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513:("Baptism by Fire") should have caused a scandal in the German press in 1915, for its only conceivable fault is its utter honesty, its attempt to convey the feeling of coming under enemy fire for the first time and its implicit refusal to pretend that the feeling in question was one of heroic excitement."
816:
According to Jeremy Adler, "Like no others in German, Stramm's war poems give an immediate impression of the front. By eschewing a self-conscious persona, and treating the poem itself as a reality, Stramm thrusts intense images of the war directly before the reader. Exploiting all his newly perfected
273:
According to Jeremy Adler, "Stramm's plays, too, became concentrated and brief, distilling situations into a few characteristics and increasingly ambiguous words and gestures. Characters are types like 'He' and 'She', and the surroundings merge into action: sound, word, gesture, and decor blend into
600:
in order to be released from all future military service at his publisher's request. By this time, Stramm had come to detest the war and believed that his death in combat was imminent. His mind was also filled with projects that he longed to write down. In the end, however, Stramm was, according to
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are all one. One! And fighting and sleeping and dreaming and acting are all one! There is no separation! All goes together and swims and shimmers like sun and whirlpool. Only time goes forward, time this. So do fighting, hungering, singing, dying. All! Soldier and officer! Day and night! Sorrowing
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From the time of their first meeting, a close friendship developed between Walden and Stramm. Personally and artistically, "they became indispensable to each other and it can be inferred that Stramm's style now became fully mature through Walden's encouragement. In the next sixteen months, Stramm
899:
in Berlin. Hulme later wrote, "Very short sentences are used, sometimes so terse and elliptical as to produce a blunt and jerky effect ... It is clear that a definite attempt is being made to use the language in a new way, an attempt to cure it of certain vices."
302:
Stramm, however, was soon, "driven to near despair by his lack of success as a writer." By 1913, he was on the verge of destroying all his manuscripts when Else Stramm, whose novels had had no such troubles with publication, urged her husband to contact
787:("Almighty"). Love is seen as essentially ambiguous; or, rather, it cannot be separated from, and always involves its own opposite, strife. Appropriately, the collection begins with a poem that announces this duality:
640:. The attack degenerated into brutal hand-to-hand combat and Stramm, who had been in action 70 times in all, was shot in the head by a Russian soldier. He was the last member of his company to fall during the attack.
951:. Writing in 1988, Adler commented that, "several younger writers openly acknowledge," that they have been influenced by August Stramm and that his, "place as a modern classic seems to be assured."
857:
Adler has also written that August Stramm's "essential innovation (still too little recognized in
Germany) was to create a new, non-representational kind of poetry," which is, "comparable," to
497:, 'I stand like a cramp, unsteady, without a foundation, without a brace, anchored, and numb in the grimace of my will and stubbornness,' and a few months later he wrote to his wife from
320:
According to Jeremy Adler, Herwarth Walden, "stood at the forefront of the avante-garde movement in Berlin." He was receiving submissions from countless international artists, including
1803:
1798:
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In a letter on
February 14, 1915, Stramm wrote, "But there is horror in me, there is horror around me, bubbling, surging around, throttling, ensnaring. There's no way out anymore."
1723:
384:." What Walden had lacked, however, before August Stramm contacted him in 1914, was a German poet "whose work could stand comparison with the international elite who figured in
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philosopher Ralph Waldo Trine, was found in Stramm's pocket after his death. Stramm's enthusiasm for Trine is believed to have been a legacy of the time he spent living in the
493:, he was too sensitive to have any illusions about the war, which he hated (for all the unholy fascination it held for him). On 12 January 1915 he wrote to Walden from the
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After being demobilized, Stramm returned to working at the Post Office and was granted a coveted position as a postal worker on luxury ocean liners making the
813:
According to
Patrick Bridgwater, "Stramm's war poems are concerned with particulars, with the brute realities, the basic experiences of life at the front."
589:. His daughter Inge, who adored her father, later recalled how Stramm made her ten-year-old brother promise, "never to let himself down," by being, "a
1778:
486:
On
February 23, 1915, he wrote, "Germany needs brave soldiers. Nothing else will do. We have to go through with it, however much we condemn the war."
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that everything was so dreadful, so unspeakably dreadful. Thus while he was always absolutely sure where his duty lay, he did not write a single
612:
After returning to his company following a week's journey, Stramm found that they had been reduced to only 25 men. It was the time of a
Russian
551:
1738:
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461:
435:
779:, more than a single woman, is extended to include womankind, humanity, and God. This the 'love' recorded ranges from debased sexuality in
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According to Jeremy Adler, "Although the letters testify to profound inner turmoil, Stramm was a popular officer and a brave soldier."
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Stramm's daughter Inge later wrote that, "around the year 1912, literature overtook him like a sickness... A Demon awoke in him."
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Between April 1914 and the outbreak of the Great War, Stramm wrote the poems contained in his first collection, which was titled
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to its bare essentials." Citing Stramm's fondness for "fashioning new words out of old," Adler has also written that, "what
180:. According to Patrick Bridgwater, his father's legacy caused the younger Stramm to go through life "with a sense of duty."
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war poem even at the time when nearly everybody else in
Germany - or so it seemed - was doing so. Nor did he write overtly
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His family later learned that throughout his furlough, Stramm had carried a letter in his pocket which he needed only to
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According to
Patrick Bridgwater, "What is quite extraordinary is that he appears to have found in the hell-on-earth of
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Even though, according to Jeremy Adler, "Stramm's rigorous, demanding style," never gained him the popular appeal of
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191:, Stramm joined the German Post Office Ministry in 1893 was rapidly promoted. Between 1896 and 1897, despite being
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techniques, he precisely conveys the exact moments, the various horrors of war: the terror of being under fire in
392:
produced the sixty two shorter poems on which his reputation mainly rests. During this period, hardly an issue of
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English translations of poems by Stramm were published by
Patrick Bridgwater (August Stramm, 22 Poems, 1969) and
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poems, which his conscience would not have allowed him to do. In retrospect it seems extraordinary that the poem
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546:, in which role he was involved in the attack on the Russian positions at Ostrow. It was here that he won the
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According to Jeremy Adler, "From the start, Stramm had few illusions and never joined in the so-called
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According to
Patrick Bridgwater, "While Stramm is known to have enjoyed his peacetime role of
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In mid-January 1915, Stramm was reassigned, again as a company commander, to the newly formed
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841:("Primal Death"). But there are also rare moments of beauty, as in the evening atmosphere of
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Stramm began writing plays and poems "in a strange new style that could find no publisher."
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According to
Patrick Bridgwater, "Stramm distinguished himself and was at one point acting
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through part-time study. Against the wishes of his mother, who wanted her son to become a
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and bleeding! And a hand shines over me! I swim through everything. Am everything! I!".
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740:." Stramm, Adler writes, treated, "language like a physical material" and, "honed down
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by Horst Dittrich performed by Georg Horngacher and Werner Mössler in a production of
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620:. Stramm, with the remnants of his company, were involved in "the giant-battle for
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heard the kind of poetry that Stramm created and inspired being read aloud at the
97:. Stramm's radically experimental verse and his major influence on all subsequent
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were essentially the same, and he sought to unite them in his own all-embracing
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299:(1912-14) shows the glimmerings of reason awakening in a Berlin semi-literate."
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around Brest-Litovsk in 1915 the sense of harmony he had sought for so long."
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explore, "the changing and often tense relationship between the poet's self
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At the beginning of August 1915, Stramm was sent home on what was his final
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978:. The premiere, however, was not without controversy among members of the
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a symbolic whole. The first mature plays are complementary opposites: the
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appeared that did not contain a play by Stramm or a group of his poems."
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Stramm gave "a middling performance at school" and later had to gain his
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763:(You. Love Poems"). According to Jeremy Adler, the poems contained in
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1668:, original versions along with their English and French translations
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At the end of April 1915, Stramm's regiment was transferred to the
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has called August Stramm one of, "the most innovative poets of the
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430:
in 1914, Stramm "was called up immediately" and was, "posted as a
403:
30:
982:, to whom the subject matter was understandingly very offensive.
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465:
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August Stramm "Wargrave" translated into Austrian Signlanguage
967:
810:("Dripping Blood"), which was posthumously published in 1919.
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According to Jeremy Adler, Stramm was about to be awarded the
632:
On September 1, 1915, August Stramm led an attack against the
285:
691:
August Stramm's body was buried with full military honors at
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and fellow veteran of the Great War, turned Stramm's play
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Captain Stramm and his son Helmuth both lie buried at the
355:, Walden had published German translations of Marinetti's
806:
during his lifetime and later appeared in the collection
218:
run. This led to Stramm making several long stays in the
232:, with whom he had two children, in 1902. They lived in
624:", which fell to Stramm's regiment on August 25, 1915.
476:. By the end of the month, Stramm had been awarded the
795:
was published whilst Stramm was at the front in 1915.
943:, Stramm's poetry inspired experimental writers like
845:, when the poet glimpses a higher being, the distant
1664:
Four poems of August Stramm published in issue 3 of
911:." First his verse was a model for the poets of the
884:
inspired by Stramm's poetry, "the German variety of
657:
A few weeks before his death, Stramm had written to
72:
64:
52:
40:
21:
570:, Stramm and his regiment continued to pursue the
225:After returning from America, Stramm married the
523:, in order to serve under the command of General
732:has written that August Stramm was, "along with
264:play) was basically unoriginal and derivative."
1804:German military personnel killed in World War I
939:took Stramm as their starting point. After the
85:(29 July 1874 – 1 September 1915) was a German
1799:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 2nd class
1794:Military personnel of the Grand Duchy of Baden
1774:20th-century German dramatists and playwrights
907:, Stramm, "has had a significant influence on
531:against the Russian-occupied Austro-Hungarian
423:. By 1914 he had reached the rank of captain.
176:and had been decorated for bravery during the
783:("House of Pleasures") to the love of God in
578:. By July, Stramm's regiment had reached the
8:
1724:Burials at Stahnsdorf South-Western Cemetery
891:Shortly before the outbreak of war in 1914,
601:Patrick Bridgwater, "unable to accept the
248:According to Bridgwater, "His early work (
29:
18:
736:, among the most innovative poets of the
673:of the book "In Tune with the Infinite" (
669:A blood-stained copy of the 1904 German
647:(First Class) at the time of his death.
172:, in 1874. His father had served in the
1759:German expatriates in the United States
1612:The German Poets of the First World War
1595:The German Poets of the First World War
1552:The German Poets of the First World War
1496:The German Poets of the First World War
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1415:The German Poets of the First World War
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1364:The German Poets of the First World War
1347:The German Poets of the First World War
1330:The German Poets of the First World War
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1068:The German Poets of the First World War
1051:The German Poets of the First World War
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878:The German Poets of the First World War
480:(Second Class) for courage under fire.
1769:German male dramatists and playwrights
1734:People from the Province of Westphalia
1659:ARBOS - Company for Music and Theatre
7:
752:, Stramm achieved more modestly for
93:who is considered the first of the
438:, with which he saw action on the
336:. Walden was also in contact with
14:
1644:August Stramm biography and poems
708:Stahnsdorf South-Western Cemetery
609:," and left the letter unsigned.
368:According to Adler, "For Walden,
236:until 1905, when they settled in
101:has caused him to be compared to
1779:20th-century German male writers
1696:
1003:
980:Roman Catholic Church in Germany
880:, Patrick Bridgwater dubbed the
869:'s revolution in the writing of
1680:Works by or about August Stramm
675:In Harmonie mit dem Unendlichen
1629:The Lost Voices of World War I
1582:The Lost Voices of World War I
1569:The Lost Voices of World War I
1539:The Lost Voices of World War I
1526:The Lost Voices of World War I
1513:The Lost Voices of World War I
1449:The Lost Voices of World War I
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1274:The Lost Voices of World War I
1244:The Lost Voices of World War I
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1201:The Lost Voices of World War I
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1158:The Lost Voices of World War I
1145:The Lost Voices of World War I
1132:The Lost Voices of World War I
1102:The Lost Voices of World War I
1038:The Lost Voices of World War I
991:The Lost Voices of World War I
16:German war poet and playwright
1:
462:Reserve Infantry Regiment 272
408:Captain August Stramm, c.1915
1739:German Expressionist writers
771:(I), and an often undefined
555:and was recommended for the
195:, Stramm served his year of
47:Münster, Westphalia, Germany
1695:(public domain audiobooks)
1610:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
1593:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
1550:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
1494:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
1477:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
1460:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
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1255:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
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1169:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
1113:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
1083:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
1066:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
1049:Patrick Bridgwater (1985),
829:, the difficult advance in
252:, painting rather ordinary
244:First of the Expressionists
197:compulsory military service
59:Eastern Front (World War I)
1820:
164:August Stramm was born in
125:, Stramm was called up to
919:-Circle") which included
748:did on a grand scale for
464:, which was stationed at
345:Filippo Tommaso Marinetti
28:
1784:German World War I poets
1754:German opera librettists
1649:Analysis of "Patrouille"
976:opera with the same name
529:Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive
288:who violates her vow of
1789:Prussian Army personnel
958:, a German composer of
562:After the recapture of
281:(1912-13)," portrays a
1689:Works by August Stramm
970:who breaks her vow of
837:, or single combat in
703:, on October 2, 1915.
409:
1744:German-language poets
734:Guillaume Apollinaire
634:Imperial Russian Army
576:Great Retreat of 1915
572:Imperial Russian Army
426:Upon the outbreak of
407:
358:Manifesto of Futurism
349:Guillaume Apollinaire
347:and with French poet
189:Roman Catholic priest
107:Guillaume Apollinaire
1729:Writers from Münster
605:of a higher duty to
552:Kriegsverdienstkreuz
525:August von Mackensen
436:Landwehrregiment 110
307:, the editor of the
201:Imperial German Army
123:Imperial German Army
76:War poet, Playwright
544:Battalion Commander
455:Hurrah-Patriotismus
178:Franco-Prussian War
129:at the outbreak of
1673:2013-11-05 at the
1627:Tim Cross (1988),
1580:Tim Cross (1988),
1567:Tim Cross (1988),
1537:Tim Cross (1988),
1524:Tim Cross (1988),
1511:Tim Cross (1988),
1447:Tim Cross (1988),
1315:Tim Cross (1988),
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1242:Tim Cross (1988),
1212:Tim Cross (1988),
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1186:Tim Cross (1988),
1156:Tim Cross (1988),
1143:Tim Cross (1988),
1130:Tim Cross (1988),
1100:Tim Cross (1988),
1036:Tim Cross (1988),
876:In his 1985 book,
793:Du. Liebesgedichte
761:Du. Liebesgedichte
410:
361:and Apollinaire's
1764:German male poets
882:literary movement
802:was published in
593:before himself."
432:company commander
334:Wassily Kandinsky
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56:September 1, 1915
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1684:Internet Archive
1666:The Black Herald
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867:Arnold Schönberg
825:, hesitation in
791:(Love-Fight")."
618:Aleksei Brusilov
614:counteroffensive
559:(First Class)."
227:romance novelist
135:killed in action
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1714:1874 births
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913:Sturm-Kreis
905:Georg Trakl
897:Cabaret Gnu
808:Tropfenblut
789:Liebeskampf
781:Freudenhaus
746:James Joyce
710:, near the
682:New Thought
671:translation
663:nightingale
598:countersign
591:Schweinhund
574:during the
470:Somme River
468:, near the
428:World War I
400:War service
382:Sturm-Kunst
309:avant-garde
276:Symbolistic
258:still-lifes
131:World War I
111:James Joyce
65:Nationality
1708:Categories
1618:. Page 38.
1601:. Page 39.
1558:. Page 49.
1485:. Page 42.
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1025:References
974:, into an
966:, about a
949:Paul Celan
925:Otto Nebel
893:T.E. Hulme
835:Haidekampf
800:war poetry
699:of modern
645:Iron Cross
607:literature
557:Iron Cross
511:Feuertaufe
478:Iron Cross
330:Franz Marc
297:Rudimentär
254:landscapes
230:Else Kraft
170:Westphalia
160:Early life
115:T.S. Eliot
103:Ezra Pound
91:playwright
993:, 1988).
954:In 1921,
804:Der Sturm
798:Stramm's
695:, in the
580:Bug River
533:Crownland
446:, and in
442:, in the
394:Der Sturm
386:Der Sturm
353:Der Sturm
314:Der Sturm
311:magazine
1693:LibriVox
1671:Archived
1651:(German)
1019:War poet
997:See also
972:chastity
931:. Then,
823:Granaten
819:Im Feuer
785:Allmacht
693:Gorodets
679:American
587:furlough
564:Przemysl
548:Austrian
507:anti-war
374:Futurism
341:Futurist
290:chastity
216:New York
133:and was
87:war poet
1682:at the
933:Dadaism
886:Imagism
865:and to
750:English
701:Belarus
636:in the
537:Galicia
527:in the
499:Galicia
419:in the
338:Italian
212:Hamburg
199:in the
166:Münster
137:on the
121:in the
927:, and
853:Legacy
831:Signal
754:German
742:syntax
715:suburb
712:Berlin
677:), by
474:France
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376:, and
370:Cubism
332:, and
238:Berlin
234:Bremen
208:Bremen
185:Abitur
113:, and
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843:Abend
839:Urtod
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628:Death
603:alibi
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343:poet
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