174:
1167:
146:, five fewer than the APG system. Thirty-nine of the APG II families were not placed in any order, but 36 of the 39 were placed in a supra-ordinal clade within the angiosperms. Fifty-five of the families came to be known as "bracketed families". They were optional
1057:
1278:
Prodromus systemati naturalis regni vegetabilis sive enumeratio contracta ordinum, generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarum, juxta methodi naturalis normas digesta
161:
The APG II system was influential and was adopted in whole or in part (sometimes with modifications) in a number of references. It was superseded 6½ years later by the
1050:
313:
were listed at the end of the appendix in a section entitled "Taxa of
Uncertain Position". Under some of the clades are listed the families that were placed
1271:
1043:
76:
Angiosperm
Phylogeny Group (2003). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II".
1022:
78:
1272:
Théorie élémentaire de la botanique, ou exposition des principes de la classification naturelle et de l'art de décrire et d'etudier les végétaux
1351:
1076:
This is a selected list of the more influential systems. There are many other systems, for instance a review of earlier systems, published by
1963:
1505:
1943:
1948:
1066:
49:
1632:
Vorträge über botanische
Stammesgeschichte, gehalten an der Reichsuniversität zu Leiden. Ein Lehrbuch der Pflanzensystematik
1512:
1896:
1553:
1027:
97:
1958:
1018:
86:
1875:
An update of the
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III
1848:
1403:
1089:
1019:
An update of the
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II.
151:
53:
31:
1890:
An update of the
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV
1868:
An update of the
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II
90:
94:
1953:
1085:
1880:
305:
Shown below is the classification in full detail, except for the fifteen genera and three families that were
1287:
45:
1300:
1625:
1323:
1255:
Genera
Plantarum, secundum ordines naturales disposita juxta methodum in Horto Regio Parisiensi exaratam
1647:
The families of flowering plants, arranged according to a new system based on their probable phylogeny
1528:
1420:
1223:
147:
1291:
1654:
1337:
1309:
1262:
587:
328:
306:
1920:
1640:
1248:
1209:
1193:
951:
663:
332:
1001:
Note: "+ ..." = optionally separate family, that may be split off from the preceding family.
1738:
1710:
1611:
1569:
1216:
1097:
645:
547:
363:
143:
119:
1803:
1775:
1761:
1696:
1202:
939:
677:
369:
203:
199:
181:
173:
139:
135:
115:
1874:
1682:
1468:
1365:
1234:
1077:
933:
921:
709:
607:
485:
427:
349:
314:
195:
188:
162:
61:
1937:
1889:
1817:
1789:
1668:
1597:
1491:
1113:
1093:
1081:
927:
904:
861:
657:
581:
570:
343:
318:
290:
246:
1035:
1583:
1166:
971:
945:
849:
838:
781:
747:
729:
619:
593:
561:
511:
499:
453:
355:
325:
283:
44:) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly
1412:
Genera plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in herbariis kewensibus servata definita
957:
881:
855:
789:
770:
723:
639:
474:
447:
441:
399:
267:
230:
131:
105:
1860:
1388:
983:
915:
867:
801:
753:
698:
683:
651:
613:
601:
465:
387:
378:
260:
216:
155:
127:
123:
57:
1448:
1181:
977:
893:
875:
555:
541:
405:
177:
60:, published in 1998, and was superseded in 2009 by a further revision, the
1125:
887:
829:
823:
814:
795:
689:
669:
535:
524:
493:
459:
435:
416:
393:
317:
in that clade. Thirty-six families were so placed. This means that their
276:
239:
223:
138:, all of which were families unplaced as to order, although contained in
108:
1500:
Führer durch den Königlich botanischen Garten der
Universität zu Breslau
1768:
Classification, Evolution and
Phylogeny of the Families of Dicotyledons
965:
759:
741:
735:
715:
1861:
An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plants (APG I)
1782:
The families of the monocotyledons: structure, evolution, and taxonomy
104:
Each of the APG systems represents the broad consensus of a number of
17:
628:
505:
253:
180:
showing the relationships, but excluding taxa not placed within an
310:
191:
172:
111:, united in the APG, working at several institutions worldwide.
1846:
1445:
1178:
1110:
1039:
1796:
An updated phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants
1752:
An integrated system of classification of flowering plants
1562:
Genera Siphonogamarum, ad systema Englerianum conscripta
118:, five more than the APG system. The new orders were
1747:
The evolution and classification of flowering plants
1816:
1802:
1788:
1774:
1760:
1737:
1709:
1695:
1681:
1667:
1653:
1639:
1624:
1610:
1596:
1590:
L'origine et le système phylétique des angiospermes
1582:
1568:
1552:
1545:
1527:
1490:
1467:
1460:
1419:
1402:
1387:
1364:
1350:
1336:
1322:
1308:
1286:
1261:
1247:
1233:
1192:
1124:
1661:Le origini e la classificazione delle Angiosperme
142:clades, in the APG system. APG II recognized 457
1729:Diversity and classification of flowering plants
1482:Syllabus der Vorlesungen ĂĽber Phanerogamenkunde
1374:An Introduction to the Natural System of Botany
1344:Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte des Pflanzenreichs
1144:De Variis Plantarum Methodis Dissertatio Brevis
1719:A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants
1604:The phylogenetic taxonomy of flowering plants
1051:
8:
321:to other members of the clade is not known.
1028:doi: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x
98:doi: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x
1843:
1824:Reveal System of Angiosperm Classification
1810:The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants
1549:
1477:Blüthendiagramme: construirt und erläutert
1464:
1457:
1442:
1189:
1175:
1121:
1107:
1058:
1044:
1036:
1849:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group System (1998–)
1675:Système et phylogénie des monocotyledones
1330:The Natural Arrangement of British Plants
1023:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
79:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
52:that was published in April 2003 by the
1395:General History of Dichlamydious Plants
1010:
1724:Flowering plants: origin and dispersal
1084:(1982). Examples include the works of
7:
1149:Methodus plantarum emendata et aucta
42:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system
1618:Handbuch der systematischen Botanik
1576:Haandbog i den systematiske botanik
1017:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003).
1134:A discourse on the seeds of plants
25:
1067:List of systems of plant taxonomy
85:(4): 399-436. (Available online:
56:. It was a revision of the first
1924:at Wikispecies •
1689:Traité de Botanique systématique
1506:Die NatĂĽrlichen Pflanzenfamilien
1358:Analyse des familles des plantes
1165:
114:The APG II system recognized 45
1241:Familles naturelles des plantes
187:Main groups in the system (all
1:
1703:Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien
1513:Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien
165:, published in October 2009.
1897:Angiosperm Phylogeny Website
1263:De Candolle system (1819–24)
1641:Hutchinson system (1926–73)
1404:Bentham & Hooker system
1126:John Ray system (1686–1704)
1980:
1964:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
1739:Cronquist system (1968–81)
1711:Takhtajan system (1966–97)
1612:Wettstein system (1901–35)
1469:Eichler system (1875–1886)
150:of families that could be
54:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
32:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
29:
1944:Systems of plant taxonomy
1910:
1881:Chase & Reveal System
1855:
1842:
1790:Thorne system (1968–2000)
1776:Dahlgren system (1975–85)
1529:van Tieghem system (1891)
1492:Engler system (1886–1924)
1456:
1441:
1194:Linnaean system (1735–51)
1188:
1174:
1163:
1120:
1106:
1080:in his 1853 edition, and
1073:
72:APG II was published as:
1949:Plants described in 2003
1762:Goldberg system (1986–89
1421:Baillon system (1867–94)
1366:Lindley system (1830–45)
1249:De Jussieu system (1789)
50:system of plant taxonomy
27:System of plant taxonomy
1804:Kubitzki system (1990–)
1655:Calestani system (1933)
1554:Dalla Torre & Harms
1352:Dumortier system (1829)
1139:Methodus plantarum nova
1697:Melchior system (1964)
1683:Emberger system (1960)
1626:Lotsy system (1907–11)
1301:O Prirozenosti Rostlin
184:
1584:Hallier system (1912)
1570:Warming system (1912)
1379:The Vegetable Kingdom
1235:Adanson system (1763)
176:
1818:Reveal system (1997)
1669:Kimura system (1956)
1598:Bessey system (1915)
1427:Histoire des plantes
1338:Perleb system (1826)
1310:Agardh system (1825)
1224:Philosophia Botanica
1535:Traité de botanique
1959:2003 introductions
1461:Nineteenth century
1324:Gray system (1821)
1295:system (1820–1823)
588:Berberidopsidaceae
307:unplaced in APG II
211:angiosperms :
185:
1931:
1930:
1906:
1905:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1546:Twentieth century
1541:
1540:
1519:Das Pflanzenreich
1437:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1389:Don system (1834)
1316:Classes Plantarum
1210:Species Plantarum
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1101:
1026:141(4): 399-436.
952:Sphenostemonaceae
664:Strasburgeriaceae
333:basal angiosperms
16:(Redirected from
1971:
1916:
1844:
1556:system (1900–07)
1550:
1465:
1458:
1443:
1217:Genera Plantarum
1190:
1176:
1169:
1122:
1108:
1075:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1037:
1030:
1015:
646:Geissolomataceae
548:Trochodendraceae
364:Austrobaileyales
120:Austrobaileyales
91:Full text (HTML)
21:
1979:
1978:
1974:
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1969:
1968:
1954:2003 in science
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1902:
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1705:
1691:
1677:
1663:
1649:
1635:
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1606:
1592:
1578:
1564:
1555:
1537:
1523:
1486:
1452:
1429:
1415:
1405:
1398:
1383:
1360:
1346:
1332:
1318:
1304:
1294:
1282:
1257:
1243:
1229:
1203:Systema Naturae
1184:
1170:
1153:
1116:
1102:
1069:
1064:
1034:
1033:
1016:
1012:
1007:
940:Paracryphiaceae
678:Crossosomatales
370:Ceratophyllales
309:. The unplaced
171:
136:Crossosomatales
95:Full text (PDF)
70:
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28:
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934:Escalloniaceae
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922:Columelliaceae
918:
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710:Zygophyllaceae
694:
693:
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680:
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608:Caryophyllales
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584:
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486:Dasypogonaceae
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428:Petrosaviaceae
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350:Chloranthaceae
346:
315:incertae sedis
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264:
236:
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163:APG III system
102:
101:
69:
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62:APG III system
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905:euasterids II
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862:Oncothecaceae
859:
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843:
842:
841:
840:
835:
831:
827:
825:
821:
820:
819:
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816:
811:
803:
799:
797:
793:
791:
787:
783:
779:
778:
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749:
745:
743:
739:
737:
733:
731:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
711:
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703:
702:
701:
700:
695:
691:
687:
685:
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679:
675:
671:
667:
665:
661:
659:
658:Picramniaceae
655:
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647:
643:
641:
637:
636:
635:
634:
633:
632:
631:
630:
625:
621:
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611:
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595:
591:
589:
585:
583:
582:Aextoxicaceae
579:
578:
577:
576:
575:
574:
573:
572:
571:core eudicots
567:
563:
559:
557:
553:
549:
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533:
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531:
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385:
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375:
371:
367:
365:
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353:
351:
347:
345:
344:Amborellaceae
341:
340:
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336:
335:
334:
330:
327:
324:
323:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
293:
292:
291:euasterids II
288:
286:
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279:
278:
274:
270:
269:
265:
263:
262:
258:
257:
256:
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247:core eudicots
244:
243:
242:
241:
237:
233:
232:
228:
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225:
221:
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218:
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213:
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197:
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168:
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159:
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153:
152:circumscribed
149:
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140:supra-ordinal
137:
133:
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125:
121:
117:
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110:
107:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
80:
75:
74:
73:
67:
65:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
38:APG II system
33:
19:
1919:
1895:
1888:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1859:
1823:
1809:
1795:
1781:
1767:
1751:
1746:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1702:
1688:
1674:
1660:
1646:
1631:
1617:
1603:
1589:
1575:
1561:
1534:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1499:
1481:
1476:
1426:
1411:
1394:
1378:
1373:
1357:
1343:
1329:
1315:
1299:
1277:
1270:
1254:
1240:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1021:
1013:
1000:
972:Aquifoliales
946:Polyosmaceae
903:
850:Boraginaceae
839:euasterids I
837:
813:
782:Tapisciaceae
769:
748:Malpighiales
730:Cucurbitales
697:
627:
620:Saxifragales
594:Dilleniaceae
569:
562:Ranunculales
523:
512:Zingiberales
500:Commelinales
473:
454:Dioscoreales
415:
377:
356:Nymphaeaceae
331:
326:paraphyletic
319:relationship
304:
289:
284:euasterids I
282:
275:
266:
259:
252:
245:
238:
229:
222:
215:
210:
194:between the
186:
160:
156:larger sense
113:
103:
82:
77:
71:
41:
37:
35:
958:Tribelaceae
882:Gentianales
856:Icacinaceae
790:Brassicales
771:eurosids II
724:Celastrales
640:Aphloiaceae
475:commelinids
448:Asparagales
442:Alismatales
400:Magnoliales
268:eurosids II
231:commelinids
132:Celastrales
1938:Categories
1451:(Phyletic)
1005:References
984:Dipsacales
916:Bruniaceae
868:Vahliaceae
802:Sapindales
754:Oxalidales
699:eurosids I
684:Geraniales
652:Ixerbaceae
614:Santalales
602:Gunnerales
466:Pandanales
388:Canellales
379:magnoliids
261:eurosids I
217:magnoliids
148:segregates
128:Gunnerales
124:Canellales
106:systematic
58:APG system
30:See also:
1449:Darwinian
1406:(1862–83)
1288:Berchtold
1182:Darwinian
1098:Grisebach
978:Asterales
894:Solanales
876:Garryales
556:Proteales
542:Sabiaceae
406:Piperales
178:Cladogram
109:botanists
48:-based,
46:molecular
1915:See also
1114:Linnaean
1090:Ventenat
1082:Dahlgren
888:Lamiales
830:Ericales
824:Cornales
815:asterids
796:Malvales
690:Myrtales
670:Vitaceae
536:Buxaceae
525:eudicots
494:Arecales
460:Liliales
436:Acorales
417:monocots
394:Laurales
277:asterids
240:eudicots
224:monocots
189:unranked
144:families
87:Abstract
1921:Plantae
1086:Scopoli
1078:Lindley
966:Apiales
956:family
950:family
944:family
938:family
932:family
926:family
920:family
914:family
866:family
860:family
854:family
848:family
780:family
760:Rosales
742:Fagales
736:Fabales
716:Huaceae
714:family
708:family
668:family
662:family
656:family
650:family
644:family
638:family
592:family
586:family
580:family
546:family
540:family
534:family
484:family
426:family
354:family
348:family
342:family
68:History
1883:(2009)
1094:Batsch
982:order
976:order
970:order
964:order
902:clade
892:order
886:order
880:order
874:order
828:order
822:order
812:clade
800:order
794:order
788:order
768:clade
758:order
752:order
746:order
740:order
734:order
728:order
722:order
696:clade
688:order
682:order
676:order
629:rosids
626:clade
618:order
612:order
606:order
600:order
568:clade
560:order
554:order
522:clade
510:order
506:Poales
504:order
498:order
492:order
472:clade
464:order
458:order
452:order
446:order
440:order
434:order
414:clade
404:order
398:order
392:order
386:order
376:clade
368:order
362:order
254:rosids
192:clades
169:Groups
134:, and
116:orders
18:APG II
1447:Post-
1292:Presl
836:clade
329:grade
204:order
200:class
196:ranks
182:order
154:in a
1290:and
1180:Pre-
1112:Pre-
1096:and
311:taxa
202:and
36:The
206:):
198:of
83:141
1940::
1092:,
1088:,
158:.
130:,
126:,
122:,
93:|
89:|
64:.
1634:.
1414:.
1397:.
1100:.
1059:e
1052:t
1045:v
100:)
40:(
20:)
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