73:
210:
194:
505:
28:
833:
During these 21 days, fighters from the
Lebanese Forces were prohibited from wearing their uniforms and also from carrying their weapons in the streets. The Lebanese Army was the only armed force in the streets. On the 14th of September 1982, Gemayel was assassinated in an explosion that killed more
606:
and North
Lebanon, and Israeli security belt in South Lebanon, outgoing president Elias Sarkis had failed to bring about reconciliation between warring factions. Under heavy American and Israeli support, Gemayel was able to garner the backing of Saudi Arabia (and by extension the Arab League) for
627:. Consequently, only 92 MPs out of 99 seats were still alive. After the quorum of two thirds was reached (62 out of 92 MPs attended), Gemayel was elected on the second round by a majority of Christian and Muslim MPs.
447:
1211:
940:
1206:
1201:
543:
321:
52:
1232:
1226:
393:
388:
908:
1264:
485:
879:
Rabbath, Edmond. "La
Constitution libanaise. Origines, textes et commentaires". Beyrouth: Publications de l'Université Libanaise, 1982, p. 301.
859:
467:
463:
607:
his election to the presidency. With a boycott of pro-Syrian MPs, Gemayel was elected 7th
President of Lebanon following independence from
427:
1221:
1216:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
933:
383:
42:
275:
536:
1269:
835:
288:
926:
417:
412:
407:
954:
591:
is required to elect the president in the first round. After the second round of election, the president is elected by an
260:
1151:
1146:
529:
516:
440:
890:
293:
789: : Opening the path of Sodeco that was previously considered as a separation line between East and West Beirut
356:
271:
1274:
995:
475:
979:
346:
238:
233:
226:
820: : Beirut's economic market resumes its activities; Gemayel meets with former Lebanese Prime Minister
806:
490:
588:
561:
315:
949:
576:
369:
351:
256:
985:
624:
308:
249:
184:
599:
584:
580:
453:
623:
partition of the country and militia everywhere, no election had taken place since 1972 for the
16:
Indirect presidential election resulting in the leader of the
Lebanese Forces becoming president
72:
1068:
1042:
1032:
802:
781:
480:
757: : Deployment of International Separation Forces (mainly American, French, and Italian)
1037:
990:
1125:
1053:
1001:
964:
839:
565:
1120:
1073:
148:
193:
1104:
1079:
974:
658:
509:
163:
86:
1258:
1085:
1063:
814: : The International Separation Forces leaves Lebanon after completing its task
764:
572:
777:
677:
281:
167:
152:
101:
1130:
1115:
1091:
1058:
1047:
1006:
741:
325:
214:
209:
918:
1109:
1098:
1012:
821:
795: : The Lebanese Army enters West Beirut for the first time since 1973
909:"Les assassins de l'ex-président libanais Bachir Gemayel condamnés à mort"
592:
568:
leader Bachir
Gemayel being elected President of the Lebanese Republic.
1022:
768:
608:
603:
922:
860:"Cheikh Bachir Gemayel - Presidency of the Republic of Lebanon"
583:. Under the article 49 of the Lebanese Constitution, a
801: : The Lebanese Army enters the Palestinian Camp
1139:
1021:
963:
587:of two-thirds of the members of the then 99-seat
830: : Beirut's seaport resumes its activities
139:
776: : Meeting between Presidents Gemayel and
934:
537:
8:
19:
595:of the total number of deputies in office.
941:
927:
919:
619:As the Civil War had been resulted in the
544:
530:
179:
20:August 1982 Lebanese presidential election
18:
448:Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Emigrants
629:
889:Gargan, Edward A. (15 September 1982).
851:
204:
182:
805:and that was restricted since 1969 by
7:
891:"Bashir Gemayel Lived by the Sword"
14:
1265:Presidential elections in Lebanon
780:with American Defense Secretary
564:on 23 August 1982, resulting in
503:
208:
192:
71:
26:
215:Member State of the Arab League
1:
598:In the midst of the raging
1291:
842:, on the orders of Syria.
712:
695:
676:
657:
579:is always attributed to a
1242:
739:
638:
635:
632:
602:, Syrian presence in the
144:President before election
137:
63:
36:
24:
996:Pierre-Georges Arlabosse
980:Privat-Antoine Aubouard
1270:1982 elections in Asia
834:than thirty people by
464:Diplomatic missions of
950:Presidents of Lebanon
562:Parliament of Lebanon
558:presidential election
234:Constitution of 1926
110:Electoral vote
986:Habib Pacha Es-Saad
862:. Presidency.gov.lb
807:the Cairo Agreement
625:Lebanese Parliament
589:Lebanese Parliament
185:Politics of Lebanon
21:
911:. 20 October 2017.
895:The New York Times
767:leaves Beirut for
600:Lebanese Civil War
585:qualified majority
581:Maronite Christian
510:Lebanon portal
454:Abdallah Bou Habib
1252:
1251:
1247:
1069:Suleiman Frangieh
1043:Bechara El Khoury
1033:Bechara El Khoury
1023:Lebanese Republic
803:Bourj el-Barajneh
782:Caspar Weinberger
747:
746:
593:absolute majority
554:
553:
486:Visa requirements
441:Foreign relations
428:Political parties
376:Recent elections
178:
177:
174:
173:
159:Elected President
133:
132:
59:
58:
1282:
1245:
958:
943:
936:
929:
920:
913:
912:
905:
899:
898:
886:
880:
877:
871:
870:
868:
867:
856:
630:
560:was held in the
546:
539:
532:
508:
507:
506:
328:
217:
213:
212:
196:
180:
140:
75:
65:
64:
38:
37:
31:
30:
29:
22:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1275:1982 in Lebanon
1255:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1238:
1135:
1126:Michel Suleiman
1054:Camille Chamoun
1025:
1017:
1002:Alfred Naqqache
967:
959:
952:
947:
917:
916:
907:
906:
902:
888:
887:
883:
878:
874:
865:
863:
858:
857:
853:
848:
840:Habib Shartouni
752:
617:
566:Lebanese Forces
550:
521:
517:Other countries
504:
502:
496:
495:
476:Nationality law
472:
460:
443:
433:
432:
422:
400:
372:
362:
361:
342:
334:
333:
320:
311:
301:
300:
252:
242:
241:
229:
219:
207:
206:
187:
166:
161:
151:
146:
138:
32:
27:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1288:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1257:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1088:
1083:
1080:Bachir Gemayel
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1004:
999:
993:
988:
983:
977:
975:Charles Debbas
971:
969:
965:French Mandate
961:
960:
948:
946:
945:
938:
931:
923:
915:
914:
900:
881:
872:
850:
849:
847:
844:
751:
748:
745:
744:
737:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
710:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
693:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
674:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
659:Bachir Gemayel
655:
654:
651:
648:
645:
641:
640:
637:
634:
616:
613:
552:
551:
549:
548:
541:
534:
526:
523:
522:
520:
519:
513:
498:
497:
494:
493:
488:
483:
478:
471:
470:
459:
458:
457:
456:
444:
439:
438:
435:
434:
431:
430:
425:
424:
423:
421:
420:
415:
410:
403:
401:
399:
398:
391:
386:
382:Presidential:
379:
373:
368:
367:
364:
363:
360:
359:
357:Municipalities
354:
349:
343:
340:
339:
336:
335:
332:
331:
330:
329:
312:
307:
306:
303:
302:
299:
298:
297:
296:
286:
285:
284:
272:Prime Minister
269:
268:
267:
253:
248:
247:
244:
243:
237:
236:
230:
225:
224:
221:
220:
202:
201:
198:
197:
189:
188:
183:
176:
175:
172:
171:
164:Bachir Gemayel
156:
135:
134:
131:
130:
128:
123:
119:
118:
116:
111:
107:
106:
104:
99:
95:
94:
92:
90:
87:Bachir Gemayel
83:
79:
78:
76:
69:
61:
60:
57:
56:
53:September 1982
50:
48:23 August 1982
45:
34:
33:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1287:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1212:1989 (24 Nov)
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1087:
1086:Amine Gemayel
1084:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1064:Charles Helou
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
981:
978:
976:
973:
972:
970:
966:
962:
956:
951:
944:
939:
937:
932:
930:
925:
924:
921:
910:
904:
901:
896:
892:
885:
882:
876:
873:
861:
855:
852:
845:
843:
841:
837:
831:
829:
825:
823:
819:
815:
813:
809:
808:
804:
800:
796:
794:
790:
788:
784:
783:
779:
775:
771:
770:
766:
765:Yasser Arafat
762:
758:
756:
749:
743:
738:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
711:
707:
704:
701:
698:
694:
690:
687:
684:
681:
679:
675:
671:
668:
665:
662:
660:
656:
652:
649:
646:
643:
642:
639:Second round
631:
628:
626:
622:
614:
612:
610:
605:
601:
596:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
569:
567:
563:
559:
547:
542:
540:
535:
533:
528:
527:
525:
524:
518:
515:
514:
512:
511:
500:
499:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
473:
469:
465:
462:
461:
455:
451:
450:
449:
446:
445:
442:
437:
436:
429:
426:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
405:
404:
402:
397:
396:
392:
390:
387:
385:
381:
380:
378:
377:
375:
374:
371:
366:
365:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
338:
337:
327:
323:
319:
318:
317:
314:
313:
310:
305:
304:
295:
294:Past Cabinets
292:
291:
290:
287:
283:
280:
279:
277:
273:
270:
265:
264:
262:
258:
255:
254:
251:
246:
245:
240:
235:
232:
231:
228:
223:
222:
218:
216:
211:
203:
200:
199:
195:
191:
190:
186:
181:
170:
169:
165:
160:
157:
155:
154:
150:
145:
142:
141:
136:
129:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
103:
100:
97:
96:
93:
91:
89:
88:
84:
81:
80:
77:
74:
70:
67:
66:
62:
55: →
54:
51:
49:
46:
44:
41:←
40:
39:
35:
23:
1231:
1207:1989 (5 Nov)
1196:
1121:Émile Lahoud
1090:
1078:
1074:Élias Sarkis
1026:(since 1943)
903:
894:
884:
875:
864:. Retrieved
854:
832:
828:13 September
827:
826:
818:11 September
817:
816:
812:10 September
811:
810:
798:
797:
792:
791:
786:
785:
778:Elias Sarkis
773:
772:
760:
759:
754:
753:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
696:Blank ballot
678:Raymond Edde
636:First round
620:
618:
597:
570:
557:
556:An indirect
555:
501:
394:
347:Governorates
341:Subdivisions
282:Najib Mikati
239:Human rights
227:Constitution
205:
168:Kataeb Party
162:
158:
149:Élias Sarkis
147:
143:
125:
113:
102:Kataeb Party
85:
47:
1131:Michel Aoun
1116:Elias Hrawi
1105:René Moawad
1092:Michel Aoun
1059:Fuad Chehab
1048:Fuad Chehab
1007:Ayoub Tabet
968:(1918–1943)
799:9 September
793:4 September
787:2 September
774:1 September
742:The Monthly
491:Visa policy
326:Nabih Berri
309:Legislature
122:Percentage
1259:Categories
1202:1982 (Sep)
1197:1982 (Aug)
1110:Selim Hoss
1099:Selim Hoss
1038:Émile Eddé
1013:Petro Trad
991:Émile Eddé
866:2022-12-25
846:References
822:Saeb Salam
761:30 August
633:Candidate
577:presidency
573:convention
468:in Lebanon
452:Minister:
316:Parliament
1233:2022–2024
1227:2014–2016
1140:Elections
755:25 August
750:Aftermath
611:in 1943.
406:General:
395:2022–2023
389:2014–2016
370:Elections
352:Districts
257:President
250:Executive
153:Chehabist
763: :
740:Source:
621:de facto
481:Passport
82:Nominee
838:member
615:Results
322:Speaker
289:Cabinet
68:
1246:Acting
769:Athens
609:France
575:, the
266:vacant
98:Party
714:Total
650:Votes
644:Votes
604:Bekaa
1222:2008
1217:1998
1192:1976
1187:1970
1182:1964
1177:1958
1172:1952
1167:1948
1162:1943
1157:1936
1152:1929
1147:1926
955:List
836:SSNP
418:2022
413:2018
408:2009
384:2008
276:list
261:list
43:1976
672:62
571:By
126:62%
1261::
1244:*
893:.
824:.
734:67
729:67
724:62
719:62
708:–
691:-
669:57
666:63
663:58
653:%
466:/
324::
278:)
263:)
114:57
1112:*
1101:*
1095:*
1050:*
1009:*
998:*
982:*
957:)
953:(
942:e
935:t
928:v
897:.
869:.
705:5
702:–
699:3
688:-
685:1
682:1
647:%
545:e
538:t
531:v
274:(
259:(
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