322:
1118:
367:
The language is currently being revived. A new orthography and reconstruction of the phonology has been undertaken. To date, several publications have been produced including "A grammar for the
Awabakal language", "An introduction to the Awabakal language : its orthography, recommended orthoepy
1373:
A key to the structure of the
Aboriginal language; being an analysis of the particles used as affixes, to form the various modifications of the verbs; shewing the essential powers, abstract roots, and other peculiarities of the language spoken by the Aborigines in the vicinity of Hunter River, Lake
975:
The default verbative voice of
Awabakal verbs is neutral, i.e., they do not give a sense of active or passive. The pronominal enclitics indicate which voice the verb should be analysed as being in. There are 3 present tenses, 8 future and 7 past, with various voice, aspect and mood modifications.
356:
An
Australian language as spoken by the Awabakal, the people of Awaba or Lake Macquarie (near Newcastle, New South Wales) being an account of their language, traditions and customs / by L.E. Threlkeld; re-arranged, condensed and edited with an appendix by John
939:
situation. There are three true pronouns which could be called a nominative or topic case. There are only found at the beginning of an independent clause. These pronominals are found in ergative, accusative, dative and possessive cases.
359:. It contained a grammar and vocabulary as well as much new material by Fraser, and helped to popularise the name "Awabakal" for the language grouping more broadly referred to as the Hunter River-Lake Macquarie language.
1805:
1507:
208:
1838:
1522:
An
Australian grammar: comprehending the principles and natural rules of the language, as spoken by the Aborigines in the vicinity of Hunter's River, Lake Macquarie, &c. New South Wales
1341:
An
Australian grammar: comprehending the principles and natural rules of the language, as spoken by the Aborigines in the vicinity of Hunter's River, Lake Macquarie, &c. New South Wales
1790:
1556:
An
Australian language as spoken by the Awabakal, the people of Awaba, or lake Macquarie (near Newcastle, New South Wales): being an account of their language, traditions, and customs
1576:
An
Australian language as spoken by the Awabakal, the people of Awaba or Lake Macquarie (near Newcastle, New South Wales): being an account of their language, traditions and customs
1398:
An
Australian language as spoken by the Awabakal, the people of Awaba or Lake Macquarie (near Newcastle, New South Wales): being an account of their language, traditions and customs
2660:
2730:
1275:
in
Awabakal, according to the Gospel of Luke. Part of the Gospel of Luke was translated into Awabakal in 1892 and below the text reflects the orthography of the prayer in 1892.
1831:
2695:
1630:
1109:
are not commonly used in comparison to many languages. Sentences can often be connected without their use. These also have various combinations and case declinations.
2688:
1634:
1464:
4686:
2653:
1824:
4681:
1795:
1383:
2667:
2632:
1454:
2723:
2681:
2674:
1681:
1657:
1438:
769:
There is a category of words in Awabakal called descriptors. They can stand as referring terms and are in these cases similar to nouns, like
1573:
Threlkeld, Lancelot Edward; Fraser, John; Taplin, George; Ridley, William; Livingstone, H; GĂĽnther, James; Broughton, William Grant (1892).
2716:
1362:
An Australian spelling book in the language as spoken by the Aborigines in the vicinity of Hunter's River, Lake Macquarie, New South Wales
524:
506:
3559:
3431:
2509:
1774:
4405:
1553:
Threlkeld, Lancelot Edward; Biraban, H. Livingstone; George Taplin; James GĂĽnther; William Grant Broughton; William Ridley (1892).
1330:
Specimens of a Dialect of the Aborigines of New South Wales; Being the first attempt to form their speech into a written language
259:
52:
3819:
1459:
255:
321:
1866:
1801:
2936:
1743:
222:
4417:
3131:
602:
531:
4311:
4110:
3966:
3954:
3769:
3467:
3134:
2739:
302:
101:
1650:
An introduction to the Awabakal language : its orthography, recommended orthoepy and its grammar and stylistics
3103:
1766:
1248:
2. Yanti bo ġearun kin bara ġukulla, unnoa tara nakillikan kurri-kurri kabiruġ ġatun mankillikan wiyellikanne koba.
627:
538:
421:
414:
289:
in the 19th century, who wrote a grammar of the language, but the spoken language had died out before 21st-century
263:
56:
4676:
3582:
3410:
3021:
1989:
1908:
905:
428:
351:
184:
3339:
3212:
1606:
Arposio, Alex; Threlkeld, L. E. (Lancelot Edward), 1788-1859; Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association (2008),
310:
106:
4377:
3088:
2926:
2785:
2770:
611:
4168:
4140:
3288:
2964:
2921:
2854:
1106:
435:
4341:
4331:
3662:
3647:
3601:
3529:
3487:
1847:
1095:
897:
562:
558:
551:
4551:
4244:
4231:
4043:
3860:
3619:
3036:
2916:
518:
486:
456:
449:
335:
4439:
2864:
1519:
Threlkeld, Lancelot Edward; White, Henry Luke; Cowper, Charles; Dunlop, James; Ellis, William (1834).
4572:
4480:
4426:
4280:
4216:
4079:
3928:
3900:
3895:
3710:
3639:
3624:
3554:
3549:
3539:
3534:
3524:
3492:
3405:
3311:
3296:
3245:
3240:
3230:
3057:
3026:
2874:
2869:
2591:
2553:
2536:
1535:
463:
4546:
4536:
4526:
4470:
4356:
4221:
4074:
4051:
4028:
3885:
3577:
3479:
3392:
3352:
3319:
3255:
3235:
3146:
2974:
2900:
2780:
2775:
2543:
2519:
1760:
1488:
773:
or intransitive verbs/predicative verb-adjective phrases. They can be declined into nominal cases.
746:
1574:
1396:
368:
and its grammar and stylistics " and "Nupaleyalaan palii Awabakalkoba = Teach yourself Awabakal".
4642:
4614:
4604:
4531:
4444:
4260:
4056:
3997:
3989:
3974:
3951:
3918:
3842:
3832:
3809:
3738:
3733:
3652:
3614:
3544:
3464:
3400:
3377:
3372:
3362:
3329:
3324:
3220:
3164:
3108:
3067:
2995:
2949:
2944:
2879:
2805:
2598:
2574:
2567:
2403:
913:
901:
893:
470:
391:
330:
286:
4323:
1719:
This orthography is from the original works of Threlkeld. A new orthography was created in 2004.
4691:
4629:
4596:
4577:
4567:
4516:
4506:
4275:
4163:
4158:
4150:
4107:
4066:
3979:
3923:
3910:
3890:
3870:
3827:
3789:
3766:
3720:
3697:
3677:
3667:
3609:
3508:
3502:
3202:
3197:
3159:
3083:
3062:
3031:
2969:
2895:
2849:
2790:
2612:
2581:
1996:
1982:
1770:
1677:
1653:
1624:
1434:
936:
758:
498:
408:
396:
4619:
4582:
4521:
4449:
4434:
4351:
4201:
4196:
4186:
4178:
4135:
4033:
4007:
3875:
3855:
3850:
3804:
3794:
3743:
3728:
3705:
3687:
3367:
3278:
3273:
3187:
3169:
3154:
3098:
3016:
3011:
2990:
2859:
2800:
2795:
1374:
Macquarie, etc., New South Wales: together with comparisons of Polynesian and other dialects
1345:
1272:
742:
695:
666:
386:
290:
116:
81:
4647:
4637:
4609:
4541:
4511:
4501:
4382:
4361:
4346:
4336:
4265:
4211:
4191:
4130:
4084:
4015:
3880:
3865:
3799:
3781:
3682:
3657:
3569:
3516:
3441:
3426:
3382:
3357:
3301:
3268:
3179:
3093:
2954:
2831:
2815:
2810:
2752:
2605:
2560:
2526:
2407:
2395:
1851:
1503:
929:
925:
917:
750:
738:
478:
401:
306:
267:
214:
111:
93:
38:
1561:
An Australian language as spoken by the Awabakal, the people of Awaba, or lake Macquarie.
1816:
1554:
347:
in 1827 was the earliest attempt at exhibiting the structure of an Australian language.
86:
Sometime late in the 19th century. The language is currently in early stages of revival.
4485:
4475:
4465:
4287:
4122:
3436:
3263:
3225:
3052:
2411:
1933:
1756:
1698:
A salvage grammar and wordlist of the language from the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie
1484:
1258:
967:
Here too, there are 3 degrees. These terms indicate place. They decline for 13 cases.
200:
4670:
3672:
3629:
3192:
2841:
2477:
2415:
2087:
1729:
933:
921:
674:
584:
177:
2339:
2311:
2192:
2066:
1898:
754:
2442:
2332:
2283:
2185:
2122:
1954:
1117:
596:
579:
227:
1371:
1360:
1328:
1312:, a self-referential term used by some Aboriginal people, comes from Awabakal.
1251:
3. Murrȧrȧġ tia kȧtan yantibo, koito baġ ba tuiġ ko ġirouġ Teopolo murrȧrȧġ ta,
2318:
2304:
2157:
2115:
2080:
2038:
2031:
2017:
1283:
Biyuġbai ġearúmba wokka ka ba moroko ka ba kåtan, Kåmůnbilla yitirra ġiroúmba.
889:
770:
761:
of the sentence, Awabakal merely references a particular noun with this case.
734:
658:
654:
619:
589:
443:
1593:
1404:
2456:
2360:
2353:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2199:
2136:
1891:
1121:
Traditional lands of Australian Aboriginal tribes of eastern New South Wales
877:
193:
161:
42:
1926:
1520:
1339:
168:
2708:
2463:
2374:
2367:
2290:
2269:
2262:
2178:
2150:
2143:
2101:
2094:
2059:
2052:
2045:
2010:
1968:
1961:
1940:
1607:
1419:
333:
from 1825 until his death in 1859, producing a grammar and dictionary in
279:
275:
74:
70:
66:
2470:
2449:
2388:
2346:
2325:
2297:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2171:
2164:
2108:
2073:
1975:
1947:
1810:
1245:
Wonto ba kauwȧllo mankulla unnoa tara túġunbilliko ġurránto ġéen kinba,
340:
339:
in 1834. The speaker of Awabakal who taught him about the language was
1350:
2484:
2381:
1806:
Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
1672:
Arposio, Alex; Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association Inc (2010),
1648:
Arposio, Alex; Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association Inc (2009),
1612:(Rev. (Nov 2008) ed.), Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association
1508:
Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
909:
881:
1538:
2276:
2206:
2129:
2003:
1884:
1308:
1116:
320:
1589:
Re-arranged, condensed and edited with an appendix by John Fraser
1061:
1006:
2424:
2024:
1433:(Research ed.). Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association.
885:
662:
4403:
4308:
4105:
3949:
3764:
3462:
3129:
2750:
2712:
1820:
1073:
1050:
1018:
995:
554:
may also be heard as voiced in free variation among speakers.
1796:
Virtual Sourcebook of Aboriginal Studies in the Hunter Region
1700:. Nambucca Heads, NSW: Muurrbay Language and Culture Centre.
1652:(Rev. ed.), Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association,
325:
An Australian Aboriginal language, as spoken by the Awabakal
1424:(Rev. ed.). Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association.
1254:
4. Gurra-uwil koa bi tuloa, unnoa tara wiyatoara banuġ ba.
345:
Specimens of a Dialect of the Aborigines of New South Wales
1506:
Awabakal at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database,
1333:. Sydney: printed at the 'Monitor Office,' by Arthur Hill.
274:, which was the native name of the lake. It was spoken by
1674:
Nupaleyalaan palii Awabakalkoba = Teach yourself Awabakal
1293:
kulla ġéen yanti ta wareka yanti ta wiyapaiyeůn ġearúnba.
1395:
Threlkeld, Lancelot Edward (1892). Fraser, John (ed.).
1802:
Bibliography of Awabakal language and people resources
1098:
which work with different types of words or phrases.
948:
There are 3 degrees. They are declined for 10 cases.
884:
which have several functions and can be attached to
4628:
4595:
4560:
4494:
4458:
4425:
4416:
4370:
4322:
4253:
4177:
4149:
4121:
4065:
4042:
4006:
3988:
3965:
3909:
3841:
3818:
3780:
3719:
3696:
3638:
3600:
3568:
3515:
3501:
3478:
3419:
3391:
3338:
3310:
3287:
3254:
3211:
3178:
3145:
3076:
3045:
3004:
2983:
2935:
2909:
2888:
2840:
2824:
2763:
2494:
2434:
1918:
1876:
1858:
912:with a feminine/masculine distinction in the first
221:
207:
191:
175:
159:
154:
136:
90:
80:
62:
48:
33:
23:
1762:Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
1490:Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
1429:Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association (2010).
1676:, Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association Inc,
1295:Ä atun yuti yikpra ġearĂşn yarakai umullikan kolaġ;
1465:List of Aboriginal languages of New South Wales
1365:. Sydney: Stephens and Stokes, 'Herald Office'.
916:. They mark verbs for person, number, case and
715:3rd class – Personal names, kinship terms, and
1811:Morning Prayers in the Awabakal Dialect (1835)
1222:
1206:
1190:
1174:
1158:
1142:
1126:
1038:
983:
833:
817:
801:
785:
716:
699:
678:
2724:
1832:
343:, the tribal leader. Threlkeld and Biraban's
8:
1629:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1493:. Cambridge University Press. p. xxxiv.
1388:Waugh's Australian Almanac for the Year 1858
1291:Ä atun warekilla ġearĂşnba yarakai umatoara,
1548:
1546:
639:Vowel length may or may not be distinctive.
4422:
4413:
4400:
4319:
4305:
4118:
4102:
3962:
3946:
3777:
3761:
3512:
3475:
3459:
3142:
3126:
2760:
2747:
2731:
2717:
2709:
1839:
1825:
1817:
1633:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1287:yanti moroko ka ba, yanti ta purrai ta ba.
380:
20:
2633:List of Australian Aboriginal group names
1455:Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association
1349:
350:Threlkeld's work was greatly expanded by
573:
1476:
1384:"Language of the Australian Aborigines"
673:1st class – Common nouns, descriptors,
1622:
1285:Ä urrabunbilla wiyellikanne ġiroĂşmba,
305:language, most closely related to the
4687:Languages extinct in the 19th century
329:Awabakal was studied by the Reverend
135:
7:
4682:Extinct languages of New South Wales
1798:— Threlkeld's works available online
1297:mitomulla ġearún yarakai tabiruġ.
1609:A grammar for the Awabakal language
1421:A grammar for the Awabakal language
1382:Threlkeld, Lancelot Edward (1858).
1370:Threlkeld, Lancelot Edward (1850).
1359:Threlkeld, Lancelot Edward (1836).
1338:Threlkeld, Lancelot Edward (1834).
1327:Threlkeld, Lancelot Edward (1827).
749:, in which an unmarked noun is the
561:may also have dental allophones as
1344:. Printed by Stephens and Stokes.
1289:Ä uwoa ġearĂşn purreåġ ka takilliko.
1279:Ä atun noa wiya barun, wiyĂĄnĹŻn ba,
694:2nd class – Place names, words of
14:
1902:(mainly Queensland bordering NSW)
626:
610:
601:
537:
530:
523:
505:
485:
469:
462:
455:
448:
434:
427:
420:
413:
1525:. Printed by Stephens and Stokes
1401:. Charles Potter, Govt. Printer.
1579:. Charles Potter, Govt. Printer
1460:Indigenous Australian languages
1587:– via Internet Archive.
857:, a metaphorical extension of
256:Australian Aboriginal language
16:Australian Aboriginal language
1:
1082:what+ERG magpie(ABS) eat+PRES
1027:magpie+ERG what(ABS) eat+PRES
1024:kariwang+ku minaring ta+taan?
781:There are four number words.
285:It was studied by missionary
244:Hunter River – Lake Macquarie
29:Hunter River – Lake Macquarie
1813:digitized by Richard Mammana
1744:Oxford Dictionary of English
1710:This map is indicative only.
1696:Lissarrague, Amanda (2006).
1559:. C. Potter, Govt. Printer.
1079:minaring+ku kariwang ta+taan
955:'that' near the addressee(s)
900:and nouns. The numbers are:
1791:English-Awabakal dictionary
1377:. Sydney: Kemp and Fairfax.
1040:Minaringku kariwang tataan?
1030:'What does the magpie eat?'
985:Kariwangku minaring tataan?
924:" enclitcs imply an active
354:and republished in 1892 as
270:. The name is derived from
4708:
1859:Aboriginal language groups
1767:Cambridge University Press
958:'that' there (but at hand)
4412:
4399:
4318:
4304:
4117:
4101:
3961:
3945:
3776:
3760:
3474:
3458:
3141:
3125:
2759:
2746:
2642:
2622:
1909:Western Bundjalung people
1730:"Awabakal Rosary Prayers"
963:Appositive demonstratives
28:
1418:Arposio, Alex (2009) .
1223:
1207:
1191:
1175:
1159:
1143:
1127:
1085:'What eats the magpie?'
1068:
1056:
1045:
1039:
1013:
1001:
990:
984:
952:'this' near the speaker
834:
818:
802:
786:
717:
700:
679:
665:can exist in any of 13
258:that was spoken around
4270:old Wangkumara/Garlali
4239:new Wangkumara/Garlali
2740:Pama–Nyungan languages
2123:Kawambarai/Gawambaraay
1266:
1122:
1094:There are 10 forms of
326:
3560:Woiwurrung–Taungurung
2648:By state or territory
1867:Yugambeh-Bandjalangic
1257:—Introduction of the
1120:
737:case of nouns is the
336:An Australian Grammar
324:
4620:Gangalidda (Yukulta)
2495:Aboriginal languages
1302:Influence on English
1281:ġiakai wiyånůn nura,
872:Pronominal enclitics
246:, often abbreviated
4406:Macro-Pama–Nyungan?
1594:NLA catalogue entry
1431:Awabakal dictionary
1405:NLA catalogue entry
1231:say (how about) ...
928:situation and the "
659:declension patterns
3871:Ngarluma-Kariyarra
2661:Northern Territory
1990:Western Bundjalung
1919:Aboriginal peoples
1877:Aboriginal nations
1123:
747:European languages
657:. The first has 4
653:There exist three
331:Lancelot Threlkeld
327:
287:Lancelot Threlkeld
4664:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4656:
4655:
4591:
4590:
4459:Mangarrayi-Marran
4418:Macro-Gunwinyguan
4395:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4300:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4092:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3820:Kanyara–Mantharta
3756:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3596:
3595:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3104:Mbariman-Gudhinma
2706:
2705:
2696:Western Australia
2053:Gidhabal/Githabul
1747:, 3rd ed., p 977.
1683:978-0-9804680-2-1
1659:978-0-9804680-5-2
1440:978-0-9804680-8-3
1390:. pp. 60–80.
1267:The Lord's Prayer
753:, and is (in the
696:spatial relations
636:
635:
547:
546:
313:of Pama–Nyungan.
233:
232:
4699:
4677:Worimi languages
4423:
4414:
4401:
4320:
4306:
4119:
4103:
3963:
3947:
3778:
3762:
3587:Kuurn Kopan Noot
3583:Dhauwurd Wurrung
3513:
3476:
3460:
3411:Pallanganmiddang
3143:
3127:
3022:Aghu Tharrnggala
2761:
2748:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2710:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2635:
2628:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2585:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2547:
2546:(or Yuwaaliyaay)
2539:
2532:
2530:
2522:
2515:
2513:
2505:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2435:Aboriginal clans
2427:
2418:
2398:
2391:
2384:
2377:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2202:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2060:Gringai/Guringay
2055:
2048:
2041:
2034:
2027:
2020:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1911:
1904:
1903:
1894:
1887:
1869:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1818:
1780:
1748:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1726:
1720:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1628:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1603:
1597:
1591:
1586:
1584:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1550:
1541:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1516:
1510:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1481:
1444:
1425:
1402:
1391:
1378:
1366:
1355:
1353:
1334:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1075:
1063:
1052:
1042:
1020:
1008:
997:
987:
866:
863:
860:
856:
853:
852:palm of the hand
850:
846:
843:
840:
837:
830:
827:
824:
821:
814:
811:
808:
805:
798:
795:
792:
789:
729:
726:
723:
720:
712:
709:
706:
703:
691:
688:
685:
682:
630:
614:
605:
574:
564:
560:
553:
541:
534:
527:
509:
489:
473:
466:
459:
452:
438:
431:
424:
417:
381:
311:Yuin–Kuric group
217:
203:
187:
171:
164:
96:
21:
4707:
4706:
4702:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4667:
4666:
4665:
4652:
4624:
4587:
4556:
4490:
4454:
4408:
4387:
4366:
4314:
4292:
4249:
4226:Wangka-Yutjurru
4173:
4145:
4113:
4089:
4061:
4038:
4002:
3984:
3957:
3933:
3905:
3837:
3814:
3772:
3748:
3715:
3692:
3634:
3592:
3564:
3530:Dja Dja Wurrung
3511:
3497:
3470:
3446:
3415:
3387:
3334:
3306:
3283:
3250:
3207:
3174:
3137:
3113:
3089:Flinders Island
3072:
3041:
3000:
2979:
2931:
2927:Guugu Yimidhirr
2905:
2884:
2836:
2820:
2786:Arritinngithigh
2771:Adithinngithigh
2755:
2753:Paman languages
2742:
2737:
2707:
2702:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2675:South Australia
2673:
2666:
2659:
2654:New South Wales
2652:
2647:
2638:
2631:
2626:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2580:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2525:
2518:
2512:(or Bundjalung)
2511:
2508:
2501:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2430:
2423:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2380:
2373:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1914:
1907:
1901:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1872:
1865:
1854:
1852:New South Wales
1845:
1787:
1777:
1757:Dixon, R. M. W.
1755:
1752:
1751:
1741:
1737:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1684:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1660:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1582:
1580:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1552:
1551:
1544:
1528:
1526:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1502:
1498:
1485:Dixon, R. M. W.
1483:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1451:
1441:
1428:
1417:
1414:
1394:
1381:
1369:
1358:
1337:
1326:
1323:
1318:
1304:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1269:
1242:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1115:
1104:
1092:
1087:
1077:
1066:
1054:
1043:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1011:
999:
988:
981:
973:
965:
946:
888:, descriptors,
874:
864:
861:
858:
854:
851:
848:
844:
841:
838:
828:
825:
822:
812:
809:
806:
796:
793:
790:
779:
767:
751:nominative case
727:
724:
721:
710:
707:
704:
689:
686:
683:
651:
646:
572:
557:Palatal sounds
379:
374:
365:
319:
307:Worimi language
299:
291:revival efforts
268:New South Wales
213:
199:
183:
180:
167:
160:
132:
97:
94:Language family
92:
39:New South Wales
17:
12:
11:
5:
4705:
4703:
4695:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4669:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4634:
4632:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4601:
4599:
4593:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4431:
4429:
4420:
4410:
4409:
4404:
4397:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4378:Lower Burdekin
4374:
4372:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4328:
4326:
4316:
4315:
4309:
4302:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4263:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4208:
4207:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4183:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4169:Lower Arrernte
4166:
4161:
4155:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4141:Western Desert
4138:
4133:
4127:
4125:
4115:
4114:
4106:
4099:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4071:
4069:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4048:
4046:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4012:
4010:
4004:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3994:
3992:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3971:
3969:
3959:
3958:
3950:
3943:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3915:
3913:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3847:
3845:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3824:
3822:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3786:
3784:
3774:
3773:
3765:
3758:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3725:
3723:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3708:
3702:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3644:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3598:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3580:
3574:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3507:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3484:
3482:
3472:
3471:
3463:
3456:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3437:Kalaw Lagaw Ya
3434:
3429:
3423:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3397:
3395:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3344:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3316:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3299:
3293:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3260:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3184:
3182:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3151:
3149:
3139:
3138:
3130:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2965:Kuuk Thaayorre
2962:
2961:
2960:
2952:
2947:
2941:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2846:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2713:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2629:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2540:
2533:
2523:
2516:
2506:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2308:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1930:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1895:
1888:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1808:
1799:
1793:
1786:
1785:External links
1783:
1782:
1781:
1775:
1750:
1749:
1735:
1721:
1712:
1703:
1688:
1682:
1664:
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1511:
1496:
1475:
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1472:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1426:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1392:
1379:
1367:
1356:
1335:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1303:
1300:
1277:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1259:Gospel of Luke
1252:
1249:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1220:
1204:
1188:
1172:
1156:
1140:
1114:
1113:Interrogatives
1111:
1103:
1100:
1091:
1088:
1067:
1055:
1044:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1012:
1000:
989:
982:
979:
978:
972:
969:
964:
961:
960:
959:
956:
953:
945:
944:Demonstratives
942:
894:interrogatives
873:
870:
869:
868:
831:
815:
799:
778:
775:
766:
763:
731:
730:
713:
692:
675:demonstratives
650:
647:
645:
642:
641:
640:
634:
633:
631:
624:
622:
616:
615:
608:
606:
599:
593:
592:
587:
582:
577:
571:
568:
567:
566:
555:
545:
544:
542:
535:
528:
521:
515:
514:
512:
510:
503:
501:
495:
494:
492:
490:
483:
481:
475:
474:
467:
460:
453:
446:
440:
439:
432:
425:
418:
411:
405:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
378:
375:
373:
370:
364:
363:Modern revival
361:
318:
315:
301:Awabakal is a
298:
297:Classification
295:
260:Lake Macquarie
231:
230:
225:
219:
218:
211:
205:
204:
197:
189:
188:
181:
176:
173:
172:
165:
157:
156:
155:Language codes
152:
151:
150:
149:
146:
143:
138:
134:
133:
131:
130:
129:
128:
127:
126:
125:
124:
100:
98:
91:
88:
87:
84:
78:
77:
64:
60:
59:
53:Lake Macquarie
50:
46:
45:
35:
34:Native to
31:
30:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4704:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4457:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4428:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4402:
4398:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4307:
4303:
4289:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4274:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4252:
4246:
4243:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4230:
4225:
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4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4205:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4198:
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4190:
4188:
4185:
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4182:
4180:
4176:
4170:
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4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4104:
4100:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4045:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4009:
4005:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3987:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3948:
3944:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3908:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3817:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3768:
3763:
3759:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3718:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3648:Adnyamathanha
3646:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3571:
3567:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3504:
3500:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3488:Yabula-Yabula
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3466:
3461:
3457:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3289:Gumbaynggiric
3286:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3236:Gureng Gureng
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3128:
3124:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3075:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2934:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2922:Gugu Yalandyi
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2729:
2727:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2634:
2630:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2584:(or Dharawal)
2579:
2576:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2541:
2538:
2534:
2531:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2507:
2504:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2478:Wallumettagal
2475:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2426:
2422:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2404:Wanggeriburra
2400:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2323:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2288:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2271:
2267:
2264:
2260:
2257:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2159:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1875:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1842:
1837:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1776:0-521-47378-0
1772:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1746:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1699:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1675:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1611:
1610:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1578:
1577:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1524:
1523:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1301:
1298:
1276:
1274:
1273:Lord's Prayer
1271:Below is the
1260:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1225:
1221:
1209:
1205:
1193:
1189:
1177:
1173:
1161:
1157:
1145:
1141:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1070:
1065:
1058:
1053:
1047:
1041:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1010:
1003:
998:
992:
986:
977:
970:
968:
962:
957:
954:
951:
950:
949:
943:
941:
938:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
871:
836:
832:
820:
816:
804:
800:
788:
784:
783:
782:
776:
774:
772:
764:
762:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
733:The default,
719:
714:
702:
697:
693:
681:
676:
672:
671:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
648:
643:
638:
637:
632:
629:
625:
623:
621:
618:
617:
613:
609:
607:
604:
600:
598:
595:
594:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
575:
569:
556:
549:
548:
543:
540:
536:
533:
529:
526:
522:
520:
517:
516:
513:
511:
508:
504:
502:
500:
497:
496:
493:
491:
488:
484:
482:
480:
477:
476:
472:
468:
465:
461:
458:
454:
451:
447:
445:
442:
441:
437:
433:
430:
426:
423:
419:
416:
412:
410:
407:
406:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
382:
376:
371:
369:
362:
360:
358:
353:
348:
346:
342:
338:
337:
332:
323:
316:
314:
312:
309:, within the
308:
304:
296:
294:
292:
288:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
229:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
196:
195:
190:
186:
182:
179:
178:Linguist List
174:
170:
166:
163:
158:
153:
147:
144:
141:
140:
139:
123:
120:
119:
118:
115:
114:
113:
110:
109:
108:
105:
104:
103:
99:
95:
89:
85:
83:
79:
76:
72:
68:
65:
61:
58:
54:
51:
47:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
4552:Anindilyakwa
4312:Pama–Nyungan
4266:Bulloo River
4245:Yandruwandha
4232:Wilson River
4111:Pama–Nyungan
4023:Yindjilandji
3967:Ngumpin–Yapa
3955:Pama–Nyungan
3896:Yindjibarndi
3861:Martuthunira
3770:Pama–Nyungan
3602:Lower Murray
3468:Pama–Nyungan
3347:
3135:Pama–Nyungan
2917:Barrow Point
2502:
2340:Wirraayaraay
2312:Wangaaypuwan
2193:Nhaawuparlku
2067:Gumbaynggirr
1761:
1742:
1738:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1691:
1673:
1667:
1649:
1643:
1614:, retrieved
1608:
1601:
1588:
1581:. Retrieved
1575:
1568:
1560:
1555:
1527:. Retrieved
1521:
1514:
1499:
1489:
1479:
1430:
1420:
1412:21st century
1397:
1387:
1372:
1361:
1340:
1329:
1321:19th century
1316:Bibliography
1307:
1305:
1278:
1270:
1107:Conjunctions
1105:
1102:Conjunctions
1093:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1071:
1059:
1048:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1016:
1004:
993:
974:
966:
947:
937:intransitive
932:" implies a
875:
862:a handful of
780:
768:
755:active voice
732:
655:noun classes
652:
550:Stop sounds
366:
355:
349:
344:
334:
328:
303:Pama–Nyungan
300:
284:
271:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:
192:
121:
102:Pama–Nyungan
18:
4573:Kungarakany
4495:Gunwinyguan
4481:Warndarrang
4281:Barranbinja
4217:Pitta Pitta
4080:Mayi-Kutuna
4044:Kalkatungic
3929:Nyangumarta
3901:Yinhawangka
3711:Ngadjunmaya
3625:Yitha-Yitha
3555:Wemba Wemba
3540:Madhi-Madhi
3535:Ledji-Ledji
3406:Gunaikurnai
3297:Kumbainggar
3058:Mbara-Yanga
3027:Ikarranggal
2875:Wik-Ngathan
2870:Wik-Mungkan
2855:Kugu-Muminh
2592:Wemba Wemba
2554:Madhi Madhi
2544:Gamilaraay
2537:Dyirringany
2510:Bandjalang
2443:Cammeraygal
2333:Wemba-Wemba
2284:Yuwaalaraay
2186:Muthi Muthi
1955:Barranbinya
1850:peoples in
1583:23 November
1529:23 November
1046:minaring+ku
991:kariwang+ku
890:appositions
876:Pronominal
765:Descriptors
519:Approximant
352:John Fraser
4671:Categories
4547:Nunggubuyu
4537:Rembarrnga
4527:Kunbarlang
4471:Mangarrayi
4427:Maningrida
4236:Bundhamara
4222:Wanggamala
4206:Yarluyandi
4075:Mayi-Kulan
4052:Kalkatungu
4029:Warluwarra
4008:Warluwaric
3886:Nyiyaparli
3640:Thura-Yura
3578:Bungandidj
3550:Wathaurong
3432:Bandjalang
3353:Darkinjung
3340:Yuin–Kuric
3320:Gamilaraay
3312:Wiradhuric
3213:Waka–Kabic
3109:Umbindhamu
2975:Yir-Yoront
2959:Ogh-Undjan
2901:Morrobolam
2781:Anguthimri
2776:Andjingith
2668:Queensland
2561:Nganywyana
2520:Darkinjung
2408:Kombumerri
2319:Wanjiwalku
2305:Wandandian
2158:Malyangapa
2130:Kula/Kurnu
2116:Karenggapa
2081:Himberrong
2039:Gandangara
2032:Gamilaraay
2018:Djiringanj
1997:Darkinyung
1983:Bundjalung
1848:Aboriginal
1471:References
1351:2440/61558
930:accusative
926:transitive
842:four, five
771:adjectives
739:absolutive
377:Consonants
107:Yuin–Kuric
4643:Gunindiri
4605:Kayardild
4532:Ngalakgan
4517:Kunwinjku
4445:Gurr-goni
4440:Ndjébbana
4357:Ritharrŋu
4261:Baagandji
4057:Yalarnnga
3998:Warumungu
3990:Warumungu
3919:Karajarri
3833:Mantharta
3810:Yinggarda
3739:Natingero
3734:Kalaamaya
3653:Barngarla
3615:Ngayawung
3545:Wadi-Wadi
3509:Kolakngat
3480:Yotayotic
3401:Dhudhuroa
3393:Gippsland
3373:Ngunnawal
3363:Dhanggati
3330:Wiradjuri
3325:Ngiyambaa
3256:Durubalic
3231:Gabi-Gabi
3221:Barunggam
3165:Warrgamay
3147:Dyirbalic
3068:Walangama
2950:Kok Thawa
2945:Koko-Bera
2937:Southwest
2889:Lamalamic
2880:Wik-Ompom
2865:Wik-Me'nh
2825:Northeast
2806:Ndrangith
2599:Wiradjuri
2582:Tharawal
2575:Ngunnawal
2568:Ngiyambaa
2529:(or Eora)
2457:Gorualgal
2412:Mununjali
2361:Wiradjuri
2354:Wilyakali
2256:Paaruntyi
2249:Paakantyi
2242:Ngunnawal
2235:Ngiyampaa
2200:Nari-Nari
2137:Kuringgai
1892:Kuringgai
1804:, at the
1306:The word
1192:yakowanta
1096:negatives
1090:Negatives
898:negatives
878:enclitics
745:and many
741:. Unlike
552:/p,t,c,k/
372:Phonology
282:peoples.
264:Newcastle
194:Glottolog
162:ISO 639-3
63:Ethnicity
57:Newcastle
43:Australia
4692:Awabakal
4578:Wardaman
4568:Gaagudju
4507:Uwinymil
4276:Muruwari
4164:Kaytetye
4159:Arrernte
3952:Northern
3891:Panyjima
3843:Ngayarta
3790:Badimaya
3678:Ngadjuri
3668:Narungga
3525:Bunurong
3493:Yotayota
3465:Southern
3378:Tharawal
3348:Awabakal
3246:Wuliwuli
3241:Wakawaka
3203:Warrongo
3160:Nyawaygi
3099:Kok Narr
3084:Djabugay
3063:Mbabaram
3046:Southern
2970:Kuuk Yak
2910:Yalanjic
2896:Lamalama
2850:Ayabadhu
2791:Awngthim
2689:Victoria
2682:Tasmania
2627:See also
2613:Yugambeh
2503:Awabakal
2464:Jerrinja
2416:Tulgigin
2396:Yugambeh
2375:Wonnarua
2368:Wodiwodi
2291:Walbunja
2270:Tharawal
2263:Barindji
2179:Muruwari
2151:Kwiambal
2144:Kureinji
2102:Jukambal
2095:Jitajita
2046:Geawegal
2011:Djangadi
1969:Bigambul
1962:Bidjigal
1941:Awabakal
1759:(2002).
1625:citation
1487:(2002).
1449:See also
1240:Examples
1215:why not?
1208:iorakowa
1144:minaring
1057:kariwang
1014:ta+taan?
1002:minaring
922:ergative
902:singular
882:suffixes
803:bulowara
735:unmarked
680:minaring
392:Alveolar
280:Wonnarua
276:Awabakal
252:language
240:Awabagal
236:Awabakal
228:Awabakal
201:awab1243
185:awk.html
145:Geawegal
142:Awabagal
137:Dialects
122:Awabakal
75:Wonnarua
71:Geawegal
67:Awabakal
37:Eastern
24:Awabakal
4630:Garrwan
4597:Tangkic
4583:Wagiman
4522:Dalabon
4450:Nakkara
4435:Burarra
4202:Ngamini
4197:Mithaka
4187:Arabana
4151:Arandic
4108:Central
4034:Yanyuwa
4020:Bularnu
3980:Ngumbin
3975:Ngarrga
3924:Mangala
3911:Marrngu
3876:Nhuwala
3856:Kurrama
3851:Jurruru
3828:Kanyara
3805:Wajarri
3795:Malgana
3767:Western
3744:Nyungar
3729:Galaagu
3721:Nyungic
3706:Mirning
3698:Mirniny
3688:Wirangu
3620:Yaralde
3610:Keramin
3503:Kulinic
3368:Ngarigo
3279:Turrbal
3274:Nunukul
3198:Kingkel
3188:Bidjara
3170:Wulguru
3155:Dyirbal
3132:Eastern
3053:Agwamin
3037:Thaypan
3032:Takalak
3017:Angkula
3012:Alungul
3005:Thaypan
2996:Kuthant
2991:Kurtjar
2860:Pakanha
2801:Mbiywom
2796:Luthigh
2527:Dharug
2471:Ngambri
2450:Gadigal
2402:Clans:
2389:Yaygirr
2347:Wiyabal
2326:Weilwan
2298:Walgalu
2228:Ngarigo
2221:Ngarbal
2214:Ngambaa
2172:Milpulo
2165:Maraura
2109:Galibal
2074:Gweagal
1976:Birrbay
1934:Arakwal
1616:26 June
1176:yakowai
1069:ta+taan
1060:magpie(
994:magpie+
934:passive
920:. The "
777:Numbers
759:subject
743:English
644:Grammar
585:Central
559:/c/,/ɲ/
499:Lateral
409:Plosive
397:Palatal
341:Biraban
317:History
242:or the
209:AIATSIS
148:Wonarua
82:Extinct
4648:Waanyi
4638:Garrwa
4615:Minkin
4610:Lardil
4542:Ngandi
4502:Jawoyn
4383:Bindal
4352:Djinaŋ
4347:Djinba
4337:Dhuwal
4310:Other
4288:Yardli
4192:Diyari
4179:Karnic
4136:Wanman
4131:Ngardi
4085:Ngawun
4016:Wagaya
3881:Nyamal
3866:Ngarla
3800:Nhanda
3683:Nukunu
3663:Kuyani
3658:Kaurna
3442:Yidiny
3427:Anewan
3358:Dharug
3302:Yaygir
3269:Janday
3226:Dappil
3094:Gugadj
2984:Norman
2955:Kunjen
2832:Umpila
2816:Uradhi
2811:Ngkoth
2606:Worimi
2485:Wangal
2382:Worimi
2088:Jeithi
1948:Banbai
1927:Anēwan
1773:
1680:
1656:
1437:
1167:where?
914:person
910:plural
847:(also
787:wakool
757:) the
708:where?
570:Vowels
387:Labial
357:Fraser
254:is an
238:(also
117:Worimi
49:Region
4561:Other
4512:Waray
4486:Yugul
4476:Marra
4466:Alawa
4371:Other
4362:Nhaŋu
4342:Djaŋu
4332:Dhaŋu
4324:Yolŋu
4254:Other
4212:Ngura
3782:Kartu
3570:Drual
3517:Kulin
3420:Other
3383:Wormi
3264:Guwar
3180:Maric
3077:Other
2764:North
2277:Thaua
2207:Ngaku
2004:Darug
1899:Murri
1885:Koori
1539:Scan2
1536:Scan1
1309:Koori
1199:when?
1160:wonta
1151:what?
1128:ngaan
1049:what+
1005:what(
971:Verbs
918:voice
886:verbs
826:three
819:ngoro
718:ngaan
701:wonta
687:what?
667:cases
649:Nouns
597:Close
580:Front
479:Trill
444:Nasal
402:Velar
272:Awaba
4123:Wati
4067:Mayi
3673:Nauo
3630:Yuyu
3193:Biri
2425:Yuin
2025:Eora
1771:ISBN
1678:ISBN
1654:ISBN
1635:link
1631:link
1618:2019
1585:2019
1531:2019
1435:ISBN
1224:wiya
1183:how?
1135:who?
1074:PRES
1072:eat+
1019:PRES
1017:eat+
908:and
906:dual
880:are
835:wara
725:who?
698:and
677:and
663:noun
661:. A
620:Open
590:Back
278:and
262:and
248:HRLM
112:Kuri
2842:Wik
1504:S66
1346:hdl
1062:ABS
1051:ERG
1007:ABS
996:ERG
810:two
794:one
266:in
223:ELP
215:S66
169:awk
4673::
2414:,
2410:,
2406:,
1769:.
1765:.
1627:}}
1623:{{
1545:^
1386:.
1035:2)
980:1)
904:,
896:,
892:,
669:.
293:.
250:)
73:,
69:,
55:,
41:,
2732:e
2725:t
2718:v
1840:e
1833:t
1826:v
1779:.
1732:.
1637:)
1596:)
1592:(
1533:.
1443:.
1407:)
1403:(
1354:.
1348::
1234:'
1228:'
1218:'
1212:'
1202:'
1196:'
1186:'
1180:'
1170:'
1164:'
1154:'
1148:'
1138:'
1132:'
1064:)
1009:)
867:)
865:'
859:'
855:'
849:'
845:'
839:'
829:'
823:'
813:'
807:'
797:'
791:'
728:'
722:'
711:'
705:'
690:'
684:'
628:a
612:u
603:i
565:.
563:,
539:j
532:Éą
525:w
507:l
487:r
471:Ĺ‹
464:ɲ
457:n
450:m
436:k
429:c
422:t
415:p
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