1141:, specifically eIF2, eIF5, and eIF3, as well as the 40S subunit of the ribosome. These initiation factors must associate with the ribosome in stoichiometric proportions, while Rli1p is required in catalytic amounts. The following mechanism for the process has been proposed: One ABC domain binds the 40S subunit, while the other binds an initiation factor. Binding of ATP allows for dimerization, which subsequently brings the initiation factor and ribosomal subunit in close enough contact to associate. ATP hydrolysis releases the two substrates and allows the cycle to begin again. This model is similar to one that has been proposed for DNA repair enzymes with ABC domains, in which each domain binds either side of a broken piece of DNA, with hydrolysis allowing the pieces to be brought together and subsequently repaired.
1094:(ABC) proteins. ABC proteins typically also contain a transmembrane region, and utilize ATP to transport substrates across a membrane, however RLI is unique in that it is a soluble protein that contains ABC domains. RLI has two C-terminal ABC domains; upon binding ATP they form a characteristic "ATP-sandwich," with two ATP molecules sandwiched between the two dimerized ABC domains. Hydrolysis of ATP allows the dimer to dissociate in a fully reversible process. Incubation of the protein with a non-hydrolyzable ATP analogue or a mutation of the ABC domain causes a complete loss of protein function.
244:
221:
118:
143:
250:
149:
1032:. Ribonuclease L normally binds to 2-5A (5'-phosphorylated 2',5'-linked oligoadenylates) and inhibits the interferon-regulated 2-5A/RNase L pathway, which is used by viruses. ABCE1 heterodimerize with ribonuclease L and prevents its interaction with 2-5A, antagonizing the anti-viral properties of ribonuclease L, and allow the virus to synthesize viral proteins. It has also been implicated to have an effect in
1190:
The mitochondria's energetic and metabolic functions have been established to be non-essential for yeast cell viability. The only function that has been implicated in being necessary for survival is the biosynthesis of Fe/S clusters. RLI is the only known essential cytoplasmic Fe/S protein that is
1181:
Human RLI was first identified because of its ability to inhibit RNAse L, which plays a crucial role in antiviral activity in mammals. This cannot account for the conservation of the protein in all other organisms, since only mammals have the RNAse L system. It has been suggested that RLI in lower
1087:. Since the crystal structure for RLI has not yet been determined, all that is known has been inferred from protein sequencing. The protein sequences between species is very well conserved, for example Pixie and yeast Rli1p are 66% identical, and Rli1p and human RLI are 67% identical.
1191:
absolutely dependent on the mitochondrial Fe/S synthesis and export system for proper maturation. Rli1p is therefore a novel link between the mitochondria and ribosome function and biosynthesis, and therefore the viability of the cell.
1105:. The function of the Fe/S clusters is unknown, although it has been suggested that they regulate the ABC domains in response to a change in the redox environment, for example in the presence of reactive oxygen species.
1117:
have two major identified functions: translation initiation and ribosome biogenesis. In addition, human RLI is a known inhibitor of RNAse L. This was the first activity identified and the source of its name
1149:
Recycling is essential for ribosomes to become usable again after translating an mRNA or stalling. In both eukaryotes and archaea, ABCE1 is responsible for splitting a ribosome that has been bound to
1837:
1101:, renders the protein unable to function, and loss of cell viability, making RLI the only known essential cytoplasmic protein dependent on Fe/S cluster biosynthesis in the
257:
156:
1371:"The essential Drosophila ATP-binding cassette domain protein, pixie, binds the 40 S ribosome in an ATP-dependent manner and is required for translation initiation"
1751:
1173:
processing. It has been shown that the Fe/S clusters are necessary for ribosome biogenesis and/or nuclear export, although the exact mechanism is unknown.
2017:
1656:
729:
710:
79:
1812:
1097:
RLI also has a cysteine-rich N-terminal region that is predicted to tightly bind two clusters. Mutation of this region, or depletion of available
1169:, nuclear export, or both. They have been found in the nucleus associated with the 40S and 60S subunits, as well as Hcr1p, a protein required for
1137:
Translation initiation is an essential process required for proper protein expression and cell viability. Rli1p has been found to co-purify with
1267:
1634:
1249:
2007:
1680:
937:
243:
1987:
1617:
1285:
944:
220:
1015:
1236:
1215:
1649:
1232:
142:
117:
2012:
1138:
1211:
59:
1412:"The essential ATP-binding cassette protein RLI1 functions in translation by promoting preinitiation complex assembly"
256:
155:
1673:
249:
148:
1642:
1608:
774:
67:
1182:
eukaryotes functions by inhibiting RNAses involved in ribosomal biosynthesis, thereby regulating the process.
1067:
755:
1054:
1842:
1559:"Biogenesis of cytosolic ribosomes requires the essential iron-sulphur protein Rli1p and mitochondria"
1451:
Becker T, Franckenberg S, Wickles S, Shoemaker CJ, Anger AM, Armache JP, et al. (February 2012).
1464:
1091:
131:
1612:
1166:
1098:
1058:
895:
848:
46:
1351:
1047:
1036:
91:
920:
899:
869:
844:
1588:
1539:
1490:
1433:
1392:
1343:
39:
1665:
1578:
1570:
1529:
1521:
1480:
1472:
1423:
1382:
1333:
336:
267:
211:
166:
50:, ABC38, OABP, RLI, RNASEL1, RNASELI, RNS4I, ATP binding cassette subfamily E member 1, RLI1
1557:
Kispal G, Sipos K, Lange H, Fekete Z, Bedekovics T, Janáky T, et al. (February 2005).
87:
1676:
1669:
311:
1468:
1746:
1534:
1509:
1485:
1452:
1029:
1022:
1018:
1583:
1558:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
2001:
514:
1355:
1286:"ABCE1 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family E (OABP), member 1 [ Homo sapiens ]"
71:
1453:"Structural basis of highly conserved ribosome recycling in eukaryotes and archaea"
1102:
329:
108:
95:
1525:
1272:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1254:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
412:
228:
125:
75:
1574:
1621:
1080:
1040:
674:
472:
350:
295:
282:
194:
181:
83:
1592:
1543:
1494:
1437:
1428:
1411:
1396:
1387:
1370:
1347:
1410:
Dong J, Lai R, Nielsen K, Fekete CA, Qiu H, Hinnebusch AG (October 2004).
984:
979:
1965:
1627:
1306:
968:
819:
800:
1476:
1084:
1050:
786:
741:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1791:
1730:
1725:
1338:
1321:
1011:
1000:
952:
696:
1157:. The exact movements leading to the split is not well understood.
1973:
1969:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1934:
1929:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1850:
1846:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1807:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1062:
1033:
659:
655:
1760:
1755:
1170:
1154:
1150:
1004:
63:
1638:
1510:"Translation Termination and Ribosome Recycling in Eukaryotes"
1165:
RLI and its homologues are also thought to play a role in
640:
regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway
319:
484:
999:(ABCE1) also known as RNase L inhibitor (RLI) is an
1943:
1922:
1906:
1875:
1800:
1739:
1688:
913:
888:
862:
837:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1079:RLI is a 68 kDa cytoplasmic protein found in most
594:eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex
266:
165:
630:negative regulation of endoribonuclease activity
16:Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1233:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000058355
1650:
8:
1061:. The most studied homologues are Rli1p in
1212:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164163
1657:
1643:
1635:
1514:Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
997:ATP-binding cassette sub-family E member 1
670:
510:
307:
206:
103:
1582:
1533:
1484:
1427:
1386:
1337:
1320:Tian Y, Han X, Tian DL (October 2012).
1199:
1016:ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters
1003:that in humans is encoded by the ABCE1
20:
620:ribosomal subunit export from nucleus
271:
232:
227:
170:
129:
124:
7:
1369:Andersen DS, Leevers SJ (May 2007).
1322:"The biological regulation of ABCE1"
1113:RLI and its homologues in yeast and
1416:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1375:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
558:endoribonuclease inhibitor activity
1090:RLI belongs to the ABCE family of
910:
885:
859:
834:
810:
791:
765:
746:
720:
701:
489:
407:
345:
324:
14:
2018:ATP-binding cassette transporters
1046:ABCE1 is an essential and highly
255:
248:
242:
219:
154:
147:
141:
116:
548:ribosomal small subunit binding
473:More reference expression data
1:
1139:eukaryotic initiation factors
1028:ABCE1 inhibits the action of
240:
139:
2008:Genes on human chromosome 4
1674:membrane transport proteins
1526:10.1101/cshperspect.a032656
377:stromal cell of endometrium
2034:
1508:Hellen CU (October 2018).
1053:that is required for both
1988:ABC transporter disorders
1983:
1268:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1250:"Human PubMed Reference:"
983:
978:
974:
967:
951:
932:
917:
892:
881:
866:
841:
830:
817:
813:
798:
794:
785:
772:
768:
753:
749:
740:
727:
723:
708:
704:
695:
680:
673:
669:
653:
645:defense response to virus
625:translational termination
513:
509:
497:
492:
483:
470:
419:
410:
357:
348:
318:
310:
306:
289:
276:
239:
218:
209:
205:
188:
175:
138:
115:
106:
102:
57:
54:
44:
37:
32:
28:
23:
1575:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600541
1014:that is a member of the
938:Chr 4: 145.1 – 145.13 Mb
635:translational initiation
945:Chr 8: 80.41 – 80.44 Mb
1429:10.1074/jbc.M404502200
1388:10.1074/jbc.M701361200
1307:"P61221 (ABCE1_HUMAN)"
1133:Translation Initiation
1057:initiation as well as
1055:eukaryotic translation
447:mandibular prominence
2013:Protein biosynthesis
1186:Role in mitochondria
1092:ATP-binding cassette
579:mitochondrial matrix
443:maxillary prominence
234:Chromosome 8 (mouse)
132:Chromosome 4 (human)
1477:10.1038/nature10829
1469:2012Natur.482..501B
1167:ribosome biogenesis
1161:Ribosome biogenesis
1059:ribosome biogenesis
385:ganglionic eminence
365:islet of Langerhans
1145:Ribosome recycling
775:ENSMUSG00000058355
608:Biological process
567:Cellular component
528:nucleotide binding
521:Molecular function
1995:
1994:
1666:Membrane proteins
994:
993:
990:
989:
963:
962:
928:
927:
907:
906:
877:
876:
856:
855:
826:
825:
807:
806:
781:
780:
762:
761:
736:
735:
717:
716:
665:
664:
505:
504:
501:
500:
479:
478:
466:
465:
404:
403:
302:
301:
201:
200:
96:ABCE1 - orthologs
2025:
1670:carrier proteins
1659:
1652:
1645:
1636:
1630:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1563:The EMBO Journal
1554:
1548:
1547:
1537:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1488:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1431:
1422:(40): 42157–68.
1407:
1401:
1400:
1390:
1381:(20): 14752–60.
1366:
1360:
1359:
1341:
1339:10.1002/iub.1071
1317:
1311:
1310:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1246:
1240:
1230:
1219:
1209:
976:
975:
947:
940:
923:
911:
902:
886:
882:RefSeq (protein)
872:
860:
851:
835:
811:
792:
766:
747:
721:
702:
671:
543:iron ion binding
511:
490:
475:
459:ventricular zone
455:primitive streak
415:
413:Top expressed in
408:
393:body of pancreas
389:secondary oocyte
369:ventricular zone
353:
351:Top expressed in
346:
325:
308:
298:
285:
274:
259:
252:
246:
235:
223:
207:
197:
184:
173:
158:
151:
145:
134:
120:
104:
98:
49:
42:
21:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2022:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1979:
1939:
1918:
1902:
1871:
1796:
1735:
1684:
1677:ABC transporter
1663:
1626:
1605:
1600:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1520:(10): a032656.
1507:
1506:
1502:
1463:(7386): 501–6.
1450:
1449:
1445:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1332:(10): 795–800.
1319:
1318:
1314:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1231:
1222:
1210:
1201:
1197:
1188:
1179:
1177:RNAse inhibitor
1163:
1153:or its paralog
1147:
1135:
1111:
1077:
985:View/Edit Mouse
980:View/Edit Human
943:
936:
933:Location (UCSC)
919:
898:
894:
868:
847:
843:
756:ENSG00000164163
649:
603:
562:
538:protein binding
533:ATPase activity
471:
462:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
411:
400:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
373:Achilles tendon
371:
367:
363:
349:
293:
280:
272:
262:
261:
260:
253:
233:
210:Gene location (
192:
179:
171:
161:
160:
159:
152:
130:
107:Gene location (
58:
45:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2031:
2029:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2000:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1758:
1749:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1685:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1654:
1647:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1624:
1615:
1604:
1603:External links
1601:
1599:
1598:
1549:
1500:
1443:
1402:
1361:
1312:
1298:
1277:
1259:
1241:
1220:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1187:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1162:
1159:
1146:
1143:
1134:
1131:
1110:
1107:
1076:
1073:
1030:ribonuclease L
992:
991:
988:
987:
982:
972:
971:
965:
964:
961:
960:
958:
956:
949:
948:
941:
934:
930:
929:
926:
925:
915:
914:
908:
905:
904:
890:
889:
883:
879:
878:
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838:
832:
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815:
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805:
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795:
789:
783:
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778:
770:
769:
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738:
737:
734:
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724:
718:
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687:
682:
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663:
662:
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581:
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530:
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522:
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517:
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503:
502:
499:
498:
495:
494:
487:
481:
480:
477:
476:
468:
467:
464:
463:
461:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
439:lacrimal gland
436:
432:
431:abdominal wall
428:
424:
420:
417:
416:
405:
402:
401:
399:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
355:
354:
342:
341:
333:
322:
316:
315:
312:RNA expression
304:
303:
300:
299:
291:
287:
286:
278:
275:
270:
264:
263:
254:
247:
241:
237:
236:
231:
225:
224:
216:
215:
203:
202:
199:
198:
190:
186:
185:
177:
174:
169:
163:
162:
153:
146:
140:
136:
135:
128:
122:
121:
113:
112:
100:
99:
56:
52:
51:
43:
35:
34:
30:
29:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2030:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
1990:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1660:
1655:
1653:
1648:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1629:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1613:AceView genes
1610:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1594:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1569:(3): 589–98.
1568:
1564:
1560:
1553:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1365:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1316:
1313:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1192:
1185:
1183:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1152:
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1099:Fe/S clusters
1095:
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1074:
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1069:
1065:and Pixie in
1064:
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1041:antiapoptosis
1038:
1037:proliferation
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865:
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836:
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831:RefSeq (mRNA)
829:
822:
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516:
515:Gene ontology
512:
508:
496:
491:
488:
486:
482:
474:
469:
458:
454:
450:
446:
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438:
435:Gonadal ridge
434:
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1289:. Retrieved
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1189:
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1123:
1119:
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1112:
1103:mitochondria
1096:
1089:
1078:
1066:
1045:
1027:
1010:ABCE1 is an
1009:
996:
995:
918:
896:NP_001035809
893:
867:
849:NM_001040876
842:
818:
799:
773:
754:
728:
709:
689:
684:
427:cumulus cell
335:
328:
193:145,129,524
180:145,098,288
55:External IDs
18:
1129:nhibitor).
1019:superfamily
553:ATP binding
294:80,438,369
281:80,410,091
273:8|8 C1
33:Identifiers
2002:Categories
1326:IUBMB Life
1239:, May 2017
1218:, May 2017
1195:References
1115:Drosophila
1068:Drosophila
1034:tumor cell
339:(ortholog)
76:HomoloGene
1986:see also
1622:GeneCards
1081:eukaryota
1075:Structure
1048:conserved
1023:subfamily
1021:and OABP
921:NP_056566
900:NP_002931
870:NM_015751
845:NM_002940
675:Orthologs
574:cytoplasm
84:GeneCards
1966:Sterolin
1611:at NCBI
1593:15660134
1544:29735640
1495:22358840
1438:15277527
1397:17392269
1356:21490502
1348:23008114
1291:14 March
1235:–
1214:–
1109:Function
969:Wikidata
654:Sources:
584:membrane
423:epiblast
381:testicle
1631:UniProt
1535:6169810
1486:6878762
1465:Bibcode
1237:Ensembl
1216:Ensembl
1051:protein
787:UniProt
742:Ensembl
681:Species
660:QuickGO
599:cytosol
314:pattern
172:4q31.21
72:1195458
40:Aliases
1681:TC 3A1
1628:P61221
1591:
1584:548650
1581:
1542:
1532:
1493:
1483:
1457:Nature
1436:
1395:
1354:
1346:
1151:Pelota
1085:archae
1012:ATPase
1001:enzyme
955:search
953:PubMed
820:P61222
801:P61221
697:Entrez
485:BioGPS
451:dermis
397:rectum
64:601213
1618:ABCE1
1609:ABCE1
1352:S2CID
1122:NAse
1063:yeast
730:24015
690:Mouse
685:Human
656:Amigo
361:gonad
337:Mouse
330:Human
277:Start
212:Mouse
176:Start
109:Human
88:ABCE1
47:ABCE1
24:ABCE1
1843:C8-9
1752:B2-3
1589:PMID
1540:PMID
1491:PMID
1434:PMID
1393:PMID
1344:PMID
1293:2013
1171:rRNA
1155:eRF1
1083:and
1039:and
1005:gene
711:6059
320:Bgee
268:Band
229:Chr.
167:Band
126:Chr.
80:2205
60:OMIM
1867:C13
1862:C11
1857:C10
1792:B11
1731:A13
1726:A12
1620:at
1579:PMC
1571:doi
1530:PMC
1522:doi
1481:PMC
1473:doi
1461:482
1424:doi
1420:279
1383:doi
1379:282
1334:doi
493:n/a
290:End
189:End
92:OMA
68:MGI
2004::
1974:G8
1972:,
1970:G5
1961:G4
1956:G2
1951:G1
1935:F2
1930:F1
1914:E1
1898:D4
1893:D3
1888:D2
1883:D1
1851:C9
1849:,
1847:C8
1838:C7
1833:C6
1828:C5
1823:C4
1818:C3
1813:C2
1808:C1
1787:B9
1782:B7
1777:B6
1772:B5
1767:B4
1761:B3
1756:B2
1747:B1
1721:A8
1716:A7
1711:A4
1706:A3
1701:A2
1696:A1
1672::
1668:,
1587:.
1577:.
1567:24
1565:.
1561:.
1538:.
1528:.
1518:10
1516:.
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1479:.
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1414:.
1391:.
1377:.
1373:.
1350:.
1342:.
1330:64
1328:.
1324:.
1270:.
1252:.
1223:^
1202:^
1071:.
1043:.
1025:.
1007:.
658:/
296:bp
283:bp
195:bp
182:bp
90:;
86::
82:;
78::
74:;
70::
66:;
62::
1976:)
1968:(
1944:G
1923:F
1907:E
1876:D
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1845:(
1801:C
1763:)
1754:(
1740:B
1689:A
1683:)
1679:(
1658:e
1651:t
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1573::
1546:.
1524::
1497:.
1475::
1467::
1440:.
1426::
1399:.
1385::
1358:.
1336::
1309:.
1295:.
1274:.
1256:.
1127:I
1124:L
1120:R
1118:(
214:)
111:)
94::
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