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mother, holding a knife, telling him that if he hadn't been brave, she would have cut off the breast that nursed him. As a result of this upbringing, he remained illiterate throughout his life, not knowing how to read or write. However, he had a perfect understanding of
Bedouin customary traditions and became a competent Bedouin judge in cases requiring tribal judgments.
582:", which misrepresents him and the Arab people as romanticized figures. T.E. Lawrence portrayed him as someone who epitomized everything noble, powerful, and proud about the Bedouin, "the greatest fighting man in northern Arabia," with an impressive lineage spanning many generations of great desert Howeitat warriors of the Arabian Peninsula.
937:
477:, engaging in a march of more than 600km in the desert. However, the expedition resulted in a disaster after their enemies spotted them near their arrival point and started depleting all water supplies, destroying the whole expedition except a small dozen of tribesmen, including Auda and his son Muhammad.
387:
to visit a friend, the police received information about his presence and surrounded the house where he was hiding. Unconcerned, he got up, had his breakfast—despite the owner's invitations to leave through a back door quickly—and decided to exit through the main door, greeting the
Ottoman troops who
323:
When he was young, he learned the
Bedouin way of life, grazing herds along the farms first, and later elsewhere as he grew. His mother was particularly tough; during a confrontation with another tribe, Auda, still a child, pursued attackers and killed several. Upon returning to the camp, he found his
1399:
1218:
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He married relatively late, around the age of twenty, which was uncommon in
Bedouin society at that time. This is likely due to the fact that he was in love with another woman in his youth, and Harb Abu Tayi, his father, refused to let him marry her because her father was reputed to be a coward.
379:
According to historian
Mahmoud Obeidat, Auda was the "only person among the tribal leaders whom the Turkish authorities were pursuing, the only person who rejected the decisions of the Turkish administration, and the only person who saw himself as far superior to the Ottoman governor".
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According to several researchers, his and his tribe's mobility and knowledge of the desert were significant factors contributing to the success of the Arab Revolt and stood out as one of their assets. He and his tribesmen were lead forces in the
543:
He was presented by some people, on the account of the movie, and to a lesser extent on the book of
Lawrence of Arabia as being a sly and greedy individual. Much of this modern-day presentation seems rooted in his sensationalised depiction by
328:
Later, she married another man. Auda married another woman but throughout his life, he sent gifts to this woman. However, he refused to accept her offer of divorcing her husband to marry him when she proposed it later on.
354:
Auda and his ibn Jazi rival, Arar's half-brother Abtan, diverted the energies of the
Howeitat—previously settled farmers and camel herders—into raiding, greatly increasing the tribe's wealth but introducing a mainly
359:
lifestyle. Tensions between them and the
Ottoman administration had increased after an incident in 1908, when two soldiers were killed who had been sent to demand payment of a tax that Auda claimed to have already
43:
1665:
391:
He had three sons, the only surviving one, Muhammad, died in 1987, and it is said that he provided him with a good education in the tribal lifestyle. He had thirteen grandchildren, all of whom live in
363:
1174:
524:ʿUdah ibn al-Harb ibn Ṣabāḥ ibn Faraj ibn Muḥammad ibn Faraj ibn Faraj ibn Salāmah ibn ʿAlwan ibn Qābal ibn Huwaiṭ ibn Ghāzī, al-maʿrūf bismi Abu Tayeh al-Huwaītī (Abu Anād)
826:
351:, known as the abu Tayi. Auda had taken up the claims of his father, Harb abu Tayi (? – 1904), who had contested the tribe's chieftainship with Arar ibn Jazi.
1655:
966:
1566:
616:, which included various stereotypes against Arabs and his figure. Auda's descendants were so incensed by the portrayal of their ancestor that they sued
383:
According to
Suleiman al-Mousa and Mahmoud Krishan, after killing these two Turkish soldiers, Auda was sought by the police. While secretly heading to
1645:
1337:
480:
He was very shocked by the Franco-British occupation of Arab lands. He then helped the ephemeral army of
Hashemite Syria, led by Faisal. After the
1306:
1253:
1049:
1001:
434:
Al-Jafr castle in Jordan, 1927, this building was started by Auda Abu Tayi after WWI. However, he died before the completion of the building.
1312:
1660:
683:
646:, which talks about his life in Arabia to Arab Revolt, and his death. In 2008, there was also a series about him produced and filmed in
1055:
513:عودة بن الحرب بن صباح بن فرج بن محمد بن فرج بن فرج بن سلامة بن علوان بن قبال بن حويط بن غازي، المعروف باسم أبو طايء الحويطي (أبو عناد).
453:. I will not hesitate to offer what remains of my intact body to my nation and people, and I swear to Allah, what I say is a sacrifice.
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1495:
881:
856:
1153:
438:
Auda abu Tayi is considered a hero of the Arab revolt. In reward for his services rendered, he received a sword from the hands of
1640:
439:
412:
1259:
1007:
823:
499:
Nowadays, only ruins remain of his building due to it being in the desert and not receiving heritage care and restoration.
548:
as a figure of anarchic, primitive masculine energy deliberately set against the idea of British 'civilisation' (see also
449:
In my body, there are twenty-two wounds, the most cherished of which are the last wounds, which were for the glory of the
320:
Auda was the son of Harb Abu Tayi (? – 1904). He was the fourth among five brothers and one sister and had a rough youth.
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492:. Before it was completed, however, he died in 1924 of natural causes. He was buried in Ras al-Ain,
248:
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49:
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307:. Those accounts, which presented him as a greedy and slick man, were criticized by historians.
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had come to arrest him. In this way, he managed to evade the Turkish police, who let him pass.
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However, historians have criticized these accounts of Auda as misrepresenting Arabs and Auda.
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He is an important figure in Lawrence's semi-fictionalized account of the Arab Revolt, "
284:
278:
71:
898:"عودة أبو تايه وحمد الجازي توسدا بندقيتيهما حتى رفعا مع الأمير فيصل راية الثورة بدمشق"
1624:
613:
545:
67:
1285:
Bewley, Robert; Kennedy, David (2013), Hanson, William S.; Oltean, Ioana A. (eds.),
247:, where he managed to capture the city, seizing the entire Ottoman garrison and the
233:
859:, p. 34. Lawrence (in his report above) stated that the Howeitat were "altogether
1298:
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Auda led the Arab forces in several battles, the most significant ones being the
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He received the nicknames of "Commander of the People" and of "Desert Falcon".
797:
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Soldier Heroes: British Adventure, Empire, and the Imagining of Masculinities
1454:
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1088:
884:, p. 48. Auda claimed that the troops were shot when they opened fire on him.
17:
1601:"جوائز مهرجان القاهرة الرابع عشر 2008 للإعلام العربي | FilFan.com | في الفن"
1130:"T. E. Lawrence's Misrepresentation of the Arabs in Seven Pillars of Wisdom"
1041:
430:
1604:
1141:
1029:
744:
48:
Photograph of Auda abu Tayi, probably taken by G. Eric Matson (1888–1977).
485:
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384:
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332:
214:
119:
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1076:
484:, Auda retired to the desert, building a modern fort at Al-Jafr east of
482:
collapse of the Arab government in Damascus, which was invaded by France
1554:
1462:
1430:
860:
294:
281:
218:
104:
273:, he is seen as a generous and honorable man. However, outside of the
1538:
1508:
863:", but they had in fact only recently abandoned farming for nomadism.
647:
473:
He continued raiding, for example, in 1921, he tried to do a raid in
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263:
237:
210:
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1358:
993:
Animals and War: Confronting the Military-Animal Industrial Complex
990:
II, Anthony J. Nocella; Salter, Colin; Bentley, Judy K. C. (2013).
897:
745:"صحيفة عمون : المركز العربي ينهي تصوير مسلسل "عودة أبو تايه""
637:
493:
450:
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259:
107:
83:
53:
347:, but had since fragmented and that Auda had come to control the
604:
474:
340:
221:
1287:"Historical Aerial Imagery in Jordan and the Wider Middle East"
714:
371:
offers allegiance to the King; a soldier next to him bears the
1509:"ص93 - كتاب الأعلام للزركلي - عودة أبو تايه - المكتبة الشاملة"
959:"The Wildest Brigand of the Desert | Maclean's | May 1st 1920"
849:
The Making of Jordan: Tribes, Colonialism and the Modern State
1431:"Problems of Genre in The Seven Pillars of Wisdom: A Triumph"
563:
He is considered a national figure by the Jordanian people.
1291:
Archaeology from Historical Aerial and Satellite Archives
1034:
Conceiving Strangeness in British First World War Writing
620:, the film's producers; the case was eventually dropped.
1429:
Brandabur, A. Clare; Athamneh, Nasser al-Hassan (2000).
589:
in one of his books and by Abdal Fattah al-Yaffi.in his
277:, he is mainly known through his distorted portrayal in
1666:
Recipients of the Order of the State Centenary (Jordan)
445:
About his role in the Great Arab Revolt, he declared:
1134:
Millennium Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
682:
McGill University Library, Frederick Gerard (1934).
623:
Auda was also featured as a supporting character in
522:
201:11 January 1874 – 27 December 1924), nicknamed the
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113:
93:
77:
61:
32:
1036:, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 81–116,
1173:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
685:A history of Trans-Jordan and its tribes Vol. 1
902:جريدة الغد | مصدرك الأول لأخبار الأردن والعالم
335:had formerly been under the leadership of the
8:
1211:"عودة أبو تايه.. عقيد الثورة العربية الكبرى"
1077:"Affaire Aldington contre Lawrence d'Arabie"
1030:"E.M. Forster and the War's Colonial Aspect"
1359:"هنا عاش عودة أبو تايه (صور من أطلال قصره)"
838:report of 24 July 1917, from telawrence.net
29:
1128:Taha, Ibrahim Mahmoud Bani (2020-06-01).
1028:Buck, Claire (2015), Buck, Claire (ed.),
930:"محمد أبو تايه .. زعيم قبيلة ومناضل أصيل"
715:"الشيخ عودة أبو تايِه .. الرَجُل النابِه"
672:, University of Miami Press, 1958, p. 212
1293:, New York: Springer, pp. 221–242,
429:
367:Auda Abu Tayi (marked with an X) of the
362:
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658:
1385:
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1334:"Historical Imagery: Qa' al Jafr Fort"
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922:
791:
789:
585:He was described as a generous man by
262:. He is considered a national hero in
1424:
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1392:"الشيخ المجاهد عــودة أبـو تــايـــه"
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7:
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232:. The Howeitat lived in what is now
1656:Arab people from the Ottoman Empire
512:
198:
1588:Robert Bolt: Scenes From Two Lives
874:State, Society, and Land in Jordan
670:A History of Jordan and its Tribes
258:He died in 1924 and was buried in
251:, when he took the city alongside
25:
963:Maclean's | The Complete Archive
331:Lawrence recorded that the Jazi
98:
42:
1646:Military leaders of World War I
1569:from the original on 2023-12-28
1519:from the original on 2022-11-11
1469:from the original on 2021-04-23
1402:from the original on 2023-02-02
1396:الحياة نيوز : اخبار الاردن
1369:from the original on 2023-12-28
1340:from the original on 2023-12-16
1315:from the original on 2023-12-28
1262:from the original on 2015-10-22
1221:from the original on 2023-12-28
1156:from the original on 2023-12-28
1103:from the original on 2023-12-28
1058:from the original on 2023-12-28
1010:from the original on 2023-12-28
969:from the original on 2022-10-15
940:from the original on 2023-12-28
908:from the original on 2023-12-28
755:from the original on 2021-09-23
27:Bedouin Arab leader (1874–1924)
415:alongside the Howeitat tribe.
1:
824:The Howeitat and their Chiefs
636:He is also portrayed in 2009
1603:. 2018-06-14. Archived from
1299:10.1007/978-1-4614-4505-0_13
178:Mohammed al-Dheilan (cousin)
1661:Arab independence activists
523:
507:His full genealogy was, in
1682:
1245:The Leadership of Muhammad
442:as a token of friendship.
81:27 December 1924 (aged 50)
1651:Ottoman Arab nationalists
1248:. Kogan Page Publishers.
904:(in Arabic). 2016-05-24.
41:
627:'s Lawrence-themed play
600:He was portrayed in the
403:At the beginning of the
1543:Journal of Cell Science
1144:(inactive 2024-09-12).
1075:Cohen, Gustave (1956).
1042:10.1057/9781137471659_4
847:Alon, Y. and Eilon, J.
587:Khayr al-Din al-Zirikli
579:Seven Pillars of Wisdom
290:Seven Pillars of Wisdom
203:Commander of the People
147:Battle of Aba el Lissan
1435:Comparative Literature
461:, in the last days of
455:
435:
376:
88:Emirate of Transjordan
1641:Bedouin tribal chiefs
1142:10.47340/mjhss.v1i1.3
802:صحيفة الوسط البحرينية
447:
433:
366:
217:or Huwaytat tribe of
1390:admin (2018-01-02).
1242:Adair, John (2010).
796:حسن, الوسط-شبكة بو.
749:وكالة عمون الاخبارية
713:Husam (2022-02-06).
297:depiction of him in
213:of a section of the
1537:Mole (2019-05-31).
1490:, Routledge, 1997,
996:. Lexington Books.
457:He managed to take
224:at the time of the
167:Capture of Damascus
1555:10.1242/jcs.233601
829:2009-01-06 at the
609:Lawrence of Arabia
436:
377:
304:Lawrence of Arabia
1549:(11): jcs233601.
1308:978-1-4614-4505-0
1255:978-0-7494-6116-4
1051:978-1-137-47165-9
1003:978-0-7391-8652-7
567:Artistical legacy
539:Historical legacy
521:
405:Great Arab Revolt
399:Great Arab revolt
249:siege of Damascus
226:Great Arab Revolt
184:
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180:Ibn Zaal (nephew)
157:Battle of Talifeh
16:(Redirected from
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625:Terence Rattigan
618:Columbia Studios
559:Political legacy
526:
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490:prisoners of war
423:(July 1917) and
407:, he joined the
349:Eastern Howeitat
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142:Battle of Fwelia
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427:(October 1918).
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409:Sharif of Mecca
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337:House of Rashid
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245:battle of Aqaba
230:First World War
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162:Battle of Deraa
152:Battle of Aqaba
137:Siege of Medina
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1441:(4): 321–338.
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1365:. 2015-09-04.
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872:Fischbach, M.
865:
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798:"عودة أبوتايه"
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643:Auda abu Tayeh
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285:T. E. Lawrence
191:Awda Abu Tayih
187:Auda Abu Tayeh
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1607:on 2018-06-14
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1398:(in Arabic).
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1189:Seven Pillars
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68:Hejaz Vilayet
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36:عودة أبو تايه
31:
19:
18:Auda ibu Tayi
1609:. Retrieved
1605:the original
1595:
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206:
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126:Battles/wars
1636:1924 deaths
1631:1874 births
1539:"Dignity I"
804:(in Arabic)
721:(in Arabic)
550:Orientalism
463:World War I
287:'s account
228:during the
131:Arab Revolt
1625:Categories
1611:2023-12-28
1573:2023-12-27
1523:2023-12-28
1513:shamela.ws
1473:2023-12-27
1406:2023-12-28
1373:2023-12-28
1344:2023-12-27
1319:2023-12-27
1266:2023-12-28
1225:2023-12-28
1215:الجزيرة نت
1187:Lawrence,
1160:2023-12-27
1107:2023-12-27
1062:2023-12-27
1014:2023-12-28
973:2022-10-15
944:2023-12-28
912:2023-12-28
808:2023-12-28
759:2023-12-28
725:2023-12-28
692:2022-10-15
668:Peake, F.
654:References
602:David Lean
572:Literature
496:, Jordan.
316:Early life
299:David Lean
275:Arab world
271:Arab world
209:, was the
94:Allegiance
1563:0021-9533
1455:0010-4124
1150:2708-8022
1089:0994-5873
719:Afaq News
591:Memories.
518:romanized
373:Arab flag
311:Biography
175:Relations
1567:Archived
1517:Archived
1498:, p. 184
1486:Dawson,
1467:Archived
1400:Archived
1367:Archived
1338:Archived
1313:archived
1260:Archived
1219:Archived
1191:, p. 169
1154:Archived
1101:Archived
1097:44207315
1056:archived
1008:Archived
967:Archived
938:Archived
906:Archived
827:Archived
753:Archived
425:Damascus
375:. (1917)
369:Howeitat
333:Howeitat
301:'s film
215:Howeitat
120:Huwaytat
114:Service/
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440:Hussein
357:nomadic
279:British
269:In the
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640:film
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486:Ma'an
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385:Ma'an
360:paid.
345:Ha'il
341:amirs
260:Amman
222:Arabs
108:Arabs
84:Amman
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50:Tabuk
1559:ISSN
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