2533:
242:
219:
116:
141:
493:
248:
147:
2831:
918:
The primary translation product of the APOA4 gene is a 396-residue preprotein, which undergoes proteolytic processing to yield apo A-IV, a 376-residue mature O-linked glycoprotein. In most mammals, including humans, apo A-IV synthesis is confined to the
905:
substitution at codon 347; a sequence polymorphism has also been identified in the 3'UTR of the third exon. Intra-species comparative gene sequence analysis suggests that the APOA4 gene arose from APOA1 by gene duplication approximately 270
927:
particles. Intestinal fat absorption dramatically increases the synthesis and secretion of apo A-IV. Although its primary function in human lipid metabolism has not been established, apo A-IV has been found to:
1326:
1014:
2344:
Deeb SS, Nevin DN, Iwasaki L, Brunzell JD (1997). "Two novel apolipoprotein A-IV variants in individuals with familial combined hyperlipidemia and diminished levels of lipoprotein lipase activity".
1729:"Nonsynonymous polymorphic sites in the apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV gene are associated with changes in the concentration of apo B- and apo A-I-containing lipoproteins in a normal population"
1762:
Kamboh MI, Williams ER, Law JC, et al. (1993). "Molecular basis of a unique
African variant (A-IV 5) of human apolipoprotein A-IV and its significance in lipid metabolism".
2755:
2735:
1834:
Tenkanen H, Koskinen P, Metso J, et al. (1992). "A novel polymorphism of apolipoprotein A-IV is the result of an asparagine to serine substitution at residue 127".
255:
154:
2439:
2783:
2532:
2071:"The nucleotide and derived amino acid sequence of human apolipoprotein A-IV mRNA and the close linkage of its gene to the genes of apolipoproteins A-I and C-III"
1801:"Three genetic variants of human plasma apolipoprotein A-IV. apoA-IV-1(Thr347----Ser), apoA-IV-0(Lys167----Glu,Gln360----His), and apoA-IV-3(Glu165----Lys)"
1976:
Wei S, Rocchi M, Archidiacono N, et al. (1990). "Physical mapping of the human chromosome 11q23 region containing the ataxia-telangiectasia locus".
576:
77:
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1339:
1027:
2895:
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1485:
1338:
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2258:"Apolipoprotein A-IV polymorphism in the Hungarian population: gene frequencies, effect on lipid levels, and sequence of two new variants"
1357:
1045:
2299:
Duverger N, Tremp G, Caillaud JM, et al. (1996). "Protection against atherogenesis in mice mediated by human apolipoprotein A-IV".
778:
241:
2399:
1373:
1061:
2673:
937:
923:; however in mice and rats hepatic synthesis also occurs. Apo A-IV is secreted into circulation on the surface of newly synthesized
785:
2357:
218:
1359:
1047:
2793:
2496:
1624:
1370:
1058:
2425:
2139:
Karathanasis SK, Yunis I, Zannis VI (1986). "Structure, evolution, and tissue-specific synthesis of human apolipoprotein AIV".
1472:
1451:
2007:"Genetic polymorphism of human plasma apolipoprotein A-IV is due to nucleotide substitutions in the apolipoprotein A-IV gene"
1900:"The mutation causing the common apolipoprotein A-IV polymorphism is a glutamine to histidine substitution of amino acid 360"
882:
140:
115:
1468:
1336:
1024:
2405:
1372:
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1060:
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2106:"Effect of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase on distribution of apolipoprotein A-IV among lipoproteins of human plasma"
1364:
1344:
1052:
1032:
1447:
2482:
1396:
1337:
1025:
57:
1355:
1354:
1333:
1043:
1042:
1021:
982:
881:, although most of the reported sequence polymorphisms occur in exon 3. The best validated and studied non-synonymous
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1038:
1037:
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153:
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1055:
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Luo CC, Li WH, Moore MN, Chan L (February 1986). "Structure and evolution of the apolipoprotein multigene family".
1371:
1368:
1059:
1056:
247:
146:
1351:
1039:
1865:"Human plasma apolipoproteins A-IV-0 and A-IV-3. Molecular basis for two rare variants of apolipoprotein A-IV-1"
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602:
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129:
2170:"Apolipoprotein multigene family: tandem organization of human apolipoprotein AI, CIII, and AIV genes"
2308:
2181:
1534:
2040:
Yang CY, Gu ZW, Chong IS, et al. (1989). "The primary structure of human apolipoprotein A-IV".
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Elshourbagy NA, Walker DW, Paik YK, Boguski MS, Freeman M, Gordon JI, Taylor JM (June 1987).
840:(also known as apoA-IV, apoAIV, or apoA4) is plasma protein that is the product of the human
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1675:"GPI-specific phospholipase D associates with an apoA-I- and apoA-IV-containing complex"
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2006:
1959:
1935:"Study of the sequence tagged site (STS) in the beginning of human apo A4 gene region"
1934:
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1417:
1400:
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1989:
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1523:"Structure, evolution, and polymorphisms of the human apolipoprotein A4 gene (APOA4)"
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1508:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1490:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
924:
2174:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1527:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
410:
998:
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.
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Karathanasis SK, Oettgen P, Haddad IA, Antonarakis SE (November 1986).
948:
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10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1996)8:4<319::AID-HUMU4>3.0.CO;2-2
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1582:"Structure and expression of the human apolipoprotein A-IV gene"
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modulate the efficiency of enterocyte and hepatic transcellular
870:
841:
61:
2421:
501:
1324:
1012:
2256:
Menzel HJ, Dieplinger H, Sandholzer C, et al. (1995).
2069:
Elshourbagy NA, Walker DW, Boguski MS, et al. (1986).
1727:
1415:
The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways:
1933:
de
Temmerman P, Visvikis S, Boerwinkle E, Siest G (1990).
317:
2850:
1898:
Tenkanen H, Lukka M, Jauhiainen M, et al. (1991).
2221:
Gordon JI, Bisgaier CL, Sims HF, et al. (1984).
2104:
Bisgaier CL, Sachdev OP, Lee ES, et al. (1987).
482:
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1464:
1462:
1460:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1673:Deeg, M A; Bierman E L; Cheung M C (March 2001).
973:Human apo A-IV deficiency has not been reported.
264:
163:
2005:Lohse P, Kindt MR, Rader DJ, Brewer HB (1990).
1863:Lohse P, Kindt MR, Rader DJ, Brewer HB (1990).
1799:Lohse P, Kindt MR, Rader DJ, Brewer HB (1991).
1328:
1016:
16:Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
2223:"Biosynthesis of human preapolipoprotein A-IV"
1469:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032080
2870:
2433:
8:
1448:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000110244
2877:
2863:
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101:
2391:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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1958:
1915:
1880:
1816:
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1690:
1597:
1556:
1546:
962:properties in vitro and in rodent models;
1625:"Entrez Gene: APOA4 apolipoprotein A-IV"
1619:
1617:
1435:
1408:
18:
269:
230:
225:
168:
127:
122:
7:
2827:
2825:
934:lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
433:migratory enteric neural crest cell
2849:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1733:American Journal of Human Genetics
751:
732:
706:
685:
661:
638:
612:
593:
567:
548:
487:
405:
343:
322:
14:
943:play a role in the regulation of
938:cholesterylester transfer protein
2829:
2531:
491:
253:
246:
240:
217:
152:
145:
139:
114:
2906:Human chromosome 11 gene stubs
502:More reference expression data
471:More reference expression data
1:
2240:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)43684-2
2123:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)38666-1
2088:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)35888-X
2024:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)38779-4
1882:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)38406-6
1818:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)92728-6
1692:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)31669-2
1599:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47513-8
457:epithelium of small intestine
238:
137:
2896:Genes on human chromosome 11
2321:10.1126/science.273.5277.966
2054:10.1016/0005-2760(89)90292-0
1990:10.1016/0165-4608(90)90002-R
1848:10.1016/0925-4439(92)90147-f
1685:(3). United States: 442–51.
1652:10.1016/0022-2836(86)90436-5
2922:
2824:
2410:gene details page in the
779:Chr 11: 116.82 – 116.82 Mb
2529:
1504:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1486:"Human PubMed Reference:"
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819:
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808:
792:
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26:
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2393:Medical Subject Headings
2168:Karathanasis SK (1985).
981:APOA4 has been shown to
383:internal globus pallidus
2666:Lipid transfer proteins
2275:10.1002/humu.1380050108
2195:10.1073/pnas.82.19.6374
1978:Cancer Genet. Cytogenet
1917:10.1161/01.atv.11.4.851
1776:10.1002/gepi.1370090602
1548:10.1073/pnas.83.22.8457
993:Interactive pathway map
786:Chr 9: 46.15 – 46.15 Mb
2694:Cell surface receptors
2042:Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1951:10.1093/nar/18.18.5576
1836:Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1418:"Statin_Pathway_WP430"
1380:
1068:
271:9 A5.2|9 25.36 cM
1379:
1067:
445:intestinal epithelium
130:Chromosome 11 (human)
2796:cassette transporter
2404:genome location and
1904:Arterioscler. Thromb
1386:|alt=Statin pathway
861:in close linkage to
232:Chromosome 9 (mouse)
2523:Remnant cholesterol
2455:particle metabolism
2412:UCSC Genome Browser
2389:Apolipoprotein+A-IV
2313:1996Sci...273..966D
2186:1985PNAS...82.6374K
2153:10.1021/bi00361a034
1539:1986PNAS...83.8457K
969:transport in vitro.
869:. APOA4 contains 3
838:Apolipoprotein A-IV
371:right lobe of liver
48:, apolipoprotein A4
2837:This article on a
1381:
1069:
622:ENSMUSG00000032080
449:left lobe of liver
375:buccal mucosa cell
2858:
2857:
2822:
2821:
1939:Nucleic Acids Res
951:in rodent models;
873:separated by two
857:APOA4 resides on
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512:
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401:
300:
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94:APOA4 - orthologs
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2879:
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2464:particle classes
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2428:
2419:
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2252:
2242:
2217:
2207:
2197:
2164:
2135:
2125:
2100:
2090:
2081:(5): 1998–2002.
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2026:
2001:
1972:
1962:
1929:
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1894:
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1764:Genet. Epidemiol
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1080:
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893:substitution at
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781:
764:
752:
743:
733:
729:RefSeq (protein)
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698:
686:
662:
639:
613:
594:
568:
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518:
504:
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413:
411:Top expressed in
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349:Top expressed in
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19:
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2901:Apolipoproteins
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2542:Apolipoproteins
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2380:
2343:
2307:(5277): 966–8.
2298:
2255:
2220:
2167:
2147:(13): 3962–70.
2138:
2103:
2068:
2039:
2017:(17): 10061–4.
2004:
1975:
1932:
1897:
1875:(21): 12734–9.
1862:
1833:
1811:(21): 13513–8.
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1720:Further reading
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1592:(17): 7973–81.
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1399:Statin pathway
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826:View/Edit Mouse
821:View/Edit Human
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774:Location (UCSC)
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603:ENSG00000110244
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2636:Extracellular
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2595:
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2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2499:
2485:
2480:
2469:
2467:
2466:and subclasses
2458:
2457:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2396:
2384:
2383:External links
2381:
2379:
2378:
2341:
2296:
2253:
2218:
2180:(19): 6374–8.
2165:
2136:
2116:(6): 693–703.
2101:
2066:
2037:
2002:
1973:
1930:
1895:
1860:
1831:
1796:
1759:
1739:(5): 1115–28.
1723:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1665:
1646:(3): 325–340.
1630:
1613:
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359:jejunal mucosa
356:
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310:RNA expression
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2873:
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2866:
2861:
2860:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2843:chromosome 11
2840:
2835:
2832:
2828:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2797:
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2363:
2359:
2355:
2352:(4): 319–25.
2351:
2347:
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2276:
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2263:
2259:
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2250:
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2241:
2236:
2233:(1): 468–74.
2232:
2228:
2227:J. Biol. Chem
2224:
2219:
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2075:J. Biol. Chem
2072:
2067:
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2059:
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2020:
2016:
2012:
2011:J. Biol. Chem
2008:
2003:
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1806:
1805:J. Biol. Chem
1802:
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1770:(6): 379–88.
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1586:J. Biol. Chem
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888:
884:
880:
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868:
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859:chromosome 11
852:
850:
848:
847:
843:
839:
827:
822:
818:
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811:
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795:
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772:
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738:
734:
731:
727:
720:
718:
712:
708:
705:
699:
697:
691:
687:
684:
682:RefSeq (mRNA)
680:
673:
672:
667:
663:
660:
654:
653:
649:
644:
640:
637:
635:
631:
624:
623:
618:
614:
611:
605:
604:
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595:
592:
590:
586:
579:
578:
573:
569:
566:
560:
559:
554:
550:
547:
545:
541:
538:
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533:
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523:
519:
515:
503:
498:
494:
489:
486:
484:
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472:
467:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:
416:
412:
407:
404:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
357:
354:
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345:
342:
341:
338:
336:
332:
330:
329:
325:
324:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
295:
290:
286:
282:
277:
267:
263:
256:
249:
243:
236:
228:
224:
220:
215:
211:
206:
202:
194:
189:
185:
181:
176:
166:
162:
155:
148:
142:
135:
131:
125:
121:
117:
112:
108:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
51:
46:
39:
34:
29:
25:
20:
2851:expanding it
2836:
2794:ATP-binding
2562:
2487:delivery of
2472:delivery of
2406:
2400:
2349:
2345:
2304:
2300:
2268:(1): 58–65.
2265:
2261:
2230:
2226:
2177:
2173:
2144:
2141:Biochemistry
2140:
2113:
2110:J. Lipid Res
2109:
2078:
2074:
2048:(2): 231–7.
2045:
2041:
2014:
2010:
1981:
1977:
1945:(18): 5576.
1942:
1938:
1910:(4): 851–6.
1907:
1903:
1872:
1868:
1842:(1): 27–33.
1839:
1835:
1808:
1804:
1767:
1763:
1736:
1732:
1682:
1679:J. Lipid Res
1678:
1668:
1643:
1640:J. Mol. Biol
1639:
1633:
1589:
1585:
1575:
1530:
1526:
1516:
1507:
1498:
1489:
1480:
1411:
997:
996:
980:
977:Interactions
972:
956:anti-oxidant
917:
856:
845:
844:
837:
836:
759:
740:
714:
693:
669:
646:
620:
601:
575:
556:
536:
531:
441:cumulus cell
333:
326:
191:116,823,304
178:116,820,700
53:External IDs
2478:Chylomicron
2462:Lipoprotein
2453:lipoprotein
960:atherogenic
925:chylomicron
879:polymorphic
387:pericardium
292:46,154,757
279:46,151,994
31:Identifiers
2890:Categories
2346:Hum. Mutat
2262:Hum. Mutat
1984:(1): 1–8.
1475:, May 2017
1454:, May 2017
1430:References
897:360 and a
337:(ortholog)
74:HomoloGene
2841:on human
1701:0022-2275
958:and anti-
940:in vitro;
932:activate
921:intestine
899:threonine
891:histidine
887:glutamine
877:, and is
762:NP_031494
717:NM_007468
696:NM_000482
522:Orthologs
379:vena cava
82:GeneCards
2374:19100488
2337:30484255
1792:40107026
1709:11254757
1471:–
1450:–
983:interact
954:display
945:appetite
914:Function
810:Wikidata
429:yolk sac
421:duodenum
367:duodenum
2638:enzymes
2366:8956036
2329:8688083
2309:Bibcode
2301:Science
2292:3063305
2284:7728150
2249:6706947
2214:3931073
2182:Bibcode
2161:3755616
2132:3611972
2097:3080432
2062:2930771
2033:2351649
1998:2331673
1969:2216752
1926:2065039
1891:1973689
1856:1737067
1827:1677358
1784:1487136
1755:1349197
1746:1682587
1660:3084795
1608:3036793
1567:3095836
1535:Bibcode
1473:Ensembl
1452:Ensembl
1007:[[File:
949:satiety
875:introns
634:UniProt
589:Ensembl
528:Species
453:stomach
425:jejunum
395:pylorus
312:pattern
170:11q23.3
38:Aliases
2784:LRPAP1
2703:SCARB1
2509:sd LDL
2506:lb LDL
2449:Lipids
2398:Human
2395:(MeSH)
2372:
2364:
2335:
2327:
2290:
2282:
2247:
2212:
2205:390718
2202:
2159:
2130:
2095:
2060:
2031:
1996:
1967:
1960:332267
1957:
1924:
1889:
1854:
1825:
1790:
1782:
1753:
1743:
1707:
1699:
1658:
1606:
1565:
1558:386949
1555:
903:serine
885:are a
796:search
794:PubMed
671:P06728
544:Entrez
483:BioGPS
62:107690
2845:is a
2814:ABCG8
2809:ABCG5
2804:ABCA1
2777:LDL:
2771:LRP12
2766:LRP11
2761:LRP10
2746:LRP5L
2721:LRP1B
2709:IDL:
2701:HDL:
2579:APOC
2549:APOA
2513:Lp(a)
2407:APOA4
2401:APOA4
2370:S2CID
2333:S2CID
2288:S2CID
1788:S2CID
1319:]
987:GPLD1
985:with
967:lipid
895:codon
871:exons
867:APOC3
863:APOA1
846:APOA4
577:11808
537:Mouse
532:Human
437:ileum
335:Mouse
328:Human
275:Start
210:Mouse
174:Start
107:Human
86:APOA4
78:47927
70:88051
45:APOA4
22:APOA4
2847:stub
2839:gene
2779:LDLR
2756:LRP8
2751:LRP6
2741:LRP5
2736:LRP4
2731:LRP3
2726:LRP2
2716:LRP1
2684:PLTP
2679:MTTP
2674:CETP
2651:LIPC
2646:LCAT
2625:SAA1
2615:APOH
2610:APOE
2605:APOD
2575:APOB
2491:and
2483:VLDL
2362:PMID
2325:PMID
2280:PMID
2245:PMID
2210:PMID
2157:PMID
2128:PMID
2093:PMID
2058:PMID
2046:1002
2029:PMID
1994:PMID
1965:PMID
1922:PMID
1887:PMID
1852:PMID
1840:1138
1823:PMID
1780:PMID
1751:PMID
1705:PMID
1697:ISSN
1656:PMID
1604:PMID
1563:PMID
1401:edit
1388:edit
947:and
936:and
883:SNPs
865:and
853:Gene
842:gene
391:pons
318:Bgee
266:Band
227:Chr.
165:Band
124:Chr.
58:OMIM
2711:LRP
2656:LPL
2620:SAA
2518:HDL
2502:LDL
2497:IDL
2474:TGs
2354:doi
2317:doi
2305:273
2270:doi
2235:doi
2231:259
2200:PMC
2190:doi
2149:doi
2118:doi
2083:doi
2079:261
2050:doi
2019:doi
2015:265
1986:doi
1955:PMC
1947:doi
1912:doi
1877:doi
1873:265
1844:doi
1813:doi
1809:266
1772:doi
1741:PMC
1687:doi
1648:doi
1644:187
1594:doi
1590:262
1553:PMC
1543:doi
908:MYA
742:n/a
558:337
288:End
187:End
90:OMA
66:MGI
2892::
2495::
2493:CE
2476::
2451::
2368:.
2360:.
2348:.
2331:.
2323:.
2315:.
2303:.
2286:.
2278:.
2264:.
2260:.
2243:.
2229:.
2225:.
2208:.
2198:.
2188:.
2178:82
2176:.
2172:.
2155:.
2145:25
2143:.
2126:.
2114:28
2112:.
2108:.
2091:.
2077:.
2073:.
2056:.
2044:.
2027:.
2013:.
2009:.
1992:.
1982:46
1980:.
1963:.
1953:.
1943:18
1941:.
1937:.
1920:.
1908:11
1906:.
1902:.
1885:.
1871:.
1867:.
1850:.
1838:.
1821:.
1807:.
1803:.
1786:.
1778:.
1766:.
1749:.
1737:50
1735:.
1731:.
1703:.
1695:.
1683:42
1681:.
1677:.
1654:.
1642:.
1616:^
1602:.
1588:.
1584:.
1561:.
1551:.
1541:.
1531:83
1529:.
1525:.
1506:.
1488:.
1459:^
1438:^
1390:]]
989:.
910:.
901:→
889:→
849:.
294:bp
281:bp
193:bp
180:bp
88:;
84::
80:;
76::
72:;
68::
64:;
60::
2878:e
2871:t
2864:v
2853:.
2598:4
2593:3
2588:2
2583:1
2568:5
2563:4
2558:2
2553:1
2489:C
2441:e
2434:t
2427:v
2414:.
2376:.
2356::
2350:8
2339:.
2319::
2311::
2294:.
2272::
2266:5
2251:.
2237::
2216:.
2192::
2184::
2163:.
2151::
2134:.
2120::
2099:.
2085::
2064:.
2052::
2035:.
2021::
2000:.
1988::
1971:.
1949::
1928:.
1914::
1893:.
1879::
1858:.
1846::
1829:.
1815::
1794:.
1774::
1768:9
1757:.
1711:.
1689::
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