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430:. Traditional clothing for women includes either a vest or long-sleeved jacket or long overcoat worn over a gown. An under dress and puffy pants is worn beneath the gown. Traditionally women wore Hewrami hats ornamented with valued coloured stones, beads and gold pieces. Usually younger women and young girls wear brightly coloured dresses adorned with many beads and sequins and the older women wear darker colours and white head-cover. Hawrami men generally wear a shirt; a vest with an open neck; and baggy trousers fitted at the ankles. A cotton sash 3–4 m long is folded in half lengthwise and wrapped tightly around the torso on waist. Men also wore traditional brown felt jackets with pointed shoulders called Kolabal.
251:. The main part of the Hawraman region is located in Iran and encompasses two components of the Central-Eastern Valley (Zhawaro and Takht, in Kurdistan Province); and the Western Valley (Lahon, in Kermanshah Province). The mode of human habitation in these two valleys has been adapted over millennia to the rough mountainous environment. Tiered steep-slope planning and architecture, gardening on dry-stone terraces, livestock breeding, and seasonal vertical migration are among the distinctive features of the local culture and life of the Hawrami Kurdish people who dwell in lowlands and highlands during different seasons of each year. On July 27, 2021, part of the Hawraman region along with
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tomb (Iron Age), Sar Cham (Chalcolithic and Iron Age), and Barda Mār (19th century). Except for Ruwar sites, all other excavated sites were flooded in 2015-2016. Several
Paleolithic sites have been recorded in the south of Hawraman where Paleolithic hunters used two rock shelters for seasonal or short-term habitation near the villages of Shamshir and Zardui during a period that archaeologists call Middle Paleolithic.
271:
in the historical memory of the ancestors of the people of this region and are preserved; and still the historical memories of people arising from the ancestors bear the historical rituals and it is strongly revered. Language, culture, and conventions of people express this ancient history. In this region, Zartoshti religion used to be taught before
Islamic era. The language was derived from Sasanid Pahlavi .>
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539:. The villages are unique in terms of architecture, lifestyle, and agricultural methodology. Villages are integrated with nature by incorporating steep-slope agriculture. The 12 villages included in the property illustrate the Hawrami people's evolving responses to the scarcity of productive land in their mountainous environment through the millennia. On July 28, 2021,
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that conducted several seasons of archaeological surveys and excavations within the area of the reservoir that led to the discovery of a number of important
Paleolithic and more later sites. The Main excavated sites were Dārāi Rockshelter (Middle Paleolithic), Kenācheh Cave (Upper Paleolithic), Ruwār
270:
in the southwest of
Kurdistan province and "Pir Shaliar" ceremony is held there every year. According to the people belief, Hawraman has been a large city and had a prominent centrality, because of that it has been called the throne or the center of government, and the ancient Iranian religions are
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eras, were found in the region in 1909. They were discovered in a cave on Kuh-e Salan
Mountain, near the village of Shar Hawraman, and subsequently sent to London. The documents date from 88/87 BC to 33 AD, with two written in Greek and one in Parthian. They document the sale of a vineyard and
282:(or Kani Bil) is one of these springs which has a discharge about 3000-4000 liters per second. The river which is made of Bil spring is the shortest river in the world with a total length of 15 meters. Construction of Darian Dam on the Sirwan River between 2009 and 2015 initiated
843:
Nyberg, H.S. (1923), The
Pahlavi documents of Avroman, Le Monde Oriental, XVII, p.189. This is very interesting for those interested in investigating the survival of Parthian usage of Zoroastrian terminology among the local Kurds of modern-day Hawraman
389:
prior to the advent of Islam. One of the oldest
Islamic period evidence is Negel quran. A leather-bound Quran written in the Kufic script with gilded page borders, dates to 4th century AH (913 CE – 1009 CE) which is kept in a mosque in the
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The word hawraman is formed of two parts ‘Hawra’ means ‘Ahoora’ and ‘Man’ means ‘house, position’. Hawraman is the region of
Ahooramzda. ‘howr’ in Avesta means sun, in this case Hawraman would be translated as ‘Territory of Sun’.
549:
Tentative List on August 9, 2007. On July 27, 2021, it along with part of the
Hawraman region were officially inscribed on the World Heritage List as a cultural site under the name "Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/Uramanat".
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pass near the village of Tang-i Var, indicates that the region was occupied by
Assyrians during their military campaigns into Zagros. This Royal Inscription belongs to Sargon II, King of Assyria (721–705 BC).
440:. It is performed without the use of any instruments, with the exception of the occasional use of a Kurdish hand-drum or Daff. Today, the Siya Cheman style is used mostly for storytelling and entertainment.
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Edmonds, C. J. (1952). "The Place Names of the Avroman Parchments". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 14 (3): 478–82. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00088455. ISSN 0041-977X
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Hawraman Cultural Landscape was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List as the 26th tangible cultural heritage of Iran at the 44th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.
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or Early Modern Humans. Evidence for Late Paleolithic occupation discovered in a cave site called Kenacheh in the Perdi Mala valley. These archaeological finds were unearthed during
317:
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410:, an anti-government militant group backed by Iraq. In September–October 1981, the city of Avroman Takht and surrounding settlements were retaken by Iranian forces.
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faith, which is still being practiced by very small numbers of people in the region. Many areas in the Avroman region are believed to have been pilgrimage sites for
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Biglari, F and S. Shidrang (2019) Rescuing the Paleolithic Heritage of Hawraman, Kurdistan, Iranian Zagros, Near Eastern Archaeology 82 (4): 226-235.
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488:) that can be found throughout the region. Buzin and Markhil Protected Area (Kurdish: بوزین و مارخێڵ) is located at the southwest of Hawraman in
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Edmonds, Cecil. Kurds, Turks, and Arabs: politics, travel, and research in northeastern Iraq, 1919-1925. Oxford University Press, 1957.
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village and between Naw and Asparez villages in the Sirwan valley. These earliest finds include stone tools that made by
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counties of Kermanshah province. Hunting and shooting is prohibited and in 1999, it was registered as a protected area.
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707:"Cultural sites in Africa, Arab Region, Asia, Europe, and Latin America inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List"
651:"Cultural sites in Africa, Arab Region, Asia, Europe, and Latin America inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List"
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Ancient religions are also practiced throughout Avroman and the region is home to the ancient holy places of the
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Biglari, F., (2021) Construction de barrage et archéologie de sauvetage dans le Zagros, ARCHÉOLOGIA 595: 10-11.
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is the 26th tangible cultural heritage of Iran.The property is located in the provinces of
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875:[The Owraman Takht operation and the end of the political life of Rizgari group].
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Period (more than 40,000 years ago). This evidence was discovered by archaeologists near
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The earliest archaeological evidence shows that the region was inhabited by humans since
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is a style of singing practiced by the Hewrams in Avroman people and means hymn song in
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another land, and include the names of Pātaspak, son of Tīrēn and Awīl, son of Baænīn.
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that led to discovery of many archaeological sites before flooding of the reservoir.
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The Kurdish National Movement: Its Origins and Development by Wadie Jwaideh page 307
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as a cultural site under the name "Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/Uramanat".
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1118:. As of today (May 2009), this place has a population of approximately 3500.
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Avroman has many springs and rivers that most their water mainly flows into
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A group of Kurdish men mwith traditional clothing at Hawraman, Kurdistan.
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The place shown in the above audio slideshow is Orāmān, to the North of
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Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/Uramanat - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
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A typical Kurdish village in Hawraman, Kurdistan Province, Iran, 2015
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The Cultural Landscape of Uramanat - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
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Frame, G. (1999). The inscription of Sargon II at Tang-i Var.
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Hewraman Taxt: A memorial of Ancients A heritage to posteritie
678:""Hawraman" rural landscape inscribed in World Heritage List"
231:) is a mountainous region located within the provinces of
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List of cities, towns and villages in Kurdistan Province
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A typical landscape of the Hawraman region, Kurdistan.
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The Uramanat Villages are located in the mountainous
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266:“Avroman Takht” village is located in the center of
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A Hawrami man with traditional clothing, Kurdistan.
873:"عملیات اورامان تخت و پایان عمر سیاسی گروهک رزگاری"
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374:. Ahura Mazda is the name of God in the ancient
366:and claim that the name may have originated from
448:Hawraman is home to divers fauna, including the
788:"Digs hint 40,000 yrs. of man life in Hawraman"
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284:The Darian Dam Archaeological Salvage Program
8:
406:, most of Avroman came under the control of
354:faith. Some scholars believe that the name
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328:The Inscription of Sargon II at Tang-i Var
25:
1100:), in Persian, Jadid Online, 5 May 2009,
745:"Kani Bil:Iranian TV; Kurdistan province"
313:Darian Dam Archaeological Salvage Program
909:"KURDISH TRIBES – Encyclopaedia Iranica"
898:home.hum.uva.nl/oz/leezenberg/GInflCK.pd
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1081:, Palangan village, Hawraman,Kurdistan.
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1577:Grand mosque of Sanandaj(Dar-al ehsan)
1053:Wedding ceremony at a Kurdish village.
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362:has strong connections to the ancient
1094:Customs of the Land of Stone and Wind
1005:Kurdish dance at Hawraman, Kurdistan.
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145:A part of the Hawraman region in Iran
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993:A Hawrami child in Kurdish clothing.
877:Šabake-ye Ettelāresāni-ye Rāh-e Dānā
381:language and comes from the ancient
338:, a set of three documents from the
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1586:Sanandaj museum of natural history
516:along the western border of Iran.
504:Cultural Landscape of Hawraman or
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608:Kemaloğlu, Nasır (2 March 2016).
542:This site was first added to the
1657:Geography of Kermanshah province
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1652:Geography of Kurdistan province
879:(in Persian). 13 February 2017.
418:The inhabitants of Avroman are
132:Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/
1098:Ā'in-e Sar'zamin-e Sang va Bād
802:https://doi.org/10.1086/706536
506:Cultural Landscape of Uramanat
500:Cultural Landscape of Uramanat
1:
1541:House of Kurds (Asef's house)
1525:Lake of Vahdat dam (Sanandaj)
1077:Kurdish New Year ceremony of
763:"Rudaw:Kani Bil is in crisis"
16:For the village in Iran, see
1667:World Heritage Sites in Iran
1029:Kurdish cloth from Hawraman.
655:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
1514:Garden of ayatollah Mardokh
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635:حسين علي, رزمآرا (2008).
589:(in Kurdish). 12 July 2020
470:Ovis orientalis orientalis
257:UNESCO World Heritage List
122:UNESCO World Heritage Site
114:UNESCO World Heritage Site
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639:(in Persian). پردىس دانش.
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1528:Tengiwer inscription of
854:CHN | Tourism and Travel
454:Panthera pardus tulliana
1583:Historic Quran of Negel
1517:Baba Gurgur's mausoleum
1506:Old bazaars of Sanandaj
733:. Tehran, Sharif. 1386.
290:Archaeology and history
1662:Geography of Kurdistan
572:, Encyclopædia Iranica
255:were inscribed on the
913:www.iranicaonline.org
705:UNESCO (2021-07-27).
336:Parchments of Avroman
243:and in north-eastern
1510:Hajar Khatoon Mosque
402:At the start of the
1544:Khosroabad building
583:"ڕاپۆرتی کوردستانی"
533:Halabja Governorate
295:Prehistoric periods
1535:Garus ancient city
1301:Divandarreh County
1170:Kurdistan Province
942:kurdishacademy.org
859:2008-10-10 at the
301:Middle Paleolithic
155:Cultural: (iii)(v)
129:Official name
1647:Geography of Iraq
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1105:Audio slideshow:
610:"Zaravayên Kurdî"
568:D. N. MacKenzie,
364:Zoroastrian faith
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1235:Buin-e Sofla
1217:Baneh County
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684:. 2021-07-27
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616:(in Kurdish)
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387:Zoroastrians
376:Indo-Iranian
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276:Sirwan River
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1502:Pir Shalyar
1309:Divandarreh
1263:Babarashani
587:Peyserpress
478:Canis lupus
383:Zoroastrian
372:Ahura Mazda
318:(Arkeonews)
239:in western
173:2021 (44th
170:Inscription
1626:Categories
1532:(Kamyaran)
1398:Serishabad
1365:Kani Dinar
1291:Bolbanabad
844:(Avroman).
823:Orientalia
773:2014-08-30
716:2021-07-27
688:2021-07-27
660:2021-07-27
614:zazaki.net
557:References
521:Kermanshah
514:Kermanshah
458:brown bear
280:Bil spring
237:Kermanshah
1530:Sargon II
1421:Shuyesheh
620:15 August
525:Kurdistan
510:Kurdistan
482:Wild goat
394:village.
233:Kurdistan
222:romanized
200:ههورامان
160:Reference
40:ههورامان
1637:Hawraman
1497:Hawraman
1467:Sarvabad
1416:Sanandaj
1388:Delbaran
1360:Chenareh
1332:Kamyaran
1314:Zarrineh
1286:Dehgolan
1268:Yasukand
1240:Kani Sur
1230:Armardeh
1204:Counties
1185:Sanandaj
857:Archived
494:Javanrud
444:Wildlife
368:Ahuraman
356:Hawraman
344:Parthian
340:Seleucid
253:Uramanat
208:Hewraman
192:Hawraman
151:Criteria
141:Location
134:Uramanat
48:Hewraman
32:Hawraman
1568:Ziwiyeh
1548:Karaftu
1355:Marivan
1337:Muchesh
1178:Capital
980:Gallery
593:20 July
570:Avroman
480:), and
466:mouflon
438:Hewrami
424:Hawrami
420:Hewrami
414:Culture
379:Avestan
360:Huraman
228:Owrāmān
224::
217:اورامان
213:Persian
196:Kurdish
188:Avroman
175:Session
83:Country
57:اورامان
53:Persian
36:Kurdish
30:Avroman
1487:Abidar
1480:Sights
1449:Santeh
1439:Saqqez
1383:Qorveh
1208:cities
1172:, Iran
1079:Newroz
711:UNESCO
544:UNESCO
352:Yarsan
104:
92:
65:Region
23:Region
1593:Hajij
1573:Sakez
1444:Saheb
1393:Dezej
1258:Bijar
1225:Baneh
1116:Pāveh
1112:Note:
490:Paveh
392:Negel
305:Hajij
1206:and
622:2020
595:2020
531:and
529:Iran
523:and
512:and
492:and
474:wolf
342:and
334:The
249:Iraq
241:Iran
235:and
164:1647
107:Iraq
95:Iran
535:of
472:),
464:),
456:),
370:or
358:or
247:in
194:, (
190:or
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