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45:
522:. The king named the boy Manikantha and raised him his own son, on the advice of an ascetic. When Manikantha was 12 years old, the king wanted to formally anoit him as the heir. However, the queen objected to it, favoring her younger biological child. The queen feigned an illness, asking for the milk of a tiger to cure her illness and demanded that Manikantha be sent to obtain the same. He volunteered and went into the forest and returned back riding a tigress. He confronted and defeated the
780:
from Arabia, who works with him. A mosque dedicated to Vavar stands next to the
Kadutha swami shrine at the foot of the pilgrimage path, both as a form of guardian deities. Pilgrims offer a prayer to both, before beginning the trek towards Sabarimala. According to Kent, the mosque does not contain mortal remains of Vavar though the mosque near Sabarimala includes a grave, and no one can date Vavar nor provide when and where he lived, so he may be a myth. The Vavar legend and
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481:. In some representations, he is seen holding an upraised bow in his left hand, while holding either an arrow or sword in his right hand placed diagonally across his left thigh. Other iconography generally shows him in a yogic posture wearing a bell around his neck. In some representations, such as in
526:
Mahishi. Mahishi wanted to be his wife but
Ayyappa being celibate, refused the offer and killed the demoness. The king realised his special ability and recognised him to be a divine being and resolved to make a shrine for him. Manikantha transforms into Ayyappa and shoots an arrow to denote the place
530:
There are minor variations in the story in certain versions with
Ayyappa renouncing the kingdom and becoming an ascetic yogi in a forested mountain. In another version, he is described as the son of the king's sister, who was born in the forest and sent to his uncle later. When the shrine of Sastha
779:
due to his association with Vavar. In this mythology, Ayyappa confronts the plunder-driven pirate robber Vavar in the jungle with
Ayyappa defeating Vavar, who then becomes Ayyappa's trusted lieutenant helping fight other pirates and robbers. In another version, Vavar is stated to be a Muslim saint
575:
and traditions inspired Hindu yogi mercenaries who protected the trade routes in South India from criminals and helped restore
Dharmic trading practices. In another version, he is portrayed as a child of a priest whose father was murdered by a fearsome outlaw. The outlaw kidnaps a princess and he
748:. While Ayyappa temples typically show him as a celibate yogi, a few temples such as the one at Achankovil Sastha Temple depict him as a married man with two wives Poorna and Pushkala, as well as a son Satyaka. Some of Ayyappa temples are believed to have been established by
546:
and Leela came to earth as humans. Datta wanted to return to the divine realm, but Leela enjoyed her life on earth and wanted to stay on earth. He became angry and cursed her to become a
Mahishi (water buffalo demoness). Leela in turn cursed him to become
686:(a bag with two compartments containing offerings) on the head. Then they climb the 18 steps in front of the shrine, each representing a dharmic value. The priests and devotees bring flowers and scatter them near the shrine while chanting various
279:. In the later years, the stories of Ayyappan expanded with various versions describing him as a warrior who protected people from evil doers while helping restore Dharmic practices and he evolved to be a deity. In some regions, Ayyappan and
570:
In the later years, the stories of
Ayyappan expanded. One such version has roots between the 1st and 3rd century CE, where he evolved to be a deity who protected traders and merchants from enemies such as robbers and plundering outlaws. His
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310:, and is a major pilgrimage destination, attracting millions annually. Pilgrims often engage in weeks of preparations in advance by leading a simpler life, remaining celibate, and trekking to the hill on barefoot while carrying an
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Pilgrims often begin preparations weeks in advance by leading a simpler life, remaining celibate, eating a vegetarian diet or partially fasting and wearing a black or blue dress. These weeks of rituals are termed as
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According to Eliza Kent, the legends in the
Ayyappa tradition seem to be "artificially mixed and assembled into a kind of collage". Ruth Vanita suggests that Ayyappan probably emerged from the fusion of a
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469:, the ethical and right way of living, to deploy his military genius and daring yogic war abilities to destroy those who are powerful but unethical, abusive and arbitrary. He is usually represented as a
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555:, while Mahishi was killed by Ayyapan, ending the terror of evil and liberating Leela who was previously cursed. These legends syncretically linked and combined various Hindu traditions around
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at
Sabarimala was destroyed by the king's enemies, he defeated them, re-installed the statue and disappeared into it. In some versions, he was raised by a childless royal couple Rajashekara
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mala. The pilgrims do not recognize any form of social or economic discrimination and form a fraternity treating each other as equals. The pilgrims call each other by the same name
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According to Paul
Younger, supplementary legends appeared in the late medieval times that linked other Hindu deities and mythologies to Ayyappan. The divine beings
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690:. As the deity is believed to be celibate, women in their fertile age are not allowed to enter the shrine. The most significant festival linked to him is the
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Ayyappan remains one of the few deities in Hindu tradition, who is respected by other religious communities, including Muslims, and Christians. As per
507:, he is mentioned as an incarnation of Hariharaputra, the son of Shiva and Mohini. While this interaction between Shiva and Mohini is mentioned in the
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shrines may reflect the Hindu approach to accepting and co-opting legendary figures or saints of other religions within its fold.
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god of tribal provenance and the Puranic story of Shiva and Mohini's interaction. In some regions, Ayyappan and Tamil folk deity
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647:. It is a major pilgrimage center, attracting millions of Hindus every year. The temple is open only on select days of a year.
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Lord father ... ā Ay, Ayya, is an honorific title among the Dravidians, frequently affixed to proper names, ...
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meaning "God". The pilgrims bath in the Pamba river and embark on a trek to the top of the hill on barefoot while carrying an
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The legend and mythology of Ayyappan varies across regions, reflecting a tradition that evolved over time. According to the
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makes a daring rescue killing the outlaw in the process. In a variation of the story, Ayyappan forms an alliance with the
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The legend and mythology of Ayyappan varies across regions, reflecting a tradition that evolved over time. According to
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are considered to be the same with similar characteristics and is cited as a reason for his large following amongst
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with the name Ayyappan connoting as "lord-father". The name could have also been derived from the combination of
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Indian Antiquary: A Journal of Oriental Research in Archaeology, History, Literature, Languages, Folklore
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deity of truth and righteousness. According to Hindu theology, he is described as the son of
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518:. As the royal family was childless, the king of Pandalam found a baby boy on the banks of
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268:. Other iconography generally shows him in a yogic posture wearing a bell around his neck.
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1087:. International Seminar on Aryan and Non-Aryan in South Asia. Harvard oriental series:
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hillock in the Western Ghats, a ritual lighting of a large flame is carried out during
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Beyond Boundaries: Hindu-Christian Relationship and Basic Christian Communities
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According to Malayalam folklore, Ayyappan is presented as a warrior prince of
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2516:"Sabarimala Temple was Buddhist temple, Kerala government informs High Court"
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and then in the Hindu temple before starting a pilgrimage to Ayyappa shrine.
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Early Tamil Epigraphy from the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D.
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against the outlaw Udayanan, which forms the basis for worshiping both in a
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and Buddha was known by the same name, meaning teacher. He is also known as
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whose presiding deity is Ayyappan, the most prominent shrine is located at
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2560:"Before arriving at Sabarimala temple in Kerala, devotees visit a mosque"
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1091:. Vol. 3 (reprint ed.). University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI:
1084:
Aryan and non-Aryan in south Asia: Evidence, interpretation, and ideology
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702:
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2270:"Saraswati Puja celebrated at Mahalingapuram Ayyappan temple in Chennai"
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A number of Indian films have been made about Ayyappan. These include:
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465:
Ayyappan is a warrior deity and is revered for his ascetic devotion to
284:
248:
Ayyappan is a warrior deity and is revered for his ascetic devotion to
2917:
Playing Host to Deity: Festival Religion in the South Indian Tradition
433:, the names given to Vishnu and Shiva respectively. He is also called
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260:. In some representations, he is seen holding a sword and riding an
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composed in praise of Shiva but sung as a lullaby for Ayyappan.
536:
106:
5113:
3478:
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3506:
2166:"This Sabarimala season, an updated lullaby for Lord Ayyappan"
1081:
Bronkhorst, Johannes; Deshpande, Madhav (25ā27 October 1996).
2428:
The man who was a woman and other queer tales from Hindu lore
2040:"Mandala Puja 2022: All you need to know about Mandala Kalam"
2792:
The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths
1853:"ÅÄsta Cult in Travancore. Is It a Relic of Buddhism ?"
287:
are considered to be the same with similar characteristics.
5109:
3567:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1763:
1761:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1053:
A Grammar of the Malayalam Language in Historical Treatment
2362:"Onam 2023: Devotees throng Ayyappan Temple in Coimbatore"
1575:
Denise Cush; Catherine A. Robinson; Michael York (2008).
2541:
2539:
2332:"1008 sanga-abhisekam at Sri Ayyappan Temple on June 10"
1539:
1537:
1535:
623:
Although Ayyappan worship has been prevalent earlier in
290:
Although Ayyappan worship has been prevalent earlier in
987:
985:
627:, his popularity spread in the 20th century to most of
294:, his popularity spread in the 20th century to most of
932:. The story of Ayyappan was adapted as a comic in the
2300:"Hundreds of kids get ready for Vidyarambham in city"
1795:
Same-Sex Love in India: Readings in Indian Literature
1341:
On Being Buddha: The classical doctrine of Buddhahood
2394:
Theerthayathra: A Pilgrimage Through Various Temples
1957:
Religion and the Legitimation of Power in South Asia
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1317:
1315:
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Pilgrimage Studies: Sacred places, sacred traditions
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1267:. Society of Pilgrimage Studies. pp. 136ā137.
694:, observed around the winter solstice.</ref>
449:, translating to the wearer of a bell on the neck.
275:lore, Ayyappan is presented as a warrior prince of
185:
175:
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160:
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138:
126:
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2817:Lines in Water: Religious Boundaries in South Asia
2619:
2594:Lines in Water: Religious Boundaries in South Asia
461:A painting of Ayyapppan in a seated yogic position
2206:"5 Temples Part of Sabarimala Pilgrimage Circuit"
1431:KalÄdarÅana: American Studies in the Art of India
724:in Kerala. Temples at Tamil Nadu are located in
322:The name Ayyappan is a combination of two words
860:(2007) by Irajaral Bhakhta and V. Swaminathan,
511:, he is not mentioned by the name of Ayyappa.
2680:"Story Time For The Kids - Vighnaharta Ganesh"
1954:Fred Clothey (1978). Bardwell L. Smith (ed.).
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
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19:"Ayyappa" redirects here. For other uses, see
5125:
3490:
2974:
2618:Rajadhyaksha, Ashish; Willemen, Paul (1999).
2597:. Syracuse University Press. pp. 84ā88.
2484:"The light on Markarsamkarama day an 'aarti'"
866:(2012) by Chetan Sharma and Mahesh Vettiyar,
8:
2892:The Åabarimalai Pilgrimage and Ayyappan Cult
1186:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
918:(2023). The story of Ayyappa is dictated by
639:on the banks of river Pamba in the hills of
1570:
1568:
5504:
5132:
5118:
5110:
4444:
4239:
3812:
3782:
3550:
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1857:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
535:and Koperundevi, and grew up as a warrior
43:
2094:Fluid Signs: Being a Person the Tamil Way
1921:Encyclopaedia of Hindu Gods and Goddesses
1218:Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2006).
1002:
1000:
413:as Ayyappan is seen as an incarnation of
405:, meaning "ruler of the realm". The word
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1636:Pashu: Animal Tales from Hindu Mythology
1991:
1767:
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1662:
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1617:
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767:Vavar's mosque on the way to Sabarimala
2004:
2002:
2000:
1397:Mysore Narasimhachar Srinivas (2002).
1179:
358:titles. He is described as the son of
27:
2867:Gods & Goddesses of Ancient India
2312:from the original on 24 December 2023
2148:
2060:from the original on 15 December 2023
1901:
1834:
1555:
1465:
1368:
1321:
1302:
1050:Andronov, Mikhail Sergeevich (1996).
915:Malikappuram: Apathbandhavan Ayyappan
237:, thus representing a bridge between
7:
2545:
2280:from the original on 25 January 2023
2078:
1779:
1095:(published 1999). pp. 177ā178.
350:is also used to denote "father"; in
314:(a bag with offerings) on the head.
5094:
2218:from the original on 5 October 2023
2186:from the original on 3 October 2022
1883:from the original on 30 August 2023
1792:Ruth Vanita; Saleem Kidwai (2000).
1682:from the original on 24 August 2017
1428:Williams, Joanna Gottfried (1981).
882:(2019) by Rudrapatla Venugopal and
497:Theology and historical development
378:with the former meaning "revered".
1599:from the original on 21 April 2023
1346:State University of New York Press
894:launched a Malayalam series named
631:. While there are many temples in
14:
2872:Britannica Educational Publishing
2765:from the original on 20 June 2024
2735:from the original on 25 July 2024
2714:Ayyappan: The Lord of Shabarimala
2572:from the original on 25 July 2024
2496:from the original on 25 July 2024
2372:from the original on 25 July 2024
2342:from the original on 25 July 2024
1816:from the original on 25 July 2024
1704:Historical Dictionary of Hinduism
1520:from the original on 25 July 2024
936:of the Indian comic book series,
302:is located on the banks of river
5801:
5792:
5791:
5267:
5093:
5083:
5074:
5073:
5062:
3767:
3513:
3505:
3132:
2946:
2660:from the original on 31 May 2022
2018:. Random House. pp. 13ā14.
1010:Sabarimala: Its timeless message
718:Erumely Sree Dharmasastha Temple
670:which is signified by wearing a
409:could have also be derived from
5063:
2246:. 17 April 2003. Archived from
4988:Relations with other religions
2897:Motilal Banarsidass Publishers
2622:Encyclopaedia of Indian cinema
2099:University of California Press
1924:. Sarup and Sons. p. 28.
1504:Motilal Banarsidass Publishers
1496:"The MÄyÄ of the Gods: Mohini"
1149:Kittel, F., Rev. (June 1872).
1013:. Integral Books. p. 37.
900:in 2006. Other series include
37:God of truth and righteousness
1:
2648:"Ayyappan now in toon avatar"
2626:. "Brit"tish Film Institute.
844:(1992) by Guda Rama Krishna,
2091:E. Valentine Daniel (1987).
1851:Pillai, V. Narayana (1939).
1007:Srikant, C.V. Manoj (1998).
906:Sabarimala Shri Dharmashasta
354:both words are also used as
49:Ayyappa(n) seated on a tiger
2711:Shyamala Mahadevan (1975).
2128:. Jaico. pp. 416ā419.
1338:Griffiths, Paul J. (1994).
854:Jai Hari Hara Putra Ayyappa
5859:
722:Kulathupuzha Sastha Temple
453:Iconography and depictions
18:
5787:
5468:Festivals and observances
5308:Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta
5265:
5147:
5060:
3815:
3765:
3523:
3454:
3130:
2822:Syracuse University Press
2238:"Where service is divine"
2015:India: A Sacred Geography
1159:Austrian National Library
846:Swami Ayappa Shabarimalai
830:(1990) by Renuka Sharma,
42:
35:
5727:Meenakshi Sundareshwarar
5287:Shvetashvatara Upanishad
4132:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
3438:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
2125:Spiritual India Handbook
1918:Chandra, Suresh (1998).
1701:Jeffery D. Long (2011).
1675:Encyclopaedia Britannica
1670:"Ayyappan ā Hindu deity"
1578:Encyclopedia of Hinduism
1494:Goudriaan, Teun (1978).
1224:Encyclopedia of Hinduism
1058:Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
910:Sabarimala Swami Ayappan
888:(2023) by Vishnu Mohan.
842:Ayyappa Deeksha Mahimalu
710:Achankovil Sastha Temple
616:Dharma Sastha temple at
485:, he is shown riding an
21:Ayyappa (disambiguation)
4211:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
2922:Oxford University Press
2889:Sekar, Radhika (1992).
2456:Maria A. David (2009).
1405:Oxford University Press
827:Sabarimala Sri Ayyappan
822:Shiv Putra Swami Ayappa
714:Aryankavu Sastha Temple
81:SvÄmiye Åaraį¹am Ayyappa
5608:Tiruvanaikaval (Water)
4186:Eighteen Greater Texts
2914:Younger, Paul (2002).
2839:Kumar, Pratap (2014).
2789:Dalal, Roshen (2010).
2521:The New Indian Express
2399:Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
2391:K. Srikumaran (2005).
2211:The New Indian Express
2122:Stephen Knapp (2009).
1126:University of Michigan
926:in the Indian TV show
870:(2015) by K. Sharath,
838:Ayyappa Swamy Mahatyam
836:(1990) by Dasarathan,
820:(1987) by Dasarathan,
816:(1980) by Dasarathan,
768:
708:Other temples include
662:
620:
462:
421:, meaning the "son of
397:, he is referenced as
306:in the forests of the
5603:Tiruvannamalai (Fire)
4939:Hindu gurus and sants
4191:Eighteen Lesser Texts
2864:Laser, Tammy (2014).
2842:Contemporary Hinduism
2401:. pp. 103, 120.
2308:. 29 September 2017.
1500:MÄyÄ divine and human
1171:Ayyappa (Ayya-Appa)ā
1151:"Coorg superstitions"
824:(1990) by P.S. Mani,
798:S. M. Sriramulu Naidu
766:
653:
615:
460:
5585:Pancha Bhuta Sthalam
4929:Anti-Hindu sentiment
2955:at Wikimedia Commons
2847:Routledge Publishing
2814:Kent, Eliza (2013).
2558:Kumar, KP Narayana.
2462:. ISPCK. p. 9.
2174:. 19 November 2017.
2101:. pp. 244ā262.
2048:. 17 November 2022.
1643:. pp. 109ā111.
1261:Dubey, D.P. (1995).
1117:Mahadevan, Iravatham
902:Swami Ayyappan Saram
872:Sri Omkara Ayyappane
833:Engal Swamy Ayyappan
818:Arul Tharum Ayyappan
773:Government of Kerala
738:Rajah Annamalaipuram
362:(the female form of
5833:Regional Hindu gods
5613:Kanchipuram (Earth)
5598:Tirukalahasti (Air)
5593:Chidambaram (Ether)
5294:Shivarahasya Purana
5035:Hinduism by country
4201:Iraiyanar Akapporul
4161:TirumurukÄį¹į¹uppaį¹ai
2692:on 31 December 2019
2591:Eliza Kent (2013).
2214:. 18 January 2016.
1800:Springer Publishing
1228:Infobase Publishing
929:Vighnaharta Ganesha
868:Om Sharanam Ayyappa
794:Sabarimala Ayyappan
318:Names and etymology
5712:Kailash Mansarovar
5417:Pashupata Shaivism
5395:Hara Hara Mahadeva
2565:The Economic Times
2524:. 12 November 2018
2492:. 7 January 2012.
2423:Pattanaik, Devdutt
2368:. 29 August 2023.
2305:The Times of India
2276:. 8 October 2019.
2045:The Times of India
1506:. pp. 42ā43.
1093:Harvard University
769:
663:
654:Pilgrims carrying
621:
463:
394:Srimad Bhagavatham
5843:Children of Shiva
5815:
5814:
5745:
5744:
5107:
5106:
4883:
4882:
4436:
4435:
4229:
4228:
4143:Sangam literature
4099:YÄjƱavalkya Smį¹ti
3947:
3946:
3763:
3762:
3472:
3471:
2951:Media related to
2931:978-0-195-14044-6
2906:978-8-120-81056-3
2881:978-1-622-75391-8
2856:978-1-317-54635-1
2831:978-0-815-65225-0
2806:978-0-143-41517-6
2759:Amar Chitra Katha
2728:978-8-184-82016-4
2719:Amar Chitra Katha
2604:978-0-8156-5225-0
2469:978-8-184-65001-3
2442:978-1-317-76630-8
2408:978-8-172-76363-3
2135:978-8-184-95024-3
2108:978-0-520-06167-5
2025:978-0-385-53191-7
1994:, pp. 18ā23.
1971:978-9-004-05674-9
1931:978-8-176-25039-9
1809:978-1-137-05480-7
1770:, pp. 21ā22.
1755:, pp. 20ā21.
1734:, pp. 17ā21.
1718:978-0-810-87960-7
1650:978-8-184-75692-0
1631:Devdutt Pattanaik
1620:, pp. 18ā19.
1592:978-0-700-71267-0
1513:978-81-208-2389-1
1484:, pp. 18ā25.
1414:978-0-195-65174-4
1387:, pp. 21ā25.
1355:978-0-791-42127-7
1274:978-8-190-05201-6
1237:978-0-816-07564-5
1135:978-0-674-01227-1
1102:978-1-888-78904-1
1067:978-3-447-03811-9
1020:978-8-186-10712-6
960:Maalikapurathamma
938:Amar Chitra Katha
880:Ayyappa Kataksham
777:Muslims in Kerala
527:for the shrine.
473:young man with a
441:meaning bell and
425:" as a fusion of
208:
207:
5850:
5805:
5795:
5794:
5505:
5449:Siddha Siddhanta
5412:Shaiva Siddhanta
5339:Om Namah Shivaya
5271:
5134:
5127:
5120:
5111:
5097:
5096:
5087:
5077:
5076:
5066:
5065:
4976:Pilgrimage sites
4730:Ganesh Chaturthi
4445:
4240:
4221:Vedarthasamgraha
4216:Vinayagar Agaval
4181:Five Great Epics
4156:Divya Prabandham
4069:Minor Upanishads
3813:
3783:
3771:
3770:
3551:
3517:
3509:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3476:
3136:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2960:
2950:
2935:
2910:
2885:
2860:
2835:
2810:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2688:. Archived from
2676:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2656:. 20 June 2012.
2644:
2638:
2637:
2625:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2555:
2549:
2548:, p. 81-86.
2543:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2162:
2156:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2088:
2082:
2081:, p. 14-15.
2076:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2006:
1995:
1989:
1976:
1975:
1964:. pp. 3ā9.
1962:Brill Publishers
1951:
1936:
1935:
1915:
1909:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1848:
1842:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1789:
1783:
1782:, p. 80-83.
1777:
1771:
1765:
1756:
1750:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1666:
1655:
1654:
1627:
1621:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1572:
1563:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1463:
1450:
1449:
1436:Brill Publishers
1425:
1419:
1418:
1400:Collected Essays
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1335:
1329:
1319:
1310:
1300:
1279:
1278:
1258:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1215:
1192:
1191:
1185:
1177:
1168:
1166:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1047:
1041:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1004:
995:
989:
858:Bhagwaan Ayyappa
509:Bhagavata Purana
445:meaning neck in
383:Hindu scriptures
346:means "father".
338:and the similar
213:, also known as
146:Brahmanda Purana
47:
28:
5858:
5857:
5853:
5852:
5851:
5849:
5848:
5847:
5818:
5817:
5816:
5811:
5783:
5741:
5737:Vadakkum Nathan
5690:
5617:
5579:
5541:
5532:Madhyamaheshwar
5494:
5480:Maha Shivaratri
5463:
5400:
5353:MahÄmrityunjaya
5320:
5272:
5263:
5220:Ardhanarishvara
5154:
5143:
5138:
5108:
5103:
5070:
5056:
4879:
4848:
4839:Vasant Panchami
4773:Pahela Baishakh
4755:Makar Sankranti
4674:
4609:
4516:
4432:
4335:
4225:
4206:Abhirami Antati
4176:Kamba Ramayanam
4137:
4023:
3980:
3943:
3865:
3839:
3802:
3772:
3759:
3743:Vishishtadvaita
3680:
3540:
3519:
3503:
3473:
3468:
3464:Hindu mythology
3450:
3361:
3279:
3137:
3128:
2996:
2987:
2943:
2938:
2932:
2913:
2907:
2888:
2882:
2863:
2857:
2838:
2832:
2813:
2807:
2788:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2768:
2766:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2729:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2695:
2693:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2663:
2661:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2634:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2605:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2575:
2573:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2544:
2537:
2527:
2525:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2499:
2497:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2470:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2443:
2435:. p. 127.
2421:
2420:
2416:
2409:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2375:
2373:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2345:
2343:
2338:. 31 May 2022.
2330:
2329:
2325:
2315:
2313:
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2293:
2283:
2281:
2268:
2267:
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2253:
2251:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2221:
2219:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2189:
2187:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2077:
2073:
2063:
2061:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2008:
2007:
1998:
1990:
1979:
1972:
1953:
1952:
1939:
1932:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1900:
1896:
1886:
1884:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1817:
1810:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1778:
1774:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1738:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1709:Scarecrow Press
1700:
1699:
1695:
1685:
1683:
1668:
1667:
1658:
1651:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1593:
1574:
1573:
1566:
1554:
1550:
1542:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1514:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1480:
1476:
1464:
1453:
1446:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1415:
1407:. p. 352.
1396:
1395:
1391:
1383:
1379:
1367:
1363:
1356:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1320:
1313:
1301:
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1240:
1238:
1217:
1216:
1195:
1178:
1164:
1162:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1136:
1128:. p. 106.
1115:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1032:
1028:
1021:
1006:
1005:
998:
990:
983:
978:
946:
813:Saranam Ayyappa
790:
788:Popular culture
610:
516:Pandala kingdom
499:
487:Indian elephant
455:
320:
277:Pandala kingdom
262:Indian elephant
233:in the form of
204:
181:
50:
38:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5856:
5854:
5846:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5828:Fertility gods
5820:
5819:
5813:
5812:
5810:
5809:
5799:
5788:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5765:
5764:
5753:
5751:
5750:Related topics
5747:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5707:Brihadeeswarar
5704:
5698:
5696:
5692:
5691:
5689:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5666:Ramanathaswamy
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5627:
5625:
5619:
5618:
5616:
5615:
5610:
5605:
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5595:
5589:
5587:
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5578:
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5493:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5471:
5469:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5461:
5459:Shaiva Smartas
5456:
5451:
5446:
5444:Veera Shaivism
5441:
5439:Trika Shaivism
5436:
5435:
5434:
5429:
5419:
5414:
5408:
5406:
5402:
5401:
5399:
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5015:
5010:
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5000:
4995:
4985:
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4909:
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4885:
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4856:
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4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4705:
4703:Raksha Bandhan
4700:
4695:
4690:
4684:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4645:
4644:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4526:
4524:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4453:
4451:
4442:
4438:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4345:
4343:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4333:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4248:
4246:
4237:
4231:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4147:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4136:
4135:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4044:
4039:
4033:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3990:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3957:
3955:
3949:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3914:Shvetashvatara
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3889:Brihadaranyaka
3886:
3881:
3875:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3816:
3810:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3789:
3787:
3786:Classification
3780:
3774:
3773:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3757:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3739:
3732:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3690:
3688:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3596:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3559:
3557:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3530:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3479:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3418:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3373:
3371:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3293:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3147:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3006:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2942:
2941:External links
2939:
2937:
2936:
2930:
2911:
2905:
2886:
2880:
2861:
2855:
2836:
2830:
2811:
2805:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2746:
2727:
2703:
2671:
2639:
2632:
2610:
2603:
2583:
2550:
2535:
2507:
2475:
2468:
2448:
2441:
2414:
2407:
2383:
2353:
2336:Mylapore Times
2323:
2291:
2261:
2250:on 30 May 2004
2229:
2197:
2157:
2141:
2134:
2114:
2107:
2083:
2071:
2031:
2024:
1996:
1977:
1970:
1937:
1930:
1910:
1894:
1843:
1827:
1808:
1802:. p. 94.
1784:
1772:
1757:
1736:
1724:
1717:
1711:. p. 78.
1693:
1656:
1649:
1622:
1610:
1591:
1585:. p. 78.
1564:
1548:
1531:
1512:
1486:
1474:
1451:
1444:
1438:. p. 72.
1420:
1413:
1389:
1377:
1361:
1354:
1348:. p. 64.
1330:
1311:
1280:
1273:
1250:
1236:
1230:. p. 58.
1193:
1141:
1134:
1108:
1101:
1073:
1066:
1060:. p. 49.
1042:
1026:
1019:
996:
980:
979:
977:
974:
973:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
945:
942:
897:Swami Ayyappan
863:Swami Ayyappan
808:P. Subramaniam
803:Swami Ayyappan
789:
786:
754:Ponnambalamedu
730:Mahalingapuram
629:Southern India
609:
606:
498:
495:
454:
451:
419:Hariharasudhan
319:
316:
296:Southern India
256:and holding a
206:
205:
203:
202:
196:
189:
187:
183:
182:
179:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
154:
150:
149:
142:
136:
135:
130:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
104:
98:
97:
88:
84:
83:
78:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
51:
48:
40:
39:
36:
33:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5855:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5808:
5804:
5800:
5798:
5790:
5789:
5786:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5758:
5755:
5754:
5752:
5748:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5693:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5676:Trimbakeshwar
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5651:Mahakaleshwar
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5628:
5626:
5624:
5620:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5586:
5582:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5548:
5547:Pancha Sabhai
5544:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5510:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5500:Shiva temples
5497:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5466:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5454:Shiva Advaita
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5407:
5403:
5397:
5396:
5392:
5390:
5389:
5388:Shiva Mahimna
5385:
5383:
5382:
5378:
5376:
5375:
5371:
5369:
5368:
5364:
5362:
5361:
5360:Shiva Tandava
5357:
5355:
5354:
5350:
5348:
5347:
5343:
5341:
5340:
5336:
5335:
5333:
5331:
5327:
5323:
5317:
5316:
5312:
5310:
5309:
5305:
5303:
5302:
5298:
5296:
5295:
5291:
5289:
5288:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5275:
5270:
5260:
5257:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5178:Dakshinamurti
5176:
5174:
5171:
5170:
5169:
5166:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5152:
5146:
5142:
5135:
5130:
5128:
5123:
5121:
5116:
5115:
5112:
5100:
5092:
5090:
5086:
5082:
5080:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5059:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5040:Hindu temples
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4990:
4989:
4986:
4982:
4979:
4978:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4965:
4962:
4961:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4944:Hindu studies
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4914:Denominations
4912:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4724:
4723:Vijayadashami
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4681:
4677:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4646:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4616:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4540:Simantonayana
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4519:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4443:
4439:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4140:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4127:
4126:Yoga Vasistha
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4037:Bhagavad Gita
4035:
4034:
4032:
4030:
4026:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3977:
3976:Sthapatyaveda
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3872:
3868:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3756:
3752:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3500:
3495:
3493:
3488:
3486:
3481:
3480:
3477:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3453:
3447:
3446:
3442:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3430:
3429:Bhagavad Gita
3426:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3364:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3284:Other deities
3282:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
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3008:
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2990:Hindu deities
2984:
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2797:Penguin Books
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2017:
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2011:
2005:
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1546:, p. 18.
1545:
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1016:
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1003:
1001:
997:
994:, p. 21.
993:
988:
986:
982:
975:
971:
968:
966:
965:Makara Jyothi
963:
961:
958:
956:
955:Harivarasanam
953:
951:
948:
947:
943:
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921:
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809:
805:
804:
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795:
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785:
783:
778:
774:
765:
761:
759:
758:Makaravilakku
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
706:
704:
701:
697:
696:Harivarasanam
693:
692:Makaravilakku
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
661:
657:
652:
648:
646:
642:
641:Western Ghats
638:
634:
630:
626:
619:
614:
607:
605:
603:
599:
595:
589:
587:
583:
579:
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534:
528:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
506:
505:
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494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:bow and arrow
472:
468:
459:
452:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:
390:
389:
388:Vishnu Purana
384:
379:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
317:
315:
313:
309:
308:Western Ghats
305:
301:
297:
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
258:bow and arrow
255:
251:
246:
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236:
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224:
220:
216:
212:
200:
197:
194:
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184:
178:
174:
169:
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165:Makaravilakku
163:
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155:
151:
148:
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143:
141:
137:
134:
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129:
125:
122:
119:
115:
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111:bow and arrow
108:
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91:Bow and arrow
89:
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82:
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77:
73:
70:
67:
63:
60:
57:
53:
46:
41:
34:
29:
26:
22:
5732:Tiruchengode
5636:Grishneshwar
5631:Bhimashankar
5623:Jyotirlingas
5475:Kanwar Yatra
5393:
5386:
5379:
5372:
5365:
5358:
5351:
5346:Rudrashtakam
5344:
5337:
5313:
5306:
5301:Shiva Purana
5299:
5292:
5285:
5149:
5050:Architecture
4653:Brahmacharya
4595:Samavartanam
4560:Annaprashana
4426:
4329:
4130:
4084:DharmaÅÄstra
4074:Arthashastra
3909:Maitrayaniya
3741:
3734:
3727:
3649:Brahmacharya
3443:
3436:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3338:Gramadevatas
3272:
3121:
2916:
2891:
2866:
2841:
2816:
2791:
2782:Bibliography
2767:. Retrieved
2749:
2737:. Retrieved
2713:
2706:
2694:. Retrieved
2690:the original
2683:
2674:
2662:. Retrieved
2651:
2642:
2621:
2613:
2593:
2586:
2574:. Retrieved
2563:
2553:
2526:. Retrieved
2519:
2510:
2498:. Retrieved
2487:
2478:
2458:
2451:
2427:
2417:
2393:
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2365:
2356:
2344:. Retrieved
2335:
2326:
2314:. Retrieved
2303:
2294:
2282:. Retrieved
2273:
2264:
2252:. Retrieved
2248:the original
2241:
2232:
2220:. Retrieved
2209:
2200:
2188:. Retrieved
2169:
2160:
2144:
2124:
2117:
2093:
2086:
2074:
2062:. Retrieved
2043:
2034:
2014:
1992:Younger 2002
1956:
1920:
1913:
1897:
1885:. Retrieved
1860:
1856:
1846:
1830:
1818:. Retrieved
1794:
1787:
1775:
1768:Younger 2002
1753:Younger 2002
1732:Younger 2002
1727:
1703:
1696:
1684:. Retrieved
1673:
1635:
1625:
1618:Younger 2002
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1577:
1551:
1544:Younger 2002
1522:. Retrieved
1499:
1489:
1482:Younger 2002
1477:
1430:
1423:
1399:
1392:
1385:Younger 2002
1380:
1364:
1340:
1333:
1263:
1241:. Retrieved
1223:
1182:cite journal
1172:
1170:
1163:. Retrieved
1154:
1144:
1121:
1111:
1089:Opera minora
1088:
1083:
1076:
1052:
1045:
1034:Younger 2002
1029:
1009:
992:Younger 2002
970:Karuppuswamy
927:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
890:
885:Malikappuram
883:
879:
871:
867:
861:
857:
853:
845:
841:
837:
831:
825:
821:
817:
811:
801:
793:
791:
781:
770:
707:
700:Manipravalam
683:
679:
667:
664:
655:
622:
590:
569:
541:
529:
513:
508:
502:
500:
479:bengal tiger
464:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
418:
406:
402:
399:Dharmasastha
398:
392:
386:
380:
375:
371:
347:
343:
331:
327:
323:
321:
311:
298:. His abode
289:
270:
254:Bengal tiger
247:
218:
215:Dharmasastha
214:
210:
209:
144:
80:
25:
5779:Other names
5661:Omkareshwar
5646:Mallikarjun
5509:Panch Kedar
5381:Shri Rudram
5367:Sahasranama
5099:WikiProject
4971:Persecution
4959:Nationalism
4949:Iconography
4829:Ratha Yatra
4740:Janmashtami
4735:Rama Navami
4663:Vanaprastha
4614:Varnashrama
4590:Ritushuddhi
4575:Vidyarambha
4565:Chudakarana
4555:Nishkramana
4530:Garbhadhana
4171:Thirukkural
4166:Thiruppugal
4094:NÄradasmį¹ti
4057:Mahabharata
3835:Atharvaveda
3713:Vaisheshika
3600:Puruį¹£Ärthas
3422:Mahabharata
3333:Kuladevatas
3112:Vishvakarma
2696:31 December
2190:25 December
2064:15 December
2010:Diana L Eck
1863:: 230ā240.
934:673rd issue
912:(2019) and
876:Sai Prakash
750:Parashurama
633:South India
561:Vaishnavism
520:Pamba River
477:, riding a
283:folk deity
243:Vaishnavism
55:Affiliation
16:Hindu deity
5822:Categories
5762:Rasalingam
5686:Vishwanath
5681:Vaidyanath
5537:Kalpeshwar
5490:Shiva Puja
5405:Traditions
5203:Tatpurusha
4800:Kumbh Mela
4768:Gudi Padwa
4713:Durga Puja
4698:Shivaratri
4570:Karnavedha
4550:Namakarana
4512:Tirthatana
4279:Dattatreya
4116:Subhashita
4089:Manusmriti
3966:Dhanurveda
3899:Taittiriya
3884:Kaushitaki
3871:Upanishads
3644:Aparigraha
3546:Philosophy
3404:Upanishads
3323:Gandharvas
3047:Dattatreya
2755:"Ayyappan"
2500:16 January
2151:, p.
2149:Dalal 2010
1904:, p.
1902:Kumar 2014
1837:, p.
1835:Sekar 1992
1558:, p.
1556:Laser 2014
1468:, p.
1466:Laser 2014
1445:9004064982
1371:, p.
1369:Sekar 1992
1324:, p.
1322:Sekar 1992
1305:, p.
1303:Dalal 2010
1220:"Ayyappan"
1036:, p.
976:References
874:(2016) by
850:K. Shankar
848:(1993) by
806:(1975) by
796:(1961) by
746:Coimbatore
726:Anna Nagar
660:Sabarimala
637:Sabarimala
618:Sabarimala
300:Sabarimala
219:Manikandan
180:Manikandan
69:Sabarimala
5722:Lingaraja
5717:Katas Raj
5656:Nageshvar
5641:Kedarnath
5527:Rudranath
5517:Kedarnath
5315:Tirumurai
5242:Kartikeya
5198:Sadyojata
5023:Theosophy
4954:Mythology
4934:Criticism
4902:Etymology
4860:SvÄdhyÄya
4759:New Year
4708:Navaratri
4680:Festivals
4658:Grihastha
4631:Kshatriya
4605:Antyeshti
4580:Upanayana
4545:Jatakarma
4535:Pumsavana
4522:Sanskaras
4487:Naivedhya
4441:Practices
4386:Mahavidya
4354:Saraswati
4341:Goddesses
4299:Kartikeya
4196:Athichudi
4151:Tirumurai
4004:VyÄkaraį¹a
3971:Natyaveda
3919:Chandogya
3844:Divisions
3825:Yajurveda
3343:Rakshasas
3213:Mahavidya
3156:Saraswati
3143:Goddesses
3072:Kartikeya
2653:The Hindu
2546:Kent 2013
2433:Routledge
2243:The Hindu
2180:0971-751X
2171:The Hindu
2079:Kent 2013
2054:0971-8257
1887:30 August
1869:2249-1937
1820:1 October
1780:Kent 2013
1686:23 August
1603:25 August
1583:Routledge
1524:1 October
1243:22 August
1165:22 August
676:Rudraksha
594:Dravidian
483:Sri Lanka
435:Manikanda
356:honorific
340:Malayalam
273:Malayalam
221:, is the
171:Genealogy
161:Festivals
5838:Ayyappan
5797:Category
5702:Amarnath
5575:Chitiram
5570:Thamiram
5555:Rathinam
5522:Tungnath
5485:Pradosha
5422:Kapalika
5247:Devasena
5208:Vamadeva
5193:Nataraja
5183:Harihara
5173:Bhairava
5141:Shaivism
5079:Category
5030:Glossary
4998:Buddhism
4964:Hindutva
4924:Calendar
4805:Haridwar
4783:Vaisakhi
4778:Puthandu
4668:Sannyasa
4585:Keshanta
4416:Shashthi
4252:Trimurti
4079:Nitisara
4052:Ramayana
4047:Itihasas
4019:Jyotisha
3961:Ayurveda
3953:Upavedas
3934:Mandukya
3879:Aitareya
3861:Aranyaka
3856:Brahmana
3830:Samaveda
3755:Charvaka
3555:Concepts
3536:Timeline
3528:Glossary
3511:Hinduism
3459:Hinduism
3415:Ramayana
3357:Yakshini
3263:Shashthi
3223:Matrikas
3208:Mahadevi
3010:Trimurti
2953:Ayyappan
2763:Archived
2733:Archived
2685:Sony Liv
2658:Archived
2570:Archived
2494:Archived
2489:Zee News
2425:(2014).
2370:Archived
2366:ANI News
2340:Archived
2310:Archived
2278:Archived
2274:ANI News
2216:Archived
2184:Archived
2058:Archived
2012:(2012).
1881:Archived
1877:44252378
1814:Archived
1680:Archived
1678:. 2014.
1633:(2014).
1597:Archived
1518:Archived
1119:(2003).
950:Harihara
944:See also
908:(2012),
904:(2010),
856:(1995),
840:(1991),
734:Perambur
703:ashtakam
580:warrior
565:Shaktism
557:Shaivism
524:demoness
471:celibate
447:Sanskrit
423:Harihara
411:Buddhism
385:such as
239:Shaivism
211:Ayyappan
201:(mother)
195:(father)
121:Saturday
59:Hinduism
31:Ayyappan
5774:Vibhuti
5671:Somnath
5374:Chalisa
5237:Ganesha
5230:Parvati
5160:Deities
5151:History
5068:Outline
5018:Sikhism
5013:Judaism
5008:Jainism
4889:Related
4865:Namaste
4718:Ramlila
4648:Ashrama
4636:Vaishya
4626:Brahmin
4449:Worship
4401:Rukmini
4391:Matrika
4364:Parvati
4359:Lakshmi
4349:Tridevi
4304:Krishna
4289:Hanuman
4284:Ganesha
4235:Deities
4121:Tantras
4111:Stotras
4064:Puranas
4009:Nirukta
3999:Chandas
3994:Shiksha
3986:Vedanga
3939:Prashna
3929:Mundaka
3851:Samhita
3820:Rigveda
3751:NÄstika
3736:Advaita
3723:Vedanta
3718:MÄ«mÄį¹sÄ
3698:Samkhya
3686:Schools
3674:Akrodha
3593:Saį¹sÄra
3573:Ishvara
3563:Brahman
3409:Puranas
3397:Atharva
3366:Texts (
3353:Yakshas
3348:Vahanas
3318:DikpÄla
3291:Apsaras
3243:Rukmini
3218:Matangi
3166:Parvati
3161:Lakshmi
3151:Tridevi
3077:Krishna
3057:Hanuman
3052:Ganesha
3042:Chandra
3037:Ashvins
2739:23 July
2664:21 June
924:Ganesha
920:Parvati
892:Asianet
742:Chennai
688:shlokas
684:irumudi
668:Vrutham
656:irumudi
608:Worship
598:Ayyanar
573:temples
549:Mahisha
533:Pandian
504:Puranas
381:In the
312:irumudi
285:Ayyanar
186:Parents
102:Symbols
5807:Portal
5769:Siddha
5757:Lingam
5695:Others
5427:Aghori
5330:Stotra
5326:Mantra
5215:Shakti
5188:Ishana
5089:Portal
4993:BahĆ”Ź¼Ć
4897:Hindus
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