646:
Committee was set up, consisting of the three service ministers normally chaired by
Chatfield. This together with the service chiefs would co-ordinate the strategic ideas of 'top hats' and 'brass' and agree strategic proposals to put forward to the war cabinet. Unfortunately, except when chaired by the Prime Minister, the Military Co-ordinating Committee lacked sufficient authority to override a Minister "fighting his corner". When Churchill took over from Chatfield, whilst continuing to represent the Admiralty, this introduced additional problems, and did little to improve the pre-existing ones. Chamberlain announced a further change in arrangements in the
62:
291:
283:
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The origins of an
Imperial War Cabinet date back to the beginning of Lloyd George's government, and the proper way of responding to peace offerings from Germany. The first mention of a conference in the war cabinet happened on 18 December 1916. In January invitations were sent out, and in the spring
626:
Dominated largely by
Conservative ministers who served under Chamberlain's National Government between 1937 and 1939, the additions of Lord Hankey (a former Cabinet Secretary from the First World War) and Winston Churchill (strong anti-appeaser) seemed to give the cabinet more balance. Unlike David
95:
proposed that the number of cabinet members never exceed 10 (he had 12 at the time). However, this didn't happen, and the number of ministries continued to grow: 15 in 1859, 21 in 1914, and 23 in 1916. Despite talk of "inner circles" within the
Asquith Administration, all committees reported to the
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which was established in
October 1940 included members of the opposition as well. This body did not have executive powers, but from the formation of the Labor Government in October 1941 it was agreed that its decisions would be treated as war cabinet decisions, with only some issues being formally
307:
to an equal footing with that of
Britain when coordinating war strategy. The Imperial War Cabinet met in three sessions: from March to May 1917, from June to August 1918, and from August to December 1918. The last session was improvised. It occurred due to Allied successes on the battlefield and a
704:
Churchill strongly believed that the war cabinet should be kept to a relatively small number of individuals to allow efficient execution of the war effort. Even so, there were a number of ministers who, though they were not members of the war cabinet, were "Constant
Attenders". As the war cabinet
645:
It was originally the practice for the Chiefs of Staff to attend all military discussions of the
Chamberlain war cabinet. Churchill became uneasy with this, as he felt that when they attended they did not confine their comments to purely military issues. To overcome this, a Military Co-ordination
117:
which portrayed the proposed change as a defeat for him. The political crisis grew from this point until
Asquith was forced to resign as Prime Minister; he was succeeded by Lloyd George who thereupon formed a small war cabinet. The original members of the war cabinet were:
772:
This war cabinet was consistent with
Churchill's view that members should also hold "responsible offices and not mere advisors at large with nothing to do but think and talk and take decisions by compromise or majority" The war cabinet often met within the
96:
23 cabinet ministers, whose priorities were diverse in nature, and who had final say over war policy formation for the first two years of World War I. This cumbersome arrangement could not stand; a more efficient way of prosecuting the war was needed.
1037:
857:(who had been British Minister Resident in the Mediterranean theatre for the second half of World War II), that the security and defence of the armed forces and the war effort should not be compromised for financial reasons.
195:
Unlike a normal peacetime cabinet, few of these men had departmental responsibilities – Bonar Law, and then Chamberlain, served as chancellors of the exchequer, but the rest had no specific portfolio. The title of,
500:
To strengthen ties between countries, the writing of an imperial constitution was a significant priority in 1917. However, the delegates postponed the matter until after the war, and they failed to take it up.
708:
The War Cabinet would undergo a number of changes in composition over the next five years. On 19 February 1942 a reconstructed war cabinet was announced by Churchill consisting of the following members:
1137:
In November 1939, the Department of Defence was split up. Street became Minister for the Army, Menzies also became Minister for Defence Coordination, and three more ministers joined the war cabinet:
220:. Whenever these specialties were needed by the war cabinet, they were summoned. The functioning of the war cabinet is best summed up by Lord Hutchison during a Parliamentary debate held on
1755:
1052:
in 1937, the Australian government had agreed to form a war cabinet on the outbreak of war. The full cabinet approved the formation of the war cabinet on 26 September 1939. As neither
111:. Asquith initially agreed (provided the committee reported to him and he retained the right to attend if he chose) before changing his mind after being infuriated by a news story in
246:
Previously, all cabinet members were paid based upon their cabinet status. With the creation of ministers without portfolio, it was suggested that these positions go unpaid. Indeed,
2448:
1769:
257:
The British war cabinet marked the first time minutes were recorded of official meetings. This innovation set the trend for all important corporate and governmental meetings since.
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127:
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War Cabinet meeting in Melbourne in 1943. Left to right: John Curtin, Sir Frederick Sheddon, Ben Chifley, 'Doc' Evatt, Norm Makin, and Arthur Drakeford
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650:, but this (and the Military Co-ordination Committee) was overtaken by events, the Churchill war cabinet being run on rather different principles.
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referred to the war cabinet for separate decision. As a result, the Advisory War Council had significant influence on Australia's war effort.
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Netanyahu disbanded the war cabinet on June 17, 2024, eight days after Gantz and Eisenkot resigned from the government and the war cabinet.
821:
738:
673:
616:
89:
34:
is a committee formed by a government in a time of war to efficiently and effectively conduct that war. It is usually a subset of the full
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of 1917 the Imperial War Cabinet was formed. Goals were also established to strengthen imperial federation by upgrading the status of the
2520:
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200:" was important. It allowed total devotion to war duties, without the distraction of civil cabinet responsibilities. Among others, the
1340:
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209:
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The number of cabinet ministries grew throughout the nineteenth century. Following dissatisfaction at the conduct of the Crimean War,
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within the war cabinet to coordinate war strategy. Its members included David Lloyd George, Lord Milner, Lord Curzon, Jan Smuts, and
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considered issues that pertained to a given branch of the service or government due input was obtained from the respective body.
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232:
1705:
250:, a millionaire, while a member without portfolio in Asquith's government, received no pay. The debate, which took place in the
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on 13 February 1917, was decided in the new government's favour. Appropriations of £5,000 a year (£350,000 in 2020) were made.
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was created so Lord Milner could meet with the Prime Minister before war cabinet sessions to continue the talks.
160:
Lloyd George, Curzon, and Bonar Law served throughout the existence of the war cabinet. Later members included:
85:
During the war, lengthy cabinet discussions came to be seen as a source of vacillation in Britain's war effort.
1459:
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331:
39:
1278:, served as secretary of the war cabinet, which met regularly throughout the war. It held its last meeting in
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The government was replaced by a Labor one on 3 October 1941. A new war cabinet was formed, consisting of:
2044:
Disconsolate Empires: French, British and Belgian Military Involvement in Post-Colonial Sub-Saharan Africa
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2386:. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 4 – Civil. Vol. I. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
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Doing the Best for the Country : Behind the scenes of Australia's wartime decision making 1939–45
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1286:
409:
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277:
268:, Lloyd George decided to discontinue the war cabinet. Its last meeting was held on 27 October 1919.
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2444:, Political Science Quarterly, New York: Academy of Political Science, Vol. 33, No. 3, Sept. 1918
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of ministers, although it is quite common for a war cabinet to have senior military officers and
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Lloyd George's war cabinet, the members of this one were also heads of government departments.
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1965:
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Despite its efficiency, on 8 June 1917 at Lord Milner's urging, it became necessary to form a
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1941:
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668:, Winston Churchill formed a war cabinet, initially consisting of the following members:
1920:
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634:, Hore-Belisha resigned from the National Government, refusing a move to the post of
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327:
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176:
100:
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While the Australian war cabinets included only members of the governing party, the
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desire of dominion partners to keep abreast of events. Its original members were:
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should delegate decision-making to a small, three-man committee chaired by the
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1317:. The membership was mostly, but not entirely, identical to that of the
1036:
713:
Prime Minister and Minister of Defence: Winston Churchill (Conservative)
208:, was never a member of the war cabinet, nor were the service ministers
2314:
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530:, an ultimatum was presented to the Germans and on its expiry war was
1176:
Robert Menzies (Prime Minister and Minister for Defence Coordination)
1049:
1554:
1537:
985:
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs – Jack Straw
260:
With World War I over, and the two main peace treaties signed with
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289:
281:
60:
2285:"Netanyahu, Gantz, reach agreement on emergency unity government"
1512:
Minister without portfolio and former Chief of the General Staff
679:
Lord President of the Council: Neville Chamberlain (Conservative)
2396:
Inside the War Cabinet: Directing Australia's War Effort 1939–45
622:
Minister without Portfolio: Maurice Hankey (National Government)
1651:"Edward Carson joins cabinet after reshuffle – Century Ireland"
369:(Assistant to the Secretary of State for India, United Kingdom)
2030:
Release of MT's private files for 1982 – the Falklands War (1)
997:
Secretary of State for International Development – Clare Short
1003:
Downing Street Director of Communications – Alastair Campbell
504:
Minutes to the Imperial War Cabinet meetings are held at the
806:
Secretary of State for Foreign & Commonwealth Affairs –
324:
David Lloyd George (British war cabinet and Prime Minister)
2329:"Benny Gantz and Gadi Eisenkot leave Israel's war cabinet"
918:
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs –
872:
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs –
1197:
Billy Hughes (Attorney-General and Minister for the Navy)
321:
Bonar Law (British war cabinet and future Prime Minister)
1313:
on the weekend of 15 September to shape what became the
216:(Navy). The latter did join, but only after leaving the
2504:
A summary of the (above) war cabinet report, CAB 23-5,
2359:
1217:(Prime Minister and Minister for Defence Coordination)
2257:"Netanyahu and Gantz form emergency unity government"
1164:
Following the deaths of Fairbairn and Gullett in the
99:
In December 1916 it was proposed that Prime Minister
65:
Prime Minister David Lloyd George's war cabinet, 1916
2352:
My Political Life, Vol. II, War and Peace, 1914–1929
988:
Secretary of State for Home Affairs – David Blunkett
849:
Thatcher chose not to include any representation of
1794:Roskill, Stephen, Hankey, Man of Secrets, Vol. II,
1263:(Minister for the Interior) (from 11 December 1941)
1068:would join in a coalition government with Menzies'
1606:
1251:(Minister for the Navy and Minister for Munitions)
1000:Chief of the Defence Staff – Admiral Michael Boyce
473:(Director of Military Operations, United Kingdom)
239:as Secretary of State for War in April 1918, the
82:. During World War I, it became a war committee.
943:Secretary of State for International Development
235:. Upon his transfer from the war cabinet to the
2501:, London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1918
1422:Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
1172:the war cabinet of October 1940 consisted of:
630:In January 1940, after disagreements with the
1732:Schuyler, Political Science Quarterly, p. 384
693:Foreign Secretary: Edward Wood (Conservative)
496:(Assistant Secretary from the United Kingdom)
479:(Assistant Secretary from the United Kingdom)
438:(Assistant Secretary from the United Kingdom)
8:
2458:9 December 1916, The Rise of the War Cabinet
2231:"The War Cabinet & Advisory War Council"
1984:, p. 75. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co. 1950.
1964:, p. 76. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co. 1950.
1676:"Defence Services. (Hansard, 14 March 1934)"
1206:(Minister for Munitions) (from 26 June 1941)
466:(Secretary of State for War, United Kingdom)
27:Government committee formed to conduct a war
991:Secretary of State for Defence – Geoff Hoon
2432:Hankey, Man of Secrets, Vol. II, 1919–1931
2311:"Netanyahu disbands his inner war cabinet"
1925:Finest Hour, Winston S Churchill 1939–1941
1072:, the war cabinet initially consisted of:
994:Chancellor of the Exchequer – Gordon Brown
615:Minister for the Coordination of Defence:
2423:Hankey, Man of Secrets, Vol. I, 1877–1918
1927:, Book Club Associates, London 1983 p. 40
1553:
1454:On October 11, 2023, four days after the
958:Downing Street Director of Communications
664:When he became Prime Minister during the
721:Secretary of State for Dominions Affairs
2383:The Government and the People 1939–1941
2237:. John Curtin Prime Ministerial Library
2204:
2192:
2180:
2144:
1528:
853:on the advice of former Prime Minister
286:The Imperial War Cabinet on 22 Mar 1917
2361:sign in to view references and sources
2216:
2168:
2156:
2132:
2120:
982:Deputy Prime Minister – John Prescott
924:Secretary of State for Home Affairs –
312:Arthur Henderson (British war cabinet)
1377:Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
951:Chief of the Defence Staff – Admiral
556:Prime Minister: Neville Chamberlain (
294:The Imperial War Cabinet in June 1918
7:
1908:"CAB 23 First World War conclusions"
822:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
548:On 3 September 1939, Prime Minister
1309:created a war cabinet. They met at
394:Secretary of State for the Colonies
318:George Curzon (British war cabinet)
315:Alfred Milner (British war cabinet)
1200:Harry Foll (Minister for Interior)
676:: Winston Churchill (Conservative)
523:and after to-ing and fro-ing with
349:Minister for Defence, South Africa
25:
2309:Mackenzie, James (17 June 2024).
1782:UK National Archives, CAB 23-12,
1542:American Political Science Review
1476:Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu
1006:Leader of the House of Commons –
966:Leader of the House of Commons –
930:Secretary of State for Defence –
878:Secretary of State for Defence –
412:(Overseas War Minister of Canada)
2463:Encyclopædia Britannica online,
1806:UK National Archives, CAB 23-1,
1469:with the following composition.
1368:Director of Central Intelligence
1170:1940 Australian federal election
2485:, London: Hamish Hamilton, 1976
1771:World War I war cabinet minutes
737:Lord President of the Council:
636:President of the Board of Trade
404:Finance Minister of New Zealand
2531:Politics of the United Kingdom
1718:Hankey: Man of Secrets, Vol. I
1319:U.S. National Security Council
936:Chancellor of the Exchequer –
884:Chancellor of the Exchequer –
813:Secretary of State for Defence
728:Leader of the House of Commons
1:
2370:British Government, 1914–1963
2032:Margaret Thatcher Foundation.
1505:Minister of Strategic Affairs
1465:announced the formation of a
1237:Minister for External Affairs
1168:and the loss of seats in the
890:Chief of the Defence Staff –
608:First Lord of the Admiralty:
573:Chancellor of the Exchequer:
534:at 11am on 3 September 1939.
342:Prime Minister of New Zealand
150:(December 1916 – August 1917)
132:Lord President of the Council
80:Committee of Imperial Defence
2400:St Leonards, New South Wales
1538:"British War Administration"
796:Deputy Prime Minister &
696:Minister without Portfolio:
591:Secretary of State for War:
374:Secretary of State for India
156:(December 1916 – April 1918)
2048:University Press of America
1884:"Imperial War Cabinet 1918"
1860:"Imperial War Cabinet 1918"
1836:"Imperial War Cabinet 1917"
1413:White House Press Secretary
979:Prime Minister – Tony Blair
552:announced his war cabinet.
454:First Lord of the Admiralty
185:(April 1918 – October 1919)
142:Chancellor of the Exchequer
2547:
2521:People associated with war
2355:, London: Hutchinson, 1953
2289:www.israelnationalnews.com
2229:Campbell, Heather (2004).
2101:www.theguardian.com/europe
2097:"Tony Blair's war cabinet"
2076:www.theguardian.com/europe
1492:Chief of the General Staff
1488:Minister without portfolio
1456:Hamas-led attack on Israel
1440:White House Chief of Staff
1404:Counselor to the President
1328:President – George W. Bush
831:Chief of the Defence Staff
657:
599:Secretary of State for Air
541:
489:, from the United Kingdom)
363:(King of (Northern) India)
357:(Representative of Bengal)
275:
198:minister without portfolio
179:(July 1917 – January 1918)
167:(June 1917 – January 1919)
105:Secretary of State for War
54:
2482:Milner: Apostle of Empire
2072:"Blair forms war cabinet"
1702:Milner: Apostle of Empire
1395:Secretary of the Treasury
1350:National Security Advisor
912:Deputy Prime Minister –
723:: Clement Attlee (Labour)
173:(May 1917 – January 1919)
2498:Report for the Year 1917
1431:Deputy Defense Secretary
1121:Minister for Information
544:Chamberlain war ministry
538:Chamberlain war ministry
420:Minister of Public Works
332:Prime Minister of Canada
191:(January – October 1919)
42:politicians as members.
2474:UK inflation calculator
2441:The British War Cabinet
2435:, London: Collins, 1972
2426:, London: Collins, 1970
2373:, London: Methuen, 1964
2006:"The Cabinet War Rooms"
1594:The British War Cabinet
1324:The cabinet comprised:
1223:(Minister for the Army)
1194:(Minister for the Army)
1150:(Minister for the Navy)
1046:the Imperial Conference
1017:Eliza Manningham-Buller
901:Invasion of Afghanistan
525:French Foreign Minister
506:National Archives (Kew)
2447:UK National Archives,
2042:Rouvez, Alain (1994).
1768:UK National Archives,
1235:(Attorney-General and
1070:United Australia Party
1066:Australian Labor Party
1041:
851:Her Majesty's Treasury
777:, particularly during
752:Minister of Production
660:Churchill war ministry
654:Churchill war ministry
638:. He was succeeded by
456:(civilian head of the
295:
287:
78:, the British had the
66:
18:Australian War Cabinet
2526:Politics of Australia
2438:Schuyler, Robert L.,
1276:Department of Defence
1245:(Minister for Supply)
1166:Canberra air disaster
1158:Minister for Interior
1111:Minister for Commerce
1093:(Minister for Supply)
1039:
717:Deputy Prime Minister
672:Prime Minister &
619:(National Government)
516:On 1 September 1939,
293:
285:
248:Henry Petty-Lansdowne
64:
57:Lloyd George ministry
1300:September 11 attacks
1287:Advisory War Council
1282:on 19 January 1946.
1101:Minister for Defence
726:Lord Privy Seal and
430:Minister of the Navy
384:Minister of Blockade
372:Austen Chamberlain (
361:Maharajah of Bikanir
278:Imperial War Cabinet
272:Imperial War Cabinet
229:War Policy Committee
2506:pp. 280, 326 of 475
2450:War Cabinet Minutes
2002:Imperial War Museum
1980:Winston Churchill,
1936:Winston Churchill,
1480:Minister of Defence
1298:In response to the
1272:Permanent Secretary
744:Foreign Secretary:
674:Minister of Defence
593:Leslie Hore-Belisha
584:Foreign Secretary:
550:Neville Chamberlain
70:British war cabinet
2429:Roskill, Stephen,
2420:Roskill, Stephen,
2207:, pp. 421–422
2147:, pp. 112–113
1960:Winston Churchill,
1716:Roskill, Stephen,
1636:British Government
1463:Benjamin Netanyahu
1359:Secretary of State
1257:(Minister for Air)
1188:(Minister for Air)
1144:(Minister for Air)
1042:
892:Marshal of the RAF
762:Minister of Labour
595:(National Liberal)
460:), United Kingdom)
296:
288:
183:Austen Chamberlain
123:David Lloyd George
109:David Lloyd George
67:
2495:The War Cabinet,
2471:CPI Index online
2466:English Democracy
2265:. 11 October 2023
2057:978-0-8191-9643-9
1982:The Hinge of Fate
1962:The Hinge of Fate
1940:, p. 78. Boston,
1938:The Hinge of Fate
1820:My Political Life
1536:J. A. F. (1917).
1500:and 2 observers:
1341:Defense Secretary
1268:Frederick Shedden
1148:Frederick Stewart
962:Alastair Campbell
906:Prime Minister –
866:Prime Minister –
792:Margaret Thatcher
790:Prime Minister –
775:Cabinet War Rooms
682:Lord Privy Seal:
610:Winston Churchill
471:Frederick Maurice
449:, United Kingdom)
396:, United Kingdom)
386:, United Kingdom)
376:, United Kingdom)
202:Foreign Secretary
93:Benjamin Disraeli
36:executive cabinet
16:(Redirected from
2538:
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2367:Le May, G.H.L.,
2349:Amery, Leopold,
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1678:. Archived from
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1533:
1472:3 full members:
1386:Attorney General
1354:Condoleezza Rice
1315:War on Terrorism
1255:Arthur Drakeford
1131:Attorney-General
1026:Richard Dearlove
861:Persian Gulf War
855:Harold Macmillan
840:Attorney General
756:Oliver Lyttelton
698:Arthur Greenwood
666:Second World War
579:National Liberal
512:Second World War
252:House of Commons
148:Arthur Henderson
21:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2535:
2511:
2510:
2492:
2490:Further reading
2479:Marlowe, John,
2414:
2404:Allen and Unwin
2390:
2376:
2346:
2341:
2340:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2293:
2291:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2268:
2266:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2228:
2227:
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2215:
2211:
2203:
2199:
2191:
2187:
2179:
2175:
2167:
2163:
2155:
2151:
2143:
2139:
2131:
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2119:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2080:
2078:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2058:
2050:. p. 196.
2041:
2040:
2036:
2028:
2024:
2014:
2012:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1979:
1975:
1959:
1955:
1935:
1931:
1919:
1915:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1891:
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1882:
1881:
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1867:
1865:
1862:
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1857:
1853:
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1838:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1817:
1813:
1805:
1801:
1793:
1789:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1763:
1757:9 December 1916
1754:UK Govt. blog,
1753:
1749:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1715:
1711:
1700:Marlowe, John,
1699:
1695:
1685:
1683:
1682:on 12 June 2021
1674:
1673:
1669:
1659:
1657:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1617:
1615:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1591:
1587:
1555:10.2307/1946861
1535:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1452:
1345:Donald Rumsfeld
1296:
1142:James Fairbairn
1097:Geoffrey Street
1034:
1022:Director of MI6
1013:Director of MI5
976:
903:
863:
826:Cecil Parkinson
802:Willie Whitelaw
787:
732:Stafford Cripps
662:
656:
632:Chiefs of Staff
617:Ernle Chatfield
564:Lord Privy Seal
546:
540:
514:
487:Colonial Office
452:Edward Carson (
280:
274:
266:Austria-Hungary
76:First World War
72:
59:
53:
51:First World War
48:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2544:
2542:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2513:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2502:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2477:
2469:
2461:
2455:UK Govt Blog,
2453:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2412:
2388:
2374:
2365:
2356:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2335:. 9 June 2024.
2320:
2301:
2276:
2248:
2221:
2209:
2197:
2185:
2173:
2161:
2159:, pp. 2–3
2149:
2137:
2125:
2113:
2088:
2063:
2056:
2034:
2022:
1993:
1973:
1953:
1929:
1921:Martin Gilbert
1913:
1899:
1875:
1851:
1827:
1811:
1799:
1787:
1775:
1761:
1747:
1734:
1725:
1709:
1693:
1667:
1642:
1639:. p. 233.
1633:LeMay (1964).
1625:
1613:thetimes.co.uk
1608:"Lloyd George"
1598:
1585:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1498:
1497:
1485:
1477:
1460:Prime Minister
1451:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1437:
1435:Paul Wolfowitz
1428:
1426:Robert Mueller
1419:
1410:
1401:
1392:
1383:
1374:
1365:
1356:
1347:
1338:
1332:Vice President
1329:
1307:George W. Bush
1295:
1292:
1265:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1240:
1230:
1224:
1218:
1208:
1207:
1204:Philip McBride
1201:
1198:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1162:
1161:
1151:
1145:
1135:
1134:
1124:
1114:
1104:
1094:
1088:
1081:Prime Minister
1077:Robert Menzies
1033:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
975:
972:
971:
970:
964:
955:
949:
940:
934:
928:
926:David Blunkett
922:
916:
910:
902:
899:
898:
897:
888:
882:
876:
870:
862:
859:
847:
846:
844:Michael Havers
837:
828:
819:
810:
804:
798:Home Secretary
794:
786:
783:
770:
769:
759:
758:(Conservative)
749:
748:(Conservative)
742:
735:
724:
714:
702:
701:
694:
691:
684:Clement Attlee
680:
677:
658:Main article:
655:
652:
640:Oliver Stanley
624:
623:
620:
613:
612:(Conservative)
606:
605:(Conservative)
596:
589:
588:(Conservative)
582:
571:
570:(Conservative)
561:
542:Main article:
539:
536:
528:Georges Bonnet
521:invaded Poland
513:
510:
498:
497:
494:Lancelot Storr
490:
480:
477:Maurice Hankey
474:
467:
464:Edward Stanley
461:
450:
447:First Sea Lord
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276:Main article:
273:
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233:Maurice Hankey
210:Edward Stanley
206:Arthur Balfour
193:
192:
186:
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174:
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158:
157:
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145:
135:
125:
90:Prime Minister
71:
68:
55:Main article:
52:
49:
47:
46:United Kingdom
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2437:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2413:1-86373-968-8
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2392:Horner, David
2389:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2378:Hasluck, Paul
2375:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2358:Archive.org (
2357:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2347:
2343:
2334:
2333:The Economist
2330:
2324:
2321:
2316:
2312:
2305:
2302:
2290:
2286:
2280:
2277:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2236:
2232:
2225:
2222:
2219:, p. 197
2218:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2198:
2195:, p. 577
2194:
2189:
2186:
2183:, p. 574
2182:
2177:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2117:
2114:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2077:
2073:
2067:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1990:0-395-41058-4
1987:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1970:0-395-41058-4
1967:
1963:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1950:0-395-41058-4
1947:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1885:
1879:
1876:
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1855:
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1581:
1577:
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1561:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1543:
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1532:
1529:
1522:
1520:
1515:
1514:Gadi Eisenkot
1511:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
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1470:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1417:Ari Fleischer
1414:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1390:John Ashcroft
1387:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1351:
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1337:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1294:United States
1293:
1291:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
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1241:
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1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1192:Percy Spender
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1180:Arthur Fadden
1178:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1117:Henry Gullett
1115:
1112:
1108:
1107:George McLeay
1105:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1091:Richard Casey
1089:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1058:Country Party
1055:
1051:
1047:
1038:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1005:
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993:
990:
987:
984:
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977:
973:
969:
965:
963:
959:
956:
954:
953:Michael Boyce
950:
948:
944:
941:
939:
935:
933:
929:
927:
923:
921:
917:
915:
914:John Prescott
911:
909:
905:
904:
900:
896:
893:
889:
887:
886:Norman Lamont
883:
881:
877:
875:
871:
869:
865:
864:
860:
858:
856:
852:
845:
841:
838:
836:
835:Terence Lewin
832:
829:
827:
823:
820:
818:
814:
811:
809:
805:
803:
799:
795:
793:
789:
788:
785:Falklands War
784:
782:
780:
776:
767:
763:
760:
757:
753:
750:
747:
743:
740:
739:John Anderson
736:
733:
729:
725:
722:
718:
715:
712:
711:
710:
706:
699:
695:
692:
689:
685:
681:
678:
675:
671:
670:
669:
667:
661:
653:
651:
649:
648:Norway Debate
643:
641:
637:
633:
628:
621:
618:
614:
611:
607:
604:
603:Kingsley Wood
600:
597:
594:
590:
587:
583:
580:
576:
572:
569:
565:
562:
559:
555:
554:
553:
551:
545:
537:
535:
533:
529:
526:
522:
519:
511:
509:
507:
502:
495:
491:
488:
484:
483:Henry Lambert
481:
478:
475:
472:
468:
465:
462:
459:
455:
451:
448:
444:
443:John Jellicoe
440:
437:
436:Leopold Amery
434:
431:
427:
424:
421:
417:
416:Robert Rogers
414:
411:
410:George Perley
408:
405:
401:
398:
395:
391:
388:
385:
381:
378:
375:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
346:
343:
339:
336:
333:
329:
328:Robert Borden
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
310:
309:
306:
302:
292:
284:
279:
271:
269:
267:
263:
258:
255:
253:
249:
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
222:14 March 1934
219:
215:
214:Edward Carson
211:
207:
203:
199:
190:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:Edward Carson
175:
172:
171:George Barnes
169:
166:
163:
162:
161:
155:
154:Alfred Milner
152:
149:
146:
143:
139:
136:
133:
129:
128:George Curzon
126:
124:
121:
120:
119:
116:
115:
110:
106:
102:
101:H. H. Asquith
97:
94:
91:
86:
83:
81:
77:
74:Prior to the
69:
63:
58:
50:
45:
43:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2497:
2481:
2473:
2465:
2457:
2449:
2440:
2431:
2422:
2395:
2382:
2369:
2360:
2351:
2323:
2304:
2292:. Retrieved
2288:
2279:
2267:. Retrieved
2260:
2251:
2239:. Retrieved
2234:
2224:
2212:
2205:Hasluck 1952
2200:
2193:Hasluck 1952
2188:
2181:Hasluck 1952
2176:
2164:
2152:
2145:Hasluck 1952
2140:
2128:
2116:
2104:. Retrieved
2100:
2091:
2079:. Retrieved
2075:
2066:
2043:
2037:
2025:
2013:. Retrieved
2009:
1996:
1981:
1976:
1961:
1956:
1937:
1932:
1924:
1916:
1902:
1890:. Retrieved
1878:
1866:. Retrieved
1854:
1842:. Retrieved
1830:
1819:
1814:
1802:
1790:
1784:p. 91 of 10'
1778:
1770:
1764:
1756:
1750:
1742:
1737:
1728:
1717:
1712:
1701:
1696:
1684:. Retrieved
1680:the original
1670:
1658:. Retrieved
1654:
1645:
1635:
1628:
1616:. Retrieved
1612:
1601:
1593:
1588:
1545:
1541:
1531:
1518:
1499:
1483:Yoav Gallant
1471:
1453:
1408:Karen Hughes
1399:Paul O'Neill
1381:Hugh Shelton
1372:George Tenet
1363:Colin Powell
1323:
1297:
1284:
1266:
1249:Norman Makin
1243:Jack Beasley
1209:
1163:
1136:
1127:Billy Hughes
1043:
938:Gordon Brown
874:Douglas Hurd
848:
771:
766:Ernest Bevin
746:Anthony Eden
707:
703:
663:
644:
629:
625:
568:Samuel Hoare
558:Conservative
547:
515:
503:
499:
380:Robert Cecil
367:James Meston
297:
259:
256:
245:
226:
221:
194:
159:
112:
98:
87:
84:
73:
31:
29:
2217:Horner 1996
2171:, p. 4
2169:Horner 1996
2157:Horner 1996
2135:, p. 3
2133:Horner 1996
2123:, p. 2
2121:Horner 1996
1892:12 November
1868:12 November
1844:12 November
1686:26 November
1495:Benny Gantz
1490:and former
1467:war cabinet
1444:Andrew Card
1336:Dick Cheney
1261:John Dedman
1233:H. V. Evatt
1229:(Treasurer)
1227:Ben Chifley
1221:Frank Forde
1215:John Curtin
1186:John McEwen
1182:(Treasurer)
1062:John Curtin
947:Clare Short
895:David Craig
808:Francis Pym
781:of London.
586:Edward Wood
400:Joseph Ward
390:Walter Long
347:Jan Smuts (
338:W.F. Massey
241:X Committee
212:(Army) and
189:Eric Geddes
32:war cabinet
2515:Categories
2294:11 October
2269:11 October
2010:iwm.org.uk
1822:, Vol II,
1660:23 October
1592:Schuyler,
1548:(4): 745.
1508:Ron Dermer
1311:Camp David
1154:Harry Foll
1054:Earle Page
968:Robin Cook
932:Geoff Hoon
920:Jack Straw
908:Tony Blair
868:John Major
833:– Admiral
741:(National)
575:John Simon
458:Royal Navy
426:J.D. Hazen
355:S.P. Sinha
237:War Office
40:opposition
2241:9 January
2081:8 October
1743:CPI index
1580:251094540
1564:0003-0554
1523:Citations
1304:President
1085:Treasurer
1032:Australia
1008:John Reid
817:John Nott
779:The Blitz
432:, Canada)
422:, Canada)
301:Dominions
218:Admiralty
165:Jan Smuts
138:Bonar Law
114:The Times
2394:(1996).
2380:(1952).
2106:20 March
2015:10 March
1596:, p. 380
1280:Canberra
974:Iraq War
880:Tom King
768:(Labour)
734:(Labour)
700:(Labour)
532:declared
469:General
441:Admiral
2344:Sources
2315:Reuters
2262:i24news
1818:Amery,
1618:9 March
1572:1946861
1274:of the
518:Germany
262:Germany
2410:
2054:
1988:
1968:
1948:
1944:1950.
1796:p. 127
1722:p. 399
1706:p. 279
1578:
1570:
1562:
1450:Israel
1270:, the
1050:London
688:Labour
492:Major
1887:(PDF)
1863:(PDF)
1839:(PDF)
1824:p. 91
1576:S2CID
1568:JSTOR
305:India
2408:ISBN
2296:2023
2271:2023
2243:2018
2108:2003
2083:2001
2052:ISBN
2017:2013
1986:ISBN
1966:ISBN
1946:ISBN
1894:2023
1870:2023
1846:2023
1688:2020
1662:2017
1620:2023
1560:ISSN
1083:and
1060:nor
719:and
303:and
264:and
1655:RTE
1550:doi
1064:'s
1056:'s
1048:in
1044:At
2517::
2406:.
2402::
2398:.
2331:.
2313:.
2287:.
2259:.
2233:.
2099:.
2074:.
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