670:
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267:
251:
259:
244:
212:
90:
686:
65:
350:. It is a solitary nester on the ground in dense wetland vegetation on trampled reeds and other plants. Monitoring of this species mainly relies upon the ability to count males based on the conspicuous breeding calls of males. Detailed analyses showed that the best time to detect Australasian Bitterns was 1 hour before sunrise, in September (austral spring), on a moonlit night with no cloud or rain.
658:
31:
329:
The length is from 650 to 750 mm with adults being similar between the sexes while the male is significantly larger. The bird has a deep brown upper surface, mauled with buff on wing coverts; face and eyebrow buff, with dark brown stripe running from bill to erectile plumes at sides of neck.
787:
Williams, Emma M.; Armstrong, Doug P.; O'Donnell, Colin F. J. (2019). "Modelling variation in calling rates to develop a reliable monitoring method for the
Australasian Bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus".
399:
330:
Under surface buff, striped with brown. The face skin is a dull green as are the legs and feet, it possesses a dark brown bill, yellow eyes, and the base of the lower mandible is green-yellow.
843:
825:
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605:
394:
The principal cause of past and present decline is thought to be wetland drainage and degradation. In
Australia it is thought to be particularly sensitive to the destruction of
410:
for the recovery and future management of this species has not been prepared. On the 2007 advisory list of threatened vertebrate fauna in
Victoria, this species is listed as
573:
1142:
1181:
590:
303:. A secretive bird with a distinctive booming call, it is more often heard than seen. Australasian bitterns are endangered in both Australia and New Zealand.
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described the
Australasian bittern in 1827. It is one of four similarly plumaged species in the genus
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1103:
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989:
258:
243:
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54:
43:
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864:
805:
468:
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732:
211:
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429:, all of which are in Australia, as being important for Australasian bittern conservation:
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847:
829:
473:
453:
39:
714:
1271:
529:
395:
141:
863:. East Melbourne, Victoria: Department of Sustainability and Environment. p. 15.
378:. Populations in Australia and New Zealand have declined in the 20th century. It is a
1329:
1168:
723:
371:
74:
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101:
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30:
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861:
Advisory List of
Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria - 2007
859:
Victorian
Department of Sustainability and Environment (2007).
343:
400:
Environment
Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999
382:
and partly nocturnal species that inhabits densely vegetated
432:
892:
841:
823:
1282:
949:
738:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T22697353A217377735.en
774:Reader's digest complete book of Australian birds
358:It is found in south-western and south-eastern
891:. BirdLife International. 2012. Archived from
402:. It is listed as threatened on the Victorian
262:Bittern stalking prey in New Zealand wetlands.
8:
926:Australasian bitterns discussed on Radio NZ
937:
210:
63:
29:
20:
736:
691:Mounted bittern in the collection of the
705:
653:
601:Owingup Swamp and Boat Harbour Wetlands
299:", is a large bird in the heron family
751:
47:A History of the Birds of New Zealand
7:
1207:93bd0ed3-ada5-4931-88bf-d02e27b4e33a
398:. It is listed as endangered on the
338:It feeds on aquatic animals such as
922:"Booming Bitterns", 3 February 2016
724:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
606:Two Peoples Bay and Mount Manypeaks
525:Discovery Bay to Piccaninnie Ponds
14:
1336:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
776:, Reader's Digest Services, 1977
684:
668:
656:
88:
713:BirdLife International (2022).
254:Bittern swallowing a large eel.
444:Fivebough and Tuckerbil Swamps
270:Bittern wrestling with an eel.
1:
1351:Endangered fauna of Australia
758:: CS1 maint: date and year (
627:mount from the collection of
425:has identified the following
404:Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act
679:, New South Wales, Australia
574:Lakes Alexandrina and Albert
406:of 1988. Under this act, an
1372:
514:Edithvale-Seaford Wetlands
292:, and also nicknamed the "
731:: e.T22697353A217377735.
693:Whanganui Regional Museum
591:Lake Pleasant View System
218:
209:
190:
183:
85:Scientific classification
83:
61:
52:
37:
28:
23:
535:North Victorian Wetlands
354:Distribution and habitat
1356:Birds described in 1827
519:Eastern Treatment Plant
390:Status and conservation
1272:Botaurus-poiciloptilus
1021:botaurus-poiciloptilus
1008:Botaurus_poiciloptilus
995:Botaurus poiciloptilus
981:Botaurus poiciloptilus
951:Botaurus poiciloptilus
885:"Australasian Bittern"
717:Botaurus poiciloptilus
663:Painting by John Gould
646:
639:Botaurus poiciloptilus
631:
625:Botaurus poiciloptilus
423:BirdLife International
281:Botaurus poiciloptilus
271:
263:
255:
247:
224: Year-Round range
194:Botaurus poiciloptilus
1241:Paleobiology Database
637:
622:
284:), also known as the
269:
261:
253:
246:
176:B. poiciloptilus
24:Australasian bittern
1197:australasian-bittern
1060:australasian-bittern
889:Important Bird Areas
596:Muir-Unicup Wetlands
530:Lower Brodribb River
418:Important bird areas
276:Australasian bittern
928:Critter of the Week
313:Johann Georg Wagler
55:Conservation status
1284:Ardea poiciloptila
1055:BirdLife-Australia
918:Our Changing World
916:Radio New Zealand
846:2008-10-15 at the
828:2008-10-06 at the
647:
643:Edithvale Wetlands
632:
569:Lake Hawdon System
508:Bellarine Wetlands
272:
264:
256:
248:
236: Winter range
230: Summer range
1323:
1322:
1228:Open Tree of Life
943:Taxon identifiers
870:978-1-74208-039-0
802:10.1111/ibi.12611
616:
615:
580:Western Australia
512:Carrum Wetlands (
469:Macquarie Marshes
449:Griffith Wetlands
311:German zoologist
241:
240:
78:
1363:
1346:Birds of Oceania
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545:Tootgarook Swamp
459:Hastings-Macleay
433:
408:Action Statement
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1215:Observation.org
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848:Wayback Machine
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830:Wayback Machine
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629:Auckland Museum
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564:Gulf St Vincent
553:South Australia
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491:
474:Narran Wetlands
454:Gwydir Wetlands
438:New South Wales
420:
396:drought refugia
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356:
346:and freshwater
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57:
40:J. G. Keulemans
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16:Species of bird
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911:External links
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796:(2): 260–271.
779:
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675:In the grass,
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503:Barmah-Millewa
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464:Hunter Estuary
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142:Pelecaniformes
139:
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895:on 2007-07-10
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372:New Caledonia
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290:matuku hūrepo
287:
286:brown bittern
283:
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217:
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185:Binomial name
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45:
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32:
27:
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19:
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897:. Retrieved
893:the original
888:
879:
860:
854:
836:
818:
793:
789:
782:
773:
768:
754:cite journal
742:. Retrieved
728:
722:
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638:
624:
610:
586:Benger Swamp
490:
421:
407:
393:
357:
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328:
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289:
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219:Global range
193:
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175:
174:
162:
46:
18:
1130:iNaturalist
975:Wikispecies
744:10 December
645:, Australia
486:Egg Islands
368:New Zealand
348:crustaceans
325:Description
1330:Categories
1299:Q109578027
1267:Xeno-canto
932:4 Dec 2015
920:programme
899:2012-10-29
700:References
412:endangered
70:Vulnerable
810:1474-919X
360:Australia
334:Behaviour
170:Species:
108:Kingdom:
102:Eukaryota
1341:Botaurus
1293:Wikidata
1174:22697353
1148:10196482
1109:45517756
1047:22697353
1042:BirdLife
960:Wikidata
844:Archived
826:Archived
497:Victoria
480:Tasmania
384:wetlands
364:Tasmania
318:Botaurus
307:Taxonomy
301:Ardeidae
163:Botaurus
152:Ardeidae
148:Family:
122:Chordata
118:Phylum:
112:Animalia
98:Domain:
75:IUCN 3.1
44:Buller's
1313:4847083
1233:3596765
1187:2497796
1122:2480912
1096:ausbit1
1070:ausbit1
1029:Avibase
966:Q783076
650:Gallery
559:Coorong
380:cryptic
204:, 1827)
158:Genus:
138:Order:
128:Class:
73: (
1246:401756
1204:NZOR:
1194:NZBO:
1161:174858
1016:ARKive
867:
808:
677:Leeton
611:
540:Yambuk
295:bunyip
234:
228:
222:
202:Wagler
1254:SPRAT
1220:73499
1143:IRMNG
1091:eBird
1067:BOW:
623:Male
427:sites
376:Ouvea
340:frogs
1308:GBIF
1259:1001
1182:NCBI
1169:IUCN
1156:ITIS
1135:5032
1117:GBIF
1083:MMYL
865:ISBN
806:ISSN
790:Ibis
760:link
746:2022
729:2022
517:and
374:and
344:eels
297:bird
274:The
132:Aves
1104:EoL
1078:CoL
1003:AFD
990:ADW
798:doi
794:161
733:doi
288:or
42:in
38:By
1332::
1310::
1295::
1269::
1256::
1243::
1230::
1217::
1184::
1171::
1158::
1145::
1132::
1119::
1106::
1093::
1080::
1057::
1044::
1031::
1018::
1005::
992::
977::
962::
930:,
887:.
804:.
792:.
756:}}
752:{{
727:.
721:.
641:,
414:.
386:.
370:,
366:,
362:,
342:,
321:.
902:.
873:.
812:.
800::
762:)
748:.
735::
719:"
715:"
521:)
278:(
200:(
77:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
