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289:, which was based on its supposed insular invulnerability and its belief that the peace was a simple consequence of Napoleon's defeat. For Austria, a continental power, the reality was different. Another Napoleon could emerge at any time, and a strong European concert of conservative monarchs, based on principle, was necessary to prevent dangers before they arose.
267:, took part, to neutrality during the spring 1813 campaign and then as a leading member of the anti-French alliance that defeated France in 1813 and 1814. In the process, Metternich avoided breaking any of his treaties with his counterparts, as he knew that only established order among states would permit fragile Austria to survive.
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Although the
Congress system worked for only a few years, the concept and principles on which it was based allowed the longest period of peace among states in history with only a few minor interruptions. It was such a long peace that the faith in it and the forgotten consequences of war ended in an
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Meanwhile, nationalism was rising over much of the world. The
Austrian Empire was a complex political entity, with many ethnic groups and languages co-existing, which threatened its survival. Metternich expected to lead an alliance against France and to press only enough to depose Napoleon, who had
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Metternich was very skillful and so gained the confidence of all rulers at the many
European congresses that followed. In his view, solidarity among monarchs would restrain the danger of liberal revolutions and diverse national upheavals around Europe.
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figure who was old-fashioned even in his own era but was described as having superlative diplomatic skills, Metternich pursued a peace for Europe based on restored monarchical principle and on solidarity among the monarchs of Europe. The 1789
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From 1812 onward, moderation was
Metternich's guiding principle in the path to European order as he carried Austria from the forced alliance with France during Napoleon's invasion of Russia in which an Austrian corps, under
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while he was forced to be ally of France. After
Napoleon was defeated, Metternich became the organizer of the Congress system through which he sought the survival and advancement of the
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The book also introduces the reader to the political biographies of two important characters of the time. The main character is
Austrian Chancellor
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and the subsequent
Napoleonic invasion and rule of much of Europe had implanted new liberal revolutionary ideas that were never to be eliminated.
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shown a complete unwillingness to accept a moderate peace, but to preserve a strong France under a restored
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A World
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peace and a new order after the violent struggles of the previous quarter-century.
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The complex chain of
Congresses is explained, which started after the end of the
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A World
Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh and the Problems of Peace 1812–1822
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A World Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh and the Problems of Peace 1812–1822
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A World Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh and the Problems of Peace, 1812–22
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Published in 1957, it was written in 1954 as Kissinger's
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The other great character is British Foreign Secretary
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345:. Henry Kissinger, 1973, Spanish Edition.
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