Knowledge (XXG)

BMC ADO17

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the manufacturers to raise the level to 95% in line with government requirements by the end of 1968. Initially the cars were generally identical to their British contemporaries; however, the local production was quickly modified to suit the harsher roads and climate of Australia. Modifications to the British Mark I design included raised suspension trim height, the provision of a large, heavy sump guard, and better sealing against dust. The Australian Mark II was notable in retaining the lower final drive ratio of the Mark I's manual transmission (but not the lower second gear), and, with the exception of the initial production run, was fitted with a dual-circuit hydraulic braking system manufactured locally by Paton's Brake Replacements (PBR) Pty. Ltd. Despite offering the safety of a dual-circuit system, it was generally held to be inferior in performance to the earlier Girling equipment. The Australian Mark II was also originally fitted with an alternator manufactured locally by Electricity Meter & Allied Industries Limited (EMAIL), a company better known for its kilowatt-hour meters and household appliances. In the event of failure, most EMAIL alternators were replaced by Australian-made Lucas units.
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seats and the option of an arm rest in the middle of the back seat were added to the specification schedule. A month later, in January 1965, the final drive ratio reverted to the 3.88:1 value used in the prototype, from the 4.2:1 ratio applied at launch: this was described as a response to "oil-consumption problems". The same month also saw the indicator switch modified. At the same time, higher gearing and reduced valve clearances reduced the published power output by 2 bhp (1.5 kW), but cured the "valve-crash" reported by some buyers when approaching top speed on one of Britain's recently constructed
844:. These cars featured new front and rear styling and a 2.2-litre 6-cylinder version of the E series OHC four-cylinder engine (becoming one of the first front-wheel-drive cars with a transversely mounted "inline" six-cylinder engine). Both models had an updated dashboard and interior but retained the "bus"-like steering wheel position and gearshift approach from the 1800. The MkI Kimberly had a higher power engine fitted with twin SU carburettors (MkII’s reverted to single carburettors like the Tasman). The X6 series was intended to compete more effectively with the Australian-assembled 880: 566: 758: 613: 625: 432:, and the application of inertia-controlled brake-force distribution, by means of a valve which transferred braking force between front and rear axles, as a function of sensed deceleration rather than as a function of fluid pressure. An interesting feature was a tail/brake/indicator night dipping system. A resistance circuit was connected in such a way so that when the sidelight circuit was energised, the resistors dimmed the tail/brake/indicator lights so not to blind or dazzle following drivers. The 774: 554: 542: 494: 682: 506: 766: 670: 601: 53: 452:
covers in January 1966, along with modified engine-mounting rubbers which were "resistant to de-bonding". February 1965 saw water shields fitted to the rear hubs, and the car's steering rattle cured by the judicious fitting of a spacer, while the propensity of early cars to jump out of first and second gears was solved by the fitting of a "synchroniser".
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Some 386,000 examples of all variants were produced in just over a decade, with the Austin-badged versions being the most common; some 221,000 units were produced. There were 95,271 Morris 1800 and 35,597 Wolseley 18/85 produced in the UK. Relatively few have survived outside the hands of enthusiasts
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Further, less dramatic modifications heralded a Mark III version in 1972. This had another change to the front grille (now a shared style for the Austin and Morris) and interior improvements, including a conventional floor-mounted handbrake. At this point, six-cylinder versions were introduced –
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In June 1967, without any fanfare or press releases, a modified version of the 1800 began to arrive at dealers, with repositioned heater controls, a strip of "walnut veneer" on the fascia, and separate bucket seats replacing the former split bench seat at the front. Other criticisms seem to have been
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Per capita, the Australian model sold better than anywhere else in the world. Ironically, it represented the tail-end of the popularity of British-designed cars in Australia. In the Australian market, it offered a roomy and advanced 4-cylinder alternative to the popular 6-cylinder models such as the
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range. The Wolseley retained its unique rear lights. Other changes included a higher second gear and final drive ratio for the manual transmission, and conventional suspension bushes replaced the far superior roller bearings fitted to the Mark I. The compression ratio was increased and maximum power
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Subsequent modifications included changing, repositioning and re-angling the handbrake in October 1965, removing the rear anti-roll bar and rearranging the rear suspension at the end of 1965, at the same time adjusting the steering to fix a problem of tyre scuffing, and fitting stronger engine side
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By 1966, Australia was described as BMC's leading world market. The 1800 was introduced in Australia in November 1965 as the Austin 1800, with a Mark II version being introduced in 1968. Australian-produced vehicles started out with a claimed local content of 65–70%, along with an undertaking from
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This was also the point at which the car received a differently calibrated dipstick, giving rise to rumours that engine problems on some of the early models had resulted from nothing more complicated than the wrong calibration of the dipstick, causing the cars to run with the wrong level of engine
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The car was unconventional in its appearance in 1964, with its large glasshouse and spacious, minimalist interior including leather, wood, and chrome features plus an unusual instrument display with ribbon speedometer and green indicator light on the end of the indicator stalk. There was a chrome
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As a one-off engineering prototype, to test production viability, an Australian 1800 Mark II body with subtly extended front guards and modified front internal structure was fitted with an early Rover 3.5 litre V8 mounted in the "North-South" position in the engine bay and then through a complex
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A nickname of 'Landcrab' was given to the car by some car enthusiasts, derived from the car's unusual proportions, being much wider and lower than most other cars in its class. The car's successful use in endurance rallies came about because, while the car was never particularly fast, its strong
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Progressive improvement was a feature of most cars in this period, but the number and nature of the changes affecting the early years of the Austin 1800 looked to some as though the car had been introduced with insufficient development. In December 1964, a month after its launch, reclining front
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In May 1968, a Mark II version was launched. This featured a cheaper and more conventional interior, revised front grilles and other trim, and for the Austin and Morris models the slim, horizontal rear lights were replaced by vertical "fin" lights which gave a family look along with the smaller
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quietly dealt with at the same time, including the fitting of more highly geared steering, which needed only 3.75 rather than 4.2 turns between locks, although the modification had applied to cars produced since September 1966 and, in the case of Australian cars, some time before that.
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Despite their technical superiority, updated styling, good ride, comfort, interior space and adequate power the "X6" series were somewhat underdeveloped due to a limited budget and so became ultimately commercially inferior to their competitors – eventually being superseded by the
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mechanical system, drove a heavily modified version of an "East-West"-mounted Borg Warner 3-speed automatic gearbox and Austin FWD differential. This car became Australia’s first locally-made FWD V8 car. The car was built by BLMC (Australia) at its Victoria Park works at
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Further improvements followed the launch of the Morris 1800 early in 1966. Gear cables were revamped to deal with "difficult engagement" of first and third gears in cold weather, and the seat mountings were adapted to increase rake in May 1966.
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bodyshell and sophisticated suspension allowed it to reliably maintain competitive average speeds over long distances on poor roads. The car's stance, strength and slow-but-sure nature over rough ground put the BMC rally crews in mind of a
713:, or 18–22 series, which bore the Austin and Morris (1800 and 2200) names, while the Wolseley variant had no official model name save for being marketed as "the Wolseley saloon". From late 1975, all ADO71 models were marketed under the 1983: 1976: 534:
The 1800S twin carburettor 95 bhp engine came in from October 1968. By 1970, a 97 bhp (72 kW) "S" model with twin SU HS6 carburettors, a 120 mph speedometer and sporty-looking badging was available.
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six-cylinder family cars of GM Holden, Ford and Chrysler Australia. Both of the Austin cars were offered with either 4-speed manuals or a 3-speed automatic. Mark II versions of both X6 models were introduced in 1971.
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project. Some reports state that the vehicle was eventually shipped to British Leyland in the UK and never seen again, while others claim it was simply broken up at the end of its testing by Leyland Australia.
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Local distributor New Zealand Motor Corporation initially imported the Australian Tasman and Kimberley models from Zetland, but later assembled most of its stock from CKD kits at its Petone plant near
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produced from 1968 to 1971. Over 2,000 examples were built. The Utility was released near the end of the first series in July 1968 and most of the examples produced were therefore Mk IIs. A
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Morris 1800 and Wolseley 18/85 variants were launched in 1966 and 1967 respectively, catering for the BMC dealerships selling those marques. The 18/85 name had previously been used on the
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oil. The manufacturer insisted that the "recalibration" of the dipstick was one of several (unspecified) modifications, and urged owners not to use the new dipsticks with older engines.
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Eventually, by 1973, Leyland Australia had modified the L6 engine and extended the stroke of the 2200 motor to 2600 cc for final use in the Leyland P76 and L6 Marina models.
744:. In later life, the ADO17 became a popular car for competing in banger racing and in demolition derbies, owing to the bodyshell's strength, which made it ideal for those sports. 624: 1429: 588: 1247: 2292: 817:. Mass production costs and general viability of the V8 "1800" were felt to be excessive, and the project was shelved, preference being given to the Australian 417:"umbrella handle" handbrake under the dashboard parcel shelf, and the two front seats met in the middle and could be used, on occasion, as a bench seat. Both 648:"X6" cars was introduced into the British ADO17 range in 1972. The British 6-cylinder models were marketed as the Austin 2200, Morris 2200 and Wolseley Six. 725: 879: 2041: 741: 582:
the Austin 2200, Morris 2200 and Wolseley Six. While 1800 versions of the Austin and Morris were continued, the Wolseley 18/85 was dropped.
444:. The manufacturer quietly replaced the "flexible, flat-section dipstick" which, it was said, had caused inattentive owners to overfill the 565: 1321: 1295: 2821: 2836: 1405: 1386: 1347: 2831: 1208: 971: 370:. Informally, because of the car's exceptional width and overall appearance, these cars became widely known under the nickname 541: 1255: 527:
In 1969, the sills and doors from the 1800 (with Mark II exterior handles) were used on the bodyshell of the otherwise new
410: 493: 27:"Austin 1800" and "Morris 1800" redirect here. For the successor to this model, initially carrying the same badges, see 2816: 730: 852:
The X6 Tasman and Kimberley models were given a model designation code of YDO13 with the Mark II models coded YDO19.
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In 1970, the Australian subsidiary of BL replaced the 1800 with the modified and facelifted "X6" models known as the
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in Australia) were exported to New Zealand, which also assembled UK-made Austin and Morris 1800s in separate plants.
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by some seven years. The car was evaluated by BMC, and Pininfarina developed a further smaller model based on the
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worked on its exterior. The car's technical internals were also unconventional and ahead of their time, including
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output boosted by 5 bhp to a claimed 86 bhp. The Mark II also had larger wheels.
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after inserting the dipstick back-to-front so that the word "Oil" could not be seen on it.
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The model proved a strong competitor in endurance rallying, finishing second in the 1968
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unveiled at the Turin Motor Show a concept car based on the Landcrab and designed by
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owing to its original unfashionable image, and more recently, its popularity in the
2701: 2696: 2691: 2686: 2651: 2537: 2532: 2482: 2415: 2174: 2119: 1768: 1698: 1600: 1565: 912: 334:, manufactured from September 1964 to 1975. The car was initially sold under the 2676: 2671: 2666: 2656: 2646: 2610: 2527: 2390: 2374: 2246: 2159: 2083: 2066: 2030: 1733: 1657: 1494: 1489: 908: 857: 818: 790: 528: 476: 426: 422: 398: 177: 162: 52: 2317: 2035: 1575: 1555: 1550: 1535: 1525: 916: 864: 630:
Morris 1800 Mark I (on right) and a later Mark III model; rear comparison view
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Morris 1800 Mark I (on left) and a later Mark III model; front comparison view
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The Austin 1800 was developed at BMC as a larger follow-up to the successful
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variant was also offered. The 1800 Utility was given the model code YDO10.
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was exceptionally stiff, with a torsional rigidity of 18,032 Nm/degree.
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The Australian-developed 2.2 E6 was also used in UK-built 2200 models
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and was known within the Austin Morris division as the Yellow Peril.
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scenes, owing to the bodyshell's exceptional strength and rigidity.
472:. The nickname stuck and became widespread in the press and public. 1406:"The Unofficial Austin Rover web resource – ADO17 development" 915:, called the BMC 1800 Aerodinamica. The sleek design previewed the 772: 764: 756: 724: 710: 709:
In early 1975, all three models were replaced by the wedge-shaped
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A version unique to Australia was the Austin 1800 Utility, a
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M Sedgwick & Gillies M, revised by J Pressnell (1997) .
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The ubiquitous doors even appeared on the further upmarket
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model, but the design was not taken up by the then merged
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The 2.2-litre straight-six engine used in the Australian
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under the ADO17 codename, ADO being an abbreviation for
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Larry O'Toole, The Good Old Aussie Ute, 2000, page 215
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Classic and Sports Car Magazine A-Z of Cars 1945–1970
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Building Cars in Australia, 2012, pages 216 & 217
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New Zealand-sold version with "BMC Freeway" badging
740:and achieving three of the top 20 positions in the 307: 289: 284: 276: 268: 260: 250: 245: 215: 210: 200: 188: 155: 143: 138: 126: 103: 95: 81: 67: 62: 41: 1248:"Famous British Cars Wore Different Badges Abroad" 2606:2000 / 2300 / 2400 / 3500 / V8-S / Vitesse (SD1) 1146: 1144: 1142: 959:Also known as: BMC 1800/2200, www.aronline.co.uk 897:1972 Australian Austin Kimberly Mk II - interior 1047: 1045: 717:name and the Wolseley marque was discontinued. 358:. Later, with a 2.2 L engine, also as the 1101: 1099: 1097: 1095: 1029: 1027: 1025: 475:The ADO17's doors were later also used on the 1984: 1437: 1023: 1021: 1019: 1017: 1015: 1013: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 974:(in Spanish). Car of the year. Archived from 8: 1151:"News and views: Austin 1800 in Australia". 1991: 1977: 1969: 1444: 1430: 1422: 1276:Building Cars in Australia, 2012, page 217 1164: 1162: 1069:"News and Views: Austin 1800 assessment". 954: 952: 950: 948: 729:The "BMC 1800" which placed second in the 326:(BMC) for a range of cars in the European 51: 38: 1237:Building Cars in Australia, 2012, page 78 1052:"News and Views: New trim for BMC 1800". 1155:. 125 (nbr 3697): 341. 23 December 1966. 1322:"Carrozzeria designs: Pininfarina 1100" 944: 875: 665: 584: 537: 489: 1073:. 127 (nbr 3730): 49. 10 August 1967. 885:1972 Australian Austin Kimberly Mk II 742:1970 London to Mexico World Cup Rally 7: 999:. Automobile Engineer. December 1964 1296:"Pininfarina BMC 1800 Aerodinamica" 1058:. 126 (nbr 3724): 58. 29 June 1967. 1254:. 21 December 2021. Archived from 25: 655:of 1968 and, at prototype stage, 1118:. Landcrab.net. 22 November 1965 1088:. 128 (nbr3768): 16. 2 May 1968. 890: 878: 826:Austin X6 Tasman & Kimberley 680: 668: 623: 611: 599: 587: 564: 552: 540: 504: 492: 805:(a name previously used for a 411:Wolseley 18/85 of 1938 to 1948 322:is the model code used by the 1: 636:Home-market 6-cylinder models 961:Retrieved on 9 November 2012 280:55.5 in (1,410 mm) 731:1968 London-Sydney Marathon 571:1969 Wolseley 18/85 Mark II 264:165 in (4,191 mm) 256:106 in (2,692 mm) 2858: 2822:Front-wheel-drive vehicles 2728:4-Litre Princess Limousine 1038:: 22–24. 14 February 1970. 829: 483:models, as well as on the 272:67 in (1,702 mm) 26: 2837:Cars discontinued in 1975 2792: 2596:3.5 Litre / 3½ Litre (P5) 2554:1700 / 1800 / 2000 / 2200 2011: 1460: 1453:British Motor Corporation 1034:"Spot check: BLMC 1800". 807:six-cylinder Farina model 769:Austin 1800 Mk II Utility 606:1972 Morris 1800 Mark III 324:British Motor Corporation 50: 2278:2.4, 3.4 & 3.8 Litre 1714:Morris Oxford Series III 1116:"Production Information" 815:Zetland, New South Wales 761:Austin 1800 Mk I Utility 547:1969 Austin 1800 Mark II 378:European Car of the Year 57:1970 Morris 1800 Mark II 2832:Cars introduced in 1964 2738:Princess 1100/1275/1300 2601:2000 / 2200 / 3500 (P6) 1709:Morris Oxford Series II 205:Austin Kimberley/Tasman 2000:British Motor Holdings 1348:"Pininfarina BMC 1000" 1209:"In pursuit of trivia" 840:and the more upmarket 778: 770: 762: 738:London-Sydney Marathon 733: 1170:"Austin 1800 Utility" 1084:"Mark II BMC 1800s". 903:BMC 1800 Aerodinamica 776: 768: 760: 728: 403:Austin Drawing Office 2733:Princess 4-litre "R" 2488:Morris Oxford Farina 1872:Princess 4-litre "R" 1719:Morris Oxford Farina 499:Austin 1800 (Mark I) 46:Wolseley 18/85 / Six 2518:1800 / 2200 (ADO71) 2513:1800 / 2200 (ADO17) 2334:Series II & III 2247:2.5 V8 & V8-250 2150:1800 / 2200 (ADO71) 2140:1800 / 2200 (ADO17) 1258:on 21 December 2021 559:Morris 1800 Mark II 376:The 1800 was voted 2817:Issigonis vehicles 1862:Princess Limousine 1663:TD & TF Midget 1381:. Bay View Books. 1354:. 10 February 2018 972:"Previous winners" 779: 771: 763: 734: 594:Austin 1800 Mk III 328:'D' market-segment 133:Sir Alec Issigonis 44:Morris 1800 / 2200 42:Austin 1800 / 2200 2799: 2798: 1966: 1965: 1412:on 19 March 2006. 1219:on 9 October 2012 1213:bluestreaksix.com 434:unitary bodyshell 317: 316: 16:(Redirected from 2849: 2391:Magnette Mark IV 2115:A110 Westminster 1993: 1986: 1979: 1970: 1867:Princess 3-litre 1704:Morris Oxford MO 1446: 1439: 1432: 1423: 1413: 1408:. Archived from 1392: 1364: 1363: 1361: 1359: 1344: 1338: 1337: 1335: 1333: 1318: 1312: 1311: 1309: 1307: 1292: 1286: 1283: 1277: 1274: 1268: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1244: 1238: 1235: 1229: 1228: 1226: 1224: 1215:. Archived from 1205: 1199: 1196: 1190: 1189: 1187: 1185: 1180:on 24 April 2011 1176:. 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1398:External links 1396: 1394: 1393: 1387: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1365: 1352:aronline.co.uk 1339: 1328:. 6 March 2017 1326:aronline.co.uk 1313: 1302:. 6 March 2017 1300:aronline.co.uk 1287: 1278: 1269: 1239: 1230: 1200: 1191: 1174:aronline.co.uk 1158: 1138: 1136:Sedgewick p231 1129: 1107: 1105:Sedgewick p144 1091: 1076: 1061: 1041: 1001: 989: 963: 943: 941: 938: 936: 933: 904: 901: 900: 899: 896: 889: 887: 884: 877: 830:Main article: 827: 824: 754: 751: 749: 746: 722: 719: 694: 691: 690: 689: 686: 679: 677: 674: 667: 653:Austin 3-Litre 637: 634: 633: 632: 629: 622: 620: 617: 610: 608: 605: 598: 596: 593: 586: 578: 575: 574: 573: 570: 563: 561: 558: 551: 549: 546: 539: 515: 512: 511: 510: 503: 501: 498: 491: 481:Austin 3-Litre 419:Alec Issigonis 390: 387: 385: 382: 356:Wolseley 18/85 338:marque as the 315: 314: 309: 305: 304: 302:Wolseley 16/60 291: 287: 286: 282: 281: 278: 274: 273: 270: 266: 265: 262: 258: 257: 254: 248: 247: 243: 242: 219: 213: 212: 208: 207: 202: 198: 197: 192: 186: 185: 159: 153: 152: 147: 141: 140: 136: 135: 130: 124: 123: 107:United Kingdom 105: 101: 100: 97: 93: 92: 89:Austin Windsor 87:Austin Freeway 83: 79: 78: 69: 65: 64: 60: 59: 56: 48: 47: 35: 29:Princess (car) 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2854: 2843: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2810: 2809: 2807: 2791: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2725: 2723: 2719: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2690: 2688: 2685: 2683: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2668: 2665: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2627: 2623: 2617: 2616:213 & 216 2614: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2593: 2591: 2587: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2567: 2565: 2561: 2555: 2552: 2551: 2549: 2545: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2504: 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1024: 1022: 1020: 1018: 1016: 1014: 1012: 1010: 1008: 1006: 1002: 998: 997:"Austin 1800" 993: 990: 977: 973: 967: 964: 960: 955: 953: 951: 949: 945: 939: 934: 932: 930: 929:Harry Webster 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 902: 893: 888: 881: 876: 874: 871: 868: 866: 861: 859: 853: 850: 847: 843: 839: 838:Austin Tasman 833: 825: 823: 820: 816: 810: 808: 804: 800: 794: 792: 788: 787:coupe utility 783: 775: 767: 759: 752: 747: 745: 743: 739: 732: 727: 720: 718: 716: 712: 707: 705: 704:banger racing 701: 692: 683: 678: 671: 666: 664: 662: 658: 654: 649: 647: 643: 642:Austin Tasman 635: 626: 621: 614: 609: 602: 597: 590: 585: 583: 576: 567: 562: 555: 550: 543: 538: 536: 532: 530: 525: 522: 513: 507: 502: 495: 490: 488: 486: 482: 478: 473: 471: 465: 461: 457: 453: 449: 447: 443: 437: 435: 431: 428: 424: 420: 414: 412: 408: 405:. 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Index

Austin 1800
Princess (car)

BMC
British Leyland
Newmarket
Auckland
Petone
Designer
Sir Alec Issigonis
Class
Large family car
Body style
saloon
coupe utility
Australia
cab chassis
Australia
Layout
FF layout
Austin Kimberley/Tasman
Engine
B-Series
pushrod
Straight-4
E-series
SOHC
straight-6
Wheelbase
Austin Cambridge

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