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Cootamundra Home for Orphan and
Neglected Aboriginal Children. There is oral history reference to another building referred to as the nurses quarters, the fever hut and the old school. Its exact location isn't known at this stage. The original morgue, originally located near the well was moved in the 1950s to the other end of the kitchen and has since been demolished. The well was twelve metres deep and four metres across with a domed concrete lid, it was filled in during the 1980s. Water supplies were often unreliable until the town water was connected in the 1940s. The operating theatre became matron's room; the committee room, her sitting room; the dispensary her office. The verandah were enclosed for extra dormitory space on the southern and eastern sides. In the 1920s and 1930s the kitchen was extended and a new caretaker's cottage was built. A weather shed was built near the school, a pan-system toilet block, laundry and a dairy. There was also a windmill to pump water from a dam below the main building to the vegetable garden and orchard. In the paddocks Lucerne was grown to support six cows and there was a chicken run. The home must have been reasonably self-sufficient however in the reports of the Board there is reference to the high cost of maintenance of Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home as compared to Kinchela Aboriginal Boys' Training Home. The Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home had its own school up until 1946 (Cootamundra East Aboriginal School). After 1946 the girls attended the Cootamundra Public School.
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good, carried over from the 19th century and was enshrined as government policy through the
Aborigines Protection Board, which later became the Aborigines Welfare Board. The Girls' Home is a direct example of how the Board's policies were implemented and the government acted as a paternalistic force in Aboriginal lives. The Girls' Home provides physical evidence of the Government policy of assimilation as a means to empty the Aboriginal Reserves and force Aboriginal people to live like white society. The training of children and removal from their families and culture was to provide them with the skills necessary, albeit as the servants to the rest of society. The Girls' Home as a training facility only offered Domestic Service as a career choice and demonstrates the entrenched social theory of the 19th and greater part of the 20th centuries that Aboriginal people were inferior in intelligence. The home provides historical evidence of the ethnocentric attitudes of mainstream Australian society which denied Aboriginal culture a place in that society until the 1967 Referendum. It demonstrates the implementation of Social Darwinism as government policy which believed that "full blood Aborigines" would become extinct and the rest of the "half caste " population would be assimilated or absorbed into white society.
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to be associated with ongoing heath issues for some past residents. The Home buildings provide a tangible link to the past for former residents. Memories associated with the place whether painful or not, are revisited when former residents visit the former home. Some former residents speak of the healing process experienced when returning whilst others don't ever want to return.The monument erected in 2006 commemorates the lives of the girls who passed through the home during its operation from 1912 to 1969 and demonstrates the importance the place holds to the generations of former residents. The
Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home provides tangible evidence of the historic practice of removing children from Aboriginal families, a government practice which affected the lives of every Aboriginal community but was outside the consciousness of mainstream Australians. With the
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associated with
Kinchela Aboriginal Boys' Training Home to which many of the brothers of the girls sent to Cootamundra, were sent. The Home is also associated with Bomaderry Children's Home where young children were sent before being transferred to the Cootamundra Girls' or Kinchela Boys' Homes. Some young children, including boys, were kept at Cootamundra until being transferred to Bomaderry. The home is also associated with Parramatta Girls' Home. The Girls' Home provides an example of the historical practice of Aboriginal wards of the State being denied their Aboriginality and cultural heritage which was the subject of a National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from the Families in 1997 (Commission of Inquiry). The home is associated with the National Apology to the Stolen Generations in
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has since been demolished due to termite damage. In the south eastern corners of the central ward/dormitory are two square rooms with pyramidal roofs originally used as a bathroom and latrines with another verandah in between. This verandah was also enclosed by the Girls' Home and used as a box room. An additional room was added to this in the 1940s for use as an infants' dormitory. At the north western end of the main dormitory is a transverse brick wing with a hip roof joined to the main ward by a hall and used as a Matron's room and locker room. This building is intersected by another hip roof building originally housing the operating theatre and then the Matron's bedroom. The north east side of the building also had a verandah which was extended and enclosed for use as a dining room by the Girls' Home.
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of the home and methods used in raising
Aboriginal wards of the State. Many of the oral histories of former residents describe the routine at the home. The use of the former hospital buildings as an institution for Aboriginal girls reflects the early 20th century practice of placing children in dormitories, divided by age. This approach was to change when the 1950s theories were introduced and the concept of mother child bonds were considered more important. The numbers of girls at Cootamundra dropped significantly after this time when foster caring became a more regular occurrence, although the practice of assimilation continued with the girls being placed in "white" families.
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566:. They were also taught to fear Aboriginal men. Existing records show that around 570 "Coota Girls" were sent out into the employment of more than 1200 families or individuals, although it is thought that the number may be higher. In the 1950s the approach to child welfare institutions was to change when new theories were introduced and the concept of mother child bonds was considered more important. The numbers of girls at Cootamundra dropped significantly after this time when foster caring became a more regular occurrence, although the practice of assimilation continued with some girls being placed in "white" families and bussing others into the local high school.
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was first supervised by Mrs. Gribble as a home to mothers with their young children, single women, and girls. Although there was a school at
Warangesda, the dormitory followed the institutional model of its time, and taught housekeeping skills to the girls to prepare them for respectable employment in menial duties on nearby stations. It also housed them separately in a building which included a dining room and kitchen as well as the dormitory room. Girls were brought in from many places and kept under supervision of dormitory matrons as well as Mrs. Gribble or the wives of later managers.
389:, which was introduced in 1909. The Board's Annual Reports of 1909 and 1911 show the emphasis on training of Aboriginal children. The Board felt limited by the Act because it only gave them direct control over children over 14 who could be apprenticed. To remove younger children they had to apply to the magistrate under the Neglected Children and Juvenile Offenders Act 1905. The Board was of the opinion that the children would only become good and proper members of "industrial society" if they were completely removed and not allowed to return.
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506:. The original plan had the main brick building with verandas on four sides and a separate kitchen to the north. The large ward was in the centre of the building and later became the older girls' dormitory. The entry was from a circular drive in front of the southern verandah which faced the town below. In 1910 the Cootamundra District Hospital moved to a new more central site in town and the old hospital on the hill closed.
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the
Families in 1997 (Commission of Inquiry). The nation was made aware of how widespread the practice of removal was, which affected every Aboriginal community but was outside the consciousness of mainstream Australians. The Cootamundra Girls' Home provides contemporary Australia with physical evidence as a means to comprehend the pain and suffering of past assimilation practices.
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convened of State and
Commonwealth Aboriginal authorities. The result was an official assimilation policy formed on the premise that "full-blood" Aborigines would be soon extinct and the "half-caste" should be absorbed into society. Meanwhile, the Aboriginal people were organising to become a force of resistance. In 1938, the Sesquicentenary (the 150th anniversary of British
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525:, it was cold and dry. I missed the tall timbers and all the time I was away there was this loneliness inside of me." One former resident said that all of their clothes were taken away when they were admitted, and their heads shaved. They were strongly discouraged from maintaining any aspect of their culture, including language. It was seen as forced
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The Home was planned according to early twentieth century social welfare policy which housed the children in dormitories according to age. The older girls were considered to be a corrupting influence on the younger ones and were therefore separated. The girls were looked after by staff who lived on the premises including a matron.
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Placement of
Aboriginal girls in the institution of the Cootamundra Girls' Home caused cultural dislocation for the former residents and ongoing associated problems within the Aboriginal community. The place as a means to reconnect to the past is associated with commemoration and healing of these individuals and communities.
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the Prime
Minister issued a public apology. The assimilation policies and removal of children have created ongoing issues for contemporary Aboriginal communities which have to deal with the cultural divergence that is the result of some Aboriginal people being raised in non-Aboriginal families or institutions.
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The Cootamundra home is the only surviving Aboriginal Girls' Training Home in NSW. It was always the principal Aboriginal training facility for girls. The dormitory at Warangesda was a prototype but Cootamundra provides an example which was specifically used for the purpose between 1912 and 1975. The
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The former Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home buildings provide evidence of the conditions experienced in the children's homes from 1912 until the 1970s. The original buildings and associated plans and descriptions of their former use provide an insight into the domestic routine and the life
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The Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home has strong social significance for the former residents and for the families and communities from whom the girls were removed. The place is associated with stories of deep personal grief and social and cultural dislocation and has also been demonstrated
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The former Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home provides tangible evidence of the history social theory and Government policy which controlled the lives of Aboriginal people throughout the 20th century. The belief that Aboriginal people were a "child" race and had to be protected for their own
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The Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home provides an example of the historical practice of Aboriginal wards of the State being denied their Aboriginality and cultural heritage which was the subject of a National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from
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The former Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home provides tangible evidence of the historic Government policy and practice of taking Aboriginal children away from their families and communities, severing all ties with their culture in order to assimilate them into mainstream Australian society.
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The earliest building on the site is a face brick early Federation style building built in 1887 as the first Cootamundra hospital. The layout of the hospital includes a large central room under a hip roof which was the ward and later became a dormitory utilising the same hospital beds. The ward faces
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The 35-acre property that is the former Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home has since passed on to the Young Local Aboriginal Land Council who, in turn, has leased the property, on a long term lease, to the Aboriginal Evangelical Fellowship as a Christian vocational, cultural and agricultural
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visited the area in 1829 and by 1837 John Hurley & Patrick Fennell were licensed to pasture stock on Coramundra Run, which grew to encompass 50,000 acres. By 1861 the town of Cootamundra was gazetted and the first lots were sold a year later coinciding with commencement of gold mining east of the
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continued to send Aboriginal girls to the Warangesda girls' dormitory. It was the Warangesda Mission/Station girls' dormitory which became the model or prototype for the girls' home established at Cootamundra. When Warengesda closed the policy had been for a number of years to send the girls from the
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The home provides evidence of the ongoing public debate which polarised the Australian community, with the publication of the findings of the Commission of Inquiry in 1997. There was considerable debate, particularly over whether there should be a public apology to the "stolen generations". In 2008
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The former Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home provides historical evidence of the historic Government policy of assimilation that was based on Social Darwinism or the premise that "full blood" Aborigines would die out and the "mixed race" Aboriginals would soon have their Aboriginality bred
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to acquire literacy skills, and then went to school. She was appointed one of the inaugural directors of the Coota Girls Aboriginal Corporation in 2013, and was an inaugural member and chairwoman of the Stolen Generations Advisory Committee in 2016. In December 2019, Reid was bestowed with the Order
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roof. The front of the building faced south west towards the town of Cootamundra. A circular carriageway was on what is now lawn in front of the verandah. The verandah was extended along its length and enclosed during the time of the Girls' Home and used as a second dormitory. The enclosed extension
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Girls were sent to Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home until the age of 14 and then they were sent out to work. Many girls became pregnant whilst in domestic service, only to have their children in turn removed and institutionalised back at Cootamundra or Bomaderry. Generations of Aboriginal
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The climate at Cootamundra has an extreme range of temperatures which made conditions at the Home relatively harsh, particularly for those girls from more temperate or sub-tropical areas. The routine at the home has since been described by the former residents as very strict and the days were long.
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group. (Tindale) Aboriginal people from the area identify themselves as being part of the Wiradjuri nation. Wiradjuri means "people of the three rivers", these rivers being the Macquarie, Lachlan and Murrumbidgee. Clashes between the new European settlers and the local Aboriginal people were common
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was subsequently created in 1883. "The objectives of the Board were to provide asylum for the aged and sick, who are dependent on others for help and support; but also, and of at least equal importance to train and teach the young, to fit them to take their places amongst the rest of the community"
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After the closure of the Girls' Home the site was taken up by the Bimbadeen Evangelical College. Bimbadeen has added to and made alterations to the main Girls' Home complex. The area between the kitchen and the main building has been fully enclosed for use as an auditorium. A large dining room has
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Beyond this was a separate brick kitchen. In between the kitchen and the main building were an assembly area and a well. Adjacent to the kitchen was an old morgue which had been moved several times on the site and was used by the Girls' Home as a store room and also a punishment room; it has since
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in 1880 and one of his concerns was what he perceived to be the vulnerability of young Aboriginal women in an environment that attracted immoral white men who would cohabit with the women, then abandon them when they became pregnant. A separate girls' dormitory was set up at Warangesda in 1883 and
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The former Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home is directly associated with the Aborigines Protection Board and the Aborigines Welfare Board. The Home is associated with the Warangesda Aboriginal Station at which the prototype for training Aboriginal girls was first developed. The Home is
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In the meantime, the Aborigines Protection Board had been looking for accommodation for Aboriginal girls under 14 who were too young to enter domestic service. The hospital buildings being set apart but close to a town and railway were considered suitable and in 1911 were purchased to become the
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remaining from the soldier settlement land redistribution, were poor, often overcrowded, and it was easy for the government to prove neglect and remove Aboriginal children. In 1937, in response to public pressure from academic and missionary groups sympathetic to Aboriginal people, a meeting was
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report (from the Commission of Inquiry) the nation was made aware of how widespread the practice of removal was. The Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home provides contemporary Australia with physical evidence as a means to comprehend the pain and suffering of past assimilation practices.
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In 1969 the NSW Aborigines Welfare Board was abolished, Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home was passed over to the care of the NSW Department of Youth and Community Services and eventually closed its doors in 1974. Non- Aboriginal children were also sent to the Home after 1969. From the
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was amended in 1915 and again in 1918 giving the Board the right "to assume full control and custody of the child of any aborigine, if after due inquiry it is satisfied that such a course is in the interest of the moral or physical welfare of such child. The Board may remove such child to such
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slab remains. The buildings are surrounded by extensive lawns and some large trees, such as Pepper Trees and Eucalypts. The tennis court is still in situ although not maintained. There is an original dairy to the south of the main building which is in poor condition. A caretaker's cottage was
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The Aborigines Protection Board was finally abolished and replaced by the Aborigines Welfare Board in 1940. Aboriginal children were then subject to the Child Welfare Act 1939 which required a magistrate's hearing and the child had to be proven neglected or uncontrollable. Aboriginal children
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on "attachment theory", began to influence the institutional care of children in Australia. That an infant needs to develop a relationship with at least one primary caregiver for social and emotional development to occur normally: rather than only being treated with affection as a reward
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out. The former Home is evidence of the plan to train Aboriginal girls to become domestic servants demonstrating the prevalent ideology of the early to mid twentieth century, that Aboriginal people were inferior in intelligence and only fit to become the servants of the rest of society.
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Until 1881 Aboriginal people were under the jurisdiction of the Colonial Secretary, Police and the Lands Department. In 1880 a private body known as the Association for the Protection of Aborigines was formed and following agitation by this body, the Government appointed a
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The former Cootamundra Hospital and the Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home were built upon a hill north east of Cootamundra. The property consists of a large parcel of land which had room for buildings as well as orchards and livestock such as dairy cows.
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of the Wiradjuri people, and advocate for the Stolen Generation and other Indigenous issues. She was taken as a child, along with her brother and sister, as they were walking home from school one day, with their parents being told nothing of what had happened.
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changed the Australian Constitution in a way that brought positive changes for Aboriginal people. One resultant change was the abolition of the Aborigines Welfare Board in 1969. After this time non-Aboriginal girls were admitted to Cootamundra Girls Home.
455:) which was the prevailing theory of the 1940s. Fostering then became the preferred option and a more common occurrence. In accordance with the assimilation policy which was still prevalent, Aboriginal children were fostered with non-Aboriginal parents.
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The former Home is a rare example of an Aboriginal Girls' Training Home in NSW and has the potential to provide insight into the accommodation and training of Aboriginal wards of the State in the first half of the twentieth century.
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and six new residences have been added along the northern boundary away from the main complex. The circular carriageway used by the hospital is no longer evident and the main entrance is in the location of the old well.
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357:(State Records). This objective became the basis of future child removal policy: that the inferior status of the Aborigines would only be rectified by removing the children and educating them in white ways.
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In 1889 the first Cootamundra Hospital was opened on a hill east of the town on a site of 35 acres after 5 years of fund raising. The hospital was designed by government architects, Morell and Kemp of
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317:. Both these institutions were considered failures, one reason being that once parents realised their children wouldn't be allowed to come home and wouldn't give them up to the institutions. The
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One former "Coota girl," Lorraine Peeters, established the Marumali Program in 2000, to help people affected by the Stolen Generations to heal from trauma and in a culturally informed manner.
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The former Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home is representative of the historic systemic government practice of assimilation of Aboriginal people during the 20th century.
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Frustrated by the lack of legislative power to control the education and lives of Aboriginal children the Aborigines Protection Board successfully lobbied for a new act, the
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place has rarity as the only surviving evidence of the assimilation policies which dictated that Aboriginal girls be institutionalised and trained as domestic servants.
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in June that year. Thus began a systemic government approach to the regulation and control of the lives of Aboriginal people that got tighter and tighter until the
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constructed between 1920 and 1940 at the front gate. There was a boiler which has had test excavation and can be regarded as a potential archaeological resource.
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With the spread of settlers and their livestock came conflict and dispossession. The first bill for the Protection of Aborigines was drafted in 1838 after the
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in the 1820s and 1830s. On the frontier of Wellington Valley the Reverend Watson gained a reputation for stealing Aboriginal children and as a consequence the
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In 2013, the Coota Girls Aboriginal Corporation was created, with former resident Aunty Isabel Reid (see below) appointed as one of the inaugural directors.
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The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.
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around the Murrumbidgee and even further north, particularly between 1839 and 1841. These violent incidents have been termed the "Wiradjuri wars". (Read)
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The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
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The original buildings as used by the Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home have been adapted but can still be clearly read amongst the additions.
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control and care as it thinks best.". A court hearing was no longer necessary. If the parents wanted to appeal it was up to them to go to the court.
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Aunty Isabel Reid (born 1932), a former resident of the home, is in 2021 aged 88, the oldest living survivor of those forcibly removed under the
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The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.
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The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.
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521:" created a dislocation for the girls as was described by one submission to the Commission of Inquiry. "Cootamundra was so different from the
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been added to the north of the kitchen. A blockwork ablutions building has been constructed on the site of an earlier building. A large farm
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or Boystown. There were no specific homes for uncontrollable Aboriginal children so these were sent to State corrective institutions such as
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The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
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mid-1970s the NSW Department of Youth and Community Services began employing Aboriginal workers in the placement of Aboriginal children.
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The policies and practices of the New South Wales Government described below are historic and are not current policies and practices.
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699:, "for her outstanding contribution to Charles Sturt and the broader community", and she was the NSW State Recipient of Senior
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Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home; Cootamundra Girls' Home; Aboriginal Girls' Training Home; Bimbadeen Bible College;
270:, and they were not allowed any contact with their families. They were part of a cohort of Aboriginal people now known as the
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1606:"Bringing Them Home - National Inquiry into Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from Their Families"
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The depression and drought years of the 1920s and 1930s were particularly difficult for Aboriginal people. Conditions in the
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In 2012, a monument was erected by the people of Cootamundra to commemorate the centenary of the training home's opening.
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1368:"'Fighter' for Stolen Generations and Indigenous education Aunty Isabel Reid recognised as NSW Senior Australian of Year"
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In 2022, volunteers started work on turning the home into a healing space. A memorial garden is being planted, and a
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In 2013 the Coota Girls Aboriginal Corporation (CGAC) was created, which is now responsible for restoring the home.
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as a Christian vocational, cultural and agricultural training centre called Bimbadeen College. It was added to the
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The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.
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The former Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home is located on lands described by Tindale as those of the
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The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
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women passed through Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home until its closure. Some girls were sent to
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Since 2020, a project is being undertaken by the Coota Girls Aboriginal Corporation in collaboration with
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Historically Aboriginal children were separated from their families from the earliest days of the
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439:. The education of Aboriginal children had generally been one of segregation until, in 1940, the
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1159:"Lorraine Peeters was stolen and trained to be a servant in NSW, now she trains others to heal"
806:. The property has association with Bimbadeen Bible College which occupies the property today.
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published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under
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Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under
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from 1911 to 1968 to provide training to girls forcibly taken from their families under the
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gold fields. The opening of the railway in 1877 led to the expansion of the settlement.
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also subsidised missionary activity among the Aboriginal people, including that of the
1542:"Stolen Generations descendants begin work on healing space at Cootamundra girls home"
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will pay for the removal of asbestos and other work, while volunteers will gather for
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The girls were not allowed any contact with their families, being trained to work as
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style rural hospital. The building has undergone change and had large additions.
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880:, owing to lack of maintenance in recent years, and a state government grant of
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739:(1946–2011), Indigenous rights activist and advocate for the Stolen Generations
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Front of the hospital; the original front verandah was enclosed as a dormitory
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Former home for Aboriginal girls removed from their families in NSW, Australia
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1512:"Campaign to save Cootamundra Girls Home from ruin and be a healing place"
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Cootamundra Domestic Training Home for Aboriginal Girls was listed on the
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Location of Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home in New South Wales
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as early as 1814 and in 1823 another Native Institution was started in
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the youngest children. Reports of girls being abused were related in
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The removal of Aboriginal children from their families, culture and "
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culture. She also said that there was a female member of staff who
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girls during the 20th century. It operated by the NSW Government's
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When Warangesda Mission became an Aboriginal Station in 1884 the
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1064:(Brindley p48, A board official quoted by P Read and C Edwards.)
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The Home on the Hill, The story behind Cootamundra Girl's Home
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dormitory to the Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home.
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The building that housed the Home was later taken over by the
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on 17 February 2012 having satisfied the following criteria.
1452:"Stolen Generations survivor remains dedicated to the cause"
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1426:"Wiradjuri Elder Aunty Isabel Reid receives award honour"
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Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (Australia)
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Cootamundra Domestic Training Home for Aboriginal Girls
1228:, Vol. 1, Aboriginal Studies Press, Canberra, , p. 228.
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Cootamundra Domestic Training Home for Aboriginal Girls
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Seminaries and theological colleges in New South Wales
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Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (1997).
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History of Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home
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and a call for the Abolition of the Protection Board.
1282:. New South Wales, Australia. 18 June 1953. p. 2
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south west and has highlight windows above the front
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This Knowledge (XXG) article contains material from
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1640:Prepared by Carol Kendall assisted by Peter Read.
1073:Aborigines Protection Amending Act, 1915, 4. 13A
814:The buildings are a representative example of a
1613:Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission.
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1372:ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
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446:In the 1960s the work of British psychiatrist
1012:"Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home"
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650:The girls taken to the home were part of the
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309:established the first Native Institution in
1661:Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home
690:After getting out of the home, she went to
35:Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls' Training Home
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1290:– via National Library of Australia.
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1226:The Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia
1022:Department of Planning & Environment
921:Category:Stolen Generations institutions
1704:New South Wales State Heritage Register
1665:New South Wales State Heritage Register
1017:New South Wales State Heritage Register
932:
775:New South Wales State Heritage Register
559:for all girls regardless of ethnicity.
425:Kinchela Aboriginal Boys' Training Home
329:hid their children from the white men.
283:New South Wales State Heritage Register
1729:Australian Aboriginal cultural history
354:Board for the Protection of Aborigines
252:, was a home and training college for
419:continued to be sent to Cootamundra,
184:
176:
168:
160:
152:
144:
135:
61:Cootamundra-Gundagai Regional Council
7:
1585:"Timeline of the Stolen Generations"
1366:Hayter, Melinda (10 November 2020).
654:of Aboriginal people in Australia.
433:Mount Penang Juvenile Justice Centre
421:Bomaderry Aboriginal Children's Home
340:finally brought significant change.
1739:Defunct girls' schools in Australia
1550:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1520:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1248:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
713:Minister for Indigenous Australians
553:Parramatta Girls' Industrial School
475:Historic photo of the Training Home
128:Young Local Aboriginal Land Council
1615:Bringing Them Home Resource Sheets
1510:Hayter, Melinda (11 August 2021).
1335:"Welcome to the Marumali Program®"
1238:Clancy, Tatjana (13 August 2012).
1183:Stephens, Tony (28 January 1998).
745:(1904 – 1996), activist and writer
429:Mittagong Training School for Boys
25:
1714:Vocational education in Australia
1574:Brindley, Merryl - Leigh (1994).
725:Apology to the Stolen Generations
279:Aboriginal Evangelical Fellowship
139:New South Wales Heritage Register
1682:
1654:
1540:Hayter, Melinda (9 April 2022).
1034:
905:
620:The kitchen is in the foreground
213:
206:
46:Driveway leading to western wing
1719:Stolen Generations institutions
1157:Williams, Carly (4 June 2023).
1734:Australian Aboriginal missions
679:Aborigines Protection Act 1909
386:Aborigines Protection Act 1909
263:Aborigines Protection Act 1909
1:
1301:Jopson, Debra (23 May 1997).
1224:Horton, David (ed.), (1994),
1118:Aboriginal Women's Heritage,
625:been demolished, however the
443:officially took on the role.
369:Warangesda Aboriginal Mission
319:Government of New South Wales
1674:, accessed on 2 June 2018.
1663:, entry number 01873 in the
1311:. p. 38. Archived from
466:
1193:. p. 9. Archived from
543:, the 1997 report into the
377:Aboriginal Protection Board
1765:
1082:The Abo Call 1st Sept 1938
1624:Wiradjuri Places Volume 1
1457:National Indigenous Times
1274:"Cootamundra Girls' Home"
427:, while some went to the
409:colonisation of Australia
395:Aborigines Protection Act
323:London Missionary Society
303:colony of New South Wales
201:
197:
193:
132:
39:
697:Charles Sturt University
582:Centenary monument, 2015
413:National Day of Mourning
258:Aborigines Welfare Board
1622:Kabaila, Peter (1995).
1240:"Cootamundra Remembers"
703:in 2021. Reid lives in
441:Department of Education
346:Protector of Aborigines
242:Cootamundra Girls' Home
1633:The Stolen generations
1400:Australian of the Year
1055:Warangesda HOD 5055095
913:New South Wales portal
874:Aboriginal Affairs NSW
701:Australian of the Year
621:
604:
583:
476:
157:state heritage (built)
1691:at Wikimedia Commons
1308:Sydney Morning Herald
1190:Sydney Morning Herald
797:Australian Parliament
619:
602:
581:
557:correctional facility
527:cultural assimilation
474:
460:May 1967 a referendum
437:Parramatta Girls Home
285:on 17 February 2012.
236:, commonly known as "
181:Place of significance
1631:Read, Peter (2007).
1482:(13 February 2021).
1109:Brindley 93 & 94
695:of the Companion of
334:Myall Creek massacre
93:34.6406°S 148.0457°E
1396:"Aunty Isabel Reid"
868:Restoration project
404:Aboriginal reserves
89: /
1583:Creative Spirits.
1460:. 22 February 2021
1432:. 11 December 2019
1406:on 17 January 2021
1279:Cootamundra Herald
830:Bringing Them Home
709:Black Lives Matter
707:, where she led a
652:Stolen Generations
622:
605:
584:
545:Stolen Generations
540:Bringing Them Home
481:Wiradjuri language
477:
411:) was marked by a
307:Governor Macquarie
272:Stolen Generations
170:Reference no.
98:-34.6406; 148.0457
55:39 Rinkin Street,
1687:Media related to
682:(NSW). She is an
672:Aunty Isabel Reid
667:Notable residents
564:domestic servants
268:domestic servants
230:
229:
18:Aunty Isabel Reid
16:(Redirected from
1756:
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1244:ABC Canberra 666
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365:Reverend Gribble
362:Darlington Point
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535:sexually abused
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338:1967 referendum
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112:1912–1974
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1744:Murray River
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1593:. Retrieved
1589:the original
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1568:Bibliography
1553:. Retrieved
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1404:the original
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1313:the original
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1709:Cootamundra
1650:Attribution
1344:3 September
1168:3 September
1120:Wagga Wagga
1100:Brindley 83
799:in 2008 by
705:Wagga Wagga
523:North Coast
448:John Bowlby
246:Cootamundra
96: /
84:148°02′45″E
72:Coordinates
67:, Australia
57:Cootamundra
1698:Categories
1480:Wyatt, Ken
927:References
816:Federation
804:Kevin Rudd
721:Kevin Rudd
627:foundation
311:Parramatta
297:Background
254:Aboriginal
189:Aboriginal
162:Designated
81:34°38′26″S
1669:CC-BY 4.0
1525:17 August
1041:CC-BY 4.0
895:created.
882:A$ 10,000
717:Ken Wyatt
352:MLC. The
327:Wiradjuri
315:Blacktown
238:Bimbadeen
117:Architect
1749:Riverina
1555:11 April
1546:ABC News
1516:ABC News
1430:CSU News
1339:Marumali
1215:BTH Ch3
1163:ABC News
1024:. H01873
899:See also
878:termites
610:verandah
495:town at
186:Category
52:Location
1672:licence
1044:licence
519:Country
497:Muttama
292:History
1595:2 July
1495:18 May
1464:18 May
1436:18 May
1410:17 May
1377:18 May
1140:BTH 54
1131:BTH 55
1028:2 June
731:Others
646:Legacy
504:Sydney
240:" and
1319:5 May
1258:5 May
1201:5 May
684:elder
529:into
125:Owner
109:Built
1597:2018
1557:2022
1527:2021
1497:2021
1466:2021
1438:2021
1412:2021
1379:2021
1346:2023
1321:2019
1288:2022
1260:2019
1203:2019
1170:2023
1030:2018
692:TAFE
636:shed
490:and
423:and
392:The
232:The
178:Type
173:1873
154:Type
723:'s
458:In
435:or
360:In
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451:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
