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400:) arrested more than 30,000 Polish citizens. About 7,000 of them, including community leaders, professors, teachers and priests (labeled as suspected of criminal activities), were subsequently massacred secretly at various locations - including at
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The total number of victims and the specific dates of executions of members of the Polish intelligentsia can only be approximated due to their multitude. After the war, many
Germans responsible for organizing the AB Action were tried before the
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77:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
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502:, in late 1939 and early 1940, most Polish university professors, intellectuals, writers, politicians, teachers and other members of the elite of Polish society were briefly arrested by the
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Operation in occupied territories of central Poland. Both murder operations were conducted in part according to an "enemies of the Reich list" prepared before the war by members of the
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The active persecution of Polish intellectuals was continued until the end of the war. The direct continuation of the AB Action was a German campaign in the east started after the
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Peter
Longerich acknowledged some 6500 victims (3500 member of the intelligentsia and political functionaries and about 3000 people labeled criminals by the Germans), in
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from multiple cities and towns upon the arrival of German forces. In the spring and summer of 1940 the Nazi authorities in German-occupied central Poland (the so-called
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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715:. However, the majority of responsible commanders vanished during and after the war, before being held legally accountable for their crimes.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Polish
Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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where they were subject to brutal interrogations by Nazi officials. After time spent in the prisons of Warsaw, Kraków,
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Poland's
Holocaust: ethnic strife, collaboration with occupying forces and genocide in the Second Republic, 1918-1947
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Collection of testimonies concerning terror against the Polish elites in 'Chronicles of Terror' testimony database
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were murdered together with their families and guests. Among those killed in the massacre were
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Die
Intelligenzaktion: Die Vernichtung der polnischen Oberschicht im Gau Danzig-Westpreußen
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Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion
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scattered and to prevent the Poles from revolting during the planned German
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across the territories slated for eventual annexation by the German Reich.
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444:. It was also discussed with Soviet officials during a series of secretive
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The mass murder of Polish leaders, politicians, artists, aristocrats, the
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871:, Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies.
542:. The interned were held in a number of prisons, including the infamous
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on 16 May 1940. In the following weeks, the German police, Gestapo, SD (
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
674:. Among the most notable mass executions of Polish professors was the
455:, lasting from autumn 1939 until spring 1940. It was called Operation
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The first killings of Polish intelligentsia took place soon after the
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dislodging condemned victims from the Polish intelligentsia at the
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arrested roughly 30,000 Poles in major Polish cities, including
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Perpetrators, participants, organizations, and collaborators
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The
Destruction of the Polish Elite. Operation AB – Katyn
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Chapter "Hitler's Plans for Poland." Noakes and
Pridham,
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International Youth
Meeting Center in Oświęcim/Auschwitz
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to this template: there are already 278 articles in the
990:
Holocaust - The Nazi
Persecution and Murder of the Jews
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a machine-translated version of the Polish article.
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702:, in German concentration camps, and in ghettos.
2555:Resistance, victims, documentation and technical
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392:Most of the killings were arranged in a form of
3261:World War II massacres of Polish intelligentsia
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728:: a 1939 Nazi round-up professors and academics
661:mass murder of 22,000 Polish military officers
112:accompanying your translation by providing an
57:Click for important translation instructions.
44:expand this article with text translated from
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3226:Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust
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1196:Camps, ghettos, execution sites and attacks
651:. According to many historians , including
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164:A picture taken from a nearby house by the
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883:"United States Holocaust Memorial Museum"
566:, the arrested Poles were transferred to
473:. As the result of this operation 60,000
992:. Oxford University Press. p. 165.
880:"Poles: Victims of the Nazi Era" at the
3151:Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission
937:. IPN Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, 2009
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659:, who at the same time perpetrated the
368:Extraordinary Operation of Pacification
301:7,000 intellectuals and leaders of the
3134:Polish, East German, and Soviet trials
2494:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions
377:campaign of violence in Poland during
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7:
759:Gestapo–NKVD conferences (1939-1940)
649:Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany
3055:Aftermath, trials and commemoration
1066:Holocaust in German-occupied Poland
512:Ausserordentliche Befriedungsaktion
495:(Special Prosecution Book-Poland).
3216:Polish Righteous Among the Nations
510:finally accepted and approved the
355:Außerordentliche Befriedungsaktion
326:Murder site and deportation points
196:Außerordentliche Befriedungsaktion
25:
2898:Special Prosecution Book – Poland
737:World War II atrocities in Poland
698:. Thousands more perished in the
3075:Population transfers (1944–1946)
2124:Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
506:and had their names registered.
258:
158:
31:
3178:Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
3090:Anti-Jewish violence, 1944–1946
686:, former Polish prime minister
2506:Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118
2482:36th Estonian Police Battalion
909:Nazism: A History in Documents
840:Nazism: A History in Documents
122:You may also add the template
1:
3173:Monument to the Ghetto Heroes
3003:Human medical experimentation
385:and the upper classes of the
174:Palmiry forest execution site
713:Nuremberg Military Tribunals
481:was continued by the German
3266:Persecution by Nazi Germany
3208:Righteous Among the Nations
3095:Ministry of Public Security
2474:Belarusian Auxiliary Police
1084:Related articles by country
781:History of Poland (1939–45)
676:massacre of Lwów professors
672:German invasion of the USSR
470:Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz
408:. The others were sent to
383:eliminate the intellectuals
135:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
94:will aid in categorization.
3297:
3120:Frankfurt Auschwitz trials
2502:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
616:
402:the Palmiry forest complex
124:{{Translated|pl|Akcja AB}}
69:Machine translation, like
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2893:Sobibor perpetrator album
2524:
2478:Estonian Auxiliary Police
1605:
1588:Human medical experiments
1165:
1161:
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988:Longerich, Peter (2010).
817:. McFarland. p. 25.
637:Mieczysław Niedziałkowski
492:Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen
487:German minority in Poland
373:), a second stage of the
157:
46:the corresponding article
3141:Auschwitz trial (Poland)
2486:Latvian Auxiliary Police
2219:Karl Eberhard Schöngarth
1721:Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger
623:Among those killed were
568:Nazi concentration camps
446:Gestapo–NKVD Conferences
410:Nazi concentration camps
3231:Garden of the Righteous
2983:Identification in camps
2976:Technical and logistics
2422:Order Police battalions
732:Jagiellonian University
440:, the commander of the
286:Order Police battalions
133:For more guidance, see
2644:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
2109:Heinrich Klaustermeyer
614:
387:Second Polish Republic
354:
303:Second Polish Republic
208:and similar locations
195:
3281:Anti-Slavic sentiment
3183:Majdanek State Museum
2316:Karl-Friedrich Höcker
1220:Auschwitz II-Birkenau
959:VDM Verlag Dr. Müller
617:Further information:
608:
394:forced disappearances
106:copyright attribution
2660:Mordechai Anielewicz
2371:Elisabeth Volkenrath
2256:Jenny-Wanda Barkmann
1892:Arthur Liebehenschel
1817:Hermine Braunsteiner
1761:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
906:Noakes and Pridham,
786:Chronicles of Terror
747:Operation Tannenberg
684:Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński
334:Lethal phase of the
3271:Persecution of Jews
3198:March of the Living
3070:Holocaust survivors
2934:Vrba–Wetzler report
2710:Alexander Pechersky
2670:Mordechai Tenenbaum
2119:Alexander Palfinger
1942:Johann Schwarzhuber
1502:Międzyrzec Podlaski
1481:Lviv pogroms (1941)
1382:Sonderaktion Krakau
809:Piotrowski, Tadeusz
726:Sonderaktion Krakau
696:Stanisław Ruziewicz
590:, Wincentynów near
520:) and units of the
3113:West German trials
2908:Wannsee Conference
2695:Itzhak Katzenelson
2447:General Government
1932:Franz Reichleitner
1862:Fritz Hartjenstein
1852:Maximilian Grabner
1771:Bruno Streckenbach
1583:Grossaktion Warsaw
1236:Operation Reinhard
1022:2016-04-08 at the
933:Maria Wardzyńska,
914:2013-10-15 at the
845:2013-10-15 at the
692:Włodzimierz Stożek
667:and other places.
615:
600:Skarżysko-Kamienna
442:General Government
432:. The anti-Polish
430:invasion of France
398:General Government
336:invasion of Poland
219:Spring–summer 1940
210:in occupied Poland
170:Nazi Secret Police
166:Polish Underground
114:interlanguage link
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2963:Sonderaktion 1005
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2341:Johanna Langefeld
2336:Hildegard Lächert
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2068:Alfred Trzebinski
2033:Franz von Bodmann
1985:Lorenz Hackenholt
1827:Theodor van Eupen
1766:Jakob Sporrenberg
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1600:
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975:978-36-3904 721-9
943:978-83-7629-063-8
765:Intelligenzaktion
641:Janusz Kusociński
611:Janusz Kusociński
517:Sicherheitsdienst
479:Intelligenzaktion
458:Intelligenzaktion
426:Polish resistance
341:
340:
291:Sicherheitsdienst
232:automatic weapons
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16:(Redirected from
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3125:Treblinka trials
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2924:Graebe affidavit
2917:Witness accounts
2863:Frank memorandum
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2730:Szmul Zygielbojm
2720:Frumka Płotnicka
2680:Leon Feldhendler
2665:Icchak Cukierman
2619:Ghetto uprisings
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2535:
2526:
2470:Schutzmannschaft
2291:Feodor Fedorenko
2241:
2149:Wolfgang Birkner
1937:Heinrich Schwarz
1927:Josef Oberhauser
1902:Heinrich Matthes
1786:Dieter Wisliceny
1776:Richard Thomalla
1751:Heinz Reinefarth
1701:Heinrich Himmler
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619:Palmiry massacre
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92:|topic=
90:, and specifying
75:Google Translate
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2998:Holocaust train
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2929:Gerstein Report
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2878:Katzmann Report
2858:Auschwitz Album
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2700:Michał Klepfisz
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2426:Ordnungspolizei
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2356:Erich Muhsfeldt
2286:Margot Dreschel
2271:Alexander Bülow
2228:
2224:Udo von Woyrsch
2214:Hermann Schaper
2209:Emanuel Schäfer
2194:Josef Meisinger
2154:Helmut Bischoff
2133:
2089:Heinz Auerswald
2077:
2019:
1967:
1961:
1957:Christian Wirth
1867:Gottlieb Hering
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1756:Julian Scherner
1741:Georg Michalsen
1726:Franz Kutschera
1686:Odilo Globocnik
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1367:Kielce cemetery
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1024:Wayback Machine
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999:978-019280436-5
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916:Wayback Machine
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889:on June 7, 2007
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847:Wayback Machine
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753:Generalplan Ost
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700:Ponary massacre
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453:German invasion
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2870:
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1011:External links
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633:Tadeusz Tański
464:Einsatzgruppen
422:intelligentsia
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2903:Stroop Report
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2843:Documentation
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2675:Marek Edelman
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2561:Organizations
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2462:Collaboration
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2405:Organizations
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2351:Eduard Lorenz
2349:
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2346:Anton Lechner
2344:
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2334:
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2331:Josef Kollmer
2329:
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2301:Kurt Gerstein
2299:
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2296:Hans Hoffmann
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2129:Jürgen Stroop
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2038:Carl Clauberg
2036:
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2016:
2013:
2011:
2010:Ludwig Plagge
2008:
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2000:Herbert Lange
1998:
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1980:Kurt Bolender
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1877:Franz Hössler
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1372:Aktion Krakau
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1342:Bloody Sunday
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1264:Concentration
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1212:Extermination
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1080:The Holocaust
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953:Meier, Anna.
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776:Anti-Polonism
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594:, and in the
593:
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2868:Höcker Album
2851:Nazi sources
2739:Victim lists
2705:Miles Lerman
2512:Trawniki men
2452:Hotel Polski
2361:Detlef Nebbe
2326:Oswald Kaduk
2321:Karl Jeschke
2199:Bruno Müller
2189:Felix Landau
2174:Ernst Damzog
2169:Karl Brunner
2138:
2114:Franz Konrad
2015:Adolf Theuer
1968:executioners
1947:Franz Stangl
1917:Robert Mulka
1887:Josef Kramer
1837:Karl Frenzel
1807:Richard Baer
1802:Hans Aumeier
1795:Camp command
1781:Otto Wächter
1661:Josef Bühler
1656:Viktor Brack
1642:Perpetrators
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1076:Main article
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645:Stefan Kopec
629:Stefan Bryła
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254:Participants
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2988:Gas chamber
2956:Concealment
2947:photographs
2794:Gross-Rosen
2763:Lviv (Lwów)
2725:Roza Robota
2629:Częstochowa
2261:Herta Bothe
2251:Hans Anhalt
2244:Camp guards
2184:Ludwig Hahn
2164:Paul Blobel
2104:Franz Bürkl
2094:Hans Biebow
2053:Fritz Klein
1990:Josef Klehr
1975:Erich Bauer
1966:Gas chamber
1912:Karl Möckel
1897:Maria Mandl
1872:Rudolf Höss
1857:Otto Hantke
1746:Oswald Pohl
1736:Ernst Lerch
1547:Stanisławów
1457:Częstochowa
1347:Bronna Góra
1277:Gross-Rosen
1272:Auschwitz I
381:, aimed to
375:Nazi German
228:Mass murder
3250:Categories
2311:Irma Grese
2306:Paul Götze
2276:Luise Danz
2025:Physicians
1832:Kurt Franz
1681:Hans Frank
1649:Organizers
1593:Heidelager
893:2013-05-24
824:0786403713
792:References
613:in Palmiry
580:Mauthausen
438:Hans Frank
3165:Memorials
3062:Aftermath
2829:Treblinka
2784:Auschwitz
2639:Treblinka
2624:Białystok
2612:Uprisings
2392:Treblinka
2237:Personnel
2005:Otto Moll
1995:Hans Koch
1847:Amon Göth
1578:Action T4
1542:Sosnowiec
1512:Nowy Sącz
1447:Białystok
1414:Szczuczyn
1362:Erntefest
1352:Bydgoszcz
1337:Białystok
1252:Treblinka
1128:Lithuania
919:, p. 965.
869:AB-Aktion
850:, p. 988.
706:Aftermath
572:Auschwitz
556:Nowy Sącz
523:Wehrmacht
500:AB-Aktion
498:Prior to
483:AB-Aktion
434:AB-Aktion
346:AB-Aktion
343:The 1940
323:Memorials
276:Waffen-SS
242:Wehrmacht
152:AB-Aktion
128:talk page
80:Consider
48:in Polish
18:AB Action
3008:Zyklon B
2824:Trawniki
2819:Stutthof
2804:Majdanek
1552:Tarnopol
1492:Lubartów
1404:Jedwabne
1307:Trawniki
1297:Stutthof
1287:Potulice
1230:Majdanek
1148:Slovakia
1020:Archived
912:Archived
843:Archived
811:(1998).
719:See also
609:Tomb of
202:Location
104:provide
2993:Gas van
2809:Sobibór
2746:Ghettos
2653:Leaders
2634:Sobibor
2387:Sobibor
2380:By camp
1527:Siedlce
1434:Ghettos
1419:Tykocin
1391:Pogroms
1377:Palmiry
1302:Szebnie
1247:Sobibor
1225:Chełmno
1153:Ukraine
1138:Romania
1118:Germany
1108:Estonia
1103:Denmark
1098:Croatia
1093:Belgium
1088:Belarus
730:of the
694:, and
584:Palmiry
564:Wiśnicz
504:Gestapo
416:History
406:Palmiry
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317:Gestapo
298:Victims
180:in 1940
168:of the
126:to the
108:in the
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3105:Trials
3080:Bricha
2814:Soldau
2799:Izbica
2789:Bełżec
2768:Warsaw
2753:Kraków
2593:Żegota
1562:Warsaw
1537:Słonim
1532:Sambor
1507:Mizocz
1497:Lublin
1472:Kraków
1467:Kielce
1462:Grodno
1442:Będzin
1424:Wąsosz
1400:(1946)
1398:Kielce
1312:Warsaw
1292:Soldau
1242:Belzec
1143:Russia
1133:Norway
1123:Latvia
1113:France
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560:Tarnów
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544:Pawiak
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536:Lublin
528:Warsaw
351:German
313:Pawiak
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192:German
178:Warsaw
2777:Camps
2437:RKFDV
1557:Wilno
1522:Radom
1517:Pińsk
1452:Brest
1357:Dynów
1203:Camps
665:Katyń
592:Radom
548:Radom
508:Frank
404:near
331:Notes
230:with
176:near
71:DeepL
3220:List
2758:Łódź
2578:Bund
2442:VoMi
2432:WVHA
1487:Łódź
1477:Lwów
1409:Lviv
994:ISBN
971:ISBN
963:ISBN
939:ISBN
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680:Lwów
643:and
578:and
538:and
532:Łódź
467:and
359:lit.
315:and
216:Date
102:must
100:You
64:View
2603:ŻZW
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