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MAME

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144: 834:, a majority of which are completely undocumented and custom designed to run either a single game or a very small number of them. The approach MAME takes with regards to accuracy is an incremental one; systems are emulated as accurately as they reasonably can be. Bootleg copies of games are often the first to be emulated, with proper (and copy protected) versions emulated later. Besides encryption, arcade games were usually protected with custom 2711: 2503: 783:
files that can be read by MAME. MAME does not support the use of external analog devices, which (along with identical speaker and speaker enclosures) would be required for a 100% faithful reproduction of the experience. An ever decreasing number of games with unemulated audio circuits require sound samples in WAV file format for sound emulation. MAME additionally supports artwork files in
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unplayably slow, even on the fastest computers. MAME does not currently take advantage of hardware acceleration to speed up the rendering of 3D graphics, in part because of the lack of a stable cross-platform 3D API, and in part because software rendering can, in theory, be an exact reproduction of the various custom 3D rendering approaches that were used in the arcade games.
991: 44: 53: 891:, but this arrangement was discontinued as well. Other copyright holders have released games which are no longer commercially viable free of charge to the public under licenses that prohibit commercial use of the games. Many of these games may be downloaded legally from the official MAME web site. The Spanish arcade game developer 636:(CPUs) and associated hardware. These elements are virtualized so that MAME acts as a software layer between the original program of the game, and the platform MAME runs on. MAME supports arbitrary screen resolutions, refresh rates and display configurations. Multiple emulated monitors, as required by, for example, 500:
was integrated with MAME (so the MESS User Manual is still the most important usage instruction for the non-arcade parts of MAME). This also led to the removal of the acronym, as MAME can now emulate more than arcade machines. Since 2012, MAME has been maintained by former MESS project leader Miodrag
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We want to document the hardware. Now a lot of people will say; "Where's your document? You just write a bunch of source code." And yes, that's true. One thing I've learned is that keeping documentation synced with source code is nearly impossible. The best proof that your documentation is right is
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Hard disks, compact discs and laserdiscs are stored in a MAME-specific format called CHD (Compressed Hunks of Data). Some machines use analog hardware, such as laserdiscs, to store and play back audio/video data such as soundtracks and cinematics. This data must be captured and encoded into digital
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commitments, handing stewardship of the project to fellow Italian Mirko Buffoni for half a year. In May 2003, David Haywood took over as project coordinator; and from April 2005 to April 2011, the project was coordinated by Aaron Giles; then Angelo Salese stepped in as the coordinator; and in 2012,
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A "non-merged" set is a ROM that has everything a program needs to run in one ZIP file, such as its "parent". Non-merged roms take up more space due to redundancy, but they are useful for cases where only a specific set of programs are desired, such as only desiring one specific version of a game
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Most games are still covered by copyright. Downloading or distributing copyrighted ROMs without permission from copyright holders is almost always a violation of copyright laws. However, some countries (including the US) allow the owner of a board to transfer data contained in its ROM chips to a
519:. MAME developer Miodrag Milanovic explained that the change was to draw more developer interest, allow game manufacturers to distribute MAME to emulate their own games, and to make the software "a learning tool for developers working on development boards". The transition of MAME's licensing to 675:
through an intermediate language called the Universal Machine Language (UML) to increase the emulation speed. Back-end targets supported are x86 and x64. A C back end is also available to further aid verification of the correctness. CPUs emulated in this manner are SH-2, MIPS R3000 and PowerPC.
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Portability and generality are also important to MAME. Combined with the uncompromising stance on accuracy, this often results in high system requirements. Although a 2 GHz processor is enough to run almost all 2D games, more recent systems and particularly systems with 3D graphics can be
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The MAME community has distanced itself from other groups redistributing ROMs via the Internet or physical media, claiming they are blatantly infringing copyright and harm the project by potentially bringing it into disrepute. Despite this, illegal distributions of ROMs are widespread on the
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and other platforms. Its intention is to preserve gaming history by preventing vintage video games from being lost or forgotten. It does this by emulating the inner workings of the emulated machines; the ability to actually play the video games is considered "a nice side effect".
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license, respectively. The non-commercial clause was designed to prevent arcade operators from installing MAME cabinets and profiting from the works of the original manufacturers of the games. The ambiguity of the definition "commercial" led to legal problems with the license.
720:, constituting a "ROM set". In addition to the "parent" ROM set (usually chosen as the most recent "World" version of the game), games may have "clone" ROM sets with different program code, different language text intended for different markets etc. For example, 347:. It began as a project called Multi-Pac, intended to preserve video games in the Pac-Man family, but the name was changed as more games were added to its framework. The first MAME version was released in 1996. In April 1997, Salmoria stepped down for his 404:
due to the move to 64-bit builds), while the latter numbers were skipped due to the numerous releases in the 0.37 beta cycle (these version numbers have since been marked next to their equivalent 0.37 beta releases on the official MAMEdev website).
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The information within MAME is free for reuse, and companies have been known to utilize MAME when recreating their old classics on modern systems. Some have even hired MAME developers to create emulators for their old properties. An example is the
416:, multiple CPUs, and sound chips were added in the project's first six months. A flexible timer system to coordinate synchronization between multiple emulated CPU cores was implemented, and ROM images started to be loaded according to their 838:(MCUs) that implemented a part of the game logic or some other important functions. Emulation of these chips is preferred even when they have little or no immediately visible effect on the game itself. For example, the monster behavior in 363:
systems (X/MAME), Macintosh (MacMAME and later MAME OS X) and Windows (MAME32). Since 24 May 2001, with version 0.37b15, MAME's main development has occurred on the Windows platform, and most other platforms are supported through the
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Internet, and many "Full Sets" also exist which contains a full collection of a specific version's ROMs. In addition, many bootleg game systems, such as arcade multi carts, often use versions of MAME to run their games.
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with more advanced features. They provide varying degrees of customization, allowing one to see images of games' cabinets, histories, playing tips, specialized logo artwork for games, and video of the game's play or
463:. Cabinets are built either from scratch or by taking apart and modifying an original arcade game cabinet. Cabinets inspired by classic games can also be purchased and assembled (with MAME optionally preinstalled). 368:
project, which was integrated into the main development source tree in 2006. MAME has also been ported to other computers, game consoles, mobile phones and PDAs and, at one point, even to digital cameras. In 2012,
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of the chip. This results in the ROM set requirements changing as the games are emulated to a more and more accurate degree, causing older versions of the ROM set becoming unusable in newer versions of MAME.
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notice to the MAME developers over those games being included in the emulator. MAME complied with the request a day later, making both unplayable on the emulator outside of command line, as of version 0.240.
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Database containing details of any game supported by Mame, including past versions. There are images, videos, programs for downloading extra files, advanced searches, graphics and many other resources.
400:. Historical version numbers 0.32, and 0.38 through 0.52 inclusively, do not exist; the former was skipped due to similar naming of the GUI-equipped MAME32 variant (which itself has since been renamed 632:
The MAME core coordinates the emulation of several elements at the same time. These elements replicate the behavior of the hardware present in the original machines. MAME can emulate many different
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that might make a game easier to run at the expense of emulation accuracy. Components such as CPUs are emulated at a low level (meaning individual instructions are emulated) whenever possible, and
815:(HLE) is only used when a chip is completely undocumented and cannot be reverse-engineered in detail. Signal level emulation is used to emulate audio circuitry that consists of analog components. 1366: 2785: 1667: 753:
A "split" ROM only contains information about itself. For example, a "clone" ROM does not have the necessary data the "parent" ROM has, and a "parent" ROM will not contain its clones.
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are also used. The contents of most of these devices can be copied to computer files, in a process called "dumping". The resulting files are often generically called
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On 24 February 2016 (0.171), MAME embedded the MEWUI front-end (and its developer joined the team), providing MAME with a flexible and more full-featured UI.
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personal computer or other device they own. Some copyright holders have explored making ROMs available to the public through licensing. For example, in 2003
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The original program code, graphics and sound data need to be present so that the system can be emulated. In most machines, the data is stored in
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emulator from being sold, but they have been ultimately unsuccessful. MAME itself has thus far not been the subject of any court cases.
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Miodrag Milanovic took over. The project is supported by hundreds of developers around the world and thousands of outside contributors.
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The stated aim of the project is to document hardware, and so MAME takes a somewhat purist view of emulation, prohibiting programming
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repository, allowing those with the required expertise and tools to build the most up-to-date version and contribute enhancements as
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against the most recent major version, to keep code in synchronization among developers. MAME's source code is developed on a public
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Major releases of MAME occur approximately once a month. Windows executables in both 32-bit and 64-bit fashion are released on the
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that have ROMs shared between multiple games require the ROMs to be stored in "BIOS" ROM sets and named appropriately.
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Owning and distributing MAME itself is legal in most countries, as it is merely an emulator. Companies such as
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A "merged" set is a ROM that contains the "parent" ROM and its "clones" in one package. For example, a merged
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version, and all other clone or bootleg versions of the game. It is more space-efficient than a split set.
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or ROMs regardless of the kind of storage they came from. A game usually consists of multiple ROM and
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to replay old games and even some companies producing illegal MAME derivatives to be installed in
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Although MAME contains a rudimentary user interface, the use of MAME in arcade game cabinets and
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was not perfected until the code and data contained with the custom MCU was dumped through the
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for MAME 0.136, taking advantage of additional features of that language in the process.
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made MAME-compatible ROMs for 27 of its arcade games available on the Internet site
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MAME's architecture has been extensively improved over the years. Support for both
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usually require extra image files for backgrounds or other aspects of the games.
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and computer systems, based on the MAME core, was integrated into MAME in 2015.
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on 5 February 1997. It now supports over 7,000 unique games and 10,000 actual
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license. However, old versions remain licensed under the original license.
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MAME's popularity has gone mainstream, with enthusiasts building their own
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On 27 May 2015 (0.162), the games console and computer system emulator
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for bezel and overlay graphics. Furthermore, emulation of games with
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of many undocumented system architectures, various CPUs (such as the
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games were sold with the HotRod arcade joystick manufactured by
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In May 2015, it was announced that MAME's developers planned to
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MAME was formerly distributed under a custom self-written
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have attempted in court to prevent other software such as
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playable browser based MAME emulation at software archive
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without desiring to also obtain the other required files.
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Although a great majority of the CPU emulation cores are
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CPU with new instructions) and sound chips (for example,
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This article is about the emulator. For the musical, see
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images; these are collectively stored inside a single
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pack, with ROMs readable on select versions of MAME.
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April 2007. p. 78 343:The MAME project was started by Italian programmer 211: 194: 182: 172: 153: 122: 106: 84: 74: 62: 1051:"With Software Sleight of Hand, Video Ghosts Walk" 470:necessitates special launcher applications called 1806:"Aaron Giles at California Extreme 2008 – Part 2" 956:Since March 2016 with version 0.172, MAME itself 1189:"Afterlife: The World of Console Game Emulation" 293:sets, though not all of the games are playable. 817: 531:license, and the complete project is under the 2786:Lua (programming language)-scriptable software 1015:List of free and open-source software packages 2811:Super Nintendo Entertainment System emulators 2533: 2508:List of Nintendo video game console emulators 2189: 1714:http://mamedev.org/releases/whatsnew_0171.txt 1478:Project Arcade: Build Your Own Arcade Machine 1220: 1218: 1216: 830:MAME emulates well over a thousand different 545:, the Western copyright holders of the games 355:At first, MAME was developed exclusively for 274:has listed MAME as an application that every 8: 523:was completed in March 2016. Most of MAME's 424:they were stored in. MAME has pioneered the 2108:"MAME is now Free and Open Source Software" 1690:"MAME is now Free and Open Source Software" 2710: 2597: 2566: 2540: 2526: 2518: 2502: 2313: 2222: 2196: 2182: 2174: 1304:. Rbelmont.mameworld.info. 13 October 2006 1104:Quilty-Harper, Conrad (16 December 2005). 516: 308:a version of MAME is available to emulate 142: 51: 38: 2716:List of Sony video game console emulators 901:for non-commercial use on their website. 620:Learn how and when to remove this message 331:from Microsoft is only supported for the 2826:Proprietary video game console emulators 1270: 1268: 766:rom would contain the "parent" Japanese 2806:Nintendo Entertainment System emulators 1041: 688:(ROMs), although other devices such as 178:Windows, macOS, Linux, BSD, Amiga, etc. 57:MAME's main menu (as of version 0.209) 1816:from the original on 11 December 2021 1548:from the original on 22 February 2014 1515:from the original on 16 December 2012 1369:from the original on 7 September 2013 1336:from the original on 22 February 2014 285:The first public MAME release was by 247:designed to recreate the hardware of 7: 1857:Glasner, Joanna (10 February 2000). 1726:"You wanted the C&D, you got it" 1275:Milanovic, Miodrag (26 April 2012). 1020:List of video game console emulators 825:Aaron Giles, California Extreme 2008 645:Individual systems are specified by 2082:"So why did this annoy me so much?" 1580:from the original on 4 October 2011 944:, and as such is not considered an 386:development team's official website 1634:from the original on 22 April 2016 1534:Harris, Craig (30 November 2005). 1163:"WineVDM - Emulation General Wiki" 1063:from the original on 14 April 2019 795:or extra physical aspects such as 728:Street Fighter II Champion Edition 527:(90%+) is now available under the 377:, which allows MAME to run inside 25: 2801:Free video game console emulators 2756:Classic Mac OS emulation software 1859:"Court Upholds PlayStation Rival" 1025:List of computer system emulators 803:Philosophy, accuracy and quality 508:the software under a more common 2709: 2501: 2040:. 3 January 2016. Archived from 1779:"MAME | src/lib/util/chd.h" 1670:from the original on 16 May 2015 989: 574: 238:Multiple Arcade Machine Emulator 42: 2771:Free software programmed in C++ 2066:31 October 2013. Archived from 1501:Roush, George (16 April 2008). 737:MAME ROMs come in three forms, 2615:Connectix Virtual Game Station 1355:Wawro, Alex (3 January 2012). 1325:"But Wait, That's a Camera..." 1187:Maragos, Nich (25 July 2015). 1: 1913:"MAME ROMs for Free Download" 1804:Giles, Aaron (17 July 2009). 1781:. Mamedev.org. Archived from 1503:"Build Your Own MAME Machine" 1323:IGN Staff (3 November 1999). 1246:Giles, Aaron (5 April 2011). 2766:Cross-platform free software 1620:Wawro, Alex (4 March 2016). 359:, but it was soon ported to 2751:Arcade video game emulators 2164:MAME resource and news site 1656:Wawro, Alex (15 May 2015). 1536:"Dream Arcade Cocktail Kit" 1480:. Indianapolis, IN: Wiley. 1049:Herz, J.C. (5 March 1998). 726:is considered a variant of 600:the claims made and adding 113:0.269 (August 29, 2024) 2842: 2821:Windows emulation software 2126:"MAME | Legal Information" 2038:"MAME | Legal Information" 1389:"MAME Latest MAME Release" 1167:emulation.gametechwiki.com 29: 2707: 2499: 1837:"Nicola's MAME Ramblings" 730:. System boards like the 642:, are supported as well. 557:had their lawyers file a 327:versions of Windows. The 118: 102: 50: 41: 2791:MacOS emulation software 2781:Linux emulation software 2741:Amiga emulation software 2326:Family Computer Emulator 1891:"17 U.S. Code § 117 (a)" 1476:St. Clair, John (2004). 1463:"MAME Previous Releases" 1083:"MAME | About MAME" 942:Free Software Definition 634:central processing units 2776:GP2X emulation software 2761:Cross-platform software 1962:. MAME development site 1934:"Gaelco Games at Home!" 1893:. U.S. Copyright Office 789:liquid-crystal displays 723:Street Fighter II Turbo 649:which take the form of 297:, an emulator for many 1568:"Taito Legends manual" 1302:"The SDLMAME Homepage" 1226:"MAME Project History" 934:Open Source Definition 828: 820:"does this code work". 686:read-only memory chips 554:DoDonPachi SaiDaiOuJou 203:, with some sub-parts 90:; 27 years ago 2816:PlayStation emulators 1982:"Make The Most of It" 1754:"About ROMs and Sets" 1410:"MAME Source Updates" 1138:"Virtual DOS machine" 909:Original MAME license 836:microcontroller units 673:dynamic recompilation 671:, MAME also supports 541:On 30 December 2021, 517:original MAME license 438:Yamaha FM sound chips 335:versions of Windows. 259:and other systems in 27:Multi-system emulator 865:Virtual Game Station 832:arcade system boards 813:high-level emulation 510:free and open-source 457:arcade game cabinets 339:History and overview 242:free and open-source 88:5 February 1997 2070:on 31 October 2013. 1277:"Passing the torch" 432:-derivative custom 426:reverse engineering 299:video game consoles 282:gamer should have. 253:video game consoles 2746:AmigaOS 4 software 2351:SNES/Super Famicom 1835:Salmoria, Nicola. 1758:MAME Documentation 1740:"MAME SVN History" 1056:The New York Times 997:Video games portal 895:has also released 585:possibly contains 265:personal computers 80:The MAME community 64:Original author(s) 2723: 2722: 2703: 2702: 2587: 2586: 2515: 2514: 2495: 2494: 2387:Project Unreality 2303: 2302: 2088:. 22 October 2013 2044:on 3 January 2016 1118:on 6 January 2006 975:license, and the 630: 629: 622: 587:original research 227: 226: 168:for some drivers) 16:(Redirected from 2833: 2713: 2712: 2598: 2567: 2542: 2535: 2528: 2519: 2505: 2504: 2314: 2280:VisualBoyAdvance 2223: 2198: 2191: 2184: 2175: 2158: 2157: 2155:Official website 2141: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2122: 2116: 2115: 2104: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2078: 2072: 2071: 2060: 2054: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2034: 2028: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2006: 2000: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1978: 1972: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1956: 1950: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1936:. 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Index

Aaron Giles
Mame (musical)
MAME Logo

Original author(s)
Nicola Salmoria
Developer(s)
Stable release
Repository
github.com/mamedev/mame
Edit this at Wikidata
C++
C
Python
Operating system
Type
Emulator
License
GPL-2.0-or-later
BSD-3-Clause
www.mamedev.org
acronym
free and open-source
emulator
arcade games
video game consoles
computers
software
personal computers
Joystiq

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.