2394:
78:
2755:
1593:
1810:
1657:
1561:
1497:
1397:
1251:
1187:
251:
48:
2669:
1433:
1372:
1315:
1689:
2451:
1283:
1219:
864:
2644:
2594:
2014:
1919:
3078:
62:
2321:
2239:
2041:
2207:
1625:
1529:
2562:
1777:
2139:
955:. Secondly, the Attorney-General is the principal law officer of the Crown, responsible for supervising the state's administration of the law and for providing legal advice to the government. This includes upholding the rule of law and advising on compliance with domestic and international obligations. In the latter role (but strictly not in the former), the Attorney-General is assisted by the
1842:
1465:
2712:
2619:
1971:
2419:
1946:
2494:
1340:
2264:
2107:
1874:
1732:
2175:
2066:
2289:
930:
position and the chief law officer of the Crown, and has responsibility for supervising New
Zealand law and advising the government on legal matters. The Attorney-General serves both a political and apolitical function. The current Attorney-General is
1069:
The table below is an incomplete listing of New
Zealand politicians who have held political appointment as Attorney-General since 1856. It does not show non-political attorneys-general. There were two previous Attorneys-General before
980:
There is no constitutional duty on the government to follow the advice of the law officers. The
Cabinet Manual outlines the process by which the legal advice provided by the Attorney-General (and others) may be disclosed.
2393:
3331:
959:, a non-partisan official. This reduces the extent to which the Attorney-General's actions on behalf of the state (as opposed to the government) can be influenced by their political allegiance.
3351:
3507:
3659:
3141:
969:
At present, there is no statutory basis which establishes the office of
Attorney-General, although the position is referenced by a number of other legal documents, such as the
3066:
685:
412:
901:
3166:
3396:
3226:
3216:
1038:
By tradition, persons appointed to the position of
Attorney-General have been lawyers. Only two former Attorneys-General have not been lawyers, most recently Dr.
3411:
3406:
3356:
3607:
3572:
3562:
3456:
3151:
3674:
3476:
3301:
3306:
3286:
3241:
948:
726:
708:
704:
376:
100:
3186:
3669:
3291:
3251:
3161:
3156:
973:
which allows the
Solicitor-General to exercise the functions of the Attorney-General. The functions of the Attorney-General are also described in the
690:
3634:
3512:
3497:
3321:
443:
336:
299:
3121:
3059:
927:
347:
3171:
3136:
2034:
1995:
660:
358:
3044:
3517:
3316:
3281:
3176:
3116:
2705:
2612:
1891:
1867:
1770:
1055:
894:
773:
3522:
3431:
3146:
3101:
768:
407:
2972:
3552:
3527:
3461:
3446:
3426:
3221:
2475:
943:
The
Attorney-General has two main areas of official responsibility. Firstly, the Attorney-General has ministerial jurisdiction over the
3577:
3256:
3201:
3052:
952:
788:
739:
465:
104:
3366:
3502:
3451:
3416:
3381:
3361:
3336:
3296:
3271:
3246:
3231:
3196:
3191:
3106:
2802:
1009:
970:
763:
492:
487:
482:
477:
423:
3311:
1019:
Historically, the post could be held either by a politician or by a senior jurist, but today, it is invariably held by a member of
3582:
3206:
3654:
3567:
3547:
3537:
3481:
3471:
3346:
3266:
2882:
1063:
1024:
887:
827:
822:
678:
604:
534:
519:
514:
509:
504:
371:
133:
3597:
3436:
3617:
3587:
3557:
3542:
3441:
3236:
3082:
2526:
2362:
1059:
985:
956:
665:
648:
599:
458:
453:
332:
295:
175:
3532:
944:
570:
96:
3261:
3664:
3376:
3096:
2782:
963:
850:
588:
354:
145:
3602:
3386:
3341:
2464:
2412:
2355:
1682:
1478:
1264:
1079:
974:
874:
798:
559:
554:
193:
3326:
3592:
3276:
2637:
2587:
1039:
716:
395:
263:
52:
3391:
3622:
1149:
1131:
1122:
731:
529:
2100:
2007:
1912:
1458:
1113:
1075:
583:
3612:
1296:
1276:
1232:
1212:
1140:
989:
803:
758:
547:
436:
3371:
793:
783:
448:
280:
241:
180:
111:
2754:
1586:
1104:
1074:
was introduced in New
Zealand in 1856: Francis Fisher who held office for less than one year in 1841, and
1071:
1047:
1028:
1020:
778:
655:
389:
342:
325:
128:
77:
3211:
3131:
2079:
1592:
3401:
721:
312:
3181:
620:
576:
152:
66:
3421:
1749:
1650:
1574:
1554:
1490:
1414:
1390:
1244:
1180:
868:
635:
402:
211:
2998:
2668:
1809:
1656:
1560:
1496:
1396:
1250:
1186:
3030:
2768:
1835:
919:
845:
625:
364:
250:
47:
37:
3111:
1823:
1432:
1371:
1314:
926:) is a political and legal officer in New Zealand. The Attorney-General is simultaneously a
563:
1688:
1000:
The post of
Attorney-General has existed since the separation of New Zealand as a distinct
2662:
2555:
1939:
1282:
1218:
1005:
229:
2748:
2725:
2375:
2220:
2156:
2120:
2013:
1918:
1855:
1713:
1670:
1606:
1510:
1446:
1333:
932:
694:
416:
188:
116:
85:
2450:
2040:
3648:
3466:
2736:
2543:
2314:
2302:
2257:
2232:
2132:
1900:
1702:
1353:
1013:
2643:
2593:
2561:
2206:
2693:
2343:
2320:
2238:
2088:
1964:
1797:
1776:
1638:
1618:
1522:
1426:
1365:
1308:
1200:
1001:
61:
2138:
1624:
1528:
2575:
2519:
2444:
2432:
2334:
2200:
2188:
1984:
1841:
1758:
1725:
1542:
1051:
1043:
1032:
287:
2711:
2618:
1970:
1464:
2507:
2418:
1945:
1042:
who held the post in 2005 and again from 2006 to 2008. In
November 1906, when
305:
157:
3034:
1012:, although the two posts are sometimes held by the same person, for example,
962:
A more complete description of the Attorney-General's powers can be found in
2883:"CO (16) 2: Cabinet Directions for the Conduct of Crown Legal Business 2016"
2493:
2487:
2387:
2168:
2059:
1339:
1083:
273:
2839:
Government Lawyers: The Federal Legal Bureaucracy and Presidential Politics
2823:
2263:
2106:
1873:
2682:
2282:
1731:
2174:
2065:
2525:
2361:
2288:
1035:
was appointed Attorney-General outside Cabinet from 1989 to 1990.)
2783:
Ministerial Briefing describing the role of the Attorney-General
1046:
died, there were no suitable members of the legal profession in
3048:
2973:"Judicial appointments | The District Court of New Zealand"
1062:
on 23 November 1906 and appointed him Attorney-General and
3003:
An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock
2803:"Parliamentary Salaries and Allowances Determination 2016"
984:
The Attorney-General is also responsible for advising the
966:
prepared by the Crown Law Office (most recently in 2020).
3029:(4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer.
3490:
3089:
2948:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. .
2841:. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press. p. 13.
225:
217:
207:
199:
187:
171:
163:
151:
141:
122:
110:
23:
964:the briefings to the incoming Attorney-General
3060:
895:
8:
3660:Lists of government ministers of New Zealand
2887:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet
1027:and is usually appointed as a member of the
3027:New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840ā1984
2907:Brookfield (1979). "The Attorney-General".
1016:who held both positions from 1972 to 1975.
29:
3067:
3053:
3045:
1023:. The Attorney-General is a member of the
902:
888:
236:
76:
3020:
3018:
1008:. It is a distinct position from that of
988:on who should be appointed judges of the
3352:Prevention of Family and Sexual Violence
1154:
2857:Briefing Paper for the Attorney-General
2794:
1082:was the half-brother of his successor,
535:Political funding and election expenses
261:
239:
2859:(Crown Law Office, October 2017) at 3.
2824:"RÅia Matua - te Aka MÄori Dictionary"
20:
3083:Ministerial portfolios of New Zealand
686:Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
7:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2999:"Findlay, the Hon. Sir John George"
3675:1856 establishments in New Zealand
3397:Science, Innovation and Technology
3332:National Security and Intelligence
1078:who held office until 7 May 1856.
740:New Zealand and the United Nations
14:
3412:Social Development and Employment
3227:Emergency Management and Recovery
16:New Zealand minister of the Crown
3670:Attorneys-general of New Zealand
3407:Small Business and Manufacturing
3076:
2753:
2710:
2667:
2642:
2617:
2592:
2560:
2524:
2492:
2449:
2417:
2392:
2360:
2319:
2287:
2262:
2237:
2205:
2173:
2137:
2105:
2064:
2039:
2012:
1969:
1944:
1917:
1872:
1840:
1808:
1775:
1730:
1687:
1655:
1623:
1591:
1559:
1527:
1495:
1463:
1431:
1395:
1370:
1338:
1313:
1281:
1249:
1217:
1185:
862:
828:History of voting in New Zealand
823:Political history of New Zealand
249:
60:
46:
3457:Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations
2997:Paterson, Donald Edgar (1966),
176:Governor-General of New Zealand
24:Attorney-General of New Zealand
3477:Workplace Relations and Safety
3167:Community and Voluntary Sector
3025:Wilson, James Oakley (1985) .
1:
3437:Tertiary Education and Skills
3162:Commerce and Consumer Affairs
146:Prime Minister of New Zealand
3513:Disarmament and Arms Control
2944:McLachlan, Campbell (2014).
2921:Constitution Act 1986, s 9A.
949:Parliamentary Counsel Office
101:Parliamentary Counsel Office
939:Responsibilities and powers
396:54th New Zealand Parliament
90:since 27 November 2023
53:Coat of arms of New Zealand
3691:
3122:Arts, Culture and Heritage
2977:www.districtcourts.govt.nz
377:State services departments
3631:
3142:Building and Construction
2731:
2719:
2716:
2709:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2688:
2676:
2673:
2666:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2574:
2572:
2538:
2533:
2530:
2523:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2506:
2504:
2470:
2458:
2455:
2448:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2374:
2372:
2328:
2325:
2318:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2219:
2217:
2151:
2146:
2143:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2119:
2117:
2073:
2070:
2063:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2024:
2008:William Downie Stewart Jr
1994:
1990:
1978:
1975:
1968:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1929:
1913:William Downie Stewart Jr
1899:
1897:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1871:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1854:
1757:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1729:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1712:
1708:
1696:
1693:
1686:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1394:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1352:
1350:
1295:
1293:
1169:
1166:
1157:
1090:List of attorneys-general
194:At His Majesty's pleasure
95:
73:
59:
45:
28:
3317:Media and Communications
1031:. (An exception is when
408:House of Representatives
31:Te RÅia Matua o Aotearoa
3655:Politics of New Zealand
3528:Industries and Commerce
3452:Tourism and Hospitality
3427:State Owned Enterprises
3387:Minister for RMA Reform
3147:Child Poverty Reduction
2909:New Zealand Law Journal
1197:
661:Territorial authorities
242:Politics of New Zealand
1072:responsible government
923:
869:New Zealand portal
705:Diplomatic missions of
129:Cabinet of New Zealand
30:
3212:Earthquake Commission
3202:Digitising Government
3187:MÄoriāCrown Relations
3102:Deputy Prime Minister
2946:Foreign Relations Law
990:courts of New Zealand
971:Constitution Act 1986
613:Courts Martial Appeal
183:of the prime minister
3665:Prosecution services
3417:Sport and Recreation
3367:Regional Development
3337:Oceans and Fisheries
3327:Ministerial Services
3217:Economic Development
2960:Cabinet Manual 2017,
2932:Cabinet Manual 2017,
2837:Clayton, CW (1995).
953:Serious Fraud Office
466:Electoral Commission
326:Executive government
313:Realm of New Zealand
105:Serious Fraud Office
3563:Pike River Re-entry
3277:Hunting and Fishing
3107:Leader of the House
2870:Cabinet Manual 2017
1060:Legislative Council
1010:Minister of Justice
424:Official Opposition
333:List of governments
230:www.beehive.govt.nz
67:Flag of New Zealand
3635:Current Government
3608:Trade and Industry
3573:Primary Industries
3568:Postmaster-General
3533:Island Territories
3503:Colonial Secretary
3237:Ethnic Communities
3090:Current portfolios
2019:22 September 1931
1979:22 September 1931
1651:Frederick Whitaker
1598:25 September 1883
1569:25 September 1883
1555:Frederick Whitaker
1491:Frederick Whitaker
1391:Frederick Whitaker
1245:Frederick Whitaker
1181:Frederick Whitaker
1064:Colonial Secretary
636:Law of New Zealand
470:Recent elections:
403:King-in-Parliament
212:Frederick Whitaker
3642:
3641:
3623:without portfolio
3598:Social Investment
3583:Regulatory Reform
3508:COVID-19 Response
3491:Former portfolios
3392:Rural Communities
3312:MÄori Development
3207:Disability Issues
2810:www.parliament.nz
2774:
2773:
2760:27 November 2023
2720:27 November 2023
2674:19 November 2008
2652:19 November 2008
2599:28 February 2005
2570:28 February 2005
2567:10 December 1999
2534:10 December 1999
2399:13 December 1978
2370:13 December 1978
2367:12 December 1975
2329:12 December 1975
2244:22 December 1969
2215:22 December 1969
2212:12 December 1960
2183:12 December 1960
2180:12 December 1957
2147:12 December 1957
2144:26 November 1954
2115:26 November 1954
2112:13 December 1949
2074:13 December 1949
1976:10 December 1928
1954:10 December 1928
1836:Alexander Herdman
1785:26 December 1911
1782:18 November 1906
1740:18 November 1906
1697:20 December 1895
1502:1 September 1876
1473:1 September 1876
1459:James Prendergast
1438:24 November 1864
1405:24 November 1864
1066:on the same day.
1025:Executive Council
957:Solicitor-General
912:
911:
851:Nuclear-free zone
727:Visa requirements
679:Foreign relations
626:Waitangi Tribunal
444:Political parties
372:Executive Council
365:Christopher Luxon
235:
234:
134:Executive Council
3682:
3307:Local Government
3302:Land Information
3287:Internal Affairs
3127:Attorney-General
3081:
3080:
3079:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3046:
3039:
3038:
3022:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3009:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2969:
2963:
2958:Cabinet Office,
2956:
2950:
2949:
2941:
2935:
2930:Cabinet Office,
2928:
2922:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2879:
2873:
2868:Cabinet Office,
2866:
2860:
2854:
2843:
2842:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2807:
2799:
2757:
2717:26 October 2017
2714:
2677:26 October 2017
2671:
2646:
2624:19 October 2005
2621:
2602:19 October 2005
2596:
2564:
2531:5 December 1997
2528:
2502:5 December 1997
2499:2 November 1990
2496:
2459:2 November 1990
2453:
2421:
2396:
2364:
2326:8 December 1972
2323:
2297:8 December 1972
2294:9 February 1972
2291:
2272:9 February 1972
2269:2 February 1971
2266:
2247:2 February 1971
2241:
2209:
2177:
2141:
2109:
2071:6 December 1935
2068:
2049:6 December 1935
2046:28 January 1933
2043:
2022:28 January 1933
2016:
1973:
1948:
1924:18 January 1926
1921:
1882:18 January 1926
1879:4 February 1918
1876:
1850:4 February 1918
1844:
1812:
1805:
1779:
1734:
1694:24 January 1891
1691:
1665:24 January 1891
1662:11 October 1887
1659:
1627:
1595:
1563:
1534:13 October 1877
1531:
1505:13 October 1877
1499:
1470:16 October 1865
1467:
1441:16 October 1865
1435:
1399:
1374:
1342:
1317:
1285:
1253:
1221:
1189:
1155:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1076:William Swainson
986:Governor-General
945:Crown Law Office
916:Attorney-General
904:
897:
890:
867:
866:
865:
774:Environmentalism
666:Community boards
649:Local government
564:Helen Winkelmann
459:Electoral reform
454:Electoral system
296:Governor-General
290:
253:
237:
97:Crown Law Office
80:
64:
50:
41:
33:
21:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3627:
3603:State Insurance
3486:
3342:Pacific Peoples
3252:Foreign Affairs
3085:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3043:
3042:
3024:
3023:
3016:
3007:
3005:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2979:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2929:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2891:
2889:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2867:
2863:
2855:
2846:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2791:
2779:
2663:Chris Finlayson
2556:Margaret Wilson
2413:Geoffrey Palmer
2356:Peter Wilkinson
1940:Frank Rolleston
1801:
1800:
1683:Patrick Buckley
1633:8 October 1887
1630:16 August 1884
1601:16 August 1884
1537:8 October 1879
1402:1 January 1863
1380:1 January 1863
1377:23 August 1862
1348:23 August 1862
1170:Prime Minister
1167:Term of office
1145:
1144:
1136:
1135:
1127:
1126:
1118:
1117:
1109:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1092:
1080:Peter Wilkinson
1006:New South Wales
998:
941:
908:
879:
875:Other countries
863:
861:
856:
855:
841:
833:
832:
818:
810:
809:
808:
753:
745:
744:
736:
717:Nationality law
713:
701:
681:
671:
670:
651:
641:
640:
630:
616:
609:
571:Court of Appeal
550:
540:
539:
524:
497:
439:
429:
428:
399:
398:
392:
382:
381:
328:
318:
317:
286:
276:
266:
244:
178:
103:
99:
91:
89:
88:
84:
81:
69:
55:
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3688:
3686:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3647:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3593:Social Housing
3590:
3588:Small Business
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3498:Civil Aviation
3494:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
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3172:Conservation
3126:
3026:
3006:, retrieved
3002:
2992:
2980:. Retrieved
2976:
2967:
2959:
2954:
2945:
2939:
2931:
2926:
2917:
2908:
2902:
2890:. Retrieved
2886:
2877:
2869:
2864:
2856:
2838:
2832:
2818:
2809:
2797:
2706:David Parker
2613:David Parker
2101:Clifton Webb
1965:Thomas Sidey
1951:24 May 1926
1927:24 May 1926
1868:Francis Bell
1802:
1798:Josiah Hanan
1771:John Findlay
1619:Robert Stout
1523:Robert Stout
1427:Henry Sewell
1366:Henry Sewell
1309:Henry Sewell
1256:2 June 1856
1227:2 June 1856
1224:20 May 1856
1195:20 May 1856
1098:
1068:
1056:John Findlay
1037:
1018:
1002:Crown Colony
999:
983:
979:
968:
961:
942:
915:
913:
769:Conservatism
264:Constitution
208:First holder
18:
3518:Electricity
3282:Immigration
3262:Food Safety
3242:Environment
3177:Corrections
3137:Biosecurity
3117:Agriculture
2520:Doug Graham
2445:David Lange
2201:Ralph Hanan
1726:Albert Pitt
1277:William Fox
1213:William Fox
1192:7 May 1856
1105:Independent
1052:Joseph Ward
1044:Albert Pitt
1033:David Lange
928:ministerial
732:Visa policy
605:Environment
577:Mark Cooper
575:President:
530:Referendums
449:Electorates
390:Legislature
288:Charles III
189:Term length
3649:Categories
3523:Employment
3467:WhÄnau Ora
3432:Statistics
3372:Regulation
2982:2 February
2892:2 February
2789:References
2763:Incumbent
1750:Hall-Jones
1054:appointed
1048:Parliament
1021:Parliament
951:, and the
924:RÅia Matua
789:Liberalism
621:MÄori Land
600:Employment
584:High Court
306:Cindy Kiro
285:King
203:7 May 1856
158:Wellington
142:Reports to
3613:Treasurer
3553:Marketing
3447:Transport
3377:Resources
3222:Education
3035:154283103
2488:Paul East
2388:Jim McLay
2169:Rex Mason
2060:Rex Mason
1824:Mackenzie
1164:Portrait
1084:Jim McLay
804:Socialism
764:Christian
759:Anarchism
548:Judiciary
476:General:
437:Elections
348:Ministers
274:The Crown
221:$ 288,900
200:Formation
172:Appointer
164:Nominator
123:Member of
83:Incumbent
3578:Railways
3462:Veterans
3257:Forestry
3152:Children
3132:Auckland
2303:Marshall
2283:Roy Jack
2221:Holyoake
2157:Holyoake
1703:Ballance
1671:Atkinson
1607:Atkinson
1575:Whitaker
1511:Atkinson
1479:Stafford
1415:Whitaker
1265:Stafford
1150:National
1050:. Hence
794:Populism
784:Feminism
752:Ideology
722:Passport
691:Minister
3402:Seniors
3382:Revenue
3297:Justice
3272:Housing
3247:Finance
3197:Defence
3192:Customs
2737:Hipkins
2694:English
2544:Shipley
2376:Muldoon
2344:Rowling
2121:Holland
1114:Liberal
1058:to the
1029:Cabinet
996:History
817:History
779:Fascism
656:Regions
503:Local:
413:Speaker
343:Cabinet
337:current
281:Monarch
226:Website
179:on the
3548:Marine
3538:Labour
3362:Racing
3347:Police
3267:Health
3232:Energy
3182:Courts
3033:
3008:10 May
2911:: 336.
2872:, at .
2726:Ardern
2508:Bolger
2465:Palmer
2089:Fraser
2080:Savage
1996:Forbes
1901:Coates
1856:Massey
1803:acting
1714:Seddon
1354:Domett
1201:Sewell
1148:
1146:
1141:Labour
1139:
1137:
1132:United
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1123:Reform
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1119:
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1103:
1101:
947:, the
218:Salary
181:advice
34:
3618:Works
3558:Mines
3543:Lands
3482:Youth
3472:Women
3442:Trade
3422:Space
2806:(PDF)
2769:Luxon
2702:(32)
2634:(31)
2576:Clark
2476:Moore
2433:Lange
2229:(19)
2165:(17)
2004:(13)
1639:Stout
1161:Name
1004:from
920:MÄori
112:Style
38:MÄori
3031:OCLC
3010:2008
2984:2023
2962:at .
2894:2023
2335:Kirk
2189:Nash
1985:Ward
1892:Bell
1759:Ward
1647:(1)
1615:(6)
1551:(1)
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1487:(1)
1447:Weld
1423:(3)
1387:(1)
1362:(3)
1273:(2)
1241:(1)
1158:No.
914:The
520:2022
515:2019
510:2016
505:2013
493:2023
488:2020
483:2017
478:2014
359:list
300:list
153:Seat
3112:ACC
2745:34
2683:Key
2659:33
2609:32
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