauã da Silva; de Souza, Yuri Silva; Giovanelli, João Gabriel Ribeiro; Martins-Sobrinho, Paulo Mateus; López, Ariel; Bovo, Rafael Parelli; Maffei, Fábio; Lion, Marília Bruzzi; Ribeiro Júnior, José Wagner; Brassaloti, Ricardo (July 2018).
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Ramos, Flavio Nunes; Mortara, Sara
Ribeiro; Monalisa-Francisco, Nathalia; Elias, João Pedro Costa; Neto, Luiz Menini; Freitas, Leandro; Kersten, Rodrigo; Amorim, André Márcio; Matos, Fernando Bittencourt; Nunes-Freitas, André Felippe; Alcantara, Suzana (February 2019).
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Tabarelli, Marcelo, Antonio
Venceslau Aguiar, Milton Cezar Ribeiro, Jean Paul Metzger, and Carlos A. Peres. "Prospects for Biodiversity Conservation in the Atlantic Forest: Lessons from Aging Human-modified Landscapes." Biological Conservation 143.10 (2010):
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has been financing, with non-reimbursable loans, 16 to 18 ecosystem restoration projects totaling 3,500 hectares and costing approximately $ 22 million under the so-called Iniciativa BNDES Mata Atlântica. In order to preserve diversity, the state of
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Culot, Laurence; Pereira, Lucas Augusto; Agostini, Ilaria; Almeida, Marco Antônio Barreto; Alves, Rafael Souza Cruz; Aximoff, Izar; Bager, Alex; Baldovino, María Celia; Bella, Thiago Ribas; Bicca-Marques, Júlio César; Braga, Caryne (January 2019).
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Hasui, Érica; Metzger, Jean Paul; Pimentel, Rafael G.; Silveira, Luís Fábio; Bovo, Alex A. d. A.; Martensen, Alexandre C.; Uezu, Alexandre; Regolin, André L.; Bispo de Oliveira, Arthur Â.; Gatto, Cassiano A. F. R.; Duca, Charles (February 2018).
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Lima, Fernando; Beca, Gabrielle; Muylaert, Renata L.; Jenkins, Clinton N.; Perilli, Miriam L. L.; Paschoal, Ana Maria O.; Massara, Rodrigo L.; Paglia, Adriano P.; Chiarello, Adriano G.; Graipel, Maurício E.; Cherem, Jorge J. (November 2017).
1810:
Souza, Yuri; Gonçalves, Fernando; Lautenschlager, Laís; Akkawi, Paula; Mendes, Calebe; Carvalho, Mariana M.; Bovendorp, Ricardo S.; Fernandes-Ferreira, Hugo; Rosa, Clarissa; Graipel, Maurício Eduardo; Peroni, Nivaldo (October 2019).
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De Lima, Renato A. F.; Dauby, Gilles; De Gasper, André L.; Fernandez, Eduardo P.; Vibrans, Alexander C.; Oliveira, Alexandre A. De; Prado, Paulo I.; Souza, Vinícius C.; F. De Siqueira, Marinez; Ter Steege, Hans (2024-01-12).
80:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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The Pact for Atlantic Forest Restoration has assembled over 100 businesses, nongovernmental and governmental organizations around the goal of having 15 million hectares of the original ecosystem restored by 2050.
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Muylaert, Renata Lara; Vancine, Maurício Humberto; Bernardo, Rodrigo; Oshima, Júlia Emi Faria; Sobral-Souza, Thadeu; Tonetti, Vinicius Rodrigues; Niebuhr, Bernardo Brandão; Ribeiro, Milton Cezar (2018-09-11).
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de la Sancha, Noé U., Sarah A. Boyle, and Nancy E. McIntyre. "Identifying structural connectivity priorities in eastern Paraguay's fragmented Atlantic Forest." Scientific reports 11, no. 1 (2021): 16129.
839:), named for its distinguishing bright blonde hair, was discovered in northeastern Brazil at the Pernambuco Endemism Center in 2006. A species of endangered three-toed sloth, named the maned sloth (
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trees and lower diversity when compared to tropical moist forests. These forests have between 700–1600 mm of precipitation annually with a distinct dry season. This includes Deciduous and
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Due to the Atlantic Forest's vast diversity of endemic plants and animals as well as the fragmentation affecting these species, many groups and organizations are working to restore this unique
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2375:, Magin, Georgina, Hilton-Taylor, Craig. “Habitat Loss and Extinction in the Hotspots of Biodiversity.” Pérdida de Hábitat y Extinciones en Áreas Críticas para la Biodiversidad 16.4 (2002).
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Pütz, J. Groeneveld, L.F. Alves, J.P. Metzger, A. Huth. "Fragmentation drives tropical forest fragments to early successional states: A modelling study for Brazilian Atlantic forests."
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1091:, Brazil. During 2007, Joao Milanez and Joanne Stanulonis have planted 5,500 new trees in the mountains commencing with Gravata, adding to the precious little, ancient forest left.
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if they abide by its rules. These include the Species Protection Program, the Program for Supporting Private Natural Heritage Reserves and the Institutional Strengthening Program.
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removes 10 to 80% of the canopy cover of a forest making that habitat more susceptible to natural elements such as wind and sunlight. This causes an increase in forest heating and
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Reaka-Kudla, Marjorie L, Don E. Wilson, and Edward O. Wilson. Biodiversity II: Understanding and Protecting Our Biological Resources. Washington, D.C.: Joseph Henry Press, 1997.
2168:"Rediscovery of Actinote zikani (D'Almeida) (Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae, Acraeini): natural history, population biology and conservation of an endangered butterfly in SE Brazil"
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de Lima, Renato A. F.; Oliveira, Alexandre A.; Pitta, Gregory R.; de Gasper, André L.; Vibrans, Alexander C.; Chave, Jérôme; ter Steege, Hans; Prado, Paulo I. (2020-12-11).
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de Lima, Renato A. F.; Oliveira, Alexandre A.; Pitta, Gregory R.; de Gasper, André L.; Vibrans, Alexander C.; Chave, Jérôme; ter Steege, Hans; Prado, Paulo I. (2020-12-11).
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Martins-Sobrinho, Paulo Mateus; Silva, Winny Gomes de Oliveira; Santos, Elizandra Gomes dos; Moura, Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de; Oliveira, Jaqueline Bianque de (2017-07-26).
1079:, a 9.3 thousand hectares park which also serves as a wildlife corridor linking the coastal regions to the Serra do Mar mountain range. Some organizations, such as the
985:. Additionally, logging roads create accessibility for humans; and therefore increases the amount of human land disturbances and decreases the amount of natural forest.
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Tabarelli, Marcelo; José Maria Cardoso Da Silva & Claude Gascon (June 2004). "Forest Fragmentation, Synergisms and the Impoverishment of Neotropical Forests".
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Galindo Leal, Carlos, and Ibsen de Gusmão Câmara. 2003. The Atlantic Forest of South America: biodiversity status, threats, and outlook. Washington: Island Press.
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are found over very moist clay soils and Tabuleiro Savannas occur over faster-draining sand soils. These are humid areas that rely on water vapor from the ocean.
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Bovendorp, Ricardo S.; Villar, Nacho; de Abreu-Junior, Edson F.; Bello, Carolina; Regolin, André L.; Percequillo, Alexandre R.; Galetti, Mauro (August 2017).
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The Atlantic Forest mainly covers regions of eastern Brazil (92% of the total area), but also reaches eastern Paraguay (6%) and northeastern Argentina (2%).
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Thomas, William Wayt, and Elizabeth G. Britton. 2008. The Atlantic coastal forest of Northeastern Brazil. Bronx, N.Y.: The New York Botanical Garden Press.
1083:, are planning to restore parts of the forest that have been lost and to build corridors that are compatible with the lifestyles of the native people. The
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Rezende, C.L.; Scarano, F.R.; Assad, E.D.; Joly, C.A.; Metzger, J.P.; Strassburg, B.B.N.; Tabarelli, M.; Fonseca, G.A.; Mittermeier, R.A. (October 2018).
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Brooks, Thomas M., Mittermeier, Russell A., Mittermeier, Cristina G., Da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B., Konstant, William R., Flick, Penny, Pilgrim, John,
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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Cassano, C., M. Kierulff, and A. Chiarello. 2011. The cacao agroforests of the Brazilian Atlantic forest as habitat for the endangered maned sloth
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2305:"Thirty Years of Human Demography and Land-Use Change in the Atlantic Forest of Misiones, Argentina: an Evaluation of the Forest Transition Model"
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listed as threatened, and 22 species are listed as threatened in the interior portion of the Atlantic Forest of Argentina. Nearly 250 species of
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was rediscovered in southern Brazil, after being declared extinct ten years earlier. In southern Brazil A new species of blonde capuchin (
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1813:"ATLANTIC MAMMALS : a data set of assemblages of medium- and large-sized mammals of the Atlantic Forest of South America"
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leads to a cascade of alterations of the original forest landscape. For example, the extent of human disturbances, including
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1871:"ATLANTIC - PRIMATES : a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America"
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2050:"ATLANTIC-CAMTRAPS: a dataset of medium and large terrestrial mammal communities in the Atlantic Forest of South America"
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because they are in a confined area that is more accessible to hunters. Larger animals make up the highest percentage of
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may receive more than 2000 mm of rain a year. These include Tropical Moist: Lowland Forests, Submontane Forest, and
1747:"ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES : a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest"
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for equatorial rainforests, the refuges for the Atlantic Forest have never been the product of detailed identification.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Portuguese Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
1036:(NGO) are huge benefactors in Brazil, providing funding as well as professional help to the Atlantic Forest due to the
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1044:, uses its research to preserve the area's bird biodiversity and teach people about sustainable natural resource use.
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2220:"Helminths of some tree frogs of the families Hylidae and Phyllomedusidae in an Atlantic rainforest fragment, Brazil"
1998:"Atlantic small-mammal: a dataset of communities of rodents and marsupials of the Atlantic forests of South America"
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were discovered. Furthermore, in 1990 researchers re-discovered a small population of the black-faced lion tamarin (
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New species are continually being found in the Atlantic Forest. In fact, between 1990 and 2006 over a thousand new
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Despite having only 28% of native vegetation cover remaining, the Atlantic Forest remains extraordinarily lush in
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Information on four most important boundaries as well as their union and intersection was reviewed in 2018.
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2195:(Cebidae, Primates): found at the very brink of extinction in the Pernambuco Endemism Centre. Zootaxa:1-12.
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State of the Atlantic Forest: Three countries, 148 million people, one of the richest forests on Earth
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1939:"ATLANTIC AMPHIBIANS: a data set of amphibian communities from the Atlantic Forests of South America"
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Por, Francis Dov. 1992. Sooretama: the Atlantic rain forest of Brazil. The Hague: SPB Academic Pub.
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Another strategy being implemented to maintain biodiversity within the Atlantic Forest is creating
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1376:"Comprehensive conservation assessments reveal high extinction risks across Atlantic Forest trees"
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secondary fires, which are far more destructive and kill many more species including large trees.
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is a forest type that grows on stabilized coastal dunes. Restinga forests are generally closed
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Dafonseca, G. 1985. The Vanishing Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Biological Conservation 34:17-34.
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are higher altitude wet forests across mountains and plateaus of southern Brazil. Also called
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savannas to the east. These forests are lower in stature; more open, with high abundance of
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2355:, and Diana C. Useche. "Environmental Synergisms and Extinctions of Tropical Species."
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1681:"The erosion of biodiversity and biomass in the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot"
1569:"The erosion of biodiversity and biomass in the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot"
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Francini, Ronaldo; Freitas, André Victor; Brown Jr., Keith Spalding (October 2005).
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Pontes, A., A. Malta, and P. Asfora. 2006. A new species of capuchin monkey, genus
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in accessible fragments. This results in a change in species interactions such as
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2110:"ATLANTIC BIRDS: a data set of bird species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest"
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is donating $ 44 million to create a corridor, which will be known as the
845:) because of its long hair, is endemic to the Atlantic Forest. Hylid tree frog
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Patterson, B.D. & W. Atmar. "Analyzing species composition in fragments."
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1528:"From hotspot to hopespot: An opportunity for the Brazilian Atlantic Forest"
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IIzquierdo, Andrea E.; Carlos D. De Angelo & T. Mitchell Aide (2008).
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2475:. Nature Conservancy | Protecting Nature, Preserving Life. 03 Oct. 2011.
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960:. These animals are also the most rewarding to hunters and are heavily
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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UNESCO World Heritage Site: Discovery Coast Atlantic Forest Reserves
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continues at an annual rate of 0.5% and up to 2.9% in urban areas.
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The Atlantic Forest region includes forests of several variations:
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Human activity such as logging causes an increase in debris along
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Species in a fragmented forest are more susceptible to decline in
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of forest to cattle pastures. This is commonly done by method of
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is active in reforestation efforts in the northeastern state of
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in the Atlantic forest of the state biological reserve of Aguaí
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Biodiversity Hotspots - Atlantic Forest - Conservation Action
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Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
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tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
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The Atlantic Forest is unusual in that it extends as a true
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short forests with tree density. Open restinga is an open,
1515:. Puerto Iguazú, Argentina.: Technical Report. p. 146.
1467:"UMA NOTA SOBRE OS LIMITES TERRITORIAIS DA MATA ATLÂNTICA"
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which increases a forest chance of human-induced burning.
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Even more common than using land for agriculture is the
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species mixed with much cooler-climate species. Unlike
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a machine-translated version of the Portuguese article.
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List of plants of Atlantic Forest vegetation of Brazil
2808:: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea
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São Paulo Expands Atlantic Forest Protection Coverage
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Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina & WWF (2017).
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
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Instituto de Tecnologia Intuitiva e Bio-Arquitetura
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876:Deforestation of Atlantic Forest in Rio de Janeiro
736:to latitudes as far as 28°S. This is because the
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2948:Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
1159:Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
680:each with their own lowland and montane regions.
1213:Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
98:accompanying your translation by providing an
60:Click for important translation instructions.
47:expand this article with text translated from
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2549:The Nature Conservancy: Atlantic Forest biome
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1024:Conservation by nongovernmental organizations
724:occur at the highest elevations, also called
701:states. The Mussununga ecosystem ranges from
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1106:ecoregion of approximately 3.100 ha called
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231:1,315,460 km (507,900 sq mi)
134:For the biome in north-western Europe, see
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1649:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95516-3
1300:List of Atlantic Forest conservation units
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693:The Mussununga forests occur in southern
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1669:. World Wildlife Fund. 29 November 2011.
1532:Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation
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851:is also endemic to the Atlantic Forest.
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238:Discovery Coast Atlantic Forest Reserves
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2485:Pact for Atlantic Forest Restoration
1660:World Wildlife Fund: Atlantic Forest
793:, many of which are threatened with
2838:Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves
2765:Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves
2620:Central Amazon Conservation Complex
2473:About the Atlantic Forest in Brazil
1049:Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
908:in the Atlantic Rain Forest is for
705:to woodlands associated with sandy
395:Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves
363:Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves
2279:10.1023/B:BIOC.0000019398.36045.1b
797:. Approximately 40 percent of its
136:North Atlantic moist mixed forests
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2822:Valongo Wharf Archaeological Site
2694:Lençóis Maranhenses National Park
1356:"Atlantic Forests, South America"
1275:Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve
814:recorded in the Atlantic Forest.
2963:Natural regions of South America
2404:, 222. 12 (2011), pp. 1986-1997.
1038:Brazilian Environmental Movement
717:meaning soft and wet white sand.
173:
153:
110:{{Translated|pt|Mata Atlântica}}
34:
2855:Ruins of São Miguel das Missões
2849:Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis
2774:Historic Centre of the Town of
2742:Historic Centre of the Town of
2708:Serra da Capivara National Park
2687:Historic Centre of the Town of
2642:Ruins of São Miguel das Missões
2446:Iniciativa BNDES Mata Atlântica
2208:. Mammalian Biology 76:243-250.
1191:Caatinga enclaves moist forests
1102:keeps a private reserve of the
1077:Restinga de Bertioga State Park
645:Seasonal tropical moist forests
555:, where the region is known as
159:Area of the Atlantic Forest in
2983:World Heritage Sites in Brazil
2386:Bonner Zoologische Monographen
1034:Non-governmental organizations
968:and competition for resources.
928:and more recently soybean and
757:During glacial periods in the
108:You may also add the template
1:
2267:Biodiversity and Conservation
2236:10.1080/00222933.2017.1337945
1064:Central Biodiversity Corridor
868:Atlantic Forest Fragmentation
678:Seasonal semideciduous forest
574:broad-leaf tropical forests,
1290:List of ecoregions in Brazil
1206:Serra do Mar coastal forests
1166:Alto Paraná Atlantic forests
801:and up to 60 percent of its
315:Sooretama Biological Reserve
1545:10.1016/j.pecon.2018.10.002
1452:Saporetti-Junior et al 2011
1263:Rio São Francisco mangroves
1201:Pernambuco interior forests
1040:. One organization, called
307:Monte Pascoal National Park
303:Descobrimento National Park
179:Map of the Atlantic Forest
2999:
2802:– Culture and Biodiversity
2749:Pantanal Conservation Area
2657:Brazilian Atlantic Islands
2541:Atlantic Forest Foundation
2224:Journal of Natural History
1705:10.1038/s41467-020-20217-w
1593:10.1038/s41467-020-20217-w
1196:Pernambuco coastal forests
1068:Brazilian Development Bank
539:state in the northeast to
433:Natural: (vii)(ix)(x)
370:UNESCO World Heritage Site
245:UNESCO World Heritage Site
133:
72:Machine translation, like
2863:
2626:
2516:10.1007/s12224-011-9106-9
1484:10.4257/oeco.2018.2203.09
1001:Results of human activity
904:A major portion of human
668:to the northeast and the
383:View from a trail in the
376:
251:
172:
152:
49:the corresponding article
2978:Regions of South America
2817:Sítio Roberto Burle Marx
2787:Pampulha Modern Ensemble
2564:Mongabay: Mata Atlántica
1176:Atlantic Coast restingas
594:planet, only behind the
562:The Atlantic Forest has
299:Pau Brasil National Park
2953:Subtropical rainforests
2938:Ecoregions of Argentina
2729:Cerrado Protected Areas
2426:March 23, 2012, at the
2324:10.5751/ES-02377-130203
1392:10.1126/science.abq5099
1171:Araucaria moist forests
824:Leontopithecus caissara
688:Araucaria moist forests
660:Further inland are the
527:that extends along the
311:Linhares Forest Reserve
119:For more guidance, see
2958:Neotropical ecoregions
2643:
2634:
2359:23.6 (2009): 1427-437.
1342:The Nature Conservancy
1258:Rio Piranhas mangroves
1186:Bahia interior forests
1152:Terrestrial ecoregions
1148:
1135:
1112:São Francisco de Paula
1104:Araucaria moist forest
1042:BirdLife International
877:
869:
848:Dendropsophus branneri
782:
517:
287:Una Biological Reserve
2734:Chapada dos Veadeiros
2641:
2632:
2463:Brasil. 03 Oct. 2011.
2436:- Home. 03 Oct. 2011.
2433:Biodiversity Hotspots
1685:Nature Communications
1573:Nature Communications
1338:"The Atlantic Forest"
1253:Ilha Grande mangroves
1181:Bahia coastal forests
1141:
1129:
1006:Habitat fragmentation
875:
867:
780:
183:as delineated by the
121:Knowledge:Translation
92:copyright attribution
27:South American forest
2968:Geography of Uruguay
2933:Ecoregions of Brazil
2843:Iguaçu National Park
2699:São Francisco Square
2605:World Heritage Sites
2402:Ecological Modelling
2388:46 (2000): Pp. 9-24.
2357:Conservation Biology
2353:Laurance, William F.
2230:(27–28): 1639–1648.
1280:Biodiversity hotspot
1220:Atlantic dry forests
1144:Myiornis auricularis
734:tropical rain forest
662:Atlantic dry forests
385:Salto Morato Reserve
2900: /
2717:Central-West Region
2676:Historic Centre of
2662:Fernando de Noronha
2310:Ecology and Society
1697:2020NatCo..11.6347D
1585:2020NatCo..11.6347D
1471:Oecologia Australis
1130:Atlantic forest in
1110:, near the city of
1010:habitat destruction
602:, threatening many
537:Rio Grande do Norte
487: /
364:
258:Atlantic Forest in
239:
2867:Shared with other
2738:Emas National Park
2644:
2635:
2317:(2): 3. (online).
2206:Bradypus torquatus
1772:20.500.12008/30081
1665:2010-04-06 at the
1149:
1136:
1081:Nature Conservancy
1056:wildlife corridors
878:
870:
842:Bradypus torquatus
783:
423:25 protected areas
392:Official name
100:interlanguage link
2973:Regions of Brazil
2943:Forests of Brazil
2904:16.500°S 39.250°W
2883:
2882:
2780:Historic Town of
2504:Folia Geobotanica
2077:20.500.12219/4132
1473:(in Portuguese).
1425:978-0-89327-498-6
1386:(6679): 219–225.
1116:Rio Grande do Sul
655:Tabuleiro forests
596:Amazon rainforest
549:Misiones Province
541:Rio Grande do Sul
506:
505:
491:24.167°S 48.000°W
360:
359:
235:
234:
132:
131:
61:
57:
16:(Redirected from
2990:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2909:-16.500; -39.250
2905:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2851:
2758:Southeast Region
2730:
2658:
2650:Northeast Region
2598:
2591:
2584:
2575:
2527:
2487:
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2470:
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2273:(7): 1419–1425.
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2189:
2183:
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2178:
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2157:
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2148:
2147:
2137:
2126:10.1002/ecy.2119
2104:
2098:
2097:
2079:
2069:
2067:10.1002/ecy.1998
2044:
2038:
2037:
2027:
2017:
2015:10.1002/ecy.1893
1993:
1987:
1986:
1968:
1958:
1956:10.1002/ecy.2392
1933:
1927:
1926:
1900:
1890:
1888:10.1002/ecy.2525
1865:
1859:
1858:
1832:
1830:10.1002/ecy.2785
1807:
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1763:10.1002/ecy.2541
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1370:
1364:
1363:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1319:
1316:
1241:Mangrove forests
1234:Campos rupestres
1114:in the state of
1085:Amazon Institute
1075:has created the
912:. Crops include
819:flowering plants
720:Shrubby montane
580:mangrove forests
502:
501:
499:
498:
497:
496:-24.167; -48.000
492:
488:
485:
484:
483:
480:
381:
371:
365:
295:Veracruz Station
256:
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199:
177:
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111:
105:
78:Google Translate
59:
55:
38:
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30:
21:
18:Atlantic Forests
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2928:Atlantic Forest
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1353:
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1326:
1322:
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1313:
1308:
1271:
1248:Bahia mangroves
1124:
1026:
1003:
954:population size
862:
857:
830:Actinote zikani
799:vascular plants
791:endemic species
775:
755:
747:
684:Montane forests
649:Montane Forests
620:
557:Selva Misionera
510:Atlantic Forest
495:
493:
489:
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478:
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473:
387:
369:
266:
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192:Satellite image
189:
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144:Atlantic Forest
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2806:Rio de Janeiro
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2666:Atol das Rocas
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2633:Flag of Brasil
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2533:External links
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2373:Oldfield, Sara
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2193:Cebus erxleben
2184:
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1988:
1928:
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1823:(10): e02785.
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966:seed dispersal
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836:Cebus queirozi
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726:Campo rupestre
718:
713:is Amerindian
699:Espírito Santo
691:
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568:seasonal moist
522:South American
518:Mata Atlântica
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2873:Shared with
2831:South Region
2791:Minas Gerais
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2907: /
2800:Ilha Grande
2553:with photos
2008:(8): 2226.
1949:(7): 1692.
1898:10923/19194
1691:(1): 6347.
1579:(1): 6347.
979:desiccation
910:agriculture
891:urban areas
803:vertebrates
759:Pleistocene
738:trade winds
709:. The word
494: /
469:Coordinates
451:1999 (23rd
448:Inscription
344:1999 (23rd
341:Inscription
2922:Categories
2782:Ouro Preto
2776:Diamantina
2334:10535/3497
2177:August 29,
2120:(2): 497.
1306:References
1122:Ecoregions
1089:Pernambuco
1060:World Bank
940:conversion
914:sugar-cane
808:amphibians
795:extinction
763:rainforest
711:Mussununga
703:grasslands
612:extinction
600:deforested
564:ecoregions
514:Portuguese
356:111,930 ha
181:ecoregions
2875:Argentina
2607:in Brazil
2539:official
2244:0022-2933
1907:0012-9658
1855:182951440
1839:0012-9658
1781:0012-9658
1713:2041-1723
1637:2328-340.
1601:2041-1723
1554:2530-0644
1493:2177-6199
1134:(Brazil).
1073:Sao Paulo
1030:ecosystem
1018:gene flow
887:croplands
745:Geography
707:spodosols
674:deciduous
553:Argentina
531:coast of
438:Reference
410:São Paulo
331:Reference
214:Argentina
205:Geography
114:talk page
2869:region/s
2724:Brasília
2678:São Luís
2668:Reserves
2524:17406247
2424:Archived
2287:26608375
2252:90234341
2144:29266462
2094:21908829
2086:28857166
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1983:49589547
1975:29953585
1923:52979277
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1797:73437737
1789:30707454
1731:33311511
1663:Archived
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1400:38207046
1269:See also
1132:Curitiba
1108:Pró-Mata
972:Logging:
950:Hunting:
936:Pasture:
906:land use
883:pastures
781:A jaguar
722:savannas
666:Caatinga
627:Restinga
588:endemism
547:and the
545:Paraguay
529:Atlantic
429:Criteria
420:Includes
401:Location
322:Criteria
283:Includes
272:Location
222:Paraguay
210:Location
90:provide
2895:39°15′W
2892:16°30′S
2543:website
2114:Ecology
2054:Ecology
2002:Ecology
1943:Ecology
1875:Ecology
1817:Ecology
1751:Ecology
1722:7733445
1693:Bibcode
1610:7733445
1581:Bibcode
1380:Science
975:Logging
958:biomass
926:tobacco
893:. This
767:refugia
753:History
670:Cerrado
635:savanna
618:Ecology
520:) is a
479:24°10′S
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631:canopy
608:animal
578:, and
533:Brazil
525:forest
482:48°0′W
442:893rev
414:Brazil
406:Paraná
277:Brazil
264:Brazil
218:Brazil
2744:Goiás
2520:S2CID
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1793:S2CID
1513:(PDF)
989:Fire:
983:fires
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