Knowledge (XXG)

Avro Lancaster PA278 disappearance

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It was a six-hour flight back to England and normally a maximum of 22 soldiers would be transported home as the internal confines of a Lancaster were not really suitable for passengers. Often the return trip to Italy saw aircraft transporting essential members of services out to Italy.
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William Kennedy sat in his sling seat in the "Mid-Upper" gun turret, but no heating or parachutes were available for them and there was no oxygen supply for passengers so the aircraft flew at 2,000 ft (610 m).
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Nothing further was heard of PA278 or her crew and passengers and no wreckage was sighted during the air-sea rescue operations. On the outward flight every aircraft reported poor weather in the vicinity of
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a widely repeated story is that the news was not released to the press until March 1946, although this is incorrect as on 17 November 1945 it was being reported widely in local newspapers in the UK.
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between June 1944 and September 1945. On completion it was assigned to 103 Sqn of Bomber Command and flew operationally on a number of bombing attacks in March and April 1945.
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under Staff Serjeant Jessie Ellen Semark, Senior Matron Gertrude Irene Sadler of the South African Military Nursing Service and Nursing Sister Jane Simpson Annand Curran, of
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during April 1945, although obviously their bomb aimer was not required and on this occasion the rear gun turret was manned by the squadron gunnery leader
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and return with their passengers the following day or the day after that. Most of the trips were uneventful although squadron records do show that
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On 3 October 1945 the weather was poor and low cloud base precluded flying for much of the day. Eight Lancasters of 103 Sqn were available for
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Richard Steel (flight engineer), leading the second transport aircraft into the air. It carried its crew of six and was scheduled to fly to
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Jack Reardon (navigator) gave the correct course out over the sea but sometime afterwards, approximately 30 miles north-north-west of
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RAF Squadrons, a Comprehensive record of the Movement and Equipment of all RAF Squadrons and their Antecedents since 1912
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PA278 was flown by Geoffrey Taylor's experienced crew who had flown together on some of the last bombing attacks of
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Combat Codes: A full explanation and listing of British, Commonwealth and Allied air force unit codes since 1938
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Norman Robbins (wireless operator) radioed the other aircraft reporting some engine problems and advising that
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starting at 23:30 hours GMT. Two aircraft returned with engine trouble, one crew borrowed an aircraft from
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Squadron histories for nos. 101-105 sqn on RafWeb's Air of Authority - A History of RAF Organisation
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were flown home from Italy and the Central Mediterranean. An embarkation centre was established at
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and took off again at 01:30 hours GMT. Two aircraft, including PA278 "F for Freddie", landed at
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The passengers sat in canvas folding seats down the length of the fuselage beneath where
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Due to the large number of female service personnel lost in the disappearance of PA278
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From 3 August 1945, 103 Sqn was one of the heavy bombers squadrons participating in
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List of fatal accidents and incidents involving Royal Air Force aircraft from 1945
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due to engine failure, on 19 August 1945 and 5 September 1945 respectively.
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several days each week, the aircraft and crews would stop overnight in
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Coastal, Support and Special Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft
2117:. London: Macdonald and Jane's (Publishers) Ltd., 2nd edition 1976. 2012:
Mason, Francis K. "The Avro Lancaster". London: Air Britain., 1989.
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The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth 1918-1988
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Halley, James J. "Lancaster File". London: Air Britain., 1985.
2072:. Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd., 2003. 2087:. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air Britain (Historians) Ltd., 1988. 299:
103 Sqn usually despatched between six and ten aircraft for
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Accidents and incidents involving Royal Air Force aircraft
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National Archives, London. AIR 27/817/11 - 103 Squadron
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Cummings, Colin. "The Price of Peace". Nimbus., 2004.
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National Archives, London. AIR 27/817/8 - 103 Squadron
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Accidents and incidents involving the Avro Lancaster
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to embark passengers who were commencing service in
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PA278 was one of a batch of 265 Lancasters built by
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Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service
189: 181: 173: 165: 157: 147: 133: 123: 113: 103: 93: 88: 80: 66: 58: 43: 38: 1590:"Accident Avro Lancaster Mk I PA278, 04 Oct 1945" 2135:. London: Jane's Publishing Company Ltd., 1982. 2128:Public Record Office AIR 27 103 Squadron files. 468:but noted a flash of flame at 04:40 hours GMT. 2115:Bomber Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft 2027:. Cambridge, UK: Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1979. 1827:(Supplement). 11 September 1944. p. 3959. 397:at 00:30 hours GMT on 4 October 1945 flown by 2180: 2023:Bowyer, Michael J.F. and John D.R. Rawlings. 464:. The partner aircraft continued onwards for 382:John Wymark, who had been decorated with the 8: 1694:(Supplement). 10 October 1944. p. 4693. 1674:(Supplement). 23 October 1945. p. 5234. 21: 2520:20th-century history of the Royal Air Force 2042:. London: Goodall Publications Ltd., 1984. 2187: 2173: 2165: 483: 292:was also used for geographic convenience. 27: 20: 2055:Black Swan: A History of 103 Squadron RAF 428:The prescribed route was directly across 2530:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1945 2393:1953 Mediterranean Sea mid-air collision 1929: 1927: 1645:"CWGC details - F/Lt JP Whymark DSO DFC" 390:for his bravery in three tours of duty. 1911:"CWGC details - F/Sgt JA Reardon RAFVR" 1890:"CWGC details - F/Sgt NR Robbins RAFVR" 1494: 1583: 1581: 1579: 1577: 1839:"CWGC details - Sgt WJ Kennedy RAFVR" 7: 1773:"CWGC details - S/Sjt JE Semark ATS" 1706:"CWGC details - F/Lt G Taylor RAFVR" 2408:1956 Scottish Airlines air disaster 1752:"CWGC details - Sgt RA Steel RAFVR" 401:Geoffrey Taylor (pilot), aided by 201:Avro Lancaster PA278 disappearance 22:Avro Lancaster PA278 disappearance 14: 2068:Flintham, Vic and Andrew Thomas. 1484:Operation Exodus (WWII operation) 460:would be turning back to land at 268:in which veteran soldiers of the 2369:1948 Northwood mid-air collision 1429: 1392: 1355: 1318: 1281: 1244: 1207: 1170: 1133: 1095: 1058: 1019: 981: 942: 903: 864: 825: 789: 752: 715: 677: 638: 599: 561: 522: 409:with 17 female soldiers of the 1860:"Reffell Family History - WW2" 1615:"Reffell Family History - WW2" 371:or were returning from leave. 1: 2403:1955 Shackleton disappearance 1448:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1411:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1374:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1337:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1300:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1263:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1226:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1189:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1152:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1115:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1077:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1038:Auxiliary Territorial Service 999:Auxiliary Territorial Service 961:Auxiliary Territorial Service 922:Auxiliary Territorial Service 883:Auxiliary Territorial Service 844:Auxiliary Territorial Service 411:Auxiliary Territorial Service 2155:Squadron history on MOD site 1798:www.southafricawargraves.org 772:S A Military Nursing Service 2057:. Newton Publishers, 1989. 384:Distinguished Service Order 33:An Avro Lancaster in flight 2561: 2398:1953 Skyways disappearance 1950:site-closed.wikispaces.com 706:John Percy Whymark DSO DFC 388:Distinguished Flying Cross 219:just after the end of the 2383:1950 Llandow air disaster 1731:www.aircrewremembered.com 1507:www.aircrewremembered.com 311:Francis flying Lancaster 26: 2333:Accidents and incidents 1526:Cummings, (2004). PA278 226:It disappeared over the 47:4 October 1945 2025:Squadron Codes, 1937-56 1977:, 17 November 1945, p.4 1975:Nottingham Evening News 1934:Mentioned in Despatches 1727:"Legacy Page Redirects" 1571:Mason (1989), p.207-209 1503:"Legacy Page Redirects" 590:Norman Reginald Robbins 2418:1959 Air Charter crash 1126:Phyllis Kathleen Bacon 480:Aircrew and passengers 344: 343:A Lancaster in flight. 244:Vickers-Armstrongs Ltd 16:Aircraft disappearance 2471:Notable people/groups 1385:Betty Evelyn Precious 782:Jane Simpson A Curran 745:Gertrude Irene Sadler 342: 2346:1945 Avro York crash 2249:Airliners/transports 2131:Rawlings, John D.R. 1535:Halley (1985), p.114 1163:Barbara Diana Cullen 734:No. 103 Squadron RAF 695:No. 103 Squadron RAF 668:William John Kennedy 657:No. 103 Squadron RAF 629:Richard George Steel 618:No. 103 Squadron RAF 579:No. 103 Squadron RAF 552:Jack Anthony Reardon 541:No. 103 Squadron RAF 393:PA278 took off from 357:No. 100 Squadron RAF 323:both had to land at 213:No. 103 Squadron RAF 118:No. 103 Squadron RAF 2423:1990 Scotland crash 2113:Moyes, Philip J.R. 1594:aviation-safety.net 1562:Mason (1989), p.405 818:Jessie Ellen Semark 205:Avro Lancaster Mk.I 98:Avro Lancaster Mk.I 23: 2413:1958 Dan-Air crash 1864:www.reffell.org.uk 1824:The London Gazette 1691:The London Gazette 1671:The London Gazette 1619:www.reffell.org.uk 1453:Brookwood Memorial 1416:Brookwood Memorial 1379:Brookwood Memorial 1342:Brookwood Memorial 1305:Brookwood Memorial 1268:Brookwood Memorial 1237:Rhoda Alice Fraser 1231:Brookwood Memorial 1194:Brookwood Memorial 1157:Brookwood Memorial 1120:Brookwood Memorial 1082:Brookwood Memorial 1043:Brookwood Memorial 1004:Brookwood Memorial 966:Brookwood Memorial 927:Brookwood Memorial 888:Brookwood Memorial 849:Brookwood Memorial 812:Brookwood Memorial 739:Runnymede Memorial 700:Runnymede Memorial 662:Runnymede Memorial 623:Runnymede Memorial 584:Runnymede Memorial 546:Runnymede Memorial 345: 280:coast of southern 104:Aircraft name 94:Aircraft type 2507: 2506: 2083:Halley, James J. 1870:on 4 January 2019 1625:on 4 January 2019 1458: 1457: 1088:Stefahia Courtman 710:Flight lieutenant 611:Wireless Operator 517:Flight lieutenant 399:Flight lieutenant 380:Flight Lieutenant 351:and took off for 284:. An airfield at 276:airfield, on the 248:Broughton factory 197: 196: 71:Mediterranean Sea 2552: 2535:Missing aircraft 2295:Notable aircraft 2189: 2182: 2175: 2166: 2038:Charlwood, Don. 1978: 1972: 1966: 1965: 1963: 1961: 1952:. Archived from 1942: 1936: 1931: 1922: 1921: 1919: 1917: 1907: 1901: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1886: 1880: 1879: 1877: 1875: 1866:. Archived from 1856: 1850: 1849: 1847: 1845: 1835: 1829: 1828: 1815: 1809: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1790: 1784: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1769: 1763: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1748: 1742: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1723: 1717: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1702: 1696: 1695: 1682: 1676: 1675: 1662: 1656: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1641: 1635: 1634: 1632: 1630: 1621:. 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249: 245: 238:The Lancaster 237: 235: 233: 229: 228:Mediterranean 224: 222: 218: 215:(103 Sqn) of 214: 210: 209:F for Freddie 206: 202: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 153: 150: 146: 143: 139: 136: 134:Flight origin 132: 128: 126: 122: 119: 116: 112: 109: 108:F for Freddie 106: 102: 99: 96: 92: 87: 83: 79: 76: 72: 69: 65: 62:Disappearance 61: 57: 46: 42: 39:Disappearance 37: 30: 25: 19: 2483:Roy Chadwick 2462:Preservation 2375: 2361: 2352: 2338: 2315: 2310:G for George 2308: 2301: 2281:Super Trader 2132: 2114: 2099: 2084: 2069: 2054: 2039: 2024: 1984:Bibliography 1974: 1970: 1958:. Retrieved 1954:the original 1949: 1946:"Wikispaces" 1940: 1914:. Retrieved 1905: 1893:. Retrieved 1884: 1872:. Retrieved 1868:the original 1863: 1854: 1842:. Retrieved 1833: 1822: 1813: 1801:. Retrieved 1797: 1788: 1776:. Retrieved 1767: 1755:. Retrieved 1746: 1734:. Retrieved 1730: 1721: 1709:. Retrieved 1700: 1689: 1680: 1669: 1660: 1648:. Retrieved 1639: 1627:. Retrieved 1623:the original 1618: 1609: 1597:. Retrieved 1593: 1567: 1558: 1549: 1540: 1531: 1522: 1510:. Retrieved 1506: 1497: 1466: 1464: 1111:W/Pal/203386 470: 457: 427: 419: 392: 376:World War II 373: 348: 346: 321:G for George 320: 312: 300: 298: 294: 263: 261: 241: 225: 208: 200: 198: 125:Registration 107: 18: 2256:Lancastrian 2053:Finn, Sid. 1819:"No. 35698" 1686:"No. 36745" 1666:"No. 37324" 1311:Joan Larkin 894:Jill Goring 727:Rear Gunner 395:RAF Glatton 361:RAF Glatton 313:B for Baker 270:Eighth Army 148:Destination 138:RAF Glatton 2514:Categories 2445:In fiction 2433:Shackleton 2376:Star Ariel 2362:Star Tiger 2266:Lincolnian 2240:Shackleton 2214:Manchester 1490:References 365:Huntingdon 174:Fatalities 158:Passengers 142:Huntingdon 51:1945-10-04 2457:Operators 2353:Star Dust 2219:Lancaster 2199:Lancaster 1960:4 January 1916:4 January 1895:4 January 1874:4 January 1844:4 January 1803:4 January 1778:4 January 1757:4 January 1736:4 January 1711:4 January 1650:4 January 1629:4 January 1599:4 January 1512:4 January 1441:Passenger 1404:Passenger 1367:Passenger 1330:Passenger 1293:Passenger 1256:Passenger 1219:Passenger 1182:Passenger 1145:Passenger 1108:Passenger 1070:Passenger 1031:Passenger 992:Passenger 954:Passenger 915:Passenger 876:Passenger 837:Passenger 800:Passenger 766:Passenger 572:Navigator 462:Marseille 446:Cap Corse 438:Marseille 325:Marseille 203:involved 190:Survivors 2355:accident 1473:See also 1407:W/147946 1333:W/154454 1296:W/143732 1259:W/155271 1222:W/258692 1185:W/252761 1073:W/144264 1034:W/236937 995:W/170036 918:W/237256 898:Corporal 879:W/184715 859:Corporal 672:Sergeant 633:Sergeant 422:Sergeant 403:Sergeant 278:Adriatic 182:Injuries 114:Operator 89:Aircraft 2492:Related 2428:Lincoln 2224:Lincoln 2207:Bombers 1444:W/99752 1425:Private 1388:Private 1370:W/74459 1351:Private 1314:Private 1277:Private 1240:Private 1203:Private 1166:Private 1148:W/77415 1129:Private 1091:Private 957:W/23244 691:2208930 653:1818104 614:1894110 575:1626816 474:Corsica 450:Corsica 252:Chester 246:at its 232:Corsica 207:PA278, 75:Corsica 59:Summary 49: ( 2450:Ashton 2327:Topics 2286:Ashton 2276:Trader 2233:Patrol 2139:  2121:  2106:  2091:  2076:  2061:  2046:  2031:  2016:  2005:  1994:  840:W/7326 807:QAIMNS 803:236425 769:254580 537:189687 502:Number 499:Status 493:Nation 466:Naples 430:France 407:Naples 329:France 286:Naples 2374:1949 2360:1948 2351:1947 2339:PA278 2337:1945 2317:PA474 2303:FM213 2271:Tudor 730:53481 534:Pilot 369:Italy 363:near 353:Italy 305:Italy 290:Italy 282:Italy 250:near 129:PA278 2438:York 2261:York 2196:Avro 2137:ISBN 2119:ISBN 2104:ISBN 2089:ISBN 2074:ISBN 2059:ISBN 2044:ISBN 2029:ISBN 2014:ISBN 2003:ISBN 1992:ISBN 1962:2019 1918:2019 1897:2019 1876:2019 1846:2019 1805:2019 1780:2019 1759:2019 1738:2019 1713:2019 1652:2019 1631:2019 1601:2019 1514:2019 505:Unit 490:Rank 487:Name 386:and 315:and 274:Bari 199:The 166:Crew 67:Site 44:Date 1102:BMP 496:Age 440:. 327:in 223:. 2516:: 1948:. 1926:^ 1862:. 1821:. 1796:. 1729:. 1688:. 1668:. 1617:. 1592:. 1576:^ 1505:. 1438:22 1435:UK 1401:24 1398:UK 1364:22 1361:UK 1327:25 1324:UK 1290:25 1287:UK 1253:24 1250:UK 1216:28 1213:UK 1179:30 1176:UK 1142:34 1139:UK 1067:24 1064:UK 1028:23 1025:UK 987:UK 951:37 948:UK 912:23 909:UK 873:25 870:UK 834:29 831:UK 795:UK 763:41 759:SA 724:25 721:UK 683:UK 647:20 644:UK 608:20 605:UK 567:UK 531:24 528:UK 476:. 452:, 448:, 417:. 288:, 177:25 161:19 140:, 84:25 2188:e 2181:t 2174:v 2143:. 2125:. 2110:. 2095:. 2080:. 2065:. 2050:. 2035:. 2020:. 2009:. 1998:. 1964:. 1920:. 1899:. 1878:. 1848:. 1807:. 1782:. 1761:. 1740:. 1715:. 1654:. 1633:. 1603:. 1516:. 193:0 185:0 169:6 53:)

Index

An Avro Lancaster in flight
Mediterranean Sea
Corsica
Avro Lancaster Mk.I
No. 103 Squadron RAF
Registration
RAF Glatton
Huntingdon
Naples Airport
Avro Lancaster Mk.I
No. 103 Squadron RAF
Bomber Command
Second World War
Mediterranean
Corsica
Vickers-Armstrongs Ltd
Broughton factory
Chester
Operation Dodge
Eighth Army
Bari
Adriatic
Italy
Naples
Italy
Italy
Warrant Officer
Flying Officer
Marseille
France

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