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centre seats, and consisted of a "black box", which interpreted signals received from the running rails. These were picked up by sensing coils mounted on the leading bogie. One rail supplied safety information, which was received continuously. Any failure to obtain this data resulted in a trip-valve operating, which stopped the train. The second rail supplied signal commands, which included speed signals and instructions to start and stop the train. This information was only provided when it was needed. The driver was renamed a train operator, and was responsible for opening and closing the doors at stations, and initiating a start from the stations, by pressing two buttons simultaneously. All other operation, including stopping at signals and restarting when safe to proceed was automatic. The automatic control equipment was temporarily mounted in the passenger saloon, between the cab and the first set of doors, to enable engineers to monitor and adjust it as experience was gained.
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since 1968. The side doors to the driver's cab were sealed, so that access was normally through the passenger saloon. Since the trains were to be operated by one person, the door controls were moved from the rear end of the motor car into the cab. The train control equipment was fitted beneath the
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level 2, currently used on ATO-equipped lines). Even then, they will still have "train captains" on board in case of emergency (i.e. Grade of
Automation level 3, as used by the DLR), due to driver union opposition of fully automated, unattended trains (i.e. Grade of Automation level 4, as used by
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Boris
Johnson promised in 2012 that there would be driverless Tube trains within 10 years. During his campaign to be re-elected as London Mayor, he said "TfL (Transport for London) will rapidly establish a timetable for introducing the first driverless trains to become operational on the London
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has written that, as Tube lines were not built with escape routes for passengers, in an emergency the passengers must be led away from the train by staff; he argues that this means there must still be a "train captain" on board, negating some of the benefits of driverless
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has been partially implemented since the introduction of automatic train operation on the
Hainault to Woodford section of the Central line in 1964. It is currently in use on eight lines.
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These trials matured into 'attended ATO'. London's
Victoria line was the first into revenue service on 1 September 1968, with Philadelphia's Lindenwold line close behind in January 1969.
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The New Tube for London programme will include driverless tube trains. However these will initially have a driver on board until old stock has been fully replaced (i.e.
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There has been criticism from unions over safety and cost, as well as the accompanying reductions in staffing levels.
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It is more difficult to introduce driverless trains on existing lines (as opposed to new lines such as the
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that states a
Knowledge (XXG) editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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Trains would not have to have a driver's compartment, reducing weight and the cost of building trains
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The then deputy cabinet member for sports, leisure and customer services at
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155:(DLR), has operated with driverless trains since its opening in 1987.
369:(Press release). London: Crossrail. 24 October 2012. Archived from
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411:"Boris Johnson promises driverless Tube trains within 10 years"
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447:"Driverless trains would break the militant unions forever"
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
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Underground network within a decade". That was cheered by
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A history of driverless trains on the London
Underground
367:"Crossrail starts tender process for signalling system"
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429:"Petition for driverless Tube trains gaining support"
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Partially-automated trains are used on eight lines: (
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466:"Could Paris Metro inspire driverless Tube trains?"
95:(ATO) have been used on passenger services on the
487:"The Case for Driverless Trains, By the Numbers"
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524:"Driverless Trains: Past, Present and Future"
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283:List of automated urban metro subway systems
393:"Docklands Light Railway Capacity Upgrade"
151:London's second rapid-transit system, the
64:Learn how and when to remove this message
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506:"London Underground Driverless Trains"
218:It would enable easier running of the
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204:This would remove the possibility of
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313:"Driverless metros poised to expand"
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91:Partially automated trains using
464:Edwards, Tom (11 January 2013).
81:London Underground rolling stock
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321:. 1 March 2000. Archived from
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347:Kessell, Clive (8 May 2015).
318:Railway Gazette International
254:New Tube for London programme
349:"LU Northern line goes CBTC"
549:"Boris driverless nonsense"
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590:Automated guideway transit
504:Crow, Bob (22 July 2013).
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453:. London. 23 August 2015.
293:Automatic Train Operation
93:automatic train operation
188:Westminster City Council
153:Docklands Light Railway
194:Benefits and drawbacks
44:by rewriting it in an
134:Hammersmith and City
528:www.hitachirail.com
266:Grade of Automation
260:New Tube for London
87:Historical projects
585:London Underground
555:. 14 January 2011.
397:Railway Technology
373:on 24 October 2012
325:on 23 October 2012
288:London Underground
269:some lines of the
206:strikes by drivers
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271:Paris Métro
177:Jenny Jones
54:August 2015
579:Categories
329:25 October
299:References
220:Night Tube
142:Thameslink
491:Bloomberg
230:Criticism
146:Crossrail
470:BBC News
433:ITV News
415:BBC News
277:See also
165:Lib Dems
126:District
122:Northern
110:Victoria
451:City AM
249:trains.
167:), but
118:Central
114:Jubilee
40:Please
399:. n.d.
181:Greens
173:Labour
130:Circle
213:Paris
535:2023
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331:2007
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211:In
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